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Speidell A, Agbey C, Mocchetti I. Accelerated neurodegeneration of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons in HIV-1 gp120 transgenic mice: Critical role of the p75 neurotrophin receptor. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 117:347-355. [PMID: 38266662 PMCID: PMC10935610 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.01.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 (HIV) infection of the brain induces HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). The set of molecular events employed by HIV to drive cognitive impairments in people living with HIV are diverse and remain not completely understood. We have shown that the HIV envelope protein gp120 promotes loss of synapses and decreases performance on cognitive tasks through the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR). This receptor is abundant on cholinergic neurons of the basal forebrain and contributes to cognitive impairment in various neurological disorders. In this study, we examined cholinergic neurons of gp120 transgenic (gp120tg) mice for signs of degeneration. We observed that the number of choline acetyltransferase-expressing cells is decreased in old (12-14-month-old) gp120tg mice when compared to age matched wild type. In the same animals, we observed an increase in the levels of pro-nerve growth factor, a ligand of p75NTR, as well as a disruption of consolidation of extinction of conditioned fear, a behavior regulated by cholinergic neurons of the basal forebrain. Both biochemical and behavioral outcomes of gp120tg mice were rescued by the deletion of the p75NTR gene, strongly supporting the role that this receptor plays in the neurotoxic effects of gp120. These data indicate that future p75NTR-directed pharmacotherapies could provide an adjunct therapy against synaptic simplification caused by HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Speidell
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, and Department of Neuroscience, NRB WP13, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Christy Agbey
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, and Department of Neuroscience, NRB WP13, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Italo Mocchetti
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, and Department of Neuroscience, NRB WP13, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA.
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Comaposada-Baró R, Benito-Martínez A, Escribano-Saiz JJ, Franco ML, Ceccarelli L, Calatayud-Baselga I, Mira H, Vilar M. Cholinergic neurodegeneration and cholesterol metabolism dysregulation by constitutive p75 NTR signaling in the p75 exonIII-KO mice. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1237458. [PMID: 37900943 PMCID: PMC10611523 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1237458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Degeneration of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons (BFCNs) is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, few mouse models of AD recapitulate the neurodegeneration of the cholinergic system. The p75 neurotrophin receptor, p75NTR, has been associated with the degeneration of BFCNs in AD. The senescence-accelerated mouse prone number 8 (SAMP8) is a well-accepted model of accelerated and pathological aging. To gain a better understanding of the role of p75NTR in the basal forebrain during aging, we generated a new mouse line, the SAMP8-p75exonIII-/-. Deletion of p75NTR in the SAMP8 background induces an increase in the number of BFCNs at birth, followed by a rapid decline during aging compared to the C57/BL6 background. This decrease in the number of BFCNs correlates with a worsening in the Y-maze memory test at 6 months in the SAMP8-p75exonIII-/-. We found that SAMP8-p75exonIII-/- and C57/BL6-p75exonIII-/- mice expressed constitutively a short isoform of p75NTR that correlates with an upregulation of the protein levels of SREBP2 and its targets, HMGCR and LDLR, in the BF of both SAMP8-p75exonIII-/- and C57/BL6-p75exonIII-/- mice. As the neurodegeneration of the cholinergic system and the dysregulation of cholesterol metabolism are implicated in AD, we postulate that the generated SAMP8-p75exonIII-/- mouse strain might constitute a good model to study long-term cholinergic neurodegeneration in the CNS. In addition, our results support the role of p75NTR signaling in cholesterol biosynthesis regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Comaposada-Baró
- Molecular Basis of Neurodegeneration Unit of the Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - Andrea Benito-Martínez
- Molecular Basis of Neurodegeneration Unit of the Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan Julian Escribano-Saiz
- Molecular Basis of Neurodegeneration Unit of the Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Luisa Franco
- Molecular Basis of Neurodegeneration Unit of the Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - Lorenzo Ceccarelli
- Molecular Basis of Neurodegeneration Unit of the Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Helena Mira
- Stem Cells and Aging Units of the Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marçal Vilar
- Molecular Basis of Neurodegeneration Unit of the Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia CSIC, Valencia, Spain
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Amano A, Sanjo N, Araki W, Anraku Y, Nakakido M, Matsubara E, Tomiyama T, Nagata T, Tsumoto K, Kataoka K, Yokota T. Peripheral administration of nanomicelle-encapsulated anti-Aβ oligomer fragment antibody reduces various toxic Aβ species in the brain. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:36. [PMID: 36721182 PMCID: PMC9888736 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01772-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although a large amount of evidence has revealed that amyloid β (Aβ), especially Aβ oligomers, protofibrils, and pyroglutamated Aβs, participate primarily in the pathophysiological processes of Alzheimer's disease, most clinical trials of anti-Aβ antibody therapy have never acquired successful efficacy in human clinical trials, partly because peripheral administration of antibody medications was unable to deliver sufficient amounts of the molecules to the brain. Recently, we developed polymeric nanomicelles capable of passing through the blood-brain barrier that function as chaperones to deliver larger amounts of heavy molecules to the brain. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of newly developed antibody 6H4 fragments specific to Aβ oligomers encapsulated in polymeric nanomicelles on the development of Alzheimer's disease pathology in Alzheimer's disease model mice at the age of emergence of early Alzheimer's disease pathology. RESULTS During the 10-week administration of 6H4 antibody fragments in polymeric nanomicelles, a significant reduction in the amounts of various toxic Aβ species, such as Aβ oligomers, toxic Aβ conformers, and pyroglutamated Aβs in the brain was observed. In addition, immunohistochemistry indicated inhibition of diameters of Aβ plaques, Aβ-antibody immunoreactive areas, and also plaque core formation. Behavioral analysis of the mice model revealed that the 6H4 fragments-polymeric nanomicelle group was significantly better at maintaining long-term spatial reference memory in the probe and platform tests of the water maze, thereby indicating inhibition of the pathophysiological process of Alzheimer's disease. CONCLUSIONS The results indicated that the strategy of reducing toxic Aβ species in early dementia owing to Alzheimer's disease by providing sufficient antibodies in the brain may modify Alzheimer's disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Amano
- grid.265073.50000 0001 1014 9130Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510 Japan
| | - Nobuo Sanjo
- grid.265073.50000 0001 1014 9130Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510 Japan
| | - Wataru Araki
- grid.265073.50000 0001 1014 9130Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510 Japan
| | - Yasutaka Anraku
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan ,grid.493442.c0000 0004 5936 3316Innovation Center of Nano Medicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Makoto Nakakido
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan ,grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Etsuro Matsubara
- grid.412334.30000 0001 0665 3553Department of Neurology, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Takami Tomiyama
- grid.258799.80000 0004 0372 2033Department of Translational Neuroscience, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Nagata
- grid.265073.50000 0001 1014 9130Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510 Japan
| | - Kouhei Tsumoto
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan ,grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan ,grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XThe Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazunori Kataoka
- grid.493442.c0000 0004 5936 3316Innovation Center of Nano Medicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takanori Yokota
- grid.265073.50000 0001 1014 9130Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510 Japan
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4
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Demuth H, Hosseini S, Düsedeau HP, Dunay IR, Korte M, Zagrebelsky M. Deletion of p75 NTR rescues the synaptic but not the inflammatory status in the brain of a mouse model for Alzheimer's disease. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1163087. [PMID: 37213691 PMCID: PMC10198655 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1163087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Alzheimer's disease (AD), is characterized by a gradual cognitive decline associated with the accumulation of Amyloid beta (Aβ)-oligomers, progressive neuronal degeneration and chronic neuroinflammation. Among the receptors shown to bind and possibly transduce the toxic effects of Aβ-oligomers is the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR). Interestingly, p75NTR mediates several crucial processes in the nervous system, including neuronal survival and apoptosis, maintenance of the neuronal architecture, and plasticity. Furthermore, p75NTR is also expressed in microglia, the resident immune cells of the brain, where it is markedly increased under pathological conditions. These observations indicate p75NTR as a potential candidate for mediating Aβ-induced toxic effects at the interface between the nervous and the immune system, thereby potentially participating in the crosstalk between these two systems. Methods Here we used APP/PS1 transgenic mice (APP/PS1tg) and compared the Aβ-induced alterations in neuronal function, chronic inflammation as well as their cognitive consequences between 10 months old APP/PS1tg and APP/PS1tg x p75NTRexonIV knockout mice. Results Electrophysiological recordings show that a loss of p75NTR rescues the impairment in long-term potentiation at the Schaffer collaterals in the hippocampus of APP/PS1tg mice. Interestingly, however loss of p75NTR does not influence the severity of neuroinflammation, microglia activation or the decline in spatial learning and memory processes observed in APP/PS1tg mice. Conclusion Together these results indicate that while a deletion of p75NTR rescues the synaptic defect and the impairment in synaptic plasticity, it does not affect the progression of the neuroinflammation and the cognitive decline in a mouse model for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Demuth
- Division of Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, Braunschweig, Germany
- Research Group Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, AG NIND, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Shirin Hosseini
- Division of Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, Braunschweig, Germany
- Research Group Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, AG NIND, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Henning Peter Düsedeau
- Institute of Inflammation and Neurodegeneration, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Otto-von- Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ildiko Rita Dunay
- Institute of Inflammation and Neurodegeneration, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Otto-von- Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Martin Korte
- Division of Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, Braunschweig, Germany
- Research Group Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, AG NIND, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marta Zagrebelsky
- Division of Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, Braunschweig, Germany
- *Correspondence: Marta Zagrebelsky,
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Salasova A, Monti G, Andersen OM, Nykjaer A. Finding memo: versatile interactions of the VPS10p-Domain receptors in Alzheimer’s disease. Mol Neurodegener 2022; 17:74. [PMID: 36397124 PMCID: PMC9673319 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-022-00576-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The family of VPS10p-Domain (D) receptors comprises five members named SorLA, Sortilin, SorCS1, SorCS2 and SorCS3. While their physiological roles remain incompletely resolved, they have been recognized for their signaling engagements and trafficking abilities, navigating a number of molecules between endosome, Golgi compartments, and the cell surface. Strikingly, recent studies connected all the VPS10p-D receptors to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) development. In addition, they have been also associated with diseases comorbid with AD such as diabetes mellitus and major depressive disorder. This systematic review elaborates on genetic, functional, and mechanistic insights into how dysfunction in VPS10p-D receptors may contribute to AD etiology, AD onset diversity, and AD comorbidities. Starting with their functions in controlling cellular trafficking of amyloid precursor protein and the metabolism of the amyloid beta peptide, we present and exemplify how these receptors, despite being structurally similar, regulate various and distinct cellular events involved in AD. This includes a plethora of signaling crosstalks that impact on neuronal survival, neuronal wiring, neuronal polarity, and synaptic plasticity. Signaling activities of the VPS10p-D receptors are especially linked, but not limited to, the regulation of neuronal fitness and apoptosis via their physical interaction with pro- and mature neurotrophins and their receptors. By compiling the functional versatility of VPS10p-D receptors and their interactions with AD-related pathways, we aim to further propel the AD research towards VPS10p-D receptor family, knowledge that may lead to new diagnostic markers and therapeutic strategies for AD patients.
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6
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Qian L, Rawashdeh O, Kasas L, Milne MR, Garner N, Sankorrakul K, Marks N, Dean MW, Kim PR, Sharma A, Bellingham MC, Coulson EJ. Cholinergic basal forebrain degeneration due to sleep-disordered breathing exacerbates pathology in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6543. [PMID: 36323689 PMCID: PMC9630433 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33624-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Although epidemiological studies indicate that sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) such as obstructive sleep apnea is a strong risk factor for the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the mechanisms of the risk remain unclear. Here we developed a method of modeling SDB in mice that replicates key features of the human condition: altered breathing during sleep, sleep disruption, moderate hypoxemia, and cognitive impairment. When we induced SDB in a familial AD model, the mice displayed exacerbation of cognitive impairment and the pathological features of AD, including increased levels of amyloid-beta and inflammatory markers, as well as selective degeneration of cholinergic basal forebrain neurons. These pathological features were not induced by chronic hypoxia or sleep disruption alone. Our results also revealed that the cholinergic neurodegeneration was mediated by the accumulation of nuclear hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha. Furthermore, restoring blood oxygen levels during sleep to prevent hypoxia prevented the pathological changes induced by the SDB. These findings suggest a signaling mechanism whereby SDB induces cholinergic basal forebrain degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Qian
- grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia ,grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia ,grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Oliver Rawashdeh
- grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Leda Kasas
- grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Michael R. Milne
- grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia ,grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia ,grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Nicholas Garner
- grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Kornraviya Sankorrakul
- grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia ,grid.10223.320000 0004 1937 0490Research Center for Neuroscience, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya, Thailand
| | - Nicola Marks
- grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Matthew W. Dean
- grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Pu Reum Kim
- grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Aanchal Sharma
- grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Mark C. Bellingham
- grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Elizabeth J. Coulson
- grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia ,grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia ,grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia
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7
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Fading memories in aging and neurodegeneration: Is p75 neurotrophin receptor a culprit? Ageing Res Rev 2022; 75:101567. [PMID: 35051645 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases have become one of the major concerns in modern times as cognitive abilities tend to decline when we get older. It is well known that the main cause of this age-related cognitive deficit is due to aberrant changes in cellular, molecular circuitry and signaling pathways underlying synaptic plasticity and neuronal connections. The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) is one of the important mediators regulating the fate of the neurons in the nervous system. Its importance in neuronal apoptosis is well documented. However, the mechanisms involving the regulation of p75NTR in synaptic plasticity and cognitive function remain obscure, although cognitive impairment has been associated with a higher expression of p75NTR in neurons. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of how neurons are influenced by p75NTR function to maintain normal neuronal synaptic strength and connectivity, particularly to support learning and memory in the hippocampus. We then discuss the age-associated alterations in neurophysiological mechanisms of synaptic plasticity and cognitive function. Furthermore, we also describe current evidence that has begun to elucidate how p75NTR regulates synaptic changes in aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases, focusing on the hippocampus. Elucidating the role that p75NTR signaling plays in regulating synaptic plasticity will contribute to a better understanding of cognitive processes and pathological conditions. This will in turn provide novel approaches to improve therapies for the treatment of neurological diseases in which p75NTR dysfunction has been demonstrated.
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8
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In vivo functions of p75 NTR: challenges and opportunities for an emerging therapeutic target. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2021; 42:772-788. [PMID: 34334250 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2021.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) functions at the molecular nexus of cell death, survival, and differentiation. In addition to its contribution to neurodegenerative diseases and nervous system injuries, recent studies have revealed unanticipated roles of p75NTR in liver repair, fibrinolysis, lung fibrosis, muscle regeneration, and metabolism. Linking these various p75NTR functions more precisely to specific mechanisms marks p75NTR as an emerging candidate for therapeutic intervention in a wide range of disorders. Indeed, small molecule inhibitors of p75NTR binding to neurotrophins have shown efficacy in models of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and neurodegeneration. Here, we outline recent advances in understanding p75NTR pleiotropic functions in vivo, and propose an integrated view of p75NTR and its challenges and opportunities as a pharmacological target.
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9
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Ovsepian SV, O'Leary VB, Hoschl C, Zaborszky L. Integrated phylogeny of the human brain and pathobiology of Alzheimer's disease: A unifying hypothesis. Neurosci Lett 2021; 755:135895. [PMID: 33862141 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.135895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The disproportionate evolutionary expansion of the human cerebral cortex with reinforcement of cholinergic innervations warranted a major rise in the functional and metabolic load of the conserved basal forebrain (BF) cholinergic system. Given that acetylcholine (ACh) regulates properties of the microtubule-associated protein (MAP) tau and promotes non-amyloidogenic processing of amyloid precursor protein (APP), growing neocortex predicts higher demands for ACh, while the emerging role of BF cholinergic projections in Aβ clearance infers greater exposure of source neurons and their innervation fields to amyloid pathology. The higher exposure of evolutionary most recent cortical areas to the amyloid pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) with synaptic impairments and atrophy, therefore, might involve attenuated homeostatic effects of BF cholinergic projections, in addition to fall-outs of inherent processes of expanding association areas. This unifying model, thus, views amyloid pathology and loss of cholinergic cells as a quid pro quo of the allometric evolution of the human brain, which in combination with increase in life expectancy overwhelm the fine homeostatic balance and trigger the disease process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saak V Ovsepian
- Department of Experimental Neurobiology, National Institute of Mental Health, Topolová 748, 250 67, Klecany, Czech Republic.
| | - Valerie B O'Leary
- Department of Medical Genetics, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruská 87, 100 00, Praha 10, Czech Republic
| | - Cyril Hoschl
- Department of Experimental Neurobiology, National Institute of Mental Health, Topolová 748, 250 67, Klecany, Czech Republic; Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruská 87, 100 00, Prague 10, Czech Republic
| | - Laszlo Zaborszky
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
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10
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Pathak A, Clark S, Bronfman FC, Deppmann CD, Carter BD. Long-distance regressive signaling in neural development and disease. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2021; 10:e382. [PMID: 32391977 PMCID: PMC7655682 DOI: 10.1002/wdev.382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nervous system development proceeds via well-orchestrated processes involving a balance between progressive and regressive events including stabilization or elimination of axons, synapses, and even entire neurons. These progressive and regressive events are driven by functionally antagonistic signaling pathways with the dominant pathway eventually determining whether a neural element is retained or removed. Many of these developmental sculpting events are triggered by final target innervation necessitating a long-distance mode of communication. While long-distance progressive signaling has been well characterized, particularly for neurotrophic factors, there remains relatively little known about how regressive events are triggered from a distance. Here we discuss the emergent phenomenon of long-distance regressive signaling pathways. In particular, we will cover (a) progressive and regressive cues known to be employed after target innervation, (b) the mechanisms of long-distance signaling from an endosomal platform, (c) recent evidence that long-distance regressive cues emanate from platforms like death receptors or repulsive axon guidance receptors, and (d) evidence that these pathways are exploited in pathological scenarios. This article is categorized under: Nervous System Development > Vertebrates: General Principles Signaling Pathways > Global Signaling Mechanisms Establishment of Spatial and Temporal Patterns > Cytoplasmic Localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Pathak
- Department of Biochemistry and Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Shayla Clark
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Francisca C. Bronfman
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICB), Faculty of Medicine, Faculty of Life Science, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Christopher D. Deppmann
- Departments of Biology, Cell Biology, Biomedical Engineering, and Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Bruce D. Carter
- Department of Biochemistry and Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
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11
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Wang Z, Wu J, Hu Z, Luo C, Wang P, Zhang Y, Li H. Dexmedetomidine Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Kidney Injury by Inhibiting p75NTR-Mediated Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:5454210. [PMID: 33194004 PMCID: PMC7648709 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5454210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and apoptosis play a key role in the pathogenesis of sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (AKI). Dexmedetomidine (DEX) may present renal protective effects in sepsis. Therefore, we studied antioxidant effects and the mechanism of DEX in an inflammatory proximal tubular epithelial cell model and lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced AKI in mice. Methods. We assessed renal function (creatinine, urea nitrogen), histopathology, oxidative stress (malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)), and apoptosis (TUNEL staining and Cleaved caspase-3) in mice. In vitro experiments including Cleaved caspase-3 and p75NTR/p38MAPK/JNK signaling pathways were evaluated using western blot. Reactive oxidative species (ROS) production and apoptosis were determined using flow cytometry. Results. DEX significantly improved renal function and kidney injury and also revert the substantially increased level of MDA concentrations as well as the reduction of the SOD enzyme activity found in LPS-induced AKI mice. In parallel, DEX treatment also reduced the apoptosis and Cleaved caspase-3 expression evoked by LPS. The expression of p75NTR was increased in kidney tissues of mice with AKI but decreased after treatment with DEX. In cultured human renal tubular epithelial cell line (HK-2 cells), DEX inhibited LPS-induced apoptosis and generation of ROS, but this was reversed by overexpression of p75NTR. Furthermore, pretreatment with DEX significantly downregulated phosphorylation of JNK and p38MAPK in LPS-stimulated HK-2 cells, and this effect was abolished by overexpression of p75NTR. Conclusion. DEX ameliorated AKI in mice with sepsis by partially reducing oxidative stress and apoptosis through regulation of p75NTR/p38MAPK/JNK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiali Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaolan Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Cong Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanling Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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12
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Patnaik A, Zagrebelsky M, Korte M, Holz A. Signaling via the p75 neurotrophin receptor facilitates amyloid-β-induced dendritic spine pathology. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13322. [PMID: 32770070 PMCID: PMC7415136 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70153-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Synapse and dendritic spine loss induced by amyloid-β oligomers is one of the main hallmarks of the early phases of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and is directly correlated with the cognitive decline typical of this pathology. The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) binds amyloid-β oligomers in the nM range. While it was shown that µM concentrations of amyloid-β mediate cell death, the role and intracellular signaling of p75NTR for dendritic spine pathology induced by sublethal concentrations of amyloid-β has not been analyzed. We describe here p75NTR as a crucial binding partner in mediating effects of soluble amyloid-β oligomers on dendritic spine density and structure in non-apoptotic hippocampal neurons. Removing or over-expressing p75NTR in neurons rescues or exacerbates the typical loss of dendritic spines and their structural alterations observed upon treatment with nM concentrations of amyloid-β oligomers. Moreover, we show that binding of amyloid-β oligomers to p75NTR activates the RhoA/ROCK signaling cascade resulting in the fast stabilization of the actin spinoskeleton. Our results describe a role for p75NTR and downstream signaling events triggered by binding of amyloid-β oligomers and causing dendritic spine pathology. These observations further our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying one of the main early neuropathological hallmarks of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhisarika Patnaik
- Zoological Institute, Division of Cellular Neurobiology, TU Braunschweig, 38108, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marta Zagrebelsky
- Zoological Institute, Division of Cellular Neurobiology, TU Braunschweig, 38108, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Martin Korte
- Zoological Institute, Division of Cellular Neurobiology, TU Braunschweig, 38108, Braunschweig, Germany
- Group Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, AG NIND, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Andreas Holz
- Group Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, AG NIND, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany.
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13
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Huang YR, Liu RT. The Toxicity and Polymorphism of β-Amyloid Oligomers. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4477. [PMID: 32599696 PMCID: PMC7352971 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
It is widely accepted that β-amyloid oligomers (Aβos) play a key role in the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by inducing neuron damage and cognitive impairment, but Aβos are highly heterogeneous in their size, structure and cytotoxicity, making the corresponding studies tough to carry out. Nevertheless, a number of studies have recently made remarkable progress in the describing the characteristics and pathogenicity of Aβos. We here review the mechanisms by which Aβos exert their neuropathogenesis for AD progression, including receptor binding, cell membrane destruction, mitochondrial damage, Ca2+ homeostasis dysregulation and tau pathological induction. We also summarize the characteristics and pathogenicity such as the size, morphology and cytotoxicity of dimers, trimers, Aβ*56 and spherical oligomers, and suggest that Aβos may play a different role at different phases of AD pathogenesis, resulting in differential consequences on neuronal synaptotoxicity and survival. It is warranted to investigate the temporal sequence of Aβos in AD human brain and examine the relationship between different Aβos and cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-ru Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Rui-tian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
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14
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Meier S, Alfonsi F, Kurniawan ND, Milne MR, Kasherman MA, Delogu A, Piper M, Coulson EJ. The p75 neurotrophin receptor is required for the survival of neuronal progenitors and normal formation of the basal forebrain, striatum, thalamus and neocortex. Development 2019; 146:dev.181933. [PMID: 31488566 DOI: 10.1242/dev.181933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
During development, the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) is widely expressed in the nervous system where it regulates neuronal differentiation, migration and axonal outgrowth. p75NTR also mediates the survival and death of newly born neurons, with functional outcomes being dependent on both timing and cellular context. Here, we show that knockout of p75NTR from embryonic day 10 (E10) in neural progenitors using a conditional Nestin-Cre p75NTR floxed mouse causes increased apoptosis of progenitor cells. By E14.5, the number of Tbr2-positive progenitor cells was significantly reduced and the rate of neurogenesis was halved. Furthermore, in adult knockout mice, there were fewer cortical pyramidal neurons, interneurons, cholinergic basal forebrain neurons and striatal neurons, corresponding to a relative reduction in volume of these structures. Thalamic midline fusion during early postnatal development was also impaired in Nestin-Cre p75NTR floxed mice, indicating a novel role for p75NTR in the formation of this structure. The phenotype of this strain demonstrates that p75NTR regulates multiple aspects of brain development, including cortical progenitor cell survival, and that expression during early neurogenesis is required for appropriate formation of telencephalic structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Meier
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, 4072 Brisbane, Australia
| | - Fabienne Alfonsi
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, 4072 Brisbane, Australia
| | - Nyoman D Kurniawan
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, 4072 Brisbane, Australia
| | - Michael R Milne
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, 4072 Brisbane, Australia
| | - Maria A Kasherman
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, 4122 Brisbane, Australia
| | - Alessio Delogu
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College, London SE5 9RX, UK
| | - Michael Piper
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, 4072 Brisbane, Australia
| | - Elizabeth J Coulson
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, 4072 Brisbane, Australia .,School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, 4072 Brisbane, Australia
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15
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Speidell A, Asuni GP, Avdoshina V, Scognamiglio S, Forcelli P, Mocchetti I. Reversal of Cognitive Impairment in gp120 Transgenic Mice by the Removal of the p75 Neurotrophin Receptor. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:398. [PMID: 31543761 PMCID: PMC6730486 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR), by the proneurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic factor (proBDNF), triggers loss of synapses and promotes neuronal death. These pathological features are also caused by the human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV) envelope protein gp120, which increases the levels of proBDNF. To establish whether p75NTR plays a role in gp120-mediated neurite pruning, we exposed primary cultures of cortical neurons from p75NTR–/– mice to gp120. We found that the lack of p75NTR expression significantly reduced gp120-mediated neuronal cell death. To determine whether knocking down p75NTR is neuroprotective in vivo, we intercrossed gp120 transgenic (tg) mice with p75NTR heterozygous mice to obtain gp120tg mice lacking one or two p75NTR alleles. The removal of p75NTR alleles inhibited gp120-mediated decrease of excitatory synapses in the hippocampus, as measured by the levels of PSD95 and subunits of the N-methyl-D-Aspartate receptor in synaptosomes. Moreover, the deletion of only one copy of the p75NTR gene was sufficient to restore the cognitive impairment observed in gp120tg mice. Our data suggest that activation of p75NTR is one of the mechanisms crucial for the neurotoxic effect of gp120. These data indicate that p75NTR antagonists could provide an adjunct therapy against synaptic simplification caused by HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Speidell
- Laboratory of Preclinical Neurobiology, Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Gino Paolo Asuni
- Laboratory of Preclinical Neurobiology, Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Valeria Avdoshina
- Laboratory of Preclinical Neurobiology, Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Serena Scognamiglio
- Laboratory of Preclinical Neurobiology, Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Patrick Forcelli
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Italo Mocchetti
- Laboratory of Preclinical Neurobiology, Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
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16
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Saadipour K, Tiberi A, Lombardo S, Grajales E, Montroull L, Mañucat-Tan NB, LaFrancois J, Cammer M, Mathews PM, Scharfman HE, Liao FF, Friedman WJ, Zhou XF, Tesco G, Chao MV. Regulation of BACE1 expression after injury is linked to the p75 neurotrophin receptor. Mol Cell Neurosci 2019; 99:103395. [PMID: 31422108 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2019.103395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACE1 is a transmembrane aspartic protease that cleaves various substrates and it is required for normal brain function. BACE1 expression is high during early development, but it is reduced in adulthood. Under conditions of stress and injury, BACE1 levels are increased; however, the underlying mechanisms that drive BACE1 elevation are not well understood. One mechanism associated with brain injury is the activation of injurious p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75), which can trigger pathological signals. Here we report that within 72 h after controlled cortical impact (CCI) or laser injury, BACE1 and p75 are increased and tightly co-expressed in cortical neurons of mouse brain. Additionally, BACE1 is not up-regulated in p75 null mice in response to focal cortical injury, while p75 over-expression results in BACE1 augmentation in HEK-293 and SY5Y cell lines. A luciferase assay conducted in SY5Y cell line revealed that BACE1 expression is regulated at the transcriptional level in response to p75 transfection. Interestingly, this effect does not appear to be dependent upon p75 ligands including mature and pro-neurotrophins. In addition, BACE1 activity on amyloid precursor protein (APP) is enhanced in SY5Y-APP cells transfected with a p75 construct. Lastly, we found that the activation of c-jun n-terminal kinase (JNK) by p75 contributes to BACE1 up-regulation. This study explores how two injury-induced molecules are intimately connected and suggests a potential link between p75 signaling and the expression of BACE1 after brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalil Saadipour
- Departments of Cell Biology, Physiology & Neuroscience, and Psychiatry, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York 10016, USA.
| | - Alexia Tiberi
- Departments of Cell Biology, Physiology & Neuroscience, and Psychiatry, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York 10016, USA; Bio@SNS Laboratory, Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, Pisa, 56126, Italy
| | - Sylvia Lombardo
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Laboratory, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Elena Grajales
- Departments of Cell Biology, Physiology & Neuroscience, and Psychiatry, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York 10016, USA
| | - Laura Montroull
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers Life Sciences Center, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Noralyn B Mañucat-Tan
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - John LaFrancois
- The Nathan Kline Institute of Psychiatric Research, Center for Dementia Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
| | - Michael Cammer
- DART Microscopy Laboratory, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Paul M Mathews
- The Nathan Kline Institute of Psychiatric Research, Center for Dementia Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
| | - Helen E Scharfman
- The Nathan Kline Institute of Psychiatric Research, Center for Dementia Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
| | - Francesca-Fang Liao
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, USA
| | - Wilma J Friedman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers Life Sciences Center, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Xin-Fu Zhou
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Giueseppina Tesco
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Laboratory, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Moses V Chao
- Departments of Cell Biology, Physiology & Neuroscience, and Psychiatry, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York 10016, USA.
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17
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Boskovic Z, Meier S, Wang Y, Milne M, Onraet T, Tedoldi A, Coulson E. Regulation of cholinergic basal forebrain development, connectivity, and function by neurotrophin receptors. Neuronal Signal 2019; 3:NS20180066. [PMID: 32269831 PMCID: PMC7104233 DOI: 10.1042/ns20180066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholinergic basal forebrain (cBF) neurons are defined by their expression of the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) and tropomyosin-related kinase (Trk) neurotrophin receptors in addition to cholinergic markers. It is known that the neurotrophins, particularly nerve growth factor (NGF), mediate cholinergic neuronal development and maintenance. However, the role of neurotrophin signalling in regulating adult cBF function is less clear, although in dementia, trophic signalling is reduced and p75NTR mediates neurodegeneration of cBF neurons. Here we review the current understanding of how cBF neurons are regulated by neurotrophins which activate p75NTR and TrkA, B or C to influence the critical role that these neurons play in normal cortical function, particularly higher order cognition. Specifically, we describe the current evidence that neurotrophins regulate the development of basal forebrain neurons and their role in maintaining and modifying mature basal forebrain synaptic and cortical microcircuit connectivity. Understanding the role neurotrophin signalling plays in regulating the precision of cholinergic connectivity will contribute to the understanding of normal cognitive processes and will likely provide additional ideas for designing improved therapies for the treatment of neurological disease in which cholinergic dysfunction has been demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoran Boskovic
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sonja Meier
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- College of Forensic Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Michael R. Milne
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Tessa Onraet
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Angelo Tedoldi
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Elizabeth J. Coulson
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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