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Xue ZF, Cheng WC, Wang L, Xie YX, Qin P, Shi C. Immobilizing lead in aqueous solution and loess soil using microbially induced carbonate/phosphate precipitation (MICP/MIPP) under harsh pH environments. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 480:135884. [PMID: 39298970 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
The bioaccumulation of heavy metals due to metallurgical and smelting activities threatens human health. Although microbial-induced carbonate/phosphate precipitation (MICP/MIPP) technology has been applied to heavy metal remediation, the relative merits of MICP and MIPP, especially under extreme pH environments, have not yet been documented. In this study, Sporosarcina pasteurii (SP)-based MICP and Bacillus megaterium (BM)-based MIPP were applied to immobilize lead (Pb) in aqueous solution and loess soil. The results showed that the BM retained a strong phosphorolysis ability when under strongly acidic conditions, while the ureolysis ability of SP approached zero. Furthermore, the bioprecipitates obtained under BM-based MIPP had a denser appearance, presumably due to the enrichment of calcite and apatite crystals. The results also showed that Pb immobilization was achieved through bacterial adsorption, the chelate function of sodium glycerophosphate (SGP), large organic matter complexation, and biomineralization through the MICP/MIPP mechanism. Under SP-based MICP, SP and large organic matter immobilized Pb2+ at rates of 17.6 % and 31.7 %, respectively, while under BM-based MIPP, BM, organic matter, and SGP immobilized Pb2+ at rates of 21.5 %, 23.4 %, and 48.5 % respectively. The MICP and MIPP mechanisms dominated Pb immobilization at rates of 78.6 % and 99.6 %, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Fei Xue
- School of Civil Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Space Engineering (XAUAT), Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Wen-Chieh Cheng
- School of Civil Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Space Engineering (XAUAT), Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Lin Wang
- School of Civil Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Space Engineering (XAUAT), Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Yi-Xin Xie
- School of Civil Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Space Engineering (XAUAT), Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Peng Qin
- School of Civil Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Space Engineering (XAUAT), Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Cong Shi
- School of Civil Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Space Engineering (XAUAT), Xi'an 710055, China.
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Xue ZF, Cheng WC, Xie YX, Wang L, Hu W, Zhang B. Investigating immobilization efficiency of Pb in solution and loess soil using bio-inspired carbonate precipitation. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 322:121218. [PMID: 36764377 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) metal accumulation in surrounding environments can cause serious threats to human health, causing liver and kidney function damage. This work explored the potential of applying the MICP technology to remediate Pb-rich water bodies and Pb-contaminated loess soil sites. In the test tube experiments, the Pb immobilization efficiency of above 85% is attained through PbCO3 and Pb(CO3)2(OH)2 precipitation. Notwithstanding that, in the loess soil column tests, the Pb immobilization efficiency decreases with the increase in depth and could be as low as approximately 40% in the deep ground. PbCO3 and Pb(CO3)2(OH)2 precipitation has not been detected as the majority of Pb2+ combines with -OH (hydroxyl group) when subjected to 500 mg/kg Pb2+. The alkaline front promotes the chemisorption of Pb2+ with CO32- reducing the depletion of quartz mineral close to the surface. However, OH- is in shortage in the deep ground retarding the Pb immobilization. The Pb immobilization efficiency thus decreases with the increase in depth. Quartz and albite minerals, when subjected to 16,000 mg/kg Pb2+, appear not to intervene in the chemisorption with Pb2+ where the chemisorption of Pb2+ with CO32- plays a major role in the Pb immobilization. Compared to the nanoscale urease applied to the enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation (EICP) technology, the micrometer scale ureolytic bacteria penetrate into the deep ground with difficulty. The 'size' issue remains to be addressed in near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Fei Xue
- School of Civil Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Space Engineering (XAUAT), Xi'an, 710055, China.
| | - Wen-Chieh Cheng
- School of Civil Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Space Engineering (XAUAT), Xi'an, 710055, China.
| | - Yi-Xin Xie
- School of Civil Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Space Engineering (XAUAT), Xi'an, 710055, China.
| | - Lin Wang
- School of Civil Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Space Engineering (XAUAT), Xi'an, 710055, China.
| | - Wenle Hu
- School of Civil Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Space Engineering (XAUAT), Xi'an, 710055, China.
| | - Bin Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Space Engineering (XAUAT), Xi'an, 710055, China.
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3
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Wang L, Cheng WC, Xue ZF, Zhang B, Lv XJ. Immobilizing of lead and copper using chitosan-assisted enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 319:120947. [PMID: 36581237 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation (EICP) is considered as an environmentally friendly method for immobilizing heavy metals (HMs). The fundamental of the EICP method is to catalyze urea hydrolysis using the urease, discharging CO32- and NH4+. CO32- helps to form carbonates that immobilize HMs afterwards. However, HMs can depress urease activity and reduce the degree of urea hydrolysis. Herein, the potential of applying the chitosan-assisted EICP method to Pb and Cu immobilization was explored. The chitosan addition elevated the degree of urea hydrolysis when subjected to the effect of Cu2+ toxicity where the protective effect, flocculation and adsorption, and the formation of precipitation, play parts in improving the Cu immobilization efficiency. The use of chitosan addition, however, also causes the side effect (copper-ammonia complex formation). Two calcium source additions, CaCl2 and Ca(CH3COO)2, intervened in the test tube experiments not only to prevent pH from raising to values where Cu2+ complexes with NH3 but also to separate the urease enzyme and Cu2+ from each other with the repulsion of charges. The FTIR spectra indicate that the chitosan addition adsorbs Cu2+ through its surface hydroxyl and carboxyl groups, while the SEM images distinguish who the mineral are nucleating with. The findings shed light on the potential of applying the chitosan-assisted EICP method to remedy lead- and copper-rich water bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- School of Civil Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Space Engineering (XAUAT), Xi'an, 710055, China.
| | - Wen-Chieh Cheng
- School of Civil Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Space Engineering (XAUAT), Xi'an, 710055, China.
| | - Zhong-Fei Xue
- School of Civil Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Space Engineering (XAUAT), Xi'an, 710055, China.
| | - Bin Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Space Engineering (XAUAT), Xi'an, 710055, China.
| | - Xin-Jiang Lv
- School of Civil Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Space Engineering (XAUAT), Xi'an, 710055, China.
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4
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Nayab S, Khan M, Cho Y, Lee H. Urease inhibition and anti-leishmanial properties of Zn(II) complexes of thiophenyl and furyl-derived C2-symmetric ligands. J COORD CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2022.2143269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saira Nayab
- Department of Chemistry, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University (SBBU), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Islamic Republic of Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry, Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Momin Khan
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Islamic Republic of Pakistan
| | - Yerim Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyosun Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Bzura J, Korsak D, Koncki R. Bioanalytical insight into the life of microbial populations: A chemical monitoring of ureolytic bacteria growth. Enzyme Microb Technol 2021; 153:109899. [PMID: 34670184 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2021.109899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
In this publication an alternative approach to investigations of bacterial growth is proposed. Contrary to the conventional physical methods it is based on enzyme activity detection. The procedure for real-time and on-line monitoring of microbial ureolytic activity (applied as a model experimental biosystem) in the flow analysis format is presented. The developed fully-mechanized bioanalytical flow system is composed of solenoid micropumps and microvalves actuated by Arduino microcontroller. The photometric detection based on Nessler reaction is performed using dedicated flow-through optoelectronic detector made of paired light emitting diodes. The developed bioanalytical system allows discrete assaying of microbial urease in the wide range of activity up to 5.4 U mL-1 with detection limit below 0.44 U mL-1, a high sensitivity in the linear range of response (up to 200 mV U-1 mL and relatively high throughput (9 detection per hour). The proposed differential procedure of measurements (i.e. a difference between peaks register for sample with and without external addition of urea is treated as an analytical signal) allows elimination of interfering effects from substrate and products of biocatalysed reaction as well as other components of medium used for microbial growth. The developed bioanalytical system was successfully applied for the control of growth of urease-positive bacteria strains (Proteus vulgaris, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Paracoccus yeei) including examination of effects from various microbial cultivation conditions like temperature, composition of culture medium and amount of substrate required for induction of bacterial enzymatic activity. The developed bioanalytical flow system can be applied for metabolic activity-based estimation of parameters of lag and log phases of microbial growth as well as for detection of decline phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Bzura
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, L. Pasteura 1, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Korsak
- Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, I. Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Robert Koncki
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, L. Pasteura 1, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland.
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Tavares MC, Oliveira KA, de Fátima Â, Coltro WKT, Santos JCC. Paper-based analytical device with colorimetric detection for urease activity determination in soils and evaluation of potential inhibitors. Talanta 2021; 230:122301. [PMID: 33934769 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Urease is an enzyme associated with the degradation of urea, an important nitrogen fertilizer in agriculture. Thus, this current report describes the use of a paper-based analytical device (UrePAD) designed to contain a microzone array for colorimetric determination of urease activity in soils in the absence/presence of potential enzyme inhibitors. The UrePAD can be used at the point-of-need (point-of-care), and it offers advantages such as low cost, simplicity in handling, low sample/reagent volumes, and no use of toxic reagents. The acid-base indicator phenol red was used to monitor the urea hydrolysis reaction catalyzed by urease in the evaluated systems. The images were digitalized in a bench scanner, and the analysis was performed using Corel Draw X8 software. The device offered a LOD of 0.10 U mL-1 with linearity between 0.25 and 4.0 U mL-1 and a relative standard deviation ≤ 1.38%. UrePAD was tested in four soil samples of different characteristics and with eight urease inhibitors of varied classes. The results obtained through the proposed device did not differ statistically (95% confidence interval) from those employing the classic method based on the Berthelot reaction, thus indicating that UrePAD was effective for determining urease activity and screening inhibitors, besides showing the capacity to simplify fieldwork involving the application of urea in the soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Célia Tavares
- Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Campus A.C. Simões, 57072-900, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | | | - Ângelo de Fátima
- Departmento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Wendell K T Coltro
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO 74690-900, Brazil.
| | - Josué Carinhanha Caldas Santos
- Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Campus A.C. Simões, 57072-900, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil.
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Shah SR, Shah Z, Khiat M, Halim SA, Khan A, Hussain J, Csuk R, Anwar MU, Al‐Harrasi A. New s‐block complexes of 1,10‐phenanthroline and 1,3‐benzothizole‐2‐thiolate inhibit urease
in silico
and
in vitro. Appl Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Syed Raza Shah
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre University of Nizwa Birkat Almouz 616 Birkat Almouz Oman
- Department of Chemistry Bacha Khan University Charsadda Charsadda Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 24420 Pakistan
| | - Zarbad Shah
- Department of Chemistry Bacha Khan University Charsadda Charsadda Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 24420 Pakistan
| | - Mohammed Khiat
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre University of Nizwa Birkat Almouz 616 Birkat Almouz Oman
| | - Sobia A. Halim
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre University of Nizwa Birkat Almouz 616 Birkat Almouz Oman
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre University of Nizwa Birkat Almouz 616 Birkat Almouz Oman
| | - Javid Hussain
- Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry University of Nizwa Birkat Almouz Oman
| | - Rene Csuk
- Organic Chemistry Martin‐Luther‐University Halle‐Wittenberg Kurt‐Mothes‐Strasse 2 Halle (Saale) 06120 Germany
| | - Muhammad U. Anwar
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre University of Nizwa Birkat Almouz 616 Birkat Almouz Oman
| | - Ahmed Al‐Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre University of Nizwa Birkat Almouz 616 Birkat Almouz Oman
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8
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Shah SR, Shah Z, Khiat M, Khan A, Hill LR, Khan S, Hussain J, Csuk R, Anwar MU, Al-Harrasi A. Complexes of N- and O-Donor Ligands as Potential Urease Inhibitors. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:10200-10206. [PMID: 32391508 PMCID: PMC7203987 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We report five new transition-metal complexes that inhibit the urease enzyme. Barbituric acid (BTA), thiobarbituric acid (TBA), isoniazid (INZ), and nicotinamide (NCA) ligands were employed in complexation reactions. The resulting complexes were characterized using a variety of analytical techniques including infra-red and UV-vis spectroscopy, 1H NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. We describe two mononuclear complexes with a general formula {[M(NCA)2(H2O)4](BTA)2(H2O)}, where M = Co (1) and Zn (2), a mononuclear complex {[Ni(NCA)2(H2O)4](TBA)2(H2O)} (3), and two polymeric chains of a general formula {[M(INZ) (H2O)3](BTA)2(H2O)3}, where M = Co (4) and Zn (5). These complexes displayed significant urease enzyme inhibition with IC50 values in the range of 3.9-19.9 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Raza Shah
- Natural
and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University
of Nizwa, Birkat Almouz, Nizwa 616, Oman
- Department
of Chemistry, Bacha Khan University Charsadda, Charsadda 24420 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Zarbad Shah
- Department
of Chemistry, Bacha Khan University Charsadda, Charsadda 24420 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Mohammed Khiat
- Natural
and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University
of Nizwa, Birkat Almouz, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural
and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University
of Nizwa, Birkat Almouz, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Leila R. Hill
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Shakeel Khan
- Department
of Chemistry, Bacha Khan University Charsadda, Charsadda 24420 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Javid Hussain
- Department
of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, University
of Nizwa, Birkat Almouz, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - René Csuk
- Organic
Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, Halle (Saale) d-06120, Germany
| | - Muhammad U. Anwar
- Natural
and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University
of Nizwa, Birkat Almouz, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural
and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University
of Nizwa, Birkat Almouz, Nizwa 616, Oman
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Bzura J, Koncki R. A mechanized urease activity assay. Enzyme Microb Technol 2019; 123:1-7. [PMID: 30686345 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Two fully mechanized flow analysis systems for urease activity assays have been developed, characterized and compared. Both of them are based on almost the same compact system of solenoid micropumps and microvalves controlled and actuated by highly effective, low-power and economic Arduino microcontroller. For photometric detection of ammonia formed in the course of enzymatic hydrolysis of urea, the Berthelot method and the Nessler reaction have been examined. For both these detection schemes very simple dedicated optoelectronic flow-through detectors made of paired light emitting diodes have been developed. In both systems single enzyme assay lasting a few minutes allows determination of urease in activity range 0.02-5.3 U mL-1 with detection limit 0.02 U mL-1 and in 1.3-5.3 U mL-1 range with 0.75 U mL-1 detection limit for Nessler reaction and Berthelot method based systems, respectively. When compared with mechanized Berthelot method, the bioanalytical system based on Nessler reaction offers higher sensitivity, lower detection/determination limits, better selectivity and lower cost of the assay. It has been demonstrated that the developed bioanalytical flow systems could be useful for urease determination in complex biological matrix like plant extracts and media for microbial cultures as well as for inhibitive determination of heavy metals at sub-ppm levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Bzura
- University of Warsaw, Faculty of Chemistry, L. Pasteura 1, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Robert Koncki
- University of Warsaw, Faculty of Chemistry, L. Pasteura 1, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
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