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Haystead J, Gilmour K, Sherry A, Dade-Robertson M, Zhang M. Effect of (in)organic additives on microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation. J Appl Microbiol 2024; 135:lxad309. [PMID: 38111211 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxad309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to understand the morphological effects of (in)organic additives on microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP). METHODS AND RESULTS MICP was monitored in real time in the presence of (in)organic additives: bovine serum albumin (BSA), biofilm surface layer protein A (BslA), magnesium chloride (MgCl2), and poly-l-lysine. This monitoring was carried out using confocal microscopy to observe the formation of CaCO3 from the point of nucleation, in comparison to conditions without additives. Complementary methodologies, namely scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction, were employed to assess the visual morphology, elemental composition, and crystalline structures of CaCO3, respectively, following the crystals' formation. The results demonstrated that in the presence of additives, more CaCO3 crystals were produced at 100 min compared to the reaction without additives. The inclusion of BslA resulted in larger crystals than reactions containing other additives, including MgCl2. BSA induced a significant number of crystals from the early stages of the reaction (20 min) but did not have a substantial impact on crystal size compared to conditions without additives. All additives led to a higher content of calcite compared to vaterite after a 24-h reaction, with the exception of MgCl2, which produced a substantial quantity of magnesium calcite. CONCLUSIONS The work demonstrates the effect of several (in)organic additives on MICP and sets the stage for further research to understand additive effects on MICP to achieve controlled CaCO3 precipitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Haystead
- Hub for Biotechnology in the Built Environment, Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Ellison Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, United Kingdom
| | - Katie Gilmour
- Hub for Biotechnology in the Built Environment, Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Ellison Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, United Kingdom
| | - Angela Sherry
- Hub for Biotechnology in the Built Environment, Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Ellison Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, United Kingdom
| | - Martyn Dade-Robertson
- Hub for Biotechnology in the Built Environment, School of Architecture, Planning and Landscape, The Quadrangle, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
- Hub for Biotechnology in the Built Environment, Department of Architecture and Built Environment, Northumbria University, NE1 8ST, United Kingdom
| | - Meng Zhang
- Hub for Biotechnology in the Built Environment, Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Ellison Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, United Kingdom
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Carter MS, Tuttle MJ, Mancini JA, Martineau R, Hung CS, Gupta MK. Microbially Induced Calcium Carbonate Precipitation by Sporosarcina pasteurii: a Case Study in Optimizing Biological CaCO 3 Precipitation. Appl Environ Microbiol 2023; 89:e0179422. [PMID: 37439668 PMCID: PMC10467343 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01794-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Current production of traditional concrete requires enormous energy investment that accounts for approximately 5 to 8% of the world's annual CO2 production. Biocement is a building material that is already in industrial use and has the potential to rival traditional concrete as a more convenient and more environmentally friendly alternative. Biocement relies on biological structures (enzymes, cells, and/or cellular superstructures) to mineralize and bind particles in aggregate materials (e.g., sand and soil particles). Sporosarcina pasteurii is a workhorse organism for biocementation, but most research to date has focused on S. pasteurii as a building material rather than a biological system. In this review, we synthesize available materials science, microbiology, biochemistry, and cell biology evidence regarding biological CaCO3 precipitation and the role of microbes in microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) with a focus on S. pasteurii. Based on the available information, we provide a model that describes the molecular and cellular processes involved in converting feedstock material (urea and Ca2+) into cement. The model provides a foundational framework that we use to highlight particular targets for researchers as they proceed into optimizing the biology of MICP for biocement production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S. Carter
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate Air Force Research Lab, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio, USA
- Biological and Nanoscale Technologies Division, UES, Inc., Dayton, Ohio, USA
| | - Matthew J. Tuttle
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate Air Force Research Lab, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio, USA
- Biological and Nanoscale Technologies Division, UES, Inc., Dayton, Ohio, USA
| | - Joshua A. Mancini
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate Air Force Research Lab, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio, USA
- Biological and Nanoscale Technologies Division, UES, Inc., Dayton, Ohio, USA
| | - Rhett Martineau
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate Air Force Research Lab, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio, USA
- Biological and Nanoscale Technologies Division, UES, Inc., Dayton, Ohio, USA
| | - Chia-Suei Hung
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate Air Force Research Lab, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio, USA
| | - Maneesh K. Gupta
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate Air Force Research Lab, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio, USA
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Zeng Y, Chen Z, Lyu Q, Cheng Y, Huan C, Jiang X, Yan Z, Tan Z. Microbiologically induced calcite precipitation for in situ stabilization of heavy metals contributes to land application of sewage sludge. J Hazard Mater 2023; 441:129866. [PMID: 36063711 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Microbiologically induced calcite precipitation (MICP) has shed new light on solving the problem of in situ stabilization of heavy metals (HMs) in sewage sludge before land disposal. In this study, we examined whether MICP treatment can be integrated into a sewage sludge anaerobic digestion-land application process. Our results showed that MICP treatment not only prevented the transfer of ionic-state Cd from the sludge to the supernatant (98.46 % immobilization efficiency) but also reduced the soluble exchangeable Pb and Cd fractions by up to 100 % and 48.54 % and increased the residual fractions by 22.54 % and 81.77 %, respectively. In addition, the analysis of the stability of HMs in MICP-treated sludge revealed maximum reductions of 100 % and 89.56 % for TCLP-extractable Pb and Cd, respectively. Three-dimensional fluorescence, scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analyses confirmed the excellent performance of the ureolytic bacteria Sporosarcina ureilytica ML-2 in the sludge system. High-throughput sequencing showed that the relative abundance of Sporosarcina sp. reached 53.18 % in MICP-treated sludge, and the urease metabolism functional genes unit increased by a maximum of 239.3 %. The MICP technology may be a feasible method for permanently stabilizing HMs in sewage sludge before land disposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Zezhi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Qingyang Lyu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Yapeng Cheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Chenchen Huan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Xinru Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Zhiying Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
| | - Zhouliang Tan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, PR China
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Tang G, Jia C, Wang G, Yu P, Zhang H. Role of Na-Montmorillonite on Microbially Induced Calcium Carbonate Precipitation. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26206211. [PMID: 34684789 PMCID: PMC8538570 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26206211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of additives has generated significant attention due to their extensive application in the microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) process. This study aims to discuss the effects of Na-montmorillonite (Na-MMT) on CaCO3 crystallization and sandy soil consolidation through the MICP process. Compared with the traditional MICP method, a larger amount of CaCO3 precipitate was obtained. Moreover, the reaction of Ca2+ ions was accelerated, and bacteria were absorbed by a small amount of Na-MMT. Meanwhile, an increase in the total cementing solution (TCS) was not conducive to the previous reaction. This problem was solved by conducting the reaction with Na-MMT. The polymorphs and morphologies of the CaCO3 precipitates were tested by using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Further, when Na-MMT was used, the morphology of CaCO3 changed from an individual precipitate to agglomerations of the precipitate. Compared to the experiments without Na-MMT in the MICP process, the addition of Na-MMT significantly reduced the hydraulic conductivity (HC) of sandy soil consolidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guowang Tang
- School of Engineering and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China; (G.T.); (G.W.); (P.Y.); (H.Z.)
| | - Cangqin Jia
- School of Engineering and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China; (G.T.); (G.W.); (P.Y.); (H.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Deep Geodrilling Technology, Ministry of Land and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Guihe Wang
- School of Engineering and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China; (G.T.); (G.W.); (P.Y.); (H.Z.)
| | - Peizhi Yu
- School of Engineering and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China; (G.T.); (G.W.); (P.Y.); (H.Z.)
| | - Haonan Zhang
- School of Engineering and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China; (G.T.); (G.W.); (P.Y.); (H.Z.)
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Abstract
Microbial-induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) is a biological process inducing biomineralization of CaCO3. This can be used to form a solid, concrete-like material. To be able to use MICP successfully to produce solid materials, it is important to understand the formation process of the material in detail. It is well known that crystallization surfaces can influence the precipitation process. Therefore, we present in this contribution a systematic study investigating the influence of calcite seeds on the MICP process. We focus on the changes in the pH and changes of the optical density (OD) signal measured with absorption spectroscopy to analyze the precipitation process. Furthermore, optical microscopy was used to visualize the precipitation processes in the sample and connect them to changes in the pH and OD. We show, that there is a significant difference in the pH evolution between samples with and without calcite seeds present and that the shape of the pH evolution and the changes in OD can give detailed information about the mineral precipitation and transformations. In the presented experiments we show, that amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) can also precipitate in the presence of initial calcite seeds and this can have implications for consolidated MICP materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Zehner
- Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Anja Røyne
- The Njord Centre, Department of Physics, University of Oslo (UiO), Oslo, Norway
| | - Pawel Sikorski
- Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
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Ma L, Pang AP, Luo Y, Lu X, Lin F. Beneficial factors for biomineralization by ureolytic bacterium Sporosarcina pasteurii. Microb Cell Fact 2020; 19:12. [PMID: 31973723 PMCID: PMC6979283 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-020-1281-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ureolytic bacterium Sporosarcina pasteurii is well-known for its capability of microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP), representing a great potential in constructional engineering and material applications. However, the molecular mechanism for its biomineralization remains unresolved, as few studies were carried out. RESULTS The addition of urea into the culture medium provided an alkaline environment that is suitable for S. pasteurii. As compared to S. pasteurii cultivated without urea, S. pasteurii grown with urea showed faster growth and urease production, better shape, more negative surface charge and higher biomineralization ability. To survive the unfavorable growth environment due to the absence of urea, S. pasteurii up-regulated the expression of genes involved in urease production, ATPase synthesis and flagella, possibly occupying resources that can be deployed for MICP. As compared to non-mineralizing bacteria, S. pasteurii exhibited more negative cell surface charge for binding calcium ions and more robust cell structure as nucleation sites. During MICP process, the genes for ATPase synthesis in S. pasteurii was up-regulated while genes for urease production were unchanged. Interestingly, genes involved in flagella were down-regulated during MICP, which might lead to poor mobility of S. pasteurii. Meanwhile, genes in fatty acid degradation pathway were inhibited to maintain the intact cell structure found in calcite precipitation. Both weak mobility and intact cell structure are advantageous for S. pasteurii to serve as nucleation sites during MICP. CONCLUSIONS Four factors are demonstrated to benefit the super performance of S. pasteurii in MICP. First, the good correlation of biomass growth and urease production of S. pasteurii provides sufficient biomass and urease simultaneously for improved biomineralization. Second, the highly negative cell surface charge of S. pasteurii is good for binding calcium ions. Third, the robust cell structure and fourth, the weak mobility, are key for S. pasteurii to be nucleation sites during MICP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Ai-Ping Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongsheng Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaolin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Fengming Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
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Fang C, Achal V. Biostimulation of calcite precipitation process by bacterial community in improving cement stabilized rammed earth as sustainable material. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:7719-7727. [PMID: 31363824 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10024-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Rammed earth has been enjoying a renaissance as sustainable construction material with cement stabilized rammed earth (CSRE). At the same time, it is important to convert CSRE to be a stronger, durable, and environment-friendly building material. Bacterial application is established to improve cementitious materials; however, bioaugmentation is not widely acceptable by engineering communities. Hence, the present study is an attempt applying biostimulation approach to develop CSRE as sustainable construction material. Results showed that biostimulation improved the compressive strength of CSRE by 29.6% and resulted in 27.7% lower water absorption compared to control. The process leading to biocementation in improving CSRE was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectrometer. Further, Illumina MiSeq sequencing was used to investigate changes in bacterial community structures after biostimulation that identified majority of ureolytic bacteria dominated by phylum Firmicutes and genus Sporosarcina playing role in biocementation. The results open a way applying biological principle that will be acceptable to a wide range of civil engineers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaolin Fang
- Environmental Engineering Program, Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Varenyam Achal
- Environmental Engineering Program, Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, 515063, China.
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8
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Abstract
Microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) is a potential method for improvement of soil. A laboratory study was conducted to investigate the influence of temperatures for soil improvement by MICP. The ureolytic activity experiments, MICP experiments in aqueous solution and sand column using Sporosarcina pasteurii were conducted at different temperatures(10, 15, 20, 25 and 30°C). The results showed there were microbially induced CaCO3 precipitation at all the temperatures from 10 to 30°C. The results of ureolytic activity experiments showed that the bacterial had higher ureolytic activity at high temperatures within the early 20 hours, however, the ureolytic activity at higher temperatures decreased more quickly than at lower temperatures. The results of MICP experiments in aqueous solution and sand column were consistent with tests of ureolytic activity. Within 20 to 50 hours of the start of the test, more CaCO3 precipitation was precipitated at higher temperature, subsequently, the precipitation rate of all experiments decreased, and the higher the temperature, the faster the precipitation rate dropped. The final precipitation amount of CaCO3 in aqueous solution and sand column tests at 10 °C was 92% and 37% higher than that at 30 °C. The maximum unconfined compressive strength of MICP treated sand column at 10 °C was 135% higher than that at 30 °C. The final treatment effect of MICP at lower temperature was better than that at high temperature within the temperature range studied. The reason for better treatment effect at lower temperatures was due to the longer retention time of ureolytic activity of bacteria at lower temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Peng
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Geomechanics and Embankment Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Geotechnical Research Institute, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Zhiming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Geomechanics and Embankment Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Geotechnical Research Institute, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Wang M, Wu S, Guo J, Zhang X, Yang Y, Chen F, Zhu R. Immobilization of cadmium by hydroxyapatite converted from microbial precipitated calcite. J Hazard Mater 2019; 366:684-693. [PMID: 30580143 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.12.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
As one of the most toxic heavy elements, humans are mainly exposed to cadmium (Cd) via daily diets and smoking. Calcite can be used as an amendment directly or precipitated in situ based on microbial-induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) technology to immobilize Cd in soil with potential release of Cd due to calcite dissolution. Therefore, we converted microbial-induced calcite to less soluble hydroxyapatite and investigated the phase and morphology evolutions of the solids, as well as the immobilized efficiency, distribution and release of Cd. The results showed that the conversion of calcite to hydroxyapatite enhanced Cd removal efficiency up to 1.67% and 33.14% compared to the MICP process and adsorption by calcite, respectively. Accordingly, the released Cd decreased up to 94.10% and 99.96%, respectively. Our findings demonstrated that the conversion of calcite to hydroxyapatite might control the environmental behavior of heavy metals like Cd and can potentially be applied for soil remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maolin Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 511 Kehua Street, 510640 Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 511 Kehua Street, 510640 Guangzhou, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Shijun Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 511 Kehua Street, 510640 Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 511 Kehua Street, 510640 Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jianan Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 511 Kehua Street, 510640 Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 511 Kehua Street, 510640 Guangzhou, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 511 Kehua Street, 510640 Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 511 Kehua Street, 510640 Guangzhou, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Yongqiang Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 511 Kehua Street, 510640 Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 511 Kehua Street, 510640 Guangzhou, China
| | - Fanrong Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 511 Kehua Street, 510640 Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 511 Kehua Street, 510640 Guangzhou, China
| | - Runliang Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 511 Kehua Street, 510640 Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 511 Kehua Street, 510640 Guangzhou, China
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10
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Kirkland CM, Zanetti S, Grunewald E, Walsh DO, Codd SL, Phillips AJ. Detecting Microbially Induced Calcite Precipitation in a Model Well-Bore Using Downhole Low-Field NMR. Environ Sci Technol 2017; 51:1537-1543. [PMID: 27997145 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b04833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP) has been widely researched recently due to its relevance for subsurface engineering applications including sealing leakage pathways and permeability modification. These applications of MICP are inherently difficult to monitor nondestructively in time and space. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) can characterize the pore size distributions, porosity, and permeability of subsurface formations. This investigation used a low-field NMR well-logging probe to monitor MICP in a sand-filled bioreactor, measuring NMR signal amplitude and T2 relaxation over an 8 day experimental period. Following inoculation with the ureolytic bacteria, Sporosarcina pasteurii, and pulsed injections of urea and calcium substrate, the NMR measured water content in the reactor decreased to 76% of its initial value. T2 relaxation distributions bifurcated from a single mode centered about approximately 650 ms into a fast decaying population (T2 less than 10 ms) and a larger population with T2 greater than 1000 ms. The combination of changes in pore volume and surface minerology accounts for the changes in the T2 distributions. Destructive sampling confirmed final porosity was approximately 88% of the original value. These results indicate the low-field NMR well-logging probe is sensitive to the physical and chemical changes caused by MICP in a laboratory bioreactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M Kirkland
- Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University , Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Montana State University , Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
| | - Sam Zanetti
- Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University , Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
| | - Elliot Grunewald
- Vista Clara Inc. , 12201 Cyrus Way Ste. 104, Mukilteo, Washington 98275, United States
| | - David O Walsh
- Vista Clara Inc. , 12201 Cyrus Way Ste. 104, Mukilteo, Washington 98275, United States
| | - Sarah L Codd
- Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University , Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Montana State University , Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
| | - Adrienne J Phillips
- Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University , Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
- Department of Civil Engineering, Montana State University , Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
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11
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Mugwar AJ, Harbottle MJ. Toxicity effects on metal sequestration by microbially-induced carbonate precipitation. J Hazard Mater 2016; 314:237-248. [PMID: 27136729 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Biological precipitation of metallic contaminants has been explored as a remedial technology for contaminated groundwater systems. However, metal toxicity and availability limit the activity and remedial potential of bacteria. We report the ability of a bacterium, Sporosarcina pasteurii, to remove metals in aerobic aqueous systems through carbonate formation. Its ability to survive and grow in increasingly concentrated aqueous solutions of zinc, cadmium, lead and copper is explored, with and without a metal precipitation mechanism. In the presence of metal ions alone, bacterial growth was inhibited at a range of concentrations depending on the metal. Microbial activity in a urea-amended medium caused carbonate ion generation and pH elevation, providing conditions suitable for calcium carbonate bioprecipitation, and consequent removal of metal ions. Elevation of pH and calcium precipitation are shown to be strongly linked to removal of zinc and cadmium, but only partially linked to removal of lead and copper. The dependence of these effects on interactions between the respective metal and precipitated calcium carbonate are discussed. Finally, it is shown that the bacterium operates at higher metal concentrations in the presence of the urea-amended medium, suggesting that the metal removal mechanism offers a defence against metal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed J Mugwar
- Cardiff School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Queen's Buildings, The Parade, Cardiff CF24 3AA, United Kingdom; College of Engineering, Al-Muthanna University, Samawah, Iraq
| | - Michael J Harbottle
- Cardiff School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Queen's Buildings, The Parade, Cardiff CF24 3AA, United Kingdom.
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Phillips AJ, Cunningham AB, Gerlach R, Hiebert R, Hwang C, Lomans BP, Westrich J, Mantilla C, Kirksey J, Esposito R, Spangler L. Fracture Sealing with Microbially-Induced Calcium Carbonate Precipitation: A Field Study. Environ Sci Technol 2016; 50:4111-4117. [PMID: 26911511 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b05559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A primary environmental risk from unconventional oil and gas development or carbon sequestration is subsurface fluid leakage in the near wellbore environment. A potential solution to remediate leakage pathways is to promote microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) to plug fractures and reduce permeability in porous materials. The advantage of microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) over cement-based sealants is that the solutions used to promote MICP are aqueous. MICP solutions have low viscosities compared to cement, facilitating fluid transport into the formation. In this study, MICP was promoted in a fractured sandstone layer within the Fayette Sandstone Formation 340.8 m below ground surface using conventional oil field subsurface fluid delivery technologies (packer and bailer). After 24 urea/calcium solution and 6 microbial (Sporosarcina pasteurii) suspension injections, the injectivity was decreased (flow rate decreased from 1.9 to 0.47 L/min) and a reduction in the in-well pressure falloff (>30% before and 7% after treatment) was observed. In addition, during refracturing an increase in the fracture extension pressure was measured as compared to before MICP treatment. This study suggests MICP is a promising tool for sealing subsurface fractures in the near wellbore environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne J Phillips
- Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University , RM 366 EPS Building, Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
| | - Alfred B Cunningham
- Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University , RM 366 EPS Building, Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
| | - Robin Gerlach
- Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University , RM 366 EPS Building, Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
| | - Randy Hiebert
- Montana Emergent Technologies , 160 W. Granite Street, Butte, Montana 59701, United States
| | - Chiachi Hwang
- Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University , RM 366 EPS Building, Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
| | - Bartholomeus P Lomans
- Shell Global Solution International B.V. , Kessler Park 1, 2288 GS Rijswijk, The Netherlands
| | - Joseph Westrich
- Shell International Exploration and Production Inc. 3333 Highway 6 South, Houston, Texas 77025, United States
| | - Cesar Mantilla
- Shell International Exploration and Production Inc. 3333 Highway 6 South, Houston, Texas 77025, United States
| | - Jim Kirksey
- Loudon Technical Services LLC , 1611 Loudon Heights Road, Charleston, West Virginia 25314, United States
| | - Richard Esposito
- Southern Company , P.O. Box 2641, BIN 14N-8195, Birmingham, Alabama 35291-8195, United States
| | - Lee Spangler
- Energy Research Institute, Montana State University , P.O. Box 172465, Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
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Cuthbert MO, McMillan LA, Handley-Sidhu S, Riley MS, Tobler DJ, Phoenix VR. A field and modeling study of fractured rock permeability reduction using microbially induced calcite precipitation. Environ Sci Technol 2013; 47:13637-13643. [PMID: 24147737 DOI: 10.1021/es402601g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP) offers an attractive alternative to traditional grouting technologies for creating barriers to groundwater flow and containing subsurface contamination, but has only thus far been successfully demonstrated at the laboratory scale and predominantly in porous media. We present results of the first field experiments applying MICP to reduce fractured rock permeability in the subsurface. Initially, the ureolytic bacterium, Sporosarcina pasteurii, was fixed in the fractured rock. Subsequent injection of cementing fluid comprising calcium chloride and urea resulted in precipitation of large quantities (approximately 750 g) of calcite; significant reduction in the transmissivity of a single fracture over an area of several m(2) was achieved in around 17 h of treatment. A novel numerical model is also presented which simulates the field data well by coupling flow and bacterial and solute reactive transport processes including feedback due to aperture reduction via calcite precipitation. The results show that MICP can be successfully manipulated under field conditions to reduce the permeability of fractured rock and suggest that an MICP-based technique, informed by numerical models, may form the basis of viable solutions to aid pollution mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark O Cuthbert
- Water Sciences (Hydrogeology), School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham , Birmingham, B15 2TT, U.K.
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14
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Martin D, Dodds K, Ngwenya BT, Butler IB, Elphick SC. Inhibition of Sporosarcina pasteurii under anoxic conditions: implications for subsurface carbonate precipitation and remediation via ureolysis. Environ Sci Technol 2012; 46:8351-8355. [PMID: 22774923 DOI: 10.1021/es3015875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The use of Sporosarcina pasteurii to precipitate calcium carbonate in the anoxic subsurface via ureolysis has been proposed for reducing porosity and sealing fractures in rocks. Here we show that S. pasteurii is unable to grow anaerobically and that the ureolytic activity previously shown under anoxic conditions is a consequence of the urease enzyme already present in the cells of the aerobically grown inoculum. The implications are discussed, suggesting that de novo synthesis of urease under anoxic conditions is not possible and that ureolysis may decline over time without repeated injection of S. pasteurii as the urease enzyme degrades and/or becomes inhibited. Augmentation with a different ureolytic species that is able to grow anaerobically or stimulation of natural communities may be preferable for carbonate precipitation over the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek Martin
- School of Geosciences, Grant Institute, University of Edinburgh, The Kings Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3JW, United Kingdom.
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15
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Okwadha GDO, Li J. Biocontainment of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) on flat concrete surfaces by microbial carbonate precipitation. J Environ Manage 2011; 92:2860-2864. [PMID: 21696884 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2011.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2011] [Revised: 05/23/2011] [Accepted: 05/28/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a biosealant obtained from microbial carbonate precipitation (MCP) was evaluated as an alternative to an epoxy-coating system. A bacterium Sporosarcina pasteurii strain ATCC 11859, which metabolizes urea and precipitates calcite in a calcium-rich environment, was used in this study to generate the biosealant on a PCB-contaminated concrete surface. Concrete cylinders measuring 3 in (76.2 mm) by 6 in (152.4 mm) were made in accordance with ASTM C33 and C192 and used for this purpose. The PCB, urea, Ca(2+), and bacterial cell concentrations were set at 10 ppm, 666 mM, 250 mM, and about 2.1 × 10(8) cells mL(-1), respectively. The results indicate that the biosealed surfaces reduced water permeability by 1-5 orders of magnitude, and had a high resistance to carbonation. Since the MCP biosealant is thermally stable under temperatures of up to 840 °C, the high temperatures that normally exist in the surrounding equipment, which may contain PCB-based fluids, have no effect on the biosealed surfaces. Consequently, there is greater potential to obtain a stronger, coherent, and durable surface by MCP. No measurable amount of PCBs was detected in the permeating water, indicating that the leaching water, if any, will have a minimum impact on the surrounding environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- George D O Okwadha
- Department of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA.
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Zhang Z, Srichuwong S, Kobayashi T, Arakane M, Park JY, Tokuyasu K. Bioconversion of L-arabinose and other carbohydrates from plant cell walls to alpha-glucan by a soil bacterium, Sporosarcina sp. N52. Bioresour Technol 2010; 101:9734-9741. [PMID: 20728349 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.07.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2010] [Revised: 07/22/2010] [Accepted: 07/22/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A Gram-positive bacterium, N52, that produces intracellular glucan from l-arabinose, was isolated from soil and identified as Sporosarcina sp. according to rRNA gene sequence analysis and physiological/biochemical characterizations. Glucan production by N52 increased significantly in the exponential phase of aerobic liquid culture and was maintained at the highest level during the stationary phase, reaching 37.0% of the cell dry weight. The glucan was also produced from other tested sugars originating from plant cell walls and was composed exclusively of alpha-1,4- and alpha-1,6-glucosidic linkages. When distillery waste was treated with N52 for 72 h, the total organic carbon (TOC), chemical oxygen demand and biochemical oxygen demand were reduced by 42.6%, 45.9% and 82.5%, respectively. Bacterial cells accumulated 31.9% of glucan per cell dry weight, fixing 16.0% of the TOC in the soluble fraction. Thus, this strain could provide us with a new process for waste management, including the bioconversion of organic materials to the valuable byproduct, alpha-glucan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilian Zhang
- Food Resource Division, National Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 2-1-12, Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
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Okwadha GDO, Li J. Optimum conditions for microbial carbonate precipitation. Chemosphere 2010; 81:1143-8. [PMID: 20947128 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.09.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2010] [Revised: 09/21/2010] [Accepted: 09/22/2010] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The type of bacteria, bacterial cell concentration, initial urea concentration, reaction temperature, the initial Ca(2+) concentration, ionic strength, and the pH of the media are some factors that control the activity of the urease enzyme, and may have a significant impact on microbial carbonate precipitation (MCP). Factorial experiments were designed based on these factors to determine the optimum conditions that take into consideration economic advantage while at the same time giving quality results. Sporosarcina pasteurii strain ATCC 11859 was used at constant temperature (25°C) and ionic strength with varying amounts of urea, Ca(2+), and bacterial cell concentration. The results indicate that the rate of ureolysis (k(urea)) increases with bacterial cell concentration, and the bacterial cell concentration had a greater influence on k(urea) than initial urea concentration. At 25 mM Ca(2+) concentration, increasing bacterial cell concentration from 10(6) to 10(8)cells mL⁻¹ increased the CaCO(3) precipitated and CO(2) sequestrated by over 30%. However, when the Ca(2+) concentration was increased 10-fold to 250 mM Ca(2+), the amount of CaCO(3) precipitated and CO(2) sequestrated increased by over 100% irrespective of initial urea concentration. Consequently, the optimum conditions for MCP under our experimental conditions were 666 mM urea and 250 mM Ca(2+) at 2.3×10⁸ cells mL⁻¹ bacterial cell concentration. However, a greater CaCO(3) deposition is achievable with higher concentrations of urea, Ca(2+), and bacterial cells so long as the respective quantities are within their economic advantage. X-ray Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersive X-ray analyzes confirmed that the precipitate formed was CaCO(3) and composed of predominantly calcite crystals with little vaterite crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- George D O Okwadha
- Department of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA.
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