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Al-Hello H, Blomqvist S, Savolainen-Kopra C. Commentary: Risk factors and early markers for echovirus type 11 associated haemorrhage-hepatitis syndrome in neonates, a retrospective cohort study. Front Pediatr 2024; 12:1338097. [PMID: 38590766 PMCID: PMC10999565 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1338097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Haider Al-Hello
- Expert Microbiology Unit, Department of Health Security, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
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Kong J, Bie Y, Ji W, Xu J, Lyu B, Xiong X, Qiu Y, Zhou X. Alphavirus infection triggers antiviral RNAi immunity in mammals. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112441. [PMID: 37104090 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) is a well-established antiviral immunity. However, for mammalian somatic cells, antiviral RNAi becomes evident only when viral suppressors of RNAi (VSRs) are disabled by mutations or VSR-targeting drugs, thereby limiting its scope as a mammalian immunity. We find that a wild-type alphavirus, Semliki Forest virus (SFV), triggers the Dicer-dependent production of virus-derived small interfering RNAs (vsiRNAs) in both mammalian somatic cells and adult mice. These SFV-vsiRNAs are located at a particular region within the 5' terminus of the SFV genome, Argonaute loaded, and active in conferring effective anti-SFV activity. Sindbis virus, another alphavirus, also induces vsiRNA production in mammalian somatic cells. Moreover, treatment with enoxacin, an RNAi enhancer, inhibits SFV replication dependent on RNAi response in vitro and in vivo and protects mice from SFV-induced neuropathogenesis and lethality. These findings show that alphaviruses trigger the production of active vsiRNA in mammalian somatic cells, highlighting the functional importance and therapeutic potential of antiviral RNAi in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuanyuan Bie
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenting Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Jiuyue Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bao Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaobei Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yang Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Xi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China.
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Recent advances in anti-coxsackievirus A16 viral drug research. Future Med Chem 2023; 15:97-117. [PMID: 36538291 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2022-0195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hand, foot and mouth disease, a childhood disorder caused by enteroviruses, is intermittently endemic in the Asia-Pacific region and endangers the lives of many infants and young children. Coxsackievirus A16 (CV-A16) is one of the major pathogens causing hand, foot, and mouth disease on occasion, resulting in catastrophic neurological sequelae and patient death. Currently, no clinical interventions are available that completely block the CV-A16 infection. Therefore, research on anti-CV-A16 treatment continues to be a significant focus of interest. This report provides a detailed background on and an introduction to CV-A16; a description of the viral gene and protein structures and a summary of the current advances in pharmaceutical targets, drug research and other related areas.
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Ding YF, Wei J, Quan X, Gu W, Xi L, Zheng Y, Zhao Y, Luo J, Li S, Mok GS, Wang R. Hyaluronic acid-based supramolecular medicine with polyamines sequestration capability for cooperative anti-psoriasis. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 296:119968. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Jones LM, Super EH, Batt LJ, Gasbarri M, Coppola F, Bhebhe LM, Cheesman BT, Howe AM, Král P, Coulston R, Jones ST. Broad-Spectrum Extracellular Antiviral Properties of Cucurbit[ n]urils. ACS Infect Dis 2022; 8:2084-2095. [PMID: 36062478 PMCID: PMC9578052 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.2c00186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Viruses are microscopic pathogens capable of causing disease and are responsible for a range of human mortalities and morbidities worldwide. They can be rendered harmless or destroyed with a range of antiviral chemical compounds. Cucurbit[n]urils (CB[n]s) are a family of macrocycle chemical compounds existing as a range of homologues; due to their structure, they can bind to biological materials, acting as supramolecular "hosts" to "guests", such as amino acids. Due to the increasing need for a nontoxic antiviral compound, we investigated whether cucurbit[n]urils could act in an antiviral manner. We have found that certain cucurbit[n]uril homologues do indeed have an antiviral effect against a range of viruses, including herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and SARS-CoV-2. In particular, we demonstrate that CB[7] is the active homologue of CB[n], having an antiviral effect against enveloped and nonenveloped species. High levels of efficacy were observed with 5 min contact times across different viruses. We also demonstrate that CB[7] acts with an extracellular virucidal mode of action via host-guest supramolecular interactions between viral surface proteins and the CB[n] cavity, rather than via cell internalization or a virustatic mechanism. This finding demonstrates that CB[7] acts as a supramolecular virucidal antiviral (a mechanism distinct from other current extracellular antivirals), demonstrating the potential of supramolecular interactions for future antiviral disinfectants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke M. Jones
- Department
of Materials and The Henry Royce Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester M19 3PL, United
Kingdom
| | - Elana H. Super
- Department
of Materials and The Henry Royce Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester M19 3PL, United
Kingdom
| | - Lauren J. Batt
- Department
of Materials and The Henry Royce Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester M19 3PL, United
Kingdom
| | - Matteo Gasbarri
- Institute
of Materials, Interfaculty Bioengineering
Institute, MXG 030 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Coppola
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois at
Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Lorraine M. Bhebhe
- Department
of Materials and The Henry Royce Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester M19 3PL, United
Kingdom
| | - Benjamin T. Cheesman
- Aqdot
Limited, Iconix Park,
London Road, Pampisford, Cambridge CB22 3EG, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew M. Howe
- Aqdot
Limited, Iconix Park,
London Road, Pampisford, Cambridge CB22 3EG, United Kingdom
| | - Petr Král
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois at
Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States,Department
of Physics and Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Roger Coulston
- Aqdot
Limited, Iconix Park,
London Road, Pampisford, Cambridge CB22 3EG, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel T. Jones
- Department
of Materials and The Henry Royce Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester M19 3PL, United
Kingdom,
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Miranda RR, Ferreira NN, Souza EED, Lins PMP, Ferreira LM, Krüger A, Cardoso VMD, Durigon EL, Wrenger C, Zucolotto V. Modulating Fingolimod (FTY720) Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Activity Using a PLGA-Based Drug Delivery System. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:3371-3383. [PMID: 35732506 PMCID: PMC9236206 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 has resulted in more than 490 million people being infected worldwide, with over 6 million deaths by April 05th, 2022. Even though the development of safe vaccine options is an important step to reduce viral transmission and disease progression, COVID-19 cases will continue to occur, and for those cases, efficient treatment remains to be developed. Here, a drug repurposing strategy using nanotechnology is explored to develop a therapy for COVID-19 treatment. Nanoparticles (NPs) based on PLGA for fingolimod (FTY720) encapsulation show a size of ∼150 nm and high drug entrapment (∼90%). The NP (NP@FTY720) can control FTY720 release in a pH-dependent manner. Cytotoxicity assays using different cell lines show that NP@FTY720 displays less toxicity than the free drug. Flow cytometry and confocal microscopy reveal that NPs are actively internalized mostly through caveolin-mediated endocytosis and macropinocytosis pathways and co-localized with lysosomes. Finally, NP@FTY720 not only exhibits anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity at non-cytotoxic concentrations, but its biological potential for viral infection inhibition is nearly 70 times higher than that of free drug treatment. Based on these findings, the combination of drug repurposing and nanotechnology as NP@FTY720 is presented for the first time and represents a promising frontline in the fight against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Rank Miranda
- Nanomedicine and Nanotoxicology Group, Physics
Institute of São Carlos, São Paulo University,
Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, 13566-590 São Carlos, São
Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natália Noronha Ferreira
- Nanomedicine and Nanotoxicology Group, Physics
Institute of São Carlos, São Paulo University,
Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, 13566-590 São Carlos, São
Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edmarcia Elisa de Souza
- Unit for Drug Discovery, Department of Parasitology,
Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Av.
Prof. Lineu Prestes 1374, 05508-000 Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paula Maria Pincela Lins
- Nanomedicine and Nanotoxicology Group, Physics
Institute of São Carlos, São Paulo University,
Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, 13566-590 São Carlos, São
Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Miziara
Barboza Ferreira
- Nanomedicine and Nanotoxicology Group, Physics
Institute of São Carlos, São Paulo University,
Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, 13566-590 São Carlos, São
Paulo, Brazil
| | - Arne Krüger
- Unit for Drug Discovery, Department of Parasitology,
Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Av.
Prof. Lineu Prestes 1374, 05508-000 Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Valéria Maria de
Oliveira Cardoso
- Nanomedicine and Nanotoxicology Group, Physics
Institute of São Carlos, São Paulo University,
Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, 13566-590 São Carlos, São
Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edison Luiz Durigon
- Unit for Drug Discovery, Department of Parasitology,
Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Av.
Prof. Lineu Prestes 1374, 05508-000 Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carsten Wrenger
- Unit for Drug Discovery, Department of Parasitology,
Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Av.
Prof. Lineu Prestes 1374, 05508-000 Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Valtencir Zucolotto
- Nanomedicine and Nanotoxicology Group, Physics
Institute of São Carlos, São Paulo University,
Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, 13566-590 São Carlos, São
Paulo, Brazil
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Wang L, Xu M, Zhou H, Yan K, Duan S, Xue D, Wang Y, Di B, Hu C. Teaching PCR for Simultaneous Sensing of Gene Transcription and Downstream Metabolites by Cucurbit[8]uril-Mediated Intervention of Polymerase Activity. Anal Chem 2022; 94:8715-8723. [PMID: 35671188 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c01103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The target of typical PCR analysis is restricted to nucleic acids. To this end, we report here a novel strategy to simultaneously detect genetic and metabolic markers using commercial PCR kits with cucurbit[8]urils (CB[8]) implemented to manipulate the activity of Taq DNA polymerase. CB[8] binds with the nonionic surfactants and displaces them from the polymerase surface, resulting in decreased enzyme activity. Meanwhile, the inhibited enzyme can be reversibly activated when spermine, the downstream metabolite of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), is present in the sample, which competitively binds to CB[8] and recovers polymerase activity. CB[8] was implemented in conventional PCR kits not only to reduce false-positive results but also to extend the detection range of PCR technology. With this novel method to detect ODC in cell lysates containing both the nucleotides and intracellular metabolites, positive results were only observed in highly active HEK 293T cells, whereas silent cells treated with ODC inhibitor showed negative readouts, therefore providing a simple but elegant dual-modality PCR method for precision diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lancheng Wang
- China National Narcotics Control Commission, China Pharmaceutical University, Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Mingjie Xu
- China National Narcotics Control Commission, China Pharmaceutical University, Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Huimin Zhou
- China National Narcotics Control Commission, China Pharmaceutical University, Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Kun Yan
- China National Narcotics Control Commission, China Pharmaceutical University, Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shiqi Duan
- China National Narcotics Control Commission, China Pharmaceutical University, Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Dandan Xue
- China National Narcotics Control Commission, China Pharmaceutical University, Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Youmei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Monitoring and Control, Drug Intelligence and Forensic Center, Ministry of Public Security, No. 18 Dongbeiwang West Road, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Bin Di
- China National Narcotics Control Commission, China Pharmaceutical University, Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chi Hu
- China National Narcotics Control Commission, China Pharmaceutical University, Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, Nanjing 210009, China
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