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Xu XY, Wang JX, Chen JL, Dai M, Wang YM, Chen Q, Li YH, Zhu GQ, Chen AD. GLP-1 in the Hypothalamic Paraventricular Nucleus Promotes Sympathetic Activation and Hypertension. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e2032232024. [PMID: 38565292 PMCID: PMC11112640 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2032-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and its analogs are widely used for diabetes treatment. The paraventricular nucleus (PVN) is crucial for regulating cardiovascular activity. This study aims to determine the roles of GLP-1 and its receptors (GLP-1R) in the PVN in regulating sympathetic outflow and blood pressure. Experiments were carried out in male normotensive rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were recorded. GLP-1 and GLP-1R expressions were present in the PVN. PVN microinjection of GLP-1R agonist recombinant human GLP-1 (rhGLP-1) or EX-4 increased RSNA and MAP, which were prevented by GLP-1R antagonist exendin 9-39 (EX9-39) or GLP-1R antagonist 1, superoxide scavenger tempol, antioxidant N-acetylcysteine, NADPH oxidase (NOX) inhibitor apocynin, adenylyl cyclase (AC) inhibitor SQ22536 or protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor H89. PVN microinjection of rhGLP-1 increased superoxide production, NADPH oxidase activity, cAMP level, AC, and PKA activity, which were prevented by SQ22536 or H89. GLP-1 and GLP-1R were upregulated in the PVN of SHR. PVN microinjection of GLP-1 agonist increased RSNA and MAP in both WKY and SHR, but GLP-1 antagonists caused greater effects in reducing RSNA and MAP in SHR than in WKY. The increased superoxide production and NADPH oxidase activity in the PVN of SHR were augmented by GLP-1R agonists but attenuated by GLP-1R antagonists. These results indicate that activation of GLP-1R in the PVN increased sympathetic outflow and blood pressure via cAMP-PKA-mediated NADPH oxidase activation and subsequent superoxide production. GLP-1 and GLP-1R upregulation in the PVN partially contributes to sympathetic overactivity and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, and Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jing-Xiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, and Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jun-Liu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, and Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Min Dai
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, and Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yi-Ming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, and Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yue-Hua Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Guo-Qing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, and Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Ai-Dong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, and Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
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Li Y, Gao YN, Zhu YB, Lu WF, Yu JY, Dong YY, Xu MY, Peng B, Wu JZ, Su Q, Bai J, Shi XL, Kang YM, Li HB, Xu ML. Taurocholic acid ameliorates hypertension through the activation of TGR5 in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. Food Funct 2024; 15:5088-5102. [PMID: 38666497 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo00808a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Diets rich in taurine can increase the production of taurine-conjugated bile acids, which are known to exert antihypertensive effects. Despite their benefits to the heart, kidney and arteries, their role in the central nervous system during the antihypertensive process remains unclear. Since hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) plays a key role in blood pressure regulation, we aimed to investigate the function of bile acids in the PVN. The concentration of bile acids in the PVN of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) fed with normal chow was measured using LC-MS/MS, which identified taurocholic acid (TCA) as the most down-regulated bile acid. To fully understand the mechanism of TCA's functions in the PVN, bi-lateral PVN micro-infusion of TCA was carried out. TCA treatment in the PVN led to a significant reduction in the blood pressure of SHRs, with decreased plasma levels of norepinephrine and improved morphology of cardiomyocytes. It also decreased the number of c-fos+ neurons, reduced the inflammatory response, and suppressed oxidative stress in the PVN of the SHRs. Most importantly, the TGR5 receptors in neurons and microglia were activated. PVN infusion of SBI-115, a TGR5 specific antagonist, was able to counteract with TCA in the blood pressure regulation of SHRs. In conclusion, TCA supplementation in the PVN of SHRs can activate TGR5 in neurons and microglia, reduce the inflammatory response and oxidative stress, suppress activated neurons, and attenuate hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Cardiometabolic Innovation Center, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Ya-Nan Gao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Cardiometabolic Innovation Center, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Ying-Bao Zhu
- College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712000, China
| | - Wen-Fang Lu
- College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712000, China
| | - Jia-Yue Yu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Cardiometabolic Innovation Center, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Dong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Cardiometabolic Innovation Center, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Meng-Yue Xu
- The Second Clinical College of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712000, China
| | - Bo Peng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Cardiometabolic Innovation Center, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Jun-Zhe Wu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Cardiometabolic Innovation Center, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Qing Su
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Cardiometabolic Innovation Center, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Juan Bai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Xiao-Lian Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Yu-Ming Kang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Cardiometabolic Innovation Center, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Hong-Bao Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Cardiometabolic Innovation Center, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Meng-Lu Xu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710077, China.
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Wang P, Mi Y, Yu H, Teng X, Jin S, Xiao L, Xue H, Tian D, Guo Q, Wu Y. Trimethylamine-N-oxide aggravated the sympathetic excitation in D-galactose induced aging rats by down-regulating P2Y12 receptor in microglia. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116549. [PMID: 38593701 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine whether trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) was involved in sympathetic activation in aging and the underlying mechanisms. Our hypothesis is TMAO reduces P2Y12 receptor (P2Y12R) and induces microglia-mediated inflammation in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN), then leading to sympathetic activation in aging. This study involved 18 young adults and 16 old adults. Aging rats were established by injecting D-galactose (D-gal, 200 mg/kg/d) subcutaneously for 12 weeks. TMAO (120 mg/kg/d) or 1% 3, 3-dimethyl-l-butanol (DMB) was administrated via drinking water for 12 weeks to investigate their effects on neuroinflammation and sympathetic activation in aging rats. Plasma TMAO, NE and IL-1β levels were higher in old adults than in young adults. In addition, standard deviation of all normal to normal intervals (SDNN) and standard deviation of the average of normal to normal intervals (SDANN) were lower in old adults and negatively correlated with TMAO, indicating sympathetic activation in old adults, which is associated with an increase in TMAO levels. Treatment of rats with D-gal showed increased senescence-associated protein levels and microglia-mediated inflammation, as well as decreased P2Y12R protein levels in PVN. Plasma TMAO, NE and IL-1β levels were increased, accompanied by enhanced renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA). While TMAO treatment exacerbated the above phenomenon, DMB mitigated it. These findings suggest that TMAO contributes to sympathetic hyperactivity in aging by downregulating P2Y12R in microglia and increasing inflammation in the PVN. These results may provide promising new target for the prevention and treatment of aging and aging-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Yuan Mi
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Department of Emergency, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Xu Teng
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Sheng Jin
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Lin Xiao
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Hongmei Xue
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Danyang Tian
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Qi Guo
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Experimental Center for Teaching, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Homeostasis and Aging, China.
| | - Yuming Wu
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Homeostasis and Aging, China.
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4
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Sheng ZF, Zhang H, Phaup JG, Zheng P, Kang X, Liu Z, Chang HM, Yeh ETH, Johnson AK, Pan HL, Li DP. Corticotropin-releasing hormone neurons in the central nucleus of amygdala are required for chronic stress-induced hypertension. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:1751-1762. [PMID: 37041718 PMCID: PMC10325697 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvad056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Chronic stress is a well-known risk factor for the development of hypertension. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) neurons in the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) are involved in the autonomic responses to chronic stress. Here, we determined the role of CeA-CRH neurons in chronic stress-induced hypertension. METHODS AND RESULTS Borderline hypertensive rats (BHRs) and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats were subjected to chronic unpredictable stress (CUS). Firing activity and M-currents of CeA-CRH neurons were assessed, and a CRH-Cre-directed chemogenetic approach was used to suppress CeA-CRH neurons. CUS induced a sustained elevation of arterial blood pressure (ABP) and heart rate (HR) in BHRs, while in WKY rats, CUS-induced increases in ABP and HR quickly returned to baseline levels after CUS ended. CeA-CRH neurons displayed significantly higher firing activities in CUS-treated BHRs than unstressed BHRs. Selectively suppressing CeA-CRH neurons by chemogenetic approach attenuated CUS-induced hypertension and decreased elevated sympathetic outflow in CUS-treated BHRs. Also, CUS significantly decreased protein and mRNA levels of Kv7.2 and Kv7.3 channels in the CeA of BHRs. M-currents in CeA-CRH neurons were significantly decreased in CUS-treated BHRs compared with unstressed BHRs. Blocking Kv7 channel with its blocker XE-991 increased the excitability of CeA-CRH neurons in unstressed BHRs but not in CUS-treated BHRs. Microinjection of XE-991 into the CeA increased sympathetic outflow and ABP in unstressed BHRs but not in CUS-treated BHRs. CONCLUSIONS CeA-CRH neurons are required for chronic stress-induced sustained hypertension. The hyperactivity of CeA-CRH neurons may be due to impaired Kv7 channel activity, which represents a new mechanism involved in chronic stress-induced hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Fu Sheng
- Center for Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine University of Missouri, One Hospital Drive, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Hua Zhang
- Center for Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine University of Missouri, One Hospital Drive, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Jeffery G Phaup
- Center for Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine University of Missouri, One Hospital Drive, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - PeiRu Zheng
- Center for Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine University of Missouri, One Hospital Drive, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - XunLei Kang
- Center for Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine University of Missouri, One Hospital Drive, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Zhenguo Liu
- Center for Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine University of Missouri, One Hospital Drive, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Hui-Ming Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
- Department of Toxicology, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Edward T H Yeh
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
- Department of Toxicology, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Alan Kim Johnson
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, The University of Iowa, G60 Psychological and Brain Sciences Building, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Hui-Lin Pan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - De-Pei Li
- Center for Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine University of Missouri, One Hospital Drive, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
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Ma H, Cui Z, Guo X, Zhao Q, Zhang Y, Guan Y, Yang P, Zhu H, Wang S, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Pan HL, Ma H. Corticotropin-releasing factor potentiates glutamatergic input and excitability of presympathetic neurons in the hypothalamus in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Neuropharmacology 2023; 230:109506. [PMID: 36924924 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
Hyperactivity of presympathetic neurons in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) plays a key role in generating excess sympathetic output in hypertension. However, the mechanisms driving hyperactivity of PVN presympathetic neurons in hypertension are unclear. In this study, we determined the role of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) in the PVN in augmented glutamatergic input, neuronal excitability and sympathetic outflow in hypertension. The number of CRF or c-Fos immunoreactive neurons and CRF/c-Fos double-labeled neurons in the PVN was significantly greater in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) than in normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. Blocking glutamatergic input reduced the CRF-potentiated excitability of spinally projecting PVN neurons. Furthermore, CRF knockdown via Crispr/Cas9 in the PVN decreased the frequencies of spontaneous firing and miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs) in spinally projecting PVN neurons in SHRs. In addition, the mRNA and protein levels of CRFR1, but not CRFR2, in the PVN were significantly higher in SHRs than in WKY rats. Blocking CRFR1 with NBI-35965, but not blocking CRFR2 with Antisauvagine-30, reduced the frequencies of spontaneous firing and mEPSCs of spinally projecting PVN neurons in SHRs. Also, microinjection of NBI-35965 into the PVN significantly reduced arterial blood pressure (ABP) and renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) in anesthetized SHRs, but not in WKY rats. However, microinjection of Antisauvagine-30 into the PVN had no effect on ABP or RSNA in WKY rats and SHRs. Our findings suggest that endogenous CRF in the PVN potentiates glutamatergic input and firing activity of PVN presympathetic neurons via CRFR1, resulting in augmented sympathetic outflow in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Ma
- Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Ziye Cui
- Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Xinqi Guo
- Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Qiyue Zhao
- Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Yue Guan
- Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China; Key Laboratory of Neurophysiology of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Peiyun Yang
- Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Huaibing Zhu
- Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China; Key Laboratory of Neurophysiology of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Xiangjian Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China; Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hui-Lin Pan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Huijie Ma
- Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China; Key Laboratory of Neurophysiology of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China; The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China; Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease, Shijiazhuang, China.
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Liu XJ, Yu XJ, Su YK, Qiao JA, Sun YJ, Bai XJ, Zhang N, Yang HY, Yin LX, Kang YM, Yang ZM. Minocycline and Pyrrolidine Dithiocarbamate Attenuate Hypertension via Suppressing Activation of Microglia in the Hypothalamic Paraventricular Nucleus. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2023; 259:163-172. [PMID: 36450479 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.2022.j102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Proinflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species and imbalance of neurotransmitters are involved in the pathophysiology of angiotensin II-induced hypertension. The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) plays a vital role in hypertension. Evidences show that microglia are activated and release proinflammatory cytokines in angiocardiopathy. We hypothesized that angiotensin II induces PVN microglial activation, and the activated PVN microglia release proinflammatory cytokines and cause oxidative stress through nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway, which contributes to sympathetic overactivity and hypertension. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (weight 275-300 g) were infused with angiotensin II to induce hypertension. Then, rats were treated with bilateral PVN infusion of microglial activation inhibitor minocycline, NF-κB activation inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate or vehicle for 4 weeks. When compared to control groups, angiotensin II-induced hypertensive rats had higher mean arterial pressure, PVN proinflammatory cytokines, and imbalance of neurotransmitters, accompanied with PVN activated microglia. These rats also had more PVN gp91phox (source of reactive oxygen species production), and NF-κB p65. Bilateral PVN infusion of minocycline or pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate partly or completely ameliorated these changes. This study indicates that angiotensin II-induced hypertensive rats have more activated microglia in PVN, and activated PVN microglia release proinflammatory cytokines and result in oxidative stress, which contributes to sympathoexcitation and hypertensive response. Suppression of activated PVN microglia by minocycline or pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate attenuates inflammation and oxidative stress, and improves angiotensin II-induced hypertension, which indicates that activated microglia promote hypertension through activated NF-κB. The findings may offer hypertension new strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jing Liu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University
| | - Xiao-Jing Yu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shaanxi Engineering and Research Center of Vaccine, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Education Ministry of China
| | - Yu-Kun Su
- Hemodialysis Center, Shanxi Second People's Hospital
| | - Jin-An Qiao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shaanxi Engineering and Research Center of Vaccine, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Education Ministry of China.,Institute of Pediatric Diseases, Xi'an Children's Hospital
| | - Yao-Jun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, and the Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University
| | - Xiao-Jie Bai
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, and the Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University
| | - Nana Zhang
- Department of Hypertension, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University
| | - Hui-Yu Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University
| | - Li-Xi Yin
- Basic Medical College of Shanxi Medical University
| | - Yu-Ming Kang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shaanxi Engineering and Research Center of Vaccine, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Education Ministry of China
| | - Zhi-Ming Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University
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Bo JH, Wang JX, Wang XL, Jiao Y, Jiang M, Chen JL, Hao WY, Chen Q, Li YH, Ma ZL, Zhu GQ. Dexmedetomidine Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Sympathetic Activation and Sepsis via Suppressing Superoxide Signaling in Paraventricular Nucleus. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122395. [PMID: 36552603 PMCID: PMC9774688 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Sympathetic overactivity contributes to the pathogenesis of sepsis. The selective α2-adrenergic receptor agonist dexmedetomidine (DEX) is widely used for perioperative sedation and analgesia. We aimed to determine the central roles and mechanisms of DEX in attenuating sympathetic activity and inflammation in sepsis. Sepsis was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in rats. Effects of DEX were investigated 24 h after injection of LPS. Bilateral microinjection of DEX in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) attenuated LPS-induced sympathetic overactivity, which was attenuated by the superoxide dismutase inhibitor DETC, cAMP analog db-cAMP or GABAA receptor antagonist gabazine. Superoxide scavenger tempol, NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin, adenylate cyclase inhibitor SQ22536 or PKA inhibitor Rp-cAMP caused similar effects to DEX in attenuating LPS-induced sympathetic activation. DEX inhibited LPS-induced superoxide and cAMP production, as well as NADPH oxidase, adenylate cyclase and PKA activation. The roles of DEX in reducing superoxide production and NADPH oxidase activation were attenuated by db-cAMP or gabazine. Intravenous infusion of DEX inhibited LPS-induced sympathetic overactivity, NOX activation, superoxide production, TNF-α and IL-1β upregulation in the PVN and plasma, as well as lung and renal injury, which were attenuated by the PVN microinjection of yohimbine and DETC. We conclude that activation of α2-adrenergic receptors with DEX in the PVN attenuated LPS-induced sympathetic overactivity by reducing NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide production via both inhibiting adenylate cyclase-cAMP-PKA signaling and activating GABAA receptors. The inhibition of NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide production in the PVN partially contributes to the roles of intravenous infusion of DEX in attenuating LPS-induced sympathetic activation, oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hua Bo
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jing-Xiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xiao-Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yang Jiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Ming Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jun-Liu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Wen-Yuan Hao
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yue-Hua Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Zheng-Liang Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
- Correspondence: (Z.-L.M.); (G.-Q.Z.)
| | - Guo-Qing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Correspondence: (Z.-L.M.); (G.-Q.Z.)
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8
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Chemerin-9 in paraventricular nucleus increases sympathetic outflow and blood pressure via glutamate receptor-mediated ROS generation. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 936:175343. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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9
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Cayupe B, Troncoso B, Morgan C, Sáez-Briones P, Sotomayor-Zárate R, Constandil L, Hernández A, Morselli E, Barra R. The Role of the Paraventricular-Coerulear Network on the Programming of Hypertension by Prenatal Undernutrition. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911965. [PMID: 36233268 PMCID: PMC9569920 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A crucial etiological component in fetal programming is early nutrition. Indeed, early undernutrition may cause a chronic increase in blood pressure and cardiovascular diseases, including stroke and heart failure. In this regard, current evidence has sustained several pathological mechanisms involving changes in central and peripheral targets. In the present review, we summarize the neuroendocrine and neuroplastic modifications that underlie maladaptive mechanisms related to chronic hypertension programming after early undernutrition. First, we analyzed the role of glucocorticoids on the mechanism of long-term programming of hypertension. Secondly, we discussed the pathological plastic changes at the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus that contribute to the development of chronic hypertension in animal models of prenatal undernutrition, dissecting the neural network that reciprocally communicates this nucleus with the locus coeruleus. Finally, we propose an integrated and updated view of the main neuroendocrine and central circuital alterations that support the occurrence of chronic increases of blood pressure in prenatally undernourished animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernardita Cayupe
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica y Aplicada (CIBAP), Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 9170020, Chile
| | - Blanca Troncoso
- Escuela de Enfermería, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170020, Chile
| | - Carlos Morgan
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología y Comportamiento, Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170020, Chile
| | - Patricio Sáez-Briones
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología y Comportamiento, Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170020, Chile
| | - Ramón Sotomayor-Zárate
- Laboratorio de Neuroquímica y Neurofarmacología, Centro de Neurobiología y Fisiopatología Integrativa, Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile
| | - Luis Constandil
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170020, Chile
| | - Alejandro Hernández
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170020, Chile
| | - Eugenia Morselli
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Sciences, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago 7510157, Chile
| | - Rafael Barra
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica y Aplicada (CIBAP), Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 9170020, Chile
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +56-983831083
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10
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Belenichev IF, Abramov AV, Puzyrenko A, Bukhtiyarova NV, Gorchakova NO, Bak PG. Molecular mechanisms of myocardial damage in the hypertensive rats and hypertensive rats with metabolic disorders (diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis). RESEARCH RESULTS IN PHARMACOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.3897/rrpharmacology.8.78534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Despite the success which was achieved in the treatment of arterial hypertension, for optimization of the treatment, it is necessary to study the pathogenesis of primary arterial hypertension and target organ damage on the molecular level.
Materials and methods: Our team studied the molecular mechanisms of myocardial damage during arterial hypertension and metabolic disorders. We used the spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) as an experimental model, and, additionally, we modeled diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis in these rats.
Results and discussion: Our study obtained evidence of a much higher level of the energy imbalance in the cardiomyocytes and more intensive production of reactive oxygen species in the SHRs with diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis compared with the healthy animals and the animals with only hypertension. The indicated defections create an environment for further cellular damage – mitochondrial dysfunction, depletion in the thiol-disulfide system, and formation of highly reactive NO products. At the same time, we have noticed a higher activity of the Hsp70 in the hypertensive groups compared with the normotensive animals. The source of these deviations is in the formation of mitochondrial dysfunction of cardiocytes, the cause of which is oxidative modification of the protein structures of mitochondria under conditions of activation of oxidative stress reactions, insufficiency of mPT pores, and impaired mitochondrial chaperone function. The presented data give reason to believe that mitochondrial dysfunction, which develops against the background of deficient HSP70, is an integral aspect of arterial hypertension, contributes to its aggravation, and triggers a cascade of molecular and biochemical mechanisms of myocardial damage. These mechanisms include disturbances in the L-arginine-NO-synthase-NO system, production of mitochondrial iNOS oxygen radicals, neutralization of the vasorelaxant effect of NO and its transformation into an active participant in nitrous stress due to reduced intermediates of the thiol-disulfide system. The question of cause-and-effect relationships of oxidative stress remains open for discussion.
Conclusion: We envisage that studies in this direction may lead to a better insight into a pathogenetic therapy of essential hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and atherosclerosis.
Graphical abstract:
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11
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Wang Z, Romanski A, Mehra V, Wang Y, Brannigan M, Campbell BC, Petsko GA, Tsoulfas P, Blackmore MG. Brain-wide analysis of the supraspinal connectome reveals anatomical correlates to functional recovery after spinal injury. eLife 2022; 11:76254. [PMID: 35838234 PMCID: PMC9345604 DOI: 10.7554/elife.76254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The supraspinal connectome is essential for normal behavior and homeostasis and consists of numerous sensory, motor, and autonomic projections from brain to spinal cord. Study of supraspinal control and its restoration after damage has focused mostly on a handful of major populations that carry motor commands, with only limited consideration of dozens more that provide autonomic or crucial motor modulation. Here, we assemble an experimental workflow to rapidly profile the entire supraspinal mesoconnectome in adult mice and disseminate the output in a web-based resource. Optimized viral labeling, 3D imaging, and registration to a mouse digital neuroanatomical atlas assigned tens of thousands of supraspinal neurons to 69 identified regions. We demonstrate the ability of this approach to clarify essential points of topographic mapping between spinal levels, measure population-specific sensitivity to spinal injury, and test the relationships between region-specific neuronal sparing and variability in functional recovery. This work will spur progress by broadening understanding of essential but understudied supraspinal populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zimei Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, United States
| | - Adam Romanski
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, United States
| | - Vatsal Mehra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, United States
| | - Yunfang Wang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, United States
| | - Matthew Brannigan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, United States
| | - Benjamin C Campbell
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer's Disease Research Institute, Cornell University, New York, United States
| | - Gregory A Petsko
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer's Disease Research Institute, Cornell University, New York, United States
| | - Pantelis Tsoulfas
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, United States
| | - Murray G Blackmore
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, United States
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12
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Bi Q, Wang C, Cheng G, Chen N, Wei B, Liu X, Li L, Lu C, He J, Weng Y, Yin C, Lin Y, Wan S, Zhao L, Xu J, Wang Y, Gu Y, Shen XZ, Shi P. Microglia-derived PDGFB promotes neuronal potassium currents to suppress basal sympathetic tonicity and limit hypertension. Immunity 2022; 55:1466-1482.e9. [PMID: 35863346 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Although many studies have addressed the regulatory circuits affecting neuronal activities, local non-synaptic mechanisms that determine neuronal excitability remain unclear. Here, we found that microglia prevented overactivation of pre-sympathetic neurons in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) at steady state. Microglia constitutively released platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) B, which signaled via PDGFRα on neuronal cells and promoted their expression of Kv4.3, a key subunit that conducts potassium currents. Ablation of microglia, conditional deletion of microglial PDGFB, or suppression of neuronal PDGFRα expression in the PVN elevated the excitability of pre-sympathetic neurons and sympathetic outflow, resulting in a profound autonomic dysfunction. Disruption of the PDGFBMG-Kv4.3Neuron pathway predisposed mice to develop hypertension, whereas central supplementation of exogenous PDGFB suppressed pressor response when mice were under hypertensive insult. Our results point to a non-immune action of resident microglia in maintaining the balance of sympathetic outflow, which is important in preventing cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Bi
- Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Center of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science & Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Guo Cheng
- Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Ningting Chen
- Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Bo Wei
- Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Zhejiang Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Zhejiang Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, China
| | - Cheng Lu
- Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Jian He
- Department of Physiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Yuancheng Weng
- Department of Physiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Chunyou Yin
- Department of Physiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Yunfan Lin
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Haining, Zhejiang 314400, China
| | - Shu Wan
- Brain Center, Affiliated Zhejiang Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Jiaxi Xu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shanxi 710061, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Yan Gu
- Center of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science & Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
| | - Xiao Z Shen
- Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Department of Physiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
| | - Peng Shi
- Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
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13
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Chen XY, Lin C, Liu GY, Pei C, Xu GQ, Gao L, Wang SZ, Pan YX. ACE2 gene combined with exercise training attenuates central AngII/AT1 axis function and oxidative stress in a prehypertensive rat model. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2022; 132:1460-1467. [PMID: 35546127 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00459.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) or exercise training (ExT) is beneficial to hypertension, but their combined effects remain unknown. In this study, lentivirus containing enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) and ACE2 were microinjected into the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of young male spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHRs), and SHRs were assigned into 5 groups: sedentary (SHR), SHR-ExT, SHR-eGFP, ACE2 gene (SHR-ACE2), ACE2 gene combined with ExT (SHR-ACE2-ExT). Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats were used as a control. ACE2 gene or ExT significantly delayed the elevation of blood pressure, the combined effect prevented the development and progression of prehypertension. Either ACE2 over-expression or ExT improved arterial baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), while combined effect normalized BRS in SHR. Compared with SHR, SHR-ACE2 and SHR-ExT displayed a significantly higher level in ACE2 protein, but had lower plasma norepinephrine (NE) and angiotensin II (AngII) as well as angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1) protein expression in the PVN. SHR-ACE2-ExT showed the largest decrease in AngII and AT1 protein expression. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and NADPH oxidase (NOX2 and NOX4) protein expression in PVN were also decreased in SHR-ACE2-ExT group than in SHR-ACE2 and SHR-ExT groups. It was concluded that the combined effect has effectively prevented prehypertension progression and baroreflex dysfunction in SHR, which is associated with the reduction in AngII/AT1 axis function and oxidative stress in the PVN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Yun Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Health College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Cheng Lin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Health College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guo-Ying Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Health College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chun Pei
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Health College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Gui-Qing Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Health College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lie Gao
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Shi-Zhong Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Health College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yan-Xia Pan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Health College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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14
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Cross-Talk between CB1, AT1, AT2 and Mas Receptors Responsible for Blood Pressure Control in the Paraventricular Nucleus of Hypothalamus in Conscious Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats and Their Normotensive Controls. Cells 2022; 11:cells11091542. [PMID: 35563848 PMCID: PMC9101384 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that in urethane-anaesthetized rats, intravenous injection of the angiotensin II (Ang II) AT1 receptor antagonist losartan reversed the pressor effect of the cannabinoid CB1 receptor agonist CP55940 given in the paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus (PVN). The aim of our study was to determine the potential interactions in the PVN between CB1 receptors and AT1 and AT2 receptors for Ang II and Mas receptors for Ang 1–7 in blood pressure regulation in conscious spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and normotensive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats. The pressor effects of Ang II, Ang 1–7 and CP55940 microinjected into the PVN were stronger in SHRs than in WKYs. Increases in blood pressure in response to Ang II were strongly inhibited by antagonists of AT1 (losartan), AT2 (PD123319) and CB1 (AM251) receptors, to Ang 1–7 by a Mas antagonist (A-779) and AM251 and to CP55940 by losartan, PD123319 and A-779. Higher (AT1 and CB1) and lower (AT2 and Mas) receptor expression in the PVN of SHR compared to WKY may partially explain the above differences. In conclusion, blood pressure control in the PVN depends on the mutual interaction of CB1, AT1, AT2 and Mas receptors in conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats and their normotensive controls.
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15
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Wang G, Woods C, Johnson MA, Milner TA, Glass MJ. Angiotensin II Infusion Results in Both Hypertension and Increased AMPA GluA1 Signaling in Hypothalamic Paraventricular Nucleus of Male but not Female Mice. Neuroscience 2022; 485:129-144. [PMID: 34999197 PMCID: PMC9116447 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) plays a key role in hypertension, however the signaling pathways that contribute to the adaptability of the PVN during hypertension are uncertain. We present evidence that signaling at the alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) GluA1 receptor contributes to increased blood pressure in a model of neurogenic hypertension induced by 14-day slow-pressor angiotensin II (AngII) infusion in male mice. It was found that AngII hypertension was associated with an increase in plasma membrane affiliation of GluA1, but decreased GluA2, in dendritic profiles of PVN neurons expressing the TNFα type 1 receptor, a modulator of AMPA receptor trafficking. The increased plasma membrane GluA1 was paralleled by heightened AMPA currents in PVN-spinal cord projection neurons from AngII-infused male mice. Significantly, elevated AMPA currents in AngII-treated mice were blocked by 1-Naphthyl acetyl spermine trihydrochloride, pointing to the involvement of GluA2-lacking GluA1 receptors in the heightened AMPA signaling in PVN neurons. A further functional role for GluA1 in the PVN was demonstrated by the attenuated hypertensive response following silencing of GluA1 in the PVN of AngII-infused male mice. In female mice, AngII-infusion did not impact blood pressure or plasma membrane localization of GluA1 . Post-translational modifications that increase the plasma membrane localization of AMPA GluA1 and heighten the rapid excitatory signaling actions of glutamate in PVN neurons may serve as a molecular substrate underlying sex differences in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065
| | - Clara Woods
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065
| | - Megan A. Johnson
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065
| | - Teresa A. Milner
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065,Harold and Milliken Hatch Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Michael J. Glass
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065,Address correspondence to: Dr. Michael J. Glass, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, 407 East 61st Street, New York, NY 10065; Phone: (646) 962-8253;
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16
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Martin D, Reihe C, Drummer S, Roessler K, Boomer S, Nelson M. Venoconstrictor responses to activation of bradykinin-sensitive pericardial afferents involve the region of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15221. [PMID: 35307973 PMCID: PMC8935126 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Veins are important in the control of venous return, cardiac output, and cardiovascular homeostasis. However, the effector systems modulating venous function remain to be fully elucidated. We demonstrated that activation of bradykinin-sensitive pericardial afferents elicited systemic venoconstriction. The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) is an important site modulating autonomic outflow to the venous compartment. We tested the hypothesis that the PVN region is involved in the venoconstrictor response to pericardial injection of bradykinin. Rats were anesthetized with urethane/alpha chloralose and instrumented for recording arterial pressure, vena caval pressure, and mean circulatory filling pressure (MCFP), an index of venous tone. The rats were fitted with a pericardial catheter and PVN injector guide tubes. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and MCFP responses to pericardial injection of bradykinin (1, 10 µg/kg) were recorded before and after PVN injection of omega conotoxin GVIA (200 ng/200 nl). Pericardial injection of saline produced no systematic effects on MAP, HR, or MCFP. In contrast, pericardial injection of bradykinin was associated with short latency increases in MAP (16 ± 4 to 18 ± 2 mm Hg) and MCFP 0.35 ± 0.19 to 1.01 ± 0.27 mm Hg. Heart rate responses to pericardial BK were highly variable, but HR was significantly increased (15 ± 9 bpm) at the higher BK dose. Conotoxin injection in the PVN region did not affect baseline values for these variables. However, injection of conotoxin into the area of the PVN largely attenuated the pressor (-1 ± 3 to 6 ± 3 mm Hg), MCFP (-0.19 ± 0.07 to 0.20 ± 0.18 mm Hg), and HR (4 ± 14 bpm) responses to pericardial bradykinin injection. We conclude that the PVN region is involved in the venoconstrictor responses to pericardial bradykinin injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doug Martin
- Division of Basic Biomedical SciencesUniversity of South DakotaVermillionSouth DakotaUSA
| | - Casey Reihe
- Division of Basic Biomedical SciencesUniversity of South DakotaVermillionSouth DakotaUSA
| | - Sam Drummer
- Division of Basic Biomedical SciencesUniversity of South DakotaVermillionSouth DakotaUSA
| | - Kyle Roessler
- Division of Basic Biomedical SciencesUniversity of South DakotaVermillionSouth DakotaUSA
| | - Shane Boomer
- Division of Basic Biomedical SciencesUniversity of South DakotaVermillionSouth DakotaUSA
| | - Madeleine Nelson
- Division of Basic Biomedical SciencesUniversity of South DakotaVermillionSouth DakotaUSA
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17
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Involvement of Neuropeptide Y within Paraventricular Nucleus in Electroacupuncture Inhibiting Sympathetic Activities in Hypertensive Rats. Int J Hypertens 2022; 2022:9990854. [PMID: 35087687 PMCID: PMC8789434 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9990854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Although electroacupuncture (EA) has been used to decrease the blood pressure (BP) clinically, the underlying mechanisms are not clearly clarified. This study aimed to assess the hypothesis that EA treatment exerts a hypotensive action via suppressing sympathetic activities and modulating neuropeptide Y (NPY) function within the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of hypertensive rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were selected for the experiment, and the hypertensive models were established by the two-kidney, one-clip (2K1C) method. Then, the rats were randomly assigned to the sham group, 2K1C group, 2K1C plus EA group, and 2K1C plus sham EA group. EA treatment at the acupoints ST36 and ST40 overlying the peroneal nerves was given once a day for 30 days. The radiotelemetry system was applied to collect the arterial BP recordings. Power spectral analyses of BP variability, BP responses to ganglionic blockade, and plasma levels of norepinephrine and epinephrine were performed to assess the changes in sympathetic nerve activity. Real-time PCR and Western blots were carried out to examine the expression of NPY system in the PVN. The responses of PVN microinjection with NPY Y1R antagonist BIBO3304 were detected to check the endogenous NPY tone. The results showed that the enhanced arterial BP and sympathetic activities were effectively reduced by 30 days of EA treatment, and baroreflex sensitivity was improved in 2K1C hypertensive rats. The level of NPY mRNA and protein expression in the PVN was markedly upregulated by EA treatment in 2K1C rats. In addition, the pressor responses of PVN microinjection with NPY Y1R antagonist BIBO3304 in 2K1C models were remarkably augmented by the EA stimulation. Our results indicate that the increased NPY expression and function in the PVN induced by EA treatment contribute to antihypertensive and sympathetic suppression on hypertensive rats. The findings may elucidate the underlying mechanisms of the acupuncture to be a potential therapeutic strategy against hypertension.
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18
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Yu XJ, Xiao T, Liu XJ, Li Y, Qi J, Zhang N, Fu LY, Liu KL, Li Y, Kang YM. Effects of Nrf1 in Hypothalamic Paraventricular Nucleus on Regulating the Blood Pressure During Hypertension. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:805070. [PMID: 34938159 PMCID: PMC8685333 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.805070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence rate and mortality of hypertension increase every year. Hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) plays a critical role on the pathophysiology of hypertension. It has been demonstrated that the imbalance of neurotransmitters including norepinephrine (NE), glutamate (Glu) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) are closely related to sympathetic overactivity and pathogenesis of hypertension. N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR), consisting of GluN1 and GluN2 subunits, is considered to be a glutamate-gated ion channel, which binds to Glu, and activates neuronal activity. Studies have found that the synthesis of respiratory chain enzyme complex was affected and mitochondrial function was impaired in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), further indicating that mitochondria is associated with hypertension. Nuclear respiratory factor 1 (Nrf1) is a transcription factor that modulates mitochondrial respiratory chain and is related to GluN1, GluN2A, and GluN2B promoters. However, the brain mechanisms underlying PVN Nrf1 modulating sympathoexcitation and blood pressure during the development of hypertension remains unclear. In this study, an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector carrying the shRNA targeting rat Nrf1 gene (shNrf1) was injected into bilateral PVN of male rats underwent two kidneys and one clip to explore the role of Nrf1 in mediating the development of hypertension and sympathoexcitation. Administration of shNrf1 knocked down the expression of Nrf1 and reduced the expression of excitatory neurotransmitters, increased the expression of inhibitory neurotransmitters, and reduced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and attenuated sympathoexcitation and hypertension. The results indicate that knocking down Nrf1 suppresses sympathoexcitation in hypertension by reducing PVN transcription of NMDAR subunits (GluN1, GluN2A, and GluN2B), rebalancing PVN excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters, inhibiting PVN neuronal activity and oxidative stress, and attenuating sympathetic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jing Yu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Education Ministry of China, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shaanxi Engineering and Research Center of Vaccine, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an, China
| | - Tong Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Education Ministry of China, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shaanxi Engineering and Research Center of Vaccine, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Education Ministry of China, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shaanxi Engineering and Research Center of Vaccine, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an, China
| | - Jie Qi
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Education Ministry of China, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shaanxi Engineering and Research Center of Vaccine, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an, China
| | - Nianping Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Shanxi Datong University School of Medicine, Datong, China
| | - Li-Yan Fu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Education Ministry of China, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shaanxi Engineering and Research Center of Vaccine, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an, China
| | - Kai-Li Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Education Ministry of China, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shaanxi Engineering and Research Center of Vaccine, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an, China
| | - Yanjun Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shanxi Datong University School of Medicine, Datong, China
| | - Yu-Ming Kang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Education Ministry of China, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shaanxi Engineering and Research Center of Vaccine, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an, China
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19
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Fan Y, Jiang E, Gao H, Bigalke J, Chen B, Yu C, Chen Q, Shan Z. Activation of Orexin System Stimulates CaMKII Expression. Front Physiol 2021; 12:698185. [PMID: 34276418 PMCID: PMC8282234 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.698185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperactivity of the orexin system within the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) has been shown to contribute to increased sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) and blood pressure (BP) in rodent animals. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we test the hypothesis that orexin system activation stimulates calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) expression and activation, and stimulation of CaMKII expressing PVN neurons increases SNA and BP. Real-time PCR and/or western blot were carried out to test the effect of orexin-A administration on CaMKII expression in the PVN of normal Sprague Dawley (SD) rats and orexin receptor 1 (OX1R) expressing PC12 cells. Immunostaining was performed to assess OX1R cellular localization in the PVN of SD rats as well as orexin-A treatment on CaMKII activation in cultured hypothalamic neurons. In vivo sympathetic nerve recordings were employed to test the impact of optogenetic stimulation of CaMKII-expressing PVN neurons on the renal SNA (RSNA) and BP. The results showed that intracerebroventricular injection of orexin-A into the SD rat increases mRNA expression of CaMKII subunits in the PVN. In addition, Orexin-A treatment increases CaMKII expression and its phosphorylation in OX1R-expressing PC12 cells. Furthermore, Orexin-A treatment increases CaMKII activation in cultured hypothalamic neurons from neonatal SD rats. Finally, optogenetic excitation of PVN CaMKII-expressing neurons results in robust increases in RSNA and BP in SD rats. Our results suggest that increased orexin system activity activates CaMKII expression in cardiovascular relevant regions, and this may be relevant to the downstream cardiovascular effects of CaMKII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Fan
- Department of Kinesiology and Integrative Physiology, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, United States.,School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Enshe Jiang
- Department of Kinesiology and Integrative Physiology, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, United States.,Institute of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Huanjia Gao
- Department of Kinesiology and Integrative Physiology, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, United States.,The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jeremy Bigalke
- Department of Kinesiology and Integrative Physiology, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, United States
| | - Bojun Chen
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunxiu Yu
- Health Research Institute, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, United States.,Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, United States
| | - Qinghui Chen
- Department of Kinesiology and Integrative Physiology, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, United States.,Health Research Institute, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, United States
| | - Zhiying Shan
- Department of Kinesiology and Integrative Physiology, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, United States.,Health Research Institute, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, United States
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20
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Milner TA, Contoreggi NH, Yu F, Johnson MA, Wang G, Woods C, Mazid S, Van Kempen TA, Waters EM, McEwen BS, Korach KS, Glass MJ. Estrogen Receptor β Contributes to Both Hypertension and Hypothalamic Plasticity in a Mouse Model of Peri-Menopause. J Neurosci 2021; 41:5190-5205. [PMID: 33941651 PMCID: PMC8211546 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0164-21.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension susceptibility in women increases at the transition to menopause, termed perimenopause, a state characterized by erratic estrogen fluctuation and extended hormone cycles. Elucidating the role of estrogen signaling in the emergence of hypertension during perimenopause has been hindered by animal models that are confounded by abrupt estrogen cessation or effects of aging. In the present study, accelerated ovarian failure (AOF) in estrogen receptor β (ERβ) reporter mice was induced by 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide in young mice to model early-stage ovarian failure (peri-AOF) characteristic of peri-menopause. It was found that administering ERβ agonists suppressed elevated blood pressure in a model of neurogenic hypertension induced by angiotensin II (AngII) in peri-AOF, but not in age-matched male mice. It was also found that ERβ agonist administration in peri-AOF females, but not males, suppressed the heightened NMDAR signaling and reactive oxygen production in ERβ neurons in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN), a critical neural regulator of blood pressure. It was further shown that deleting ERβ in the PVN of gonadally intact females produced a phenotype marked by a sensitivity to AngII hypertension. These results suggest that ERβ signaling in the PVN plays an important role in blood pressure regulation in female mice and contributes to hypertension susceptibility in females at an early stage of ovarian failure comparable to human perimenopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa A Milner
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065
- Harold and Milliken Hatch Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065
| | - Natalina H Contoreggi
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065
| | - Fangmin Yu
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065
| | - Megan A Johnson
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065
| | - Gang Wang
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065
| | - Clara Woods
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065
| | - Sanoara Mazid
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065
| | - Tracey A Van Kempen
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065
| | - Elizabeth M Waters
- Harold and Milliken Hatch Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065
| | - Bruce S McEwen
- Harold and Milliken Hatch Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065
| | - Kenneth S Korach
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/National Institutes of Health, North Carolina 27709
| | - Michael J Glass
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065
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21
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Hypertension in Prenatally Undernourished Young-Adult Rats Is Maintained by Tonic Reciprocal Paraventricular-Coerulear Excitatory Interactions. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26123568. [PMID: 34207980 PMCID: PMC8230629 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prenatally malnourished rats develop hypertension in adulthood, in part through increased α1-adrenoceptor-mediated outflow from the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) to the sympathetic system. We studied whether both α1-adrenoceptor-mediated noradrenergic excitatory pathways from the locus coeruleus (LC) to the PVN and their reciprocal excitatory CRFergic connections contribute to prenatal undernutrition-induced hypertension. For that purpose, we microinjected either α1-adrenoceptor or CRH receptor agonists and/or antagonists in the PVN or the LC, respectively. We also determined the α1-adrenoceptor density in whole hypothalamus and the expression levels of α1A-adrenoceptor mRNA in the PVN. The results showed that: (i) agonists microinjection increased systolic blood pressure and heart rate in normotensive eutrophic rats, but not in prenatally malnourished subjects; (ii) antagonists microinjection reduced hypertension and tachycardia in undernourished rats, but not in eutrophic controls; (iii) in undernourished animals, antagonist administration to one nuclei allowed the agonists recover full efficacy in the complementary nucleus, inducing hypertension and tachycardia; (iv) early undernutrition did not modify the number of α1-adrenoceptor binding sites in hypothalamus, but reduced the number of cells expressing α1A-adrenoceptor mRNA in the PVN. These results support the hypothesis that systolic pressure and heart rate are increased by tonic reciprocal paraventricular-coerulear excitatory interactions in prenatally undernourished young-adult rats.
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22
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Zhu K, Zhu Y, Hou X, Chen W, Qu X, Zhang Y, Li Z, Wang C, Chen J, Lv L, Wang J, Zhang D, Hou L. NETs Lead to Sympathetic Hyperactivity After Traumatic Brain Injury Through the LL37-Hippo/MST1 Pathway. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:621477. [PMID: 33994918 PMCID: PMC8116628 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.621477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH) is one of the important reasons for the high mortality and morbidity of traumatic brain injury (TBI). We aim to explore the role of the neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in the pathogenesis of sympathetic hyperexcitability after TBI and the underlying mechanisms, providing evidence for clinical treatment. Methods: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to assess the plasma metanephrine and normetanephrine levels which represented the variation of the sympathetic system after TBI with rat diffuse axonal injury (DAI) model. NETs in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and circulating blood were examined using immunofluorescence and flow cytometry. Neutrophils-microglia co-culture system was established to further explore the effect of NETs on PSH and its mechanisms. Results: After TBI, metanephrine and normetanephrine levels began to increase at 9 h and peaked at 72 h. After the injury, the level of NETs kept increasing at 24 and 72 h in the PVN. A positive correlation was found between the concentration of the PVN NETs and blood catecholamine. Flow cytometry of peripheral blood cells revealed that NETs level in the injury group was higher than that in the control group. Immunofluorescence results confirmed the presence of NETs in the PVN after TBI. The positive result of immunoprecipitation suggested a correlation effect between LL37 and P2 × 7. Peptidyl arginine deiminase-4 (PAD4) inhibitor could inhibit the expression levels of MST1, YAP, and IL-1β. The hippo/MST1 pathway inhibitor could inhibit the expression levels of YAP and IL-1β. Conclusion: NETs formation in the PVN might be associated with sympathetic hyperactivity after TBI, which might relate to the activation of microglia cells and increased secretion of IL-1β via the hippo/MST1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixin Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yibai Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Hou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolin Qu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yelei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenxing Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunhui Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jigang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liquan Lv
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Danfeng Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijun Hou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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23
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Martin A, Mecawi AS, Antunes VR, Yao ST, Antunes-Rodrigues J, Paton JFR, Paterson A, Greenwood M, Šarenac O, Savić B, Japundžić-Žigon N, Murphy D, Hindmarch CCT. Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Downregulation of Urocortin Expression in the Hypothalamo-Neurohypophysial System of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. Front Physiol 2021; 11:599507. [PMID: 33815127 PMCID: PMC8011454 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.599507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The chronically increased blood pressure characteristic of essential hypertension represents an insidious and cumulative risk for cardiovascular disease. Essential hypertension is a multifactorial condition, with no known specific aetiology but a strong genetic component. The Spontaneously Hypertensive rat (SHR) shares many characteristics of human essential hypertension, and as such is a commonly used experimental model. The mammalian hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal system (HNS) plays a pivotal role in the regulation of blood pressure, volume and osmolality. In order to better understand the possible role of the HNS in hypertension, we have used microarray analysis to reveal differential regulation of genes in the HNS of the SHR compared to a control normotensive strain, the Wistar Kyoto rat (WKY). These results were validated by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). One of the genes identified and validated as being downregulated in SHR compared to WKY was that encoding the neuropeptide urocortin (Ucn). Immunohistochemical analyses revealed Ucn to be highly expressed within magnocellular neurons of the PVN and SON, with pronounced localisation in dendritic projections containing oxytocin and vasopressin. When Ucn was overexpressed in the PVN of the SHR by in vivo lentiviral mediated gene transfer, blood pressure was unaffected but there were significant, transient reductions in the VLF spectra of systolic blood pressure consistent with an action on autonomic balance. We suggest that Ucn may act, possibly via dendritic release, to subtly regulate neurohumoral aspects of arterial pressure control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Martin
- Bristol Medical School: Translational Health Sciences, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Andre S Mecawi
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Department of Biophysics, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vagner R Antunes
- Bristol Medical School: Translational Health Sciences, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Song T Yao
- Bristol Medical School: Translational Health Sciences, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.,Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jose Antunes-Rodrigues
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Julian F R Paton
- Manaaki Mānawa, The Heart Research Centre, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Alex Paterson
- Bristol Medical School: Translational Health Sciences, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Greenwood
- Bristol Medical School: Translational Health Sciences, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Olivera Šarenac
- Bristol Medical School: Translational Health Sciences, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.,Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bojana Savić
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nina Japundžić-Žigon
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - David Murphy
- Bristol Medical School: Translational Health Sciences, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Charles C T Hindmarch
- Bristol Medical School: Translational Health Sciences, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.,Queen's Cardiopulmonary Unit, Department of Medicine, Translational Institute of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
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24
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Woods C, Marques-Lopes J, Contoreggi NH, Milner TA, Pickel VM, Wang G, Glass MJ. Tumor Necrosis Factor α Receptor Type 1 Activation in the Hypothalamic Paraventricular Nucleus Contributes to Glutamate Signaling and Angiotensin II-Dependent Hypertension. J Neurosci 2021; 41:1349-1362. [PMID: 33303682 PMCID: PMC7888211 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2360-19.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
There are significant neurogenic and inflammatory influences on blood pressure, yet the role played by each of these processes in the development of hypertension is unclear. Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) has emerged as a critical modulator of blood pressure and neural plasticity; however, the mechanism by which TNFα signaling contributes to the development of hypertension is uncertain. We present evidence that following angiotensin II (AngII) infusion the TNFα type 1 receptor (TNFR1) plays a key role in heightened glutamate signaling in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN), a key central coordinator of blood pressure control. Fourteen day administration of a slow-pressor dose of AngII in male mice was associated with transcriptional and post-transcriptional (increased plasma membrane affiliation) regulation of TNFR1 in the PVN. Further, TNFR1 was shown to be critical for elevated NMDA-mediated excitatory currents in sympathoexcitatory PVN neurons following AngII infusion. Finally, silencing PVN TNFR1 prevented the increase in systolic blood pressure induced by AngII. These findings indicate that TNFR1 modulates a cellular pathway involving an increase in NMDA-mediated currents in the PVN following AngII infusion, suggesting a mechanism whereby TNFR1 activation contributes to hypertension via heightened hypothalamic glutamate-dependent signaling.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Inflammation is critical for the emergence of hypertension, yet the mechanisms by which inflammatory mediators contribute to this dysfunction are not clearly defined. We show that tumor necrosis factor α receptor 1 (TNFR1) in the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PVN), a critical neuroregulator of cardiovascular function, plays an important role in the development of hypertension in mice. In the PVN, TNFR1 expression and plasma membrane localization are upregulated during hypertension induced by angiotensin II (AngII). Further, TNFR1 activation was essential for NMDA signaling and the heightening NMDA currents during hypertension. Finally, TNFR1 silencing in the PVN inhibits elevated blood pressure induced by AngII. These results point to a critical role for hypothalamic TNFR1 signaling in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Woods
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065
| | - Jose Marques-Lopes
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065
| | - Natalina H Contoreggi
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065
| | - Teresa A Milner
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065
- Harold and Milliken Hatch Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065
| | - Virginia M Pickel
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065
| | - Gang Wang
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065
| | - Michael J Glass
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065
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25
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Yang J, Zhang QJ, Zhang JY, Wang YM, Zhu GQ, Song NH, Wang ZJ, Chen JH, Xia JD. Upregulated expression of NMDA receptor in the paraventricular nucleus shortens ejaculation latency in rats with experimental autoimmune prostatitis. Andrology 2021; 9:352-360. [PMID: 32749055 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Estimated 30%-40% of patients with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) suffer from premature ejaculation (PE), which is difficult to cure, but the mechanism is still unknown. Based on the results of our previous clinical studies and animal experiments, we propose that the glutamatergic system dysfunction in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) may be involved. METHODS To test this hypothesis, we used experimental autoimmune prostatitis (EAP) rats to investigate the effects of CP/CPPS on ejaculation behavior through integrating copulatory behavior testing, neuroelectrophysiologic experiments, and molecular biology technologies. RESULTS Histological examination of prostate tissue in EAP rats exhibited consistent pathological findings with that in CP/CPPS patients. Behavior testing showed that ejaculation latency (EL) of EAP rats significantly shortened compared with the controls (5.1 ± 1.8 vs 9.1 ± 2.4 min, P < .001). Sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity testing revealed that EAP rats displayed significantly higher plasma norepinephrine (NE) level (1780 ± 493 vs 1421 ± 453 pg/mL, P = .043) and SNS sensitivity (67.8 ± 9.6 vs 44.6 ± 8.7%, P < .001). Immunohistochemical detection and Western blot analysis both displayed that NR1 subunit expression of N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors in the PVN of EAP rats was significantly upregulated (P = .007 and P < .001). Furthermore, the expression of NMDA NR1 subunit positively correlated both with SNS sensitivity (r = .917, P < .001) and prostatic inflammation scores (r = .964, P < .001). CONCLUSION This study shows that EAP rats suffer from the same PE symptom as CP/CPPS patients. CP/CPPS-induced inflammatory-immune response can significantly upregulate the expression of NMDA receptors in the PVN, which shortening the EL by enhancing SNS sensitivity. However, the exact mechanism of chronic inflammation in the prostate causing the upregulated expression of NMDA receptors needs to be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qi-Jie Zhang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia-Yi Zhang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ya-Min Wang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guo-Qing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ning-Hong Song
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zeng-Jun Wang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian-Huai Chen
- Department of Andrology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia-Dong Xia
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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26
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Zhang B, Zhong J, Gao Z. A Brain-Spleen Axis Regulates Humoral Immunity. Neurosci Bull 2020; 37:427-429. [PMID: 33185846 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-020-00610-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- Neuroscience Research Center and Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jinjie Zhong
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhihua Gao
- Neuroscience Research Center and Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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27
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Zheng F, Ye C, Wan GW, Zhou B, Tong Y, Lei JZ, Chen Q, Li YH, Kang YM, Zhu GQ. Interleukin-1β in hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus mediates excitatory renal reflex. Pflugers Arch 2020; 472:1577-1586. [PMID: 32915316 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-020-02461-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Chemical stimulation of kidney causes sympathetic activation and pressor responses in rats. The excitatory renal reflex (ERR) is mediated by angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R) and superoxide anions in hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN). The aim of this study is to determine whether interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in the PVN mediates the ERR, and whether the IL-1β production in the PVN is dependent on the AT1R-superoxide anion signaling. Experiments were performed in adult rats under anesthesia. The ERR was induced by renal infusion of capsaicin, and evaluated by the responses of the contralateral renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) and mean arterial pressure (MAP). Inhibition of IL-1β production with MCC950 in the PVN dose-dependently inhibited the capsaicin-induced ERR and sympathetic activation. The PVN microinjection of IL-1 receptor antagonist IL-1Ra or specific IL-1β antibody abolished the capsaicin-induced ERR, while IL-1β enhanced the ERR. Renal infusion of capsaicin promoted p65-NFκB phosphorylation and IL-1β production in the PVN, which were prevented by PVN microinjection of NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin or the superoxide anion scavenger tempol. The PVN microinjection of NFκB inhibitor BMS-345541 abolished the capsaicin induced-ERR and IL-1β production, but not the NADPH oxidase activation and superoxide anion production. Furthermore, capsaicin-induced p65-NFκB phosphorylation and IL-1β production in the PVN were prevented by AT1R antagonist losartan, or angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor captopril. These results indicate that capsaicin-induced ERR and sympathetic activation are mediated by IL-1β in the PVN. The IL-1β production in the PVN is dependent on the AT1R-mediated superoxide anion generation and NFκB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Translational Medicine for Cardiovascular Disease, and Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Ye
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Translational Medicine for Cardiovascular Disease, and Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guo-Wei Wan
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Translational Medicine for Cardiovascular Disease, and Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Translational Medicine for Cardiovascular Disease, and Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Tong
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Translational Medicine for Cardiovascular Disease, and Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian-Zhen Lei
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Translational Medicine for Cardiovascular Disease, and Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue-Hua Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu-Ming Kang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Guo-Qing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Translational Medicine for Cardiovascular Disease, and Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China. .,Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China.
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28
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Ito K. Review of the health benefits of habitual consumption of miso soup: focus on the effects on sympathetic nerve activity, blood pressure, and heart rate. Environ Health Prev Med 2020; 25:45. [PMID: 32867671 PMCID: PMC7461326 DOI: 10.1186/s12199-020-00883-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
High salt intake increases blood pressure, and dietary salt intake has been clearly demonstrated to be associated with hypertension incidence. Japanese people consume higher amounts of salt than Westerners. It has been reported that miso soup was one of the major sources of daily salt intake in Japanese people. Adding salt is indispensable to make miso, and therefore, in some cases, refraining from miso soup is recommended to reduce dietary salt intake. However, recent studies using salt-sensitive hypertensive models have revealed that miso lessens the effects of salt on blood pressure. In other word, the intake of miso dose not increase the blood pressure compared to the equivalent intake of salt. In addition, many clinical observational studies have demonstrated the absence of a relationship between the frequency of miso soup intake and blood pressure levels or hypertension incidence. The mechanism of this phenomenon seen in the subjects with miso soup intake has not been fully elucidated yet. However, in basic studies, it was found that the ingredients of miso attenuate sympathetic nerve activity, resulting in lowered blood pressure and heart rate. Therefore, this review focused on the differences between the effects of miso intake and those of the equivalent salt intake on sympathetic nerve activity, blood pressure, and heart rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Ito
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Japan Community Healthcare Organization, Kyushu Hospital, 1-8-1, Kishinoura, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 806-8501, Japan.
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29
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Angiotensin Type 1 Receptors and Superoxide Anion Production in Hypothalamic Paraventricular Nucleus Contribute to Capsaicin-Induced Excitatory Renal Reflex and Sympathetic Activation. Neurosci Bull 2020; 36:463-474. [PMID: 31989424 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-019-00460-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical stimulation of the kidney increases sympathetic activity and blood pressure in rats. The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) is important in mediating the excitatory renal reflex (ERR). In this study, we examined the role of molecular signaling in the PVN in mediating the capsaicin-induced ERR and sympathetic activation. Bilateral PVN microinjections were performed in rats under anesthesia. The ERR was elicited by infusion of capsaicin into the cortico-medullary border of the right kidney. The reflex was evaluated as the capsaicin-induced changes in left renal sympathetic nerve activity and mean arterial pressure. Blockade of angiotensin type 1 receptors with losartan or inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme with captopril in the PVN abolished the capsaicin-induced ERR. Renal infusion of capsaicin significantly increased NAD(P)H oxidase activity and superoxide anion production in the PVN, which were prevented by ipsilateral renal denervation or microinjection of losartan into the PVN. Furthermore, either scavenging of superoxide anions or inhibition of NAD(P)H oxidase in the PVN abolished the capsaicin-induced ERR. We conclude that the ERR induced by renal infusion of capsaicin is mediated by angiotensin type 1 receptor-related NAD(P)H oxidase activation and superoxide anion production within the PVN.
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30
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Dalmasso C, Leachman JR, Osborn JL, Loria AS. Sensory signals mediating high blood pressure via sympathetic activation: role of adipose afferent reflex. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2019; 318:R379-R389. [PMID: 31868518 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00079.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Blood pressure regulation in health and disease involves a balance between afferent and efferent signals from multiple organs and tissues. Although there are numerous reviews focused on the role of sympathetic nerves in different models of hypertension, few have revised the contribution of afferent nerves innervating adipose tissue and their role in the development of obesity-induced hypertension. Both clinical and basic research support the beneficial effects of bilateral renal denervation in lowering blood pressure. However, recent studies revealed that afferent signals from adipose tissue, in an adipose-brain-peripheral pathway, could contribute to the increased sympathetic activation and blood pressure during obesity. This review focuses on the role of adipose tissue afferent reflexes and briefly describes a number of other afferent reflexes modulating blood pressure. A comprehensive understanding of how multiple afferent reflexes contribute to the pathophysiology of essential and/or obesity-induced hypertension may provide significant insights into improving antihypertensive therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Dalmasso
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Jacqueline R Leachman
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Jeffrey L Osborn
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Analia S Loria
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
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31
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Ovalles AC, Contoreggi NH, Marques-Lopes J, Van Kempen TA, Iadecola C, Waters EM, Glass MJ, Milner TA. Plasma Membrane Affiliated AMPA GluA1 in Estrogen Receptor β-containing Paraventricular Hypothalamic Neurons Increases Following Hypertension in a Mouse Model of Post-menopause. Neuroscience 2019; 423:192-205. [PMID: 31682817 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Sex and ovarian function contribute to hypertension susceptibility, however, the mechanisms are not well understood. Prior studies show that estrogens and neurogenic factors, including hypothalamic glutamatergic NMDA receptor plasticity, play significant roles in rodent hypertension. Here, we investigated the role of sex and ovarian failure on AMPA receptor plasticity in estrogen-sensitive paraventricular nucleus (PVN) neurons in naïve and angiotensin II (AngII) infused male and female mice and female mice at early and late stages of accelerated ovarian failure (AOF). High-resolution electron microscopy was used to assess the subcellular distribution of AMPA GluA1 in age-matched male and female estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) reporter mice as well as female ERβ-EGFP mice treated with 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide. In the absence of AngII, female mice at a late stage of AOF displayed higher levels of GluA1 on the plasma membrane, indicative of functional protein, in ERβ-expressing PVN dendrites when compared to male, naïve female and early stage AOF mice. Following slow-pressor AngII infusion, males, as well as early and late stage AOF females had elevated blood pressure. Significantly, only late stage-AOF female mice infused with AngII had an increase in GluA1 near the plasma membrane in dendrites of ERβ-expressing PVN neurons. In contrast, prior studies reported that plasmalemmal NMDA GluN1 increased in ERβ-expressing PVN dendrites in males and early, but not late stage AOF females. Together, these findings reveal that early and late stage AOF female mice display unique molecular signatures of long-lasting synaptic strength prior to, and following hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid C Ovalles
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, 407 East 61st Street, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Natalina H Contoreggi
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, 407 East 61st Street, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jose Marques-Lopes
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, 407 East 61st Street, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Tracey A Van Kempen
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, 407 East 61st Street, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Costantino Iadecola
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, 407 East 61st Street, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Waters
- Harold and Margaret Milliken Hatch Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Michael J Glass
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, 407 East 61st Street, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Teresa A Milner
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, 407 East 61st Street, New York, NY 10065, USA; Harold and Margaret Milliken Hatch Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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32
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Mukerjee S, Gao H, Xu J, Sato R, Zsombok A, Lazartigues E. ACE2 and ADAM17 Interaction Regulates the Activity of Presympathetic Neurons. Hypertension 2019; 74:1181-1191. [PMID: 31564162 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.119.13133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Brain renin angiotensin system within the paraventricular nucleus plays a critical role in balancing excitatory and inhibitory inputs to modulate sympathetic output and blood pressure regulation. We previously identified ACE2 and ADAM17 as a compensatory enzyme and a sheddase, respectively, involved in brain renin angiotensin system regulation. Here, we investigated the opposing contribution of ACE2 and ADAM17 to hypothalamic presympathetic activity and ultimately neurogenic hypertension. New mouse models were generated where ACE2 and ADAM17 were selectively knocked down from all neurons (AC-N) or Sim1 neurons (SAT), respectively. Neuronal ACE2 deletion revealed a reduction of inhibitory inputs to AC-N presympathetic neurons relevant to blood pressure regulation. Primary neuron cultures confirmed ACE2 expression on GABAergic neurons synapsing onto excitatory neurons within the hypothalamus but not on glutamatergic neurons. ADAM17 expression was shown to colocalize with angiotensin-II type 1 receptors on Sim1 neurons, and the pressor relevance of this neuronal population was demonstrated by photoactivation. Selective knockdown of ADAM17 was associated with a reduction of FosB gene expression, increased vagal tone, and prevented the acute pressor response to centrally administered angiotensin-II. Chronically, SAT mice exhibited a blunted blood pressure elevation and preserved ACE2 activity during development of salt-sensitive hypertension. Bicuculline injection in those models confirmed the supporting role of ACE2 on GABAergic tone to the paraventricular nucleus. Together, our study demonstrates the contrasting impact of ACE2 and ADAM17 on neuronal excitability of presympathetic neurons within the paraventricular nucleus and the consequences of this mutual regulation in the context of neurogenic hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snigdha Mukerjee
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (S.M., J.X., E.L.), Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans.,Cardiovascular Center of Excellence (S.M., J.X., E.L.), Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans.,Neuroscience Center of Excellence (S.M., J.X., E.L.), Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans
| | - Hong Gao
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine (H.G., R.S., A.Z.), Tulane University, New Orleans.,Brain Institute (H.G., A.Z.), Tulane University, New Orleans
| | - Jiaxi Xu
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (S.M., J.X., E.L.), Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans.,Cardiovascular Center of Excellence (S.M., J.X., E.L.), Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans.,Neuroscience Center of Excellence (S.M., J.X., E.L.), Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans.,SouthEast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans (J.X., E.L.)
| | - Ryosuke Sato
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine (H.G., R.S., A.Z.), Tulane University, New Orleans
| | - Andrea Zsombok
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine (H.G., R.S., A.Z.), Tulane University, New Orleans.,Brain Institute (H.G., A.Z.), Tulane University, New Orleans
| | - Eric Lazartigues
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (S.M., J.X., E.L.), Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans.,Cardiovascular Center of Excellence (S.M., J.X., E.L.), Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans.,Neuroscience Center of Excellence (S.M., J.X., E.L.), Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans.,SouthEast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans (J.X., E.L.)
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33
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Ye C, Qiu Y, Zhang F, Chen AD, Zhou H, Wang JJ, Chen Q, Li YH, Kang YM, Zhu GQ. Chemical Stimulation of Renal Tissue Induces Sympathetic Activation and a Pressor Response via the Paraventricular Nucleus in Rats. Neurosci Bull 2019; 36:143-152. [PMID: 31392556 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-019-00417-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sympathetic activation and the kidney play critical roles in hypertension and chronic heart failure. The role of the kidney in sympathetic activation is still not well known. In this study, we revealed an excitatory renal reflex (ERR) in rats induced by chemical stimulation of the kidney that regulated sympathetic activity and blood pressure. The ERR was induced by renal infusion of capsaicin, and evaluated by the changes in renal sympathetic outflow, blood pressure, and heart rate. Renal infusion of capsaicin dose-dependently increased the contralateral renal sympathetic nerve activity, mean arterial pressure, and heart rate. Capsaicin in the cortico-medullary border had greater effects than in the cortex or medulla. Intravenous infusion of capsaicin had no significant effects. The effects of renal infusion of capsaicin were abolished by ipsilateral renal denervation, but were not affected by bilateral sinoaortic denervation. Renal infusion of capsaicin increased the ipsilateral renal afferent activity. The ERR was also induced by renal infusion of bradykinin, adenosine, and angiotensin II, but not by ATP. Renal infusion of capsaicin increased c-Fos expression in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of hypothalamus. Lesion of neurons in the PVN with kainic acid abolished the capsaicin-induced ERR. These findings indicate that chemical stimulation of kidney causes an excitatory reflex, leading to sympathetic activation, pressor response, and accelerated heart rate. The PVN is an important central nucleus in the pathway of the ERR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ye
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Translational Medicine for Cardiovascular Disease, and Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Yun Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Translational Medicine for Cardiovascular Disease, and Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Translational Medicine for Cardiovascular Disease, and Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Ai-Dong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Translational Medicine for Cardiovascular Disease, and Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Translational Medicine for Cardiovascular Disease, and Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Jue-Jin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Translational Medicine for Cardiovascular Disease, and Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Yue-Hua Li
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Yu-Ming Kang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Guo-Qing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Translational Medicine for Cardiovascular Disease, and Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China. .,Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
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34
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Kim YB, Colwell CS, Kim YI. Long-term ionic plasticity of GABAergic signalling in the hypothalamus. J Neuroendocrinol 2019; 31:e12753. [PMID: 31166034 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The hypothalamus contains a number of nuclei that subserve a variety of functions, including generation of circadian rhythms, regulation of hormone secretion and maintenance of homeostatic levels for a variety of physiological parameters. Within the hypothalamus, γ-amino-butyric acid (GABA) is one of the major neurotransmitters responsible for cellular communication. Although GABA most commonly serves as an inhibitory neurotransmitter, a growing body of evidence indicates that it can evoke post-synaptic excitation as a result of the active regulation of intracellular chloride concentration. In this review, we consider the evidence for this ionic plasticity of GABAergic synaptic transmission in five distinct cases in hypothalamic cell populations. We argue that this plasticity serves as part of the functional response to or is at least associated with dehydration, lactation, hypertension and stress. As such, GABA excitation should be considered as part of the core homeostatic mechanisms of the hypothalamus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Beom Kim
- Department of Physiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Christopher S Colwell
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yang In Kim
- Department of Physiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
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35
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Zhang BB, Jin H, Bing YH, Zhang XY, Chu CP, Li YZ, Qiu DL. A Nitric Oxide-Dependent Presynaptic LTP at Glutamatergic Synapses of the PVN Magnocellular Neurosecretory Cells in vitro in Rats. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:283. [PMID: 31316353 PMCID: PMC6610542 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The magnocellular neurosecretory cells (MNCs) of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) integrate incoming signals to secrete oxytocin (OT), and vasopressin (VP) from their nerve terminals in the posterior pituitary gland. In the absence of gamma-aminobutyric acid A (GABAA) and cannabinoids 1 (CB1) receptor activity, we used whole-cell patch-clamp recording, single-cell reverse transcription-multiplex polymerase chain reaction (SC-RT-mPCR), biocytin histochemistry and pharmacological methods to examine the mechanism of high frequency stimulus (HFS, 100 Hz)-induced long-term potentiation (LTP) at glutamatergic synapses in the PVN MNCs of juvenile male rats. Our results showed that HFS-induced LTP at glutamatergic synapses was accompanied by a decrease in the paired-pulse ratio (PPR) of the PVN MNCs. In these MNCs, HFS-induced LTP persisted in the presence of a group 1 metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR1) antagonist; however, it was abolished by an N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor blocker. Notably, HFS-induced LTP in the PVN MNCs was completely prevented by a nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor. The application of an NO donor not only induced the LTP of excitatory glutamatergic inputs in the PVN MNCs, but also occluded the HFS-induced LTP in these MNCs. Moreover, HFS-induced LTP in the PVN MNCs was also abolished by a specific protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor, KT5720. SC-RT-mPCR analysis revealed that 64.5% (62/96) of MNCs expressed OT mRNA. Our results indicate that a HFS can induce an NMDA receptor and NO cascades dependent on presynaptic glutamatergic LTP in the PVN MNCs via a PKA signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin-Bin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Function and Pharmacology of Jilin Province, Yanbian University, Yanji, China.,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Hua Jin
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Function and Pharmacology of Jilin Province, Yanbian University, Yanji, China.,Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Yan-Hua Bing
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Function and Pharmacology of Jilin Province, Yanbian University, Yanji, China.,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Chun-Ping Chu
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Function and Pharmacology of Jilin Province, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Yu-Zi Li
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Function and Pharmacology of Jilin Province, Yanbian University, Yanji, China.,Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - De-Lai Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Function and Pharmacology of Jilin Province, Yanbian University, Yanji, China.,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
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36
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Autonomic Regulation of the Cardiovascular System: Diseases, Treatments, and Novel Approaches. Neurosci Bull 2019; 35:1-3. [PMID: 30659525 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-019-00337-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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