Is the effect of high fat diet on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism related to inflammation?

Serum high C reactive protein concentrations are related to the intake of dietary macronutrients and fiber: Findings from a large representative Persian population sample

OBJECTIVE

Serum high-sensitivity CRP is a marker of inflammation and an independent predictor of chronic diseases. However, the effect of diet on serum hs-CRP is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between dietary macronutrient intake and serum hs-CRP.

DESIGN AND METHODS

We recruited 9778 adults, aged 35-65years as part of the MASHAD study. Dietary intake was determined using 24-hour dietary recall and several biochemical parameters including serum hs-CRP were measured. Analysis of covariance was used for assessment of crude and energy-adjusted nutrients across quartiles of serum hs-CRP. To find the association of dietary nutrients intake and serum hs-CRP level, we used logistic regression in different model.

RESULTS

Unadjusted and adjusted multivariate analyses indicate that there was a significant positive association between dietary protein and sodium intake and serum hs-CRP concentrations. There was also a positive association with dietary fat and cholesterol and serum hs-CRP in the adjusted models. There was a significant inverse association between dietary carbohydrate and fiber consumption and serum hs-CRP in both crude and adjusted models.

CONCLUSION

We have found a significant positive association between the dietary intake of fat, protein, cholesterol and sodium and hs-CRP level, and an inverse correlation between dietary carbohydrate and fiber and serum hs-CRP in a large representative Iranian population.

High-fat diet effects on metabolic responses to chronic stress

CONTEXT

High-fat diets and chronic stress are prevalent risk factors for various chronic diseases in modern societies.

OBJECTIVE

This study investigated the effect of high-fat diet on glucose-related metabolic responses to chronic foot-shock stress.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Male rats were divided into high-fat diet (containing 54.21% saturated and 44.89% unsaturated fatty acids) and normal diet groups and then into stress and non-stress subgroups. The diets were applied for 5 weeks, and stress was induced during the last week of the diet course. Plasma levels of metabolic parameters, HOMA-IR index, intra-abdominal fat weight, and islets' insulin secretion were assessed.

RESULTS

High-fat diet increased abdominal fat weight and plasma leptin, and insulin levels in response to stress without affecting HOMA-IR index and islets' insulin secretion.

CONCLUSIONS

High proportion of unsaturated fat may not lead to deleterious metabolic responses; however combined with chronic stress has a synergistic and adverse effect on visceral adiposity and results in elevated plasma leptin.