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Zhao M, Wang Y, Zeng Y, Huang H, Xu T, Liu B, Wu C, Luo X, Jiang Y. Gene‒environment interaction effect of hypothalamic‒pituitary‒adrenal axis gene polymorphisms and job stress on the risk of sleep disturbances. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17119. [PMID: 38525273 PMCID: PMC10960531 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Studies have shown that chronic exposure to job stress may increase the risk of sleep disturbances and that hypothalamic‒pituitary‒adrenal (HPA) axis gene polymorphisms may play an important role in the psychopathologic mechanisms of sleep disturbances. However, the interactions among job stress, gene polymorphisms and sleep disturbances have not been examined from the perspective of the HPA axis. This study aimed to know whether job stress is a risk factor for sleep disturbances and to further explore the effect of the HPA axis gene × job stress interaction on sleep disturbances among railway workers. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 671 participants (363 males and 308 females) from the China Railway Fuzhou Branch were included. Sleep disturbances were evaluated with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and job stress was measured with the Effort-Reward Imbalance scale (ERI). Generalized multivariate dimensionality reduction (GMDR) models were used to assess gene‒environment interactions. Results We found a significant positive correlation between job stress and sleep disturbances (P < 0.01). The FKBP5 rs1360780-T and rs4713916-A alleles and the CRHR1 rs110402-G allele were associated with increased sleep disturbance risk, with adjusted ORs (95% CIs) of 1.75 [1.38-2.22], 1.68 [1.30-2.18] and 1.43 [1.09-1.87], respectively. However, the FKBP5 rs9470080-T allele was a protective factor against sleep disturbances, with an OR (95% CI) of 0.65 [0.51-0.83]. GMDR analysis indicated that under job stress, individuals with the FKBP5 rs1368780-CT, rs4713916-GG, and rs9470080-CT genotypes and the CRHR1 rs110402-AA genotype had the greatest risk of sleep disturbances. Conclusions Individuals carrying risk alleles who experience job stress may be at increased risk of sleep disturbances. These findings may provide new insights into stress-related sleep disturbances in occupational populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhao
- Department of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuxi Wang
- Department of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yidan Zeng
- Department of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Huimin Huang
- Department of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Tong Xu
- Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Baoying Liu
- Department of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chuancheng Wu
- Department of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiufeng Luo
- Fuzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Department of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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Kaila-Kangas L, Haukka E, Lallukka T, Rahkonen O, Toppinen-Tanner S, Leino-Arjas P. Work-family conflicts and long-term medically certified sickness absence due to mental disorders - a follow-up study of female municipal employees. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1137. [PMID: 37312062 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16075-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND . Decreased work ability due to mental disorders is a growing concern in Europe. We studied the role of work-family conflicts in association with long-term sickness absence due to mental disorders (LTSA-MD). METHODS . Baseline data were extracted from the Helsinki Health Study for women aged 40 to 55 in full-time work in 2001 - 2002 (N = 2386). Questionnaire responses were linked with register data from the Social Insurance Institution of Finland on SA spells due to mental disorders during 2004-2010. We studied an overall question on satisfaction with combining work and family (WFS) and composite scores of work-to-family conflicts (WTFC) and family-to-work-conflicts (FTWC), and their components in association with the first certified SA spell (≥ 12 calendar days) due to a mental disorder during the follow-up. We performed Cox regression analyses with hazard ratios (HR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) adjusted for sociodemographic factors, work schedule, perceived mental and physical strenuousness at work, and self-rated health. First, we examined all participants, and second, only those who reported no prior mental disorder. RESULTS . Poor work-family satisfaction (WFS) was associated with subsequent LTSA-MD, adjusting for all covariates (HR 1.60; 95% CI 1.10-2.16). Both high WTFC (1.64; 1.15-2.23), and high FTWC (1.43; 1.02-2.00) increased the probability of LTSA-MD in the full model. When participants with prior mental disorder were excluded, the association between poor WFS and WTFC with LTSA-MD retained while that between FTWC and LTSA-MD attenuated; however, two items of the FTWC were still associated with LTSA-MD: 'Family worries and problems distract you from your work' and 'Family matters prevent you from sleeping enough to do your job well'. Of the WTFC items, the following remained associated with LTSA-MD: 'Problems at work make you irritable at home' and 'Your job takes so much energy you do not feel up to doing things that need attention at home'. The experience of decreased time for work or family did not associate with LTSA-MD. CONCLUSIONS . Among female municipal employees, dissatisfaction with combining work and family and both work-to-family and family-to-work conflicts were associated with subsequent long-term sickness absence due to mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leena Kaila-Kangas
- Specialized Researcher, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, 00032 Työterveyslaitos, Box 18, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Eija Haukka
- Specialized Researcher, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, 00032 Työterveyslaitos, Box 18, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tea Lallukka
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ossi Rahkonen
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Salla Toppinen-Tanner
- Specialized Researcher, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, 00032 Työterveyslaitos, Box 18, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Päivi Leino-Arjas
- Specialized Researcher, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, 00032 Työterveyslaitos, Box 18, Helsinki, Finland
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Sato S, Liu Y, Ikeda A, Filomeno R, Suzuki Y, Maruyama K, Tomooka K, Wada H, Koyama Y, Tanigawa T. Work-family conflict and insomnia symptoms among women working in aged care services in Japan. Sleep Med 2021; 82:155-158. [PMID: 33930791 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2021.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The association between work-family conflict and insomnia has not been thoroughly studied. Therefore, we sought to examine the relationship between work-family conflict and insomnia symptoms among Japanese working women. METHODS In a cross-sectional study, 608 women aged 18-60 years old who worked in aged care services between 2015 and 2016 were selected, and 445 of these women were ultimately included. Insomnia symptoms were measured using the Athens Insomnia Scale. Work-to-family conflict (WFC) and family-to-work conflict (FWC) were assessed through a self-administered questionnaire and were divided into four categories: low work-family conflict (low WFC and FWC), high FWC, high WFC, and high work-family conflict (high WFC and FWC). The prevalence ratio (PR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of insomnia symptoms were calculated using a Poisson regression model after multivariable adjustment. RESULTS The multivariable-adjusted PR (95% CI) of insomnia symptoms was 1.99 (1.34-2.93) in the high work-family conflict group compared to the low work-family conflict group. CONCLUSIONS The results from the present study suggest that insomnia symptoms are highly prevalent among working women in aged care services with high work-family conflict.
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Affiliation(s)
- Setsuko Sato
- Department of Public Health, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Yi Liu
- Linyi Healthcare Security Administration, No.33, Beijing Road, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Ai Ikeda
- Department of Public Health, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Ronald Filomeno
- Atopy Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8421, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuka Suzuki
- Department of Public Health, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan; Social and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 2-7, Daigakumachi, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan
| | - Koutatsu Maruyama
- Department of Public Health, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan; Laboratory of Community Health and Nutrition, Special Course of Food and Health Science, Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7, Tarumi, Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-0905, Japan
| | - Kiyohide Tomooka
- Department of Public Health, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Hiroo Wada
- Department of Public Health, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Yasunari Koyama
- Department of Public Health, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Takeshi Tanigawa
- Department of Public Health, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
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Magnusson L, Håkansson C, Brandt S, Öberg M, Orban K. Occupational balance and sleep among women. Scand J Occup Ther 2020; 28:643-651. [PMID: 32186421 DOI: 10.1080/11038128.2020.1721558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In occupational therapy, while several studies have focussed on occupational balance, few have investigated it in the context of sleep. AIMS The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between sleep and occupational balance among women. MATERIAL AND METHODS In total, 157 women responded to the Occupational Balance Questionnaire and Karolinska Sleep Questionnaire. Linear regression was used to analyse data. RESULTS The median score for occupational balance was 12 (interquartile range [IQR] 9), while that for sleep was 86 (IQR 16). Sleep and sleepiness fatigue were significantly associated (p < 0.1) with satisfaction with the number of occupations during a regular week. Difficulties awakening and snoring disorders were significantly associated (p < 0.1) with balance with physical, social, intellectual, and restful occupations. CONCLUSIONS The majority of participants slept well and had a good sleep quality. There is an association between occupational balance and sleep. In particular, aspects related to the number of occupations, adequate time to perform them and the time spent recovering and sleeping were associated with good sleep quality. Balance among physical, social, intellectual, and restful occupations was associated with difficulties awakening and snoring. SIGNIFICANCE Our results support the need for occupational therapists to focus on occupational balance, to improve women's sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Magnusson
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Carita Håkansson
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sofie Brandt
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Malin Öberg
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Kristina Orban
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Social Epidemiology of Sleep: Extant Evidence and Future Directions. CURR EPIDEMIOL REP 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40471-019-00219-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Effectiveness of a Blended Web-Based Intervention to Raise Sleep Awareness at Workplace. J Occup Environ Med 2019; 61:e253-e259. [DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000001589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Chen Y, Li S. The Relationship Between Workplace Ostracism and Sleep Quality: A Mediated Moderation Model. Front Psychol 2019; 10:319. [PMID: 30886594 PMCID: PMC6409495 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Extant research suggests that workplace ostracism has a detrimental impact on the outcomes of employees. However, very little is known about the impact of workplace ostracism on sleep quality. Therefore, this study aimed to address this gap in the literature. By employing the extended stressor-detachment model, we investigated the mediating role of psychological detachment and the moderating role of coping humor. We used a self-report questionnaire and a time-lagged research design to assess employees' workplace ostracism, coping humor, psychological detachment, and sleep quality. A total of 403 valid questionnaires were obtained from participants in full-time employment in China. As predicted, the results showed that workplace ostracism is negatively associated with psychological detachment, which in turn, impairs sleep quality. We further found that high levels of coping humor buffer the negative effect of workplace ostracism on psychological detachment and sleep quality. In addition, the moderation effect of coping humor on the relationship between workplace ostracism and sleep quality is mediated by psychological detachment. Finally, based upon the results, we discuss the theoretical implications, provide practical proposals for managers and policymakers, and make suggestions for the direction of further research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shuang Li
- School of Management, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China
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8
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Germeys L, Leineweber C. Divergent concurrent and lagged effects of the reciprocal relation between work-nonwork interactions and sleep disturbance. Sleep 2019; 42:5250902. [PMID: 30561741 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Work-nonwork interactions and sleep disturbances are found to be important predictors of well-being and job performance outcomes. However, little is known about the mutual interrelations of the interactions between life domains and disturbed sleep over short and long periods of time. METHODS In total, 4079 representative individuals of the Swedish working population completed three subsequent waves of surveys with a time interval of 2 years (i.e. longitudinal design). RESULTS Concurrent, cross-lagged, and reverse directionality effects were simultaneously examined using autoregressive longitudinal path analysis. Contemporarily, interference between work and nonwork increased sleep disturbances, whereas work-nonwork enhancement decreased sleep disturbances. From one time point to the other, work-nonwork interference negatively related to sleep disturbances, and work-nonwork enhancement was mostly no longer (or positively) related to sleep disturbances. Over time sleep disturbances, in turn, predicted more interference and less enhancement between both life domains. CONCLUSIONS The results highlight that problematic work-nonwork interactions (i.e. high work-nonwork interference and low work-nonwork enhancement) disturb an individual's sleep in the short term (i.e. cross-sectional). Furthermore, the results suggest that individuals adapt to negative work-nonwork interactions over time, but that sleep disturbances impair an individual's work-nonwork interactions 2 years later.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn Germeys
- Work and Organisation Studies (WOS), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, Naamsestraat, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Constanze Leineweber
- Division of Epidemiology, Stress Research Institute (Stressforksningsinsitutet), Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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9
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Gisler S, Omansky R, Alenick PR, Tumminia AM, Eatough EM, Johnson RC. Work-life conflict and employee health: A review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jabr.12157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Gisler
- Baruch College & The Graduate Center; CUNY; New York New York
| | - Rachel Omansky
- Baruch College & The Graduate Center; CUNY; New York New York
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10
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE This article investigated whether work-to-family conflict (WFC) and work-to-family enrichment (WFE) were associated with employee sleep quality. WFC and WFE reflect the potential for experiences at work to negatively and positively influence nonworking life respectively, and may have implications for sleep quality. In this article, we examined whether WFC and WFE were linked with sleep quality via hedonic balance (i.e., positive affect relative to negative affect). PARTICIPANTS The sample included 3,170 employed Australian parents involved in the Household Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey. METHODS Information on WFC, WFE, hedonic balance, sleep quality, and relevant covariates was collected through a structured interview and self-completion questionnaire. RESULTS WFC was associated with poorer sleep quality (β = .27, p < .001), and this relationship was stronger in males than females and in dual parent-single income families. WFC was also found to be indirectly associated with poor sleep quality via a lower hedonic balance (β = .17, 99% confidence interval [.14, .20]). WFE was not directly associated with sleep quality, but was indirectly associated with better sleep quality via a higher hedonic balance (β = -.04 [-.07, -.02]). CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that aspects of the work-family interface are associated with employee sleep quality. Furthermore, affective experiences were found to link WFC and WFE with sleep quality. Workplace interventions that target WFC and WFE may have implications for employee sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A Magee
- a School of Psychology, University of Wollongong , Wollongong , Australia.,b Department of Health Studies , University of Stavanger , Stavanger, Norway
| | - Laura D Robinson
- b Department of Health Studies , University of Stavanger , Stavanger, Norway
| | - Alisha McGregor
- a School of Psychology, University of Wollongong , Wollongong , Australia
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11
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Association between insomnia and job stress: a meta-analysis. Sleep Breath 2018; 22:1221-1231. [PMID: 29959635 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-018-1682-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Insomnia has become one of the foremost health concerns among workers. Despite a significant number of epidemiological studies have reported on the correlation between insomnia and job stress, comprehensive evidence remains insufficient. Therefore, this research seeks to provide evidence with greater reliability, through summarizing relevant contemporary literature via a meta-analysis. METHODS Literature from across Europe and Asia that was of both a prospective and cross-sectional design was included, if well-controlled odds ratios were available. The meta-analysis was undertaken in accordance with the guidelines devised by PRISMA, including tests for publication bias and heterogeneity. RESULTS High job stress was associated with a greater risk of suffering from insomnia (random OR = 1.73, 95% CI 1.46-2.05), and the correlation between effort-reward imbalance and insomnia was statistically significant (random OR = 2.63, 95% CI 1.22-5.69). Higher demand was correlated to a relatively greater risk of insomnia (random OR = 1.35, 95% CI 1.20-1.51), while the pooled effect of low control was not found to be statistically significant. The summary random odds ratio of heavy workload was 2.76, and a pooled odds ratio of 1.67 (fixed, 95% CI 1.11-2.52) was calculated in low social support. With regard to the overall population, work-family conflict was correlated with insomnia (random OR = 2.32, 95% CI 1.53-3.51). The subgroup analysis provided comparable outcomes, for both males (fixed OR = 1.97, 95% CI 1.50-2.57) and females (random OR = 2.80, 95% CI 1.30-6.05). Egger's regression indicated that publication bias may be apparent in the syntheses of effort-reward imbalance, low social support, and work-family conflict (p < 0.05). Heterogeneity was caused by design, measuring the exposure or outcome, in addition to the region where the research was conducted. CONCLUSIONS The correlation between insomnia and higher levels of job stress, effort-reward imbalance, high demand, heavy workload, and low social support was determined. Publication bias and heterogeneity were partially observed. Furthermore, future studies with improved methodologies and a focus on mechanisms are anticipated.
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12
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Zhang Y, Duffy JF, De Castillero ER. Do sleep disturbances mediate the association between work-family conflict and depressive symptoms among nurses? A cross-sectional study. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs 2017; 24. [PMID: 28635074 PMCID: PMC5585039 DOI: 10.1111/jpm.12409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT Nurses are at a high risk for work-family conflict due to long and irregular work hours and multiple physical and psychosocial stressors in their work environment. Nurses report higher rates of depressive symptoms than the general public, leading to a high rate of burnout, absenteeism, and turnover. Work-family conflict is associated with negative consequences in nurses including physical illnesses and mental disorders. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE Past research on this topic has not examined the mechanisms for the effect of work family conflict on depression. Studies rarely examine the influence of health behaviors such as sleep in explaining this association. Our study identified significant association of sleep disturbances with both work-family conflict and depressive symptoms in nurses. Our main contribution is reporting the important role of sleep disturbances in translating the effect of work-family conflict on depressive symptoms among nurses. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Nurses need to receive training in best practices for maintaining their own sleep and mental health. Organizations should include sleep health education and training in workplace health programs. Evidence-based interventions to promote healthy sleep practices such as cognitive behavioral therapy and complementary and integrative approaches should be evaluated for their effectiveness in addressing the impact of work-family conflict on the mental health of nurses. Healthcare organizations should incorporate mental health services as part of their Employee Assistance Program for nurses and include psychological and sleep disorders screening, counseling, and follow-up. ABSTRACT Introduction Depression has been identified as the leading cause of disability worldwide. Nurses report higher rates of depression than the general public. Work-family conflict is challenging for nurses and may lead to depression and poor health. However, the mechanisms for the effect of work-family conflict on depression have not been well understood. Aim The objective is to use a cross-sectional design to examine the role of sleep disturbances in the association between work-family conflict and depressive symptoms in nurses. Methods Questionnaires, measuring working conditions, work-family conflict, sleep disturbances and depressive symptoms were collected from 397 nurses at a not-for-profit community hospital in the north-eastern United States. Results We observed a significant association between work-family conflict and depressive symptoms (β = 2.22, p < .001) among nurses. Sleep disturbances partially mediated this association by 40.54%. Discussion Sleep disturbances play an important role in translating work-family conflict into depressive symptoms. Implications Evidence-based interventions to promote healthy sleep practices should be evaluated for their effectiveness in addressing the impact of work-family conflict on mental health. Organizations should include sleep education and training as a component of workplace health promotion and employee assistance programmes to mitigate the effect of work-family conflict and promote overall health in nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhang
- Susan and Alan Solomont School of Nursing, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA
| | - J F Duffy
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham Women's Hospital, Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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13
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Work-family conflict and self-rated health among Japanese workers: How household income modifies associations. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0169903. [PMID: 28207757 PMCID: PMC5312934 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To examine associations between work-family conflict and self-rated health among Japanese workers and to determine whether the associations differed by household income. Data was derived from the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study for the Next Generation in Saku area in 2011-2012 (7,663 men and 7,070 women). Multivariate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for poor self-rated health by work-family conflict consisting of two dimensions (work-to-family and family-to-work conflicts) were calculated by gender and household income. Multivariate ORs of high work-to-family and family-to-work conflicts for poor self-rated health were 2.46 (95% CI; 2.04-2.97) for men and 3.54 (95% CI; 2.92-4.30) for women, with reference to the low work-to-family and family-to-work conflicts (p-value for gender interaction = 0.02). Subgroup analysis indicated that health effects of work-family conflict were likely to be more evident in the low income group only among women. Work-family conflict was associated with poor self-rated health among middle-aged Japanese men and women; its health impact was relatively stronger among women, and particularly economically disadvantaged women.
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Marino M, Killerby M, Lee S, Klein LC, Moen P, Olson R, Kossek EE, King R, Erickson L, Berkman LF, Buxton OM. The Effects of a Cluster Randomized Controlled Workplace Intervention on Sleep and Work-Family Conflict Outcomes in an Extended Care Setting. Sleep Health 2016; 2:297-308. [PMID: 28239635 PMCID: PMC5323265 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effects of a workplace-based intervention on actigraphic and self-reported sleep outcomes in an extended care setting. DESIGN Cluster randomized trial. SETTING Extended-care (nursing) facilities. PARTICIPANTS US employees and managers at nursing homes. Nursing homes were randomly selected to intervention or control settings. INTERVENTION The Work, Family and Health Study developed an intervention aimed at reducing work-family conflict within a 4-month work-family organizational change process. Employees participated in interactive sessions with facilitated discussions, role-playing, and games designed to increase control over work processes and work time. Managers completed training in family-supportive supervision. MEASUREMENTS Primary actigraphic outcomes included: total sleep duration, wake after sleep onset, nighttime sleep, variation in nighttime sleep, nap duration, and number of naps. Secondary survey outcomes included work-to-family conflict, sleep insufficiency, insomnia symptoms and sleep quality. Measures were obtained at baseline, 6-months and 12-months post-intervention. RESULTS A total of 1,522 employees and 184 managers provided survey data at baseline. Managers and employees in the intervention arm showed no significant difference in sleep outcomes over time compared to control participants. Sleep outcomes were not moderated by work-to-family conflict or presence of children in the household for managers or employees. Age significantly moderated an intervention effect on nighttime sleep among employees (p=0.040), where younger employees benefited more from the intervention. CONCLUSION In the context of an extended-care nursing home workplace, the intervention did not significantly alter sleep outcomes in either managers or employees. Moderating effects of age were identified where younger employees' sleep outcomes benefited more from the intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Marino
- Department of Family Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
| | - Marie Killerby
- Department of Family Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Soomi Lee
- Department of Biobehavioral Health and Penn State Institute of the Neurosciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Laura Cousino Klein
- Department of Biobehavioral Health and Penn State Institute of the Neurosciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Phyllis Moen
- Department of Sociology and Minnesota Population Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ryan Olson
- Department of Family Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Department of Psychology, Portland State University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Ellen Ernst Kossek
- Krannert School of Management, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Rosalind King
- Population Dynamics Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Lisa F Berkman
- Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Orfeu M Buxton
- Department of Biobehavioral Health and Penn State Institute of the Neurosciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA; Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Psychosocial work factors and sleep problems: findings from the French national SIP survey. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2015; 89:485-95. [DOI: 10.1007/s00420-015-1087-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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