Serological markers and molecular analysis of hepatitis B infection in a tertiary care hospital at Kathmandu, Nepal

A Recent Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Genotypes and Subtypes in Asia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background and Aim: Despite introducing the hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine, the incidence of the Hepatitis B virus globally is still a major health concern. This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to provide detailed information on the prevalence of HBV genotypes and subtypes in circulation in Asia. Methods: A systematic search for articles describing the prevalence of HBV genotypes and subtypes in Asia was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Results: Our search returned 207 eligible articles involving 49,279 genotypes and 7457 subtypes representing 28 Asian countries. A meta-analysis was performed on our eligible studies using the Random effect Model. The pooled prevalence of HBV genotypes showed that genotype C (30.9%) (95% CI, 27.5–34.5%; I2 = 97.57%; p < 0.001) was the most common HBV genotype in Asia, followed by genotype B (17.8%) (95% CI, 15.5–20.4%; I2 = 97.26%; p < 0.001) and genotype D (15.4%) (95% CI, 11.8–19.8%). Vietnam had the highest prevalence of genotype B, Lebanon had the highest prevalence of genotypes C, and Jordan had the highest prevalence of genotype D. There was variation in genotypic prevalence with respect to the target genes for HBV genotyping. Reverse dot blot hybridization had the highest estimate of genotypes B and C. HBV subtype C2 (40.0%) (95% CI, 33.3–47.0) is the most prevalent HBV subtype. Conclusion: Evidence from this study reveals that HBV genotypes C and B are the most dominant HBV genotypes in Asia, and HBV subtype C2 is more endemic in Asia.

The Application of Focused Care Model in the Management of Hepatitis B Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital and the Impact on Patients’ Quality of Life

Chronic hepatitis B is one of the common infectious diseases in the world, with a wide epidemic range and strong contagiousness, which is difficult to completely eradicate. From July 2020 to April 2022, 142 patients with hepatitis B who were admitted to tertiary hospitals were selected and randomly divided into 2 cases, with 71 cases per case. The control group adopts a conventional model, and the observation group implements a nursing model based on the control group. The management capacity and quality of life before and after the two groups of care were compared. 94 patients with chronic hepatitis B who were admitted to the hospital from July 2020 to April 2022 were selected, and 47 cases were divided into the control group and observation group according to the admission time. The control group is given a conventional model, and the observation group is given a nursing model on the basis of the control group. Both groups of patients observed anxiety self-assessment scale (SAS), depression self-assessment scale (SDS), short life span scale (SF-36) scores, and treatment conditions before and after the intervention, to explore the application of nursing model in the management of hepatitis B patients in tertiary hospitals and its impact on patient quality of life. Based on study's precare outcomes, there was no statistically significant difference between the self-administered scale (PIH) score and the quality of life measurement summary scale (QOL-BREF) score (P > 0.05) between the two groups. After one month of care, both groups had lower PIH scores than before care, and QOL-BREF scores were higher than before care (P < 0.05). After one month of treatment, the PIH score of the observation group was significantly reduced, and the QOL-BREF score after one month of treatment was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). The SAS and SDS scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and the quality of life scores and treatment compliance were higher than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusions. The nursing model can effectively improve the management and quality of life of hepatitis B patients. It also had a significant positive effect on the therapeutic capacity and quality of life of patients with hepatitis B and improved patient compliance behavior and quality of life.