1
|
Meagher M, Tamburro J, Boyle NR. A custom 3D printed paddlewheel improves growth in flat panel photobioreactor. Biotechnol Prog 2024:e3430. [PMID: 38247163 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.3430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
One of the main challenges with using flat panel photobioreactors for algal growth is uneven mixing and settling of cells in corners, especially when bubbling is the only method used for mixing. In order to improve mixing in our flat panel reactor, we designed a custom paddlewheel. Paddlewheels are frequently used in outdoor algae raceway ponds to improve mixing and we are taking advantage of the same principle for mixing in the reactor. The paddlewheel is easily integrated into our PSI FMT150 1-L flat panel photobioreactor and is printed on a 3D printer using high temperature poly lactic acid (HT-PLA). With the inclusion of an annealing step, the paddlewheel is autoclavable. Addition of the paddlewheel in the reactor minimized cell settling and improved algal growth, as evidenced by a nearly 40% increase in oxygen production rates. Nutrient dispersion and utilization in the culture was also improved as evidenced by a corresponding 38% decrease in CO2 concentration. The paddlewheel device presented here is a cost-effective method for improving algal growth in a flat panel photobioreactor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Meagher
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, USA
| | - Jacob Tamburro
- Quantitative Biosciences and Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, USA
| | - Nanette R Boyle
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, USA
- Quantitative Biosciences and Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jha P, Ghosh S, Panja A, Kumar V, Singh AK, Prasad R. Microalgae and biogas: a boon to energy sector. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-29135-y. [PMID: 37608163 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29135-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
The global energy generation market immensely depends on fossil fuels which balances our survival on this planet. Energy can be called as the "master element" for our daily needs, starting from household power supply, agricultural purpose, automobile and transportation, industrial workload to economic and research domains. Fuel switching initiatives are being adapted by environmentalist and scientists to bring a novel sustainable source of energy. An environment and renewable alternative to fossil fuels are a must. Over the years, the world has shifted toward generating green fuels immensely. One such potential alternative to fossil fuels are biogases. Being versatile and renewable in nature, it has drawn immense attention globally. Despite having such potentials there exist some major drawbacks which mainly deal with the starting material. One such source for biogases can be microalgae. Microalgae based biogas production can produce huge amount of energy and that has been implemented by many foreign countries and their companies. Despite being in use in many countries, there are issues which needs to be addressed which will overall improve the biogas potential from microalgae even more. This review mainly focuses on generation of biogas from microalgae as a feedstock which are very economical and sustainable in its nature, presenting improvement strategies which can be impended to boost the over biogas sector globally.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
- Department of Research Facilitation, Division of Research and Development, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Snigdha Ghosh
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Major Arterial Road, New Town, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700135, India
| | - Avirup Panja
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Major Arterial Road, New Town, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700135, India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
- Plant Biotechnology Lab, Division of Research and Development, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Akhilesh Kumar Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Belisarai, Motihari, Bihar, 845401, India
| | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Botany, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Belisarai, Motihari, Bihar, 845401, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lab-scale photobioreactor systems: principles, applications, and scalability. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2022; 45:791-813. [PMID: 35303143 PMCID: PMC9033726 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-022-02711-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Phototrophic microorganisms that convert carbon dioxide are being explored for their capacity to solve different environmental issues and produce bioactive compounds for human therapeutics and as food additives. Full-scale phototrophic cultivation of microalgae and cyanobacteria can be done in open ponds or closed photobioreactor systems, which have a broad range of volumes. This review focuses on laboratory-scale photobioreactors and their different designs. Illuminated microtiter plates and microfluidic devices offer an option for automated high-throughput studies with microalgae. Illuminated shake flasks are used for simple uncontrolled batch studies. The application of illuminated bubble column reactors strongly emphasizes homogenous gas distribution, while illuminated flat plate bioreactors offer high and uniform light input. Illuminated stirred-tank bioreactors facilitate the application of very well-defined reaction conditions. Closed tubular photobioreactors as well as open photobioreactors like small-scale raceway ponds and thin-layer cascades are applied as scale-down models of the respective large-scale bioreactors. A few other less common designs such as illuminated plastic bags or aquarium tanks are also used mainly because of their relatively low cost, but up-scaling of these designs is challenging with additional light-driven issues. Finally, this review covers recommendations on the criteria for photobioreactor selection and operation while up-scaling of phototrophic bioprocesses with microalgae or cyanobacteria.
Collapse
|
4
|
Veerabadhran M, Natesan S, MubarakAli D, Xu S, Yang F. Using different cultivation strategies and methods for the production of microalgal biomass as a raw material for the generation of bioproducts. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 285:131436. [PMID: 34256200 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microalgal biomass and its fine chemical production from microalgae have pioneered algal bioprocess technology with few limitations such as lab-to-industry. However, laboratory-scale transitions and industrial applications are hindered by a plethora of limitations comprising expensive in culturing methods. Therefore, to emphasize the profitable benefits, the algal culturing techniques appropriately employed for large-scale microalgal biomass yield necessitates intricate assessment to emphasize the profitable benefits. The present review holistically compiles the culturing strategies for improving microalgal biomass production based on appropriate factors like designing better bioreactor designs. On the other hand, synthetic biology approaches for abridging the effective industrial transition success explored recently. Prospects in synthetic biology for enhanced microalgal biomass production based on cultivation strategies and various mechanistic modes approach to enrich cost-effective and viable output are discussed. The State-of-the-art culturing techniques encompassing enhancement of photosynthetic activity, designing bioreactor design, and potential augmenting protocols for biomass yield employing indoor cultivation in both (Open and or/closed) methods are enumerated. Further, limitations hindering the microalgal bioproducts development are critically evaluated for improving culturing techniques for microalgal cell factories, subsequently escalating the cost-benefit ratio in bioproducts synthesis from microalgae. The comprehensive analysis could provide a rational and deeper detailed insight for microalgal entrepreneurs through alternative culturing technology viz., synthetic biology and genome engineering in an Industrial perspective arena.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maruthanayagam Veerabadhran
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China.
| | - Sivakumar Natesan
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625021, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Davoodbasha MubarakAli
- School of Life Sciences, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Shuaishuai Xu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China.
| | - Fei Yang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Shah N, Dubey VK, Thakkar S, Doshi H, Mahawar P. Bioaccumulation of arsenic(V) from wastewater by live and dead Spirogyra sp. J Basic Microbiol 2021; 62:489-497. [PMID: 34850417 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202100353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Contaminated water with arsenic causes a negative impact on socioeconomic status in the concerned area. Existing methods are not much adequate, efficient, and appropriate. Bioremediation of heavy metals with microalgae seems to be a promising and holistic approach to counter the pre-existing associated with heavy metal toxicity. A pure culture of live and dead Spirogyra sp. was tested for its ability to adsorb arsenic(V) and modeling of experimental data was used to interpret the mechanism of bioaccumulation. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were used to explain the sorption of arsenic. The maximum sorption capacity of live Spirogyra sp. was 315 mg/g and dead Spirogyra sp. was 207 mg/g. Mechanism of bioaccumulation for As(V) ions by live and dead Spirogyra sp. were studied using several advanced techniques including Fourier-transform infrared, fluorescence microscopy, and scanning electron microscope. The study summarizes, bioaccumulation of AsO4 -3 by live and dead cells of Spirogyra sp. seems to be promising. The pseudo-second-order rate equation described better the kinetics of As(V) adsorption with good correlation coefficients. The results suggested that live Spirogyra sp. was more suitable to remove As(V) as compared to dead Spirogyra sp.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neha Shah
- Department of Microbiology, Madhav University, Pindwara, Rajasthan, India.,Department of Biosciences, SAGE University, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Vimal K Dubey
- Department of Biosciences, SAGE University, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sampark Thakkar
- Shree Kamdhenu Electronics Pvt. Ltd. (Akashganga), Anand, Gujarat, India
| | - Hiren Doshi
- Department of Biosciences, SAGE University, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Preeti Mahawar
- Department of Microbiology, Madhav University, Pindwara, Rajasthan, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Shah N, Sohani S, Thakkar S, Doshi H, Gupta G. Potential of live Spirogyra sp. in the bioaccumulation of copper and nickel ions: A study on suitability and sustainability. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 132:331-339. [PMID: 34161661 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM Various industrial and municipal wastes are the major sources of heavy metal contamination in water causing significant environmental issues. Bioremediation is an effective and affordable solution for the removal of metals and metal pollutants from industrial wastewater. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of live and dead Spirogyra sp. for sorption of metals like of Cu2+ and Ni2+ . METHODS AND RESULTS The live Spirogyra sp. was used for the uptake of Cu2+ and Ni2+ from their aqueous solutions. The equilibrium data were fitted using a Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm model; the maximum uptakes for Cu2+ and Ni2+ were 29 and 521 mg g-1 , respectively. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) and infrared (IR) spectroscopic studies of Spirogyra sp. and treated Spirogyra sp. with specific metal ions were used to assess the bonding site and extent of sorption mechanism. CONCLUSION The initial study showed that this biomass takes up a significant amount of metal ions. Compared to the Langmuir model, the Freundlich model showed better sorption process. The pseudo-second-order rate model represented an enhanced kinetics of metal ion adsorption using live Spirogyra sp. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY As bioaccumulation technology is environmental friendly and potentially cost-effective, live Spirogyra sp. is expected to be a good candidate for managing industrial wastewater.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neha Shah
- Madhav University, Pindwara, Rajasthan, India.,SAGE University, Indore, MP, India
| | | | - Sampark Thakkar
- AKASHGANGA, Shree Kamdhenu Electronics Pvt. Ltd, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Niu X, Zhang J, Wang C, Jia X, Fu J, Suo Y. Evaluation of the lignite biotransformation capacity of Fusarium sp. NF01 cultured on different growth substrates. Can J Microbiol 2021; 67:613-621. [PMID: 33751915 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2020-0157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The screening and studying the lignite solubilization/degradation capacities of indigenous microorganisms are key to exploring the in-situ biotransformation of lignite. Herein, a fungus was isolated from in-situ lignite samples and identified as Fusarium sp. NF01. This isolate was then cultured on four different carbon sources to evaluate its lignite-transformation capacity. When cultured on a solid agar medium containing sodium gluconate or sodium glutamate, Fusarium sp. NF01 completely liquefied 0.5 g of lignite within 6 days, and when cultured in a liquid medium containing sodium gluconate, the weight of lignite decreased by 28.4% within 7 days. Elemental analysis showed that the rate of lignite biodegradation was inversely proportional to the C:O ratio of the residual lignite samples. Additionally, a 5.9% biodesulfurization rate was achieved when Fusarium sp. NF01 was cultured in the presence of sodium gluconate. Finally, Fourier-transform infrared analysis of the residual lignite samples revealed relatively weak signal intensities of the signature peaks representing the following: aromatic ring side chains; ether, ester, and alcohol bonds; aromatic ring carbon-carbon double bonds; and aliphatic methyl and methylene. The results show that Fusarium sp. NF01 degrades lignite in a carbon-dependent manner and could be thus used for the bioconversion of subsurface coalbeds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xian Niu
- School of Energy, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, P.R. China.,School of Mining and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, P.R. China
| | - Jianbin Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China
| | - Cuiyan Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China
| | - Xiaoqian Jia
- College of Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China
| | - Jilagamazhi Fu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China
| | - Yonglu Suo
- School of Energy, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gladyshev MI, Gubelit YI. Green Tides: New Consequences of the Eutrophication of Natural Waters (Invited Review). CONTEMP PROBL ECOL+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1995425519020057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|