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Yadav PS, Prasad BVS, Chandra MS, Maddela NR, Prasad R. Leaching Approach for β-Glucosidase Extraction from Fermented Rice Husk in Solid State Cultivation by Aspergillus protuberus. Curr Microbiol 2024; 81:140. [PMID: 38622481 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-024-03641-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Environmental problems are caused by the disposal of agrowastes in developing countries. It is imperative to convert such wastes into useful products, which require enzymes such as β-glucosidase. β-Glucosidase has variety of applications in biotechnology including food, textile, detergents, pulp and paper, pharmaceutical and biofuel industries. β-Glucosidase production was performed using the locally isolated Aspergillus protuberus using best growth circumstances on rice husk in solid-state fermentation (SSF). Leaching of β-glucosidase from fermented rice husk with number of solvents to evaluate their extraction efficacy. Among the different solvents examined, acetate buffer (0.02 M, pH 5.0) proved to be the best solvent. The subsequent parameters were optimized with acetate buffer. Two washes with acetate buffer each by shaking (30 min) in a ratio of 1 g of rice husk: 5 ml of acetate buffer together attained maximum recovery of β-glucosidase with 41.95 U/g of rice husk.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Suresh Yadav
- Department of Microbiology, Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - B V Siva Prasad
- Department of Microbiology, Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - M Subhosh Chandra
- Department of Microbiology, Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh, India.
| | - Naga Raju Maddela
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo, Manabí, Ecuador
| | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Botany, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, Bihar, 845401, India.
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2
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Arora J, Chauhan A, Ranjan A, Rajput VD, Minkina T, Zhumbei AI, Kumari A, Jindal T, Prasad R. Degradation of SDS by psychrotolerant Staphylococcus saprophyticus and Bacillus pumilus isolated from Southern Ocean water samples. Braz J Microbiol 2024:10.1007/s42770-024-01294-1. [PMID: 38468117 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01294-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Bioremediation of surfactants in water bodies holds significant ecological importance as they are contaminants of emerging concern posing substantial threats to the aquatic environment. Microbes exhibiting special ability in terms of bioremediation of contaminants have always been reported to thrive in extraordinary environmental conditions that can be extreme in terms of temperature, lack of nutrients, and salinity. Therefore, in the present investigation, a total of 46 bacterial isolates were isolated from the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean and screened for degradation of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS). Further, two Gram-positive psychrotolerant bacterial strains, ASOI-01 and ASOI-02 were identified with significant SDS degradation potential. These isolates were further studied for growth optimization under different environmental conditions. The strains were characterized as Staphylococcus saprophyticus and Bacillus pumilus based on morphological, biochemical, and molecular (16S RNA gene) characteristics. The study reports 88.9% and 93.4% degradation of SDS at a concentration of 100 mgL-1, at 20 °C, and pH 7 by S. saprophyticus ASOI-01 and B. pumilus ASOI-02, respectively. The experiments were also conducted in wastewater samples where a slight reduction in degradation efficiency was observed with strains ASOI-01 and ASOI-02 exhibiting 76.83 and 64.93% degradation of SDS respectively. This study infers that these bacteria can be used for the bioremediation of anionic surfactants from water bodies and establishes the potential of extremophilic microbes for the utilization of sustainable wastewater management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayati Arora
- Amity Institute of Environmental Science, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhishek Chauhan
- Amity Institute of Environmental Toxicology, Safety and Management, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anuj Ranjan
- Amity Institute of Environmental Toxicology, Safety and Management, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Stachki 194/1, Rostov-On-Don, Russia.
| | - Vishnu D Rajput
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Stachki 194/1, Rostov-On-Don, Russia
| | - Tatiana Minkina
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Stachki 194/1, Rostov-On-Don, Russia
| | - Anton Igorevich Zhumbei
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Stachki 194/1, Rostov-On-Don, Russia
| | - Arpna Kumari
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tanu Jindal
- Amity Institute of Environmental Toxicology, Safety and Management, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Botany, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, 845401, Bihar, India.
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Tiwari I, Bhojiya AA, Prasad R, Porwal S, Varma A, Choudhary DK. Putative Role of Anti-microbial Peptide Recovered from Lactiplantibacillus spp. in Biocontrol Activity. Curr Microbiol 2024; 81:88. [PMID: 38311656 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-023-03586-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) stand as a promising alternative to conventional pesticides, leveraging a multifaceted approach to combat plant pathogens. This study focuses on identifying and characterizing the AMP produced by Lactiplantibacillus argentoratensis strain IT, demonstrating potent antibacterial activity against various harmful microorganisms. Evaluation of AMPs' antibacterial activity was conducted through an agar well diffusion assay, a reliable method for assessing secondary metabolite antimicrobial efficacy. The study unveils the antimicrobial potential of the purified extract obtained from Lactiplantibacillus argentoratensis IT, isolated from goat milk. Notably, the AMP exhibited robust antibacterial activity against phytopathogens affecting solanaceous crops, including the Gram-negative Ralstonia solanacearum. Expression conditions and purification methods were optimized to identify the peptide's mass and sequence, utilizing LC-MS and SDS-PAGE. This paper underscores the application potential of Lactiplantibacillus spp. IT as a biocontrol agent for managing bacterial infectious diseases in plants. Results indicate optimal AMP production at 37 °C, with a culture broth pH of 5 during fermentation. The obtained peptide sequence corresponded to peaks at 842.5 and 2866.4 m/z ratio, with a molecular weight of approximately 5 kDa according to tricine SDS-PAGE analysis. In conclusion, this study lays the foundation for utilizing Lactiplantibacillus spp. IT derived AMPs in plant biocontrol strategies, showcasing their efficacy against bacterial phytopathogens. These findings contribute valuable insights for advancing sustainable agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishan Tiwari
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, 201313, India
| | - Ali Asger Bhojiya
- Department of Botany, U.S. Ostwal P.G. College, Mangalwad, Chittorgarh, Rajasthan, 312024, India
| | - Ram Prasad
- Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, Bihar, 845401, India
| | - Shalini Porwal
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, 201313, India.
| | - Ajit Varma
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, 201313, India
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Kumar A, Pandit S, Sharma K, Mathuriya AS, Prasad R. Evaluation of bamboo derived biochar as anode catalyst in microbial fuel cell for xylan degradation utilizing microbial co-culture. Bioresour Technol 2023; 390:129857. [PMID: 37852505 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the microbial degradation of xylan through Bacillus sp. isolated from wastewater. Co-culture of Bacillus licheniformis strain and MTCC-8104 strain of Shewanella putrefaciens were employed in a microbial fuel cell (MFC) to facilitate energy production simultaneous xylan degradation under optimum conditions. Electrochemical properties of MFC and degradation analysis were used to validate xylan degradation throughout various experimental parameters. Degradation of the optimal xylan concentration using co-culture, resulting in a power density of 7.8 W/m3, the anode surface was modified with bamboo-derived biochar in order to increase power density under the same operational condition. Under optimum circumstances, increasing the anode's surface area boosted electron transport and electro-active biofilm growth, resulting in a higher power density of 12.9 W/m3. Co-culture of hydrolyzing and electro-active bacteria was found beneficial for xylan degradation and anode modifications enhance power output while microbial degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Kumar
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Science and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, India
| | - Soumya Pandit
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Science and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, India
| | - Kalpana Sharma
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Science and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, India
| | - Abhilasha Singh Mathuriya
- Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Indira Paryavaran Bhawan, Jor Bagh, New Delhi 110003, India
| | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Botany, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari 845401, Bihar, India.
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Dhaka V, Singh S, Ramamurthy PC, Samuel J, Swamy Sunil Kumar Naik T, Khasnabis S, Prasad R, Singh J. Biological degradation of polyethylene terephthalate by rhizobacteria. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:116488-116497. [PMID: 35460002 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20324-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In view of the growing demand for plastic products, an enormous proportion of plastic waste causing the biological issue is produced. Plants in collaboration with their rhizobacteria partners are also exposed to these contaminants. The study aims to determine the rhizobacterial ability to biodegrade PET plastic. We isolated the rhizobacteria capable of degrading the PET plastic in minimal salt media using it as a sole carbon source. The three rhizospheric isolates, namely Priestia aryabhattai VT 3.12 (GenBank accession No. OK135732.1), Bacillus pseudomycoides VT 3.15 (GenBank accession No. OK135733.1), and Bacillus pumilus VT 3.16 (GenBank accession No. OK1357324.1), showed the highest degradation percentage for PET sheet and powder. The biodegradation end products post 28 days for PET sheet and 18 days of PET powder were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Our results showed significant biodegradation of PET plastic, and the rate of degradation could account for over 65%. The present study proves soil rhizobacteria's potential and capabilities for efficient degradation of PET plastic occurring at the waste sites. It also implies that rhizobacteria could be beneficial in the remediation of PET waste in future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishali Dhaka
- Department of Microbiology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Simranjeet Singh
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Water Research (ICWaR), Indian Institute of Science, 56001, Bangalore, India
| | - Praveen C Ramamurthy
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Water Research (ICWaR), Indian Institute of Science, 56001, Bangalore, India
| | - Jastin Samuel
- Department of Microbiology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
- Waste Valorization Research Lab, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | | | - Sutripto Khasnabis
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Botany, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, 845401, Bihar, India
| | - Joginder Singh
- Department of Microbiology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India.
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Sivakumar PM, Prasad R, Prabhakar PK. Editorial: Advanced approaches in the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes mellitus and secondary complications. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1291637. [PMID: 37800146 PMCID: PMC10549920 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1291637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ponnurengam Malliappan Sivakumar
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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Achife CE, Ijah UJJ, Oyeleke SB, Bala JD, Oyewole OA, Maddela NR, Prasad R. Assessment and Biodegradation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soil and Water Around Petroleum Products Depot Suleja, Nigeria. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s12010-023-04672-x. [PMID: 37676559 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04672-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Petroleum contamination constitutes a frequent incidence in various petroleum depots in Nigeria. In this study, the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) present in soil and water in communities around Petroleum Products Marketing Company (PPMC) Suleja, Nigeria, were evaluated and degraded using indigenous microorganisms. The samples sites were divided into 7 plots from where samples of water and soil were obtained: one within the PPMC depot, five from communities surrounding the depot, and the control 93,000 km from the depot. The microbial counts were determined using spread plate inoculation technique on minimal salt media. The microbial isolates were characterized and identified based on their cultural, biochemical, and molecular characteristics. The potential of the microbial isolates to utilize 0.05 mL of diesel, kerosene, engine oil, and crude oil was determined in a Bushnell Haas Broth, and the biodegradation was determined by total viable cell counts and spectrophotometry. The ability of the isolates to mineralize PAHs was also evaluated in a minimum salt media. The bacterial isolates were species of Streptococcus, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, Proteus, Escherichia, and Bacillus, while species of Penicillium, Aspergillus, Mucor, and Rhizopus were isolated among the fungi. Aspergillus niger strain ATCC 1015 and Bacillus thuringiensis strain M43 showed high capacity to utilize the 16 priority PAHs. The pahE1 gene was used by Bacillus thuringiensis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and A. niger, while Penicillium notatum used pahE2 gene for the degradation of the PAH. The current study identified microbial isolates that can utilize priority PAHs, making them beneficial for oil spill bioremediation in tropical environments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jeremiah David Bala
- Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology, PMB 65, Minna, Nigeria
- African Center of Excellence for Mycotoxin and Food Safety (ACEMFS), Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria
| | - Oluwafemi Adebayo Oyewole
- Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology, PMB 65, Minna, Nigeria.
- African Center of Excellence for Mycotoxin and Food Safety (ACEMFS), Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria.
| | - Naga Raju Maddela
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo, Ecuador.
| | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Botany, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, Bihar, 845401, India.
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Maddela NR, Abiodun AS, Zhang S, Prasad R. Biofouling in Membrane Bioreactors-Mitigation and Current Status: a Review. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:5643-5668. [PMID: 36418712 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04262-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Biological fouling as termed biofouling is caused by varied living organisms and is difficult to eliminate from the environment thus becoming a major issue during membrane bioreactors. Biofouling in membrane bioreactors (MBRs) is a crucial problem in increasing liquid pressure due to reduced pore diameter, clogging of the membrane pores, and alteration of the chemical composition of the water which greatly limits the growth of MBRs. Thus, membrane biofouling and/or microbial biofilms is a hot research topic to improve the market competitiveness of the MBR technology. Though several antibiofouling strategies (addition of bioflocculant or sponge into MBRs) came to light, biological approaches are sustainable and more practicable. Among the biological approaches, quorum sensing-based biofouling control (so-called quorum quenching) is an interesting and promising tool in combating biofouling issues in the MBRs. Several review articles have been published in the area of membrane biofouling and mitigation approaches. However, there is no single source of information about biofouling and/or biofilm formation in different environmental settings and respective problems, antibiofilm strategies and current status, quorum quenching, and its futurity. Thus, the objectives of the present review were to provide latest insights on mechanism of membrane biofouling, quorum sensing molecules, biofilm-associated problems in different environmental setting and antibiofilm strategies, special emphasis on quorum quenching, and its futurity in the biofilm/biofouling control. We believe that these insights greatly help in the better understanding of biofouling and aid in the development of sustainable antibiofouling strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naga Raju Maddela
- Departmento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo, Ecuador
- Instituto de Investigación, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo, Ecuador
| | - Aransiola Sesan Abiodun
- Bioresources Development Centre, National Biotechnology Development Agency (NABDA), Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | - Shaoqing Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Botany, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, Bihar, India.
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Jha P, Ghosh S, Panja A, Kumar V, Singh AK, Prasad R. Microalgae and biogas: a boon to energy sector. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-29135-y. [PMID: 37608163 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29135-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
The global energy generation market immensely depends on fossil fuels which balances our survival on this planet. Energy can be called as the "master element" for our daily needs, starting from household power supply, agricultural purpose, automobile and transportation, industrial workload to economic and research domains. Fuel switching initiatives are being adapted by environmentalist and scientists to bring a novel sustainable source of energy. An environment and renewable alternative to fossil fuels are a must. Over the years, the world has shifted toward generating green fuels immensely. One such potential alternative to fossil fuels are biogases. Being versatile and renewable in nature, it has drawn immense attention globally. Despite having such potentials there exist some major drawbacks which mainly deal with the starting material. One such source for biogases can be microalgae. Microalgae based biogas production can produce huge amount of energy and that has been implemented by many foreign countries and their companies. Despite being in use in many countries, there are issues which needs to be addressed which will overall improve the biogas potential from microalgae even more. This review mainly focuses on generation of biogas from microalgae as a feedstock which are very economical and sustainable in its nature, presenting improvement strategies which can be impended to boost the over biogas sector globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
- Department of Research Facilitation, Division of Research and Development, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Snigdha Ghosh
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Major Arterial Road, New Town, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700135, India
| | - Avirup Panja
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Major Arterial Road, New Town, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700135, India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
- Plant Biotechnology Lab, Division of Research and Development, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Akhilesh Kumar Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Belisarai, Motihari, Bihar, 845401, India
| | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Botany, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Belisarai, Motihari, Bihar, 845401, India.
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Zhi M, Zhao Y, Zeng X, Maddela NR, Xiao Y, Chen Y, Prasad R, Zhou Z. Filamentous cyanobacteria and hydrophobic protein in extracellular polymeric substances facilitate algae-bacteria aggregation during partial nitrification. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 251:126379. [PMID: 37595699 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
In algae-bacteria symbiotic wastewater treatment, the excellent settling performance of algae-bacteria aggregates is critical for biomass separation and recovery. Here, the composition of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), microbial profiles, and functional genes of algae-bacteria aggregates were investigated at different solid retention times (SRTs) (10, 20, and 40 d) during partial nitrification in photo sequencing bioreactors (PSBRs). Results showed that SRTs greatly influenced the nitrogen transformation and the formation and morphological structure of algae-bacteria aggregates. The highest nitrite accumulation, the largest particle size (~1.54 mm) and the best settling performance were observed for the algae-bacteria aggregates in the PSBR with an SRT of 10 d, where the abundant occurrence of filamentous cyanobacteria with the highest ratio of chlorophyll a/b and the lowest EPS amount with the highest protein-to-polysaccharide ratio were observed. In particular, the EPS at 10 d of SRT contained a higher amount of protein-related hydrophobic groups and a lower ratio of α-helix/(β-sheet + random coil), indicating a looser protein structure, which might facilitate the formation and stabilization of algae-bacteria aggregates. Moreover, algal-bacterial aggregation greatly depended on the composition and evolution of filamentous cyanobacteria (unclassified _o__Oscillatoriales and Phormidium accounted for 56.29 % of the identified algae at SRT 10 d). The metagenomic analysis further revealed that functional genes related to amino acid metabolism (e.g., genes of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis) were expressed at high levels within 10 d of SRT. Overall, this study demonstrates the influence of EPS structures and filamentous cyanobacteria on algae-bacteria aggregation and reveals the biological mechanisms driving photogranule structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Zhi
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Rural Cleaner Production, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yiying Zhao
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xinyu Zeng
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Naga Raju Maddela
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo 130105, Ecuador
| | - Yeyuan Xiao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Yucheng Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Rural Cleaner Production, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Botany, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, Bihar 845401, India.
| | - Zhongbo Zhou
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Rural Cleaner Production, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Dhiman S, Varma A, Rao M, Prasad R, Goel A. Deciphering the fertilizing and disease suppression potential of phytofabricated zinc oxide nanoparticles on Brassicajuncea. Environ Res 2023; 231:116276. [PMID: 37257749 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Every year 30-50% of crops suffer from fungal and bacterial diseases. Use of various chemically synthesized fungicides and bactericides make the soil environment more toxic and harmful to the plant health. Therefore, there is need to find non-toxic and cost effective alternative against plant pathogen. In recent years, nanotechnology has got attention because of its wide application in different areas of agriculture. Various nanoparticles have been used in agriculture for their fertilizing and antimicrobial potential. Among them zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) have gained the attention of agriculturists as zinc is an essential micronutrient for plants. Antifungal activity of Tb-ZnO NPs (Terminalia bellerica synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles) against Alternaria brassicae causative agent of blight disease in Brassica juncea has been reported in our previous study. To use Tb-ZnO NPs as nanofungicides and simultaneously as nanofertilizers, the doses of Tb-ZnO NPs beneficial to the Brassica juncea crop is need to be known. Therefore, experiment has been designed to see the protective and curative potential of Tb-ZnO NPs in alluvial and calcareous soil. Biochemical constituents and stress enzymes analysis has shown significant potential of Tb-ZnO NPs at 200 ppm concentration in alleviating the stress caused by A. brassicae by modulating the photosynthetic, biochemical and enzymatic characteristics. Growth parameter analysis confirmed the role of Tb-ZnO NPs in increasing root and shoot length of B. juncea. Yield component such as seed number, seed weight and oil content of B. juncea crop also has been increased. There was one-fold increase in oil content of B. juncea as compared to control. Maximum percent disease control was found to be 70% in alluvial soil (protective method) grown plants. Therefore, present study supports the hypothesis of a relationship between nutrients and disease suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailja Dhiman
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University of Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ajit Varma
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University of Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mahesh Rao
- National Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Indian Agriculture Research Institute, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Botany, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, 845401, Bihar, India.
| | - Arti Goel
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University of Uttar Pradesh, India.
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12
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Fortmann SD, Patton MJ, Frey BF, Tipper JL, Reddy SB, Vieira CP, Hanumanthu VS, Sterrett S, Floyd JL, Prasad R, Zucker JD, Crouse AB, Huls F, Chkheidze R, Li P, Erdmann NB, Harrod KS, Gaggar A, Goepfert PA, Grant MB, Might M. Circulating SARS-CoV-2+ megakaryocytes are associated with severe viral infection in COVID-19. Blood Adv 2023; 7:4200-4214. [PMID: 36920790 PMCID: PMC10022176 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2022009022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Several independent lines of evidence suggest that megakaryocytes are dysfunctional in severe COVID-19. Herein, we characterized peripheral circulating megakaryocytes in a large cohort of inpatients with COVID-19 and correlated the subpopulation frequencies with clinical outcomes. Using peripheral blood, we show that megakaryocytes are increased in the systemic circulation in COVID-19, and we identify and validate S100A8/A9 as a defining marker of megakaryocyte dysfunction. We further reveal a subpopulation of S100A8/A9+ megakaryocytes that contain severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) protein and RNA. Using flow cytometry of peripheral blood and in vitro studies on SARS-CoV-2-infected primary human megakaryocytes, we demonstrate that megakaryocytes can transfer viral antigens to emerging platelets. Mechanistically, we show that SARS-CoV-2-containing megakaryocytes are nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)-activated, via p65 and p52; express the NF-κB-mediated cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-1β; and display high surface expression of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and TLR4, canonical drivers of NF-κB. In a cohort of 218 inpatients with COVID-19, we correlate frequencies of megakaryocyte subpopulations with clinical outcomes and show that SARS-CoV-2-containing megakaryocytes are a strong risk factor for mortality and multiorgan injury, including respiratory failure, mechanical ventilation, acute kidney injury, thrombotic events, and intensive care unit admission. Furthermore, we show that SARS-CoV-2+ megakaryocytes are present in lung and brain autopsy tissues from deceased donors who had COVID-19. To our knowledge, this study offers the first evidence implicating SARS-CoV-2+ peripheral megakaryocytes in severe disease and suggests that circulating megakaryocytes warrant investigation in inflammatory disorders beyond COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth D. Fortmann
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Michael J. Patton
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
- Hugh Kaul Precision Medicine Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Blake F. Frey
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Jennifer L. Tipper
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Sivani B. Reddy
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Cristiano P. Vieira
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Vidya Sagar Hanumanthu
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Sarah Sterrett
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Jason L. Floyd
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Jeremy D. Zucker
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratories, Richland, WA
| | - Andrew B. Crouse
- Hugh Kaul Precision Medicine Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Forest Huls
- Hugh Kaul Precision Medicine Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Rati Chkheidze
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Nathaniel B. Erdmann
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Kevin S. Harrod
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Amit Gaggar
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Paul A. Goepfert
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Maria B. Grant
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Matthew Might
- Hugh Kaul Precision Medicine Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
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13
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Arora J, Ranjan A, Chauhan A, Rajput VD, Sushkova S, Prazdnova EV, Minkina T, Biswas R, Joshi S, Jindal T, Prasad R. A Novel Study on Anionic Surfactant Degradation Potential of Psychrophillic and Psychrotolerant Pseudomonas spp. Identified from Surfactant-contaminated River Water. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s12010-023-04647-y. [PMID: 37466886 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04647-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
The Yamuna River, a tributary of the holy Ganga, is heavily polluted in the Delhi-NCR region, India and has been gaining attention due to the excessive foaming of the river over the past few years. This can be directly or indirectly related to the overuse of surfactants and the discharge of untreated domestic and textile wastewater into the river. To determine the surfactant load and investigate potential surfactant-degrading bacteria in the region, 96 water samples from four sites in the Okhla Barrage stretch of the river were collected and analysed. The results showed that the selected sites have surfactant concentrations more than the permissible limit (1.00 mgL-1). Also, at most of the sites, the concentration crossed the desirable limit of BIS (0.2 mgL-1) during the period of analysis. The concentration of anionic surfactant reported in the region was found in the range of 0.29 mgL-1 and 2.83 mgL-1. A total of 38 different bacteria were isolated using selective media from the same water samples, out of which 7 bacterial isolates were screened for sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) tolerance activity. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing, 2 species, namely Pseudomonas koreensis YRW-02 and Pseudomonas songnenensis YRW-05 have been identified and their degradation potential was assessed at different SDS concentrations. The results showed that our strains YRW-02 and YRW-05 degraded 78.29 and 69.24% of SDS respectively. Growth optimization was also performed at different substrate concentrations, pH, and temperature to investigate optimum degradation conditions. This study plays a significant role in assessing the surfactant load and also gives a promising background for future use in in-situ bioremediation experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayati Arora
- Amity Institute of Environmental Science, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anuj Ranjan
- Amity Institute of Environmental Toxicology Safety and Management, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-On-Don, Russia.
| | - Abhishek Chauhan
- Amity Institute of Environmental Toxicology Safety and Management, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vishnu D Rajput
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-On-Don, Russia
| | - Svetlana Sushkova
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-On-Don, Russia
| | - Evgeniya V Prazdnova
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-On-Don, Russia
| | - Tatiana Minkina
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-On-Don, Russia
| | - Rima Biswas
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sanket Joshi
- Oil & Gas Research Centre, Central Analytical and Applied Research Unit, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Tanu Jindal
- Amity Institute of Environmental Toxicology Safety and Management, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Botany, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, 845401, Bihar, India.
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14
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Rawat J, Saxena J, Sanwal P, Maddela NR, Nain L, Prasad R. Improving the Growth and Productivity of Macrotyloma uniflorum Medicinal Plant by the Co-inoculation of P, Zn and K-Solubilizing Fungi Under Field Conditions. Curr Microbiol 2023; 80:277. [PMID: 37434070 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-023-03385-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
The presence of small amount of soluble forms of Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K) and Zinc (Zn) in most soils is one of the limiting factors for agronomic crop production. The current study focuses on Macrotyloma uniflorum (horse gram or gahat), the most commonly cultivated crop in Uttarakhand. The current initiative and study were started, because there is a little information available on the impact of co-inoculation of beneficial fungi on crops in agricultural fields. Aspergillus niger K7 and Penicillium chrysogenum K4 were isolated and selected for the study on the basis of in vitro P, K and Zn-solubilizing activity. The solubilizing efficiency of K4 strain was 140% and K7 was 173.9% for P. However, the solubilizing efficiencies of K4 and K7 were 160% and 138.46% for Zn and 160% and 466% for K, respectively. The field trials were performed for two consecutive years, and growth and yield related parameters were measured for evaluation of the effect of P, K and Zn-solubilizing fungal strains on the crop. All the treatments showed a significant (P < 0.05) increase in growth and yield of M. uniflorum plants over uninoculated control; however, the best treatment was found to be soil inoculated with P. chrysogenum K4 + A. niger K7 in which the yield was enhanced by 71% over control. Thus, the co-inoculation of K4 and K7 strains showed a great potential to improve the growth and yield of plants. Both the fungal strains simultaneously solubilized three important nutritional elements in soil, which is a rare trait. Moreover, the capacity of these fungal strains to enhance the plant root nodulation and microbial count in soil makes the co-inoculation practice quite beneficial for sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Rawat
- Biochemical Engineering Department, B.T. Kumaon Institute of Technology, Dwarahat, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Sir J. C. Bose Technical Campus Bhimtal, Kumaun University Nainital, Nainital, India
| | - Jyoti Saxena
- Biochemical Engineering Department, B.T. Kumaon Institute of Technology, Dwarahat, India
| | - Pankaj Sanwal
- Biochemical Engineering Department, B.T. Kumaon Institute of Technology, Dwarahat, India
| | - Naga Raju Maddela
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo, Ecuador
| | - Lata Nain
- Microbiology Division, Indian Agriculture Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Botany, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, 845401, India.
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15
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Chaudhary S, Varma A, Mandal M, Prasad R, Porwal S. Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Laccase-Producing Bacteria Bhargavaea beijingensis from Paper and Pulp Effluent-Treated Soil Using In Silico Approaches. Curr Microbiol 2023; 80:241. [PMID: 37300594 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-023-03346-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Laccases (EC 1.10.3.2) are considered one of the most prominent multicopper enzymes that exhibit the inherent properties of oxidizing a range of phenolic substrates. Mostly, reported laccases have been isolated from the plants and fungi species, whereas bacterial laccases are yet to be explored. Bacterial laccases have numerous distinctive properties over fungal laccases, including stability at high temperatures and high pH. This study includes the isolation of bacteria through the soil sample collected from the paper and pulp industry; the highest laccase-producing bacteria was identified as Bhargavaea bejingensis, using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The extracellular and intracellular activities after 24 h incubation were 1.41 U/mL and 4.95 U/mL, respectively. The laccase-encoding gene of the bacteria was sequenced; moreover, the in vitro translated protein was bioinformatically characterized and asserted that the laccase produced by the bacteria Bhargavaea bejingensis was structurally and sequentially homologous to the CotA protein of Bacillus subtilis. The enzyme laccase produced from B. bejingensis was classified as three-domain laccase with several copper-binding residues, where a few crucial copper-binding residues of the laccase enzyme were also predicted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal Chaudhary
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Sector-125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201313, India
| | - Ajit Varma
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Sector-125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201313, India
| | - Manabendra Mandal
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur Sonitpur, Assam, 784028, India
| | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Botany, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, Bihar, 845401, India.
| | - Shalini Porwal
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Sector-125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201313, India.
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16
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Li X, Wajjiha B, Zhang P, Dang Y, Prasad R, Wei Y, Zhang SH. Serendipita indica chitinase protects rice from the blast and bakanae diseases. J Basic Microbiol 2023. [PMID: 37032320 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202200349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
Serendipita indica, a multifunctional and useful endophyte fungus, has been intensively investigated in promoting plant growth and resistance towards biotic and abiotic stress. Multiple chitinases from microorganisms or plants have been identified to have a high antifungal activity as a biological control. However, chitinase of S. indica still needs to be characterized. We functionally characterized a chitinase (SiChi) in S. indica. The result showed that the purified SiChi protein confers high chitinase activity; importantly, SiChi inhibits the conidial germination of Magnaporthe oryzae and Fusarium moniliforme. After the successful colonization of rice roots by S. indica, both the rice blast disease and bakanae disease were significantly reduced. Interestingly, the purified SiChi could promptly induce rice disease resistance towards M. oryzae and F. moniliforme pathogens when sprayed on rice leaves. Like S. indica, SiChi could upregulate rice pathogen-resistant proteins and defense enzymes. In conclusion, chitinase of S. indica has direct antifungal activity and indirect induced resistance activity, implying an efficient and economic strategy for rice disease control by applying S. indica and SiChi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinrui Li
- The Key Laboratory for Extreme-Environmental Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- College of Plant Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Batool Wajjiha
- The Key Laboratory for Extreme-Environmental Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Penghui Zhang
- The Key Laboratory for Extreme-Environmental Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- College of Plant Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yuejia Dang
- The Key Laboratory for Extreme-Environmental Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | | | - Yi Wei
- The Key Laboratory for Extreme-Environmental Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shi-Hong Zhang
- The Key Laboratory for Extreme-Environmental Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- College of Plant Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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17
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Chaudhary R, Kumar V, Gupta S, Naik B, Prasad R, Mishra S, Saris PEJ, Kumar V. Finger Millet ( Eleusine coracana) Plant-Endophyte Dynamics: Plant Growth, Nutrient Uptake, and Zinc Biofortification. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11040973. [PMID: 37110396 PMCID: PMC10143119 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11040973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Endophytic fungi and bacteria were isolated from finger millet and their effects on finger millet growth parameters and zinc and NPK contents in grains were studied. Out of 70 fungal and 112 bacterial endophytes, the two best fungal and bacterial isolates were selected on the basis of zinc solubilization and plant-growth-promoting attributes. The fungal isolates identified were Aspergillus terreus and Lecanicillium sp., and the bacterial isolates were Pseudomonas bijieensis and Priestia megaterium. The endophytic zinc, NPK mobilization, and plant-growth-promoting efficacy were determined in a pot experiment with zinc carbonate as the zinc source. Endophytic-primed plants showed enhanced shoot and root lengths compared to the unprimed control. Endophytes increased the zinc content in grains by between 12.12% and 18.80% compared to control plants. Endophytes also augmented the NPK concentrations in seeds compared to control plants and exhibited stability in a diverse range of pHs, temperatures, and NaCl concentrations, and exhibited growth on various carbohydrate and nitrogen sources. This is the first study reporting the interaction of Aspergillus terreus, Lecanicillium sp., Pseudomonas bijieensis, and Priestia megaterium with finger millet for grain Zn biofortification and NPK concentration enhancement. This study indicated that zinc-dissolving endophytes possess the potential for enhancing the zinc and NPK content in grains in addition to the plant-growth-promoting attributes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renu Chaudhary
- Himalayan School of Biosciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Jolly Grant, Dehradun 248016, India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Himalayan School of Biosciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Jolly Grant, Dehradun 248016, India
| | - Sanjay Gupta
- Himalayan School of Biosciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Jolly Grant, Dehradun 248016, India
| | - Bindu Naik
- Department of Life Sciences, Graphic Era (Deemed to be) University, Bell Road, Clement Town, Dehradun 248002, India
| | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Botany, School of Life Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari 845401, India
| | - Sadhna Mishra
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, GLA University, Mathura 281406, India
| | - Per Erik Joakim Saris
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, 00100 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Vivek Kumar
- Himalayan School of Biosciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Jolly Grant, Dehradun 248016, India
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18
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Agarwal A, Kansal V, Farooqi H, Prasad R, Singh VK. Inhibition of miR-214 expression by small molecules alleviates head and neck cancer metastasis by targeting ALCAM/TFAP2 signaling. bioRxiv 2023:2023.04.04.535560. [PMID: 37066273 PMCID: PMC10104035 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.04.535560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Predominantly, head and neck cancer (HNC) is considered a regional disease and develops in the nasal cavity, oral cavity, tongue, pharynx, and larynx. In the advanced stage, the HNC spread into distant organs. By the time head and neck cancer diagnosed, the estimated metastasis is occurred in 10-40% cases. The most important vital organs affected by distant metastasis are the lungs, bones, and liver. Despite several advancements in chemotherapies, no significant changes are observed as 5-year survival rate remains the same. Therefore, it is crucial to decipher molecular mechanisms contributing to the metastatic dissemination of head and neck cancer. Here, we tested a novel ALCAM/TFAP2 signaling by targeting multidisciplinary miR-214 expression in head and cancer cells. Our results revealed that HNC cell lines (CAL27, SCC-9, SCC-4, and SCC-25) exhibit higher expression of miR-214 compared with normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells. Higher expression of miR-214 drives the invasive potential of these cell lines. Down-regulation of miR-214 in CAL27 and SCC-9 cells either using an anti-miR-214 inhibitor (50nM) or a small molecule of green tea (EGCG) inhibited cell invasion. Treating CAL27 and SCC-9 cells with EGCG also reduces ALCAM expression, a key activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule, potentially blocking mesenchymal phenotype. Dietary administration of EGCG significantly inhibits distant metastasis of SCC-9 cells into the lungs, liver, and kidneys. Our results also demonstrate that the reduction of miR-214 expression influences in vitro cell movement and extravasation, as evident by reduced CD31 expression, a neovascularization marker. Together, these studies suggest that identifying bioactive molecules that can inhibit distant metastasis regulated by the miRNAs may provide potent interventional approaches and a better understanding of the complex functions of miRNAs and their therapeutic targets for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshu Agarwal
- Department of Zoology, Agra College, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar University, Agra-282004 (India)
| | - Vikash Kansal
- Department of Otolaryngology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322 (USA)
| | - Humaira Farooqi
- Department of Biochemistry, Hamdard University, New Delhi-110062 (India)
| | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL-35294 (USA)
| | - Vijay Kumar Singh
- Department of Zoology, Agra College, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar University, Agra-282004 (India)
- Narain PG Degree College, Shikohabad, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar University, Agra-282004 (India)
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19
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Eftekhari A, Khalilov R, Kavetskyy T, Keskin C, Prasad R, Rosic GL. Editorial: Biological/chemical-based metallic nanoparticles synthesis, characterization, and environmental applications. Front Chem 2023; 11:1191659. [PMID: 37082229 PMCID: PMC10111031 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1191659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aziz Eftekhari
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Izmir, Türkiye
- *Correspondence: Aziz Eftekhari,
| | - Rovshan Khalilov
- Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Baku State University, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - Taras Kavetskyy
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Drohobych Ivan Franko State Pedagogical University, Drohobych, Ukraine
| | - Cumali Keskin
- Department of Biology, Mardin Artuklu University Graduate Education Institute, Mardin, Türkiye
| | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Botany, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Bihar, India
| | - Gvozden Luka Rosic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
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20
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Anju VT, Busi S, Mohan MS, Salim SA, Ar S, Imchen M, Kumavath R, Dyavaiah M, Prasad R. Surveillance and mitigation of soil pollution through metagenomic approaches. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2023:1-34. [PMID: 36881114 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2023.2186330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Soil pollution is one of the serious global threats causing risk to environment and humans. The major cause of accumulation of pollutants in soil are anthropogenic activities and some natural processes. There are several types of soil pollutants which deteriorate the quality of human life and animal health. They are recalcitrant hydrocarbon compounds, metals, antibiotics, persistent organic compounds, pesticides and different kinds of plastics. Due to the detrimental properties of pollutants present in soil on human life and ecosystem such as carcinogenic, genotoxic and mutagenic effects, alternate and effective methods to degrade the pollutants are recommended. Bioremediation is an effective and inexpensive method of biological degradation of pollutants using plants, microorganisms and fungi. With the advent of new detection methods, the identification and degradation of soil pollutants in different ecosystems were made easy. Metagenomic approaches are a boon for the identification of unculturable microorganisms and to explore the vast bioremediation potential for different pollutants. Metagenomics is a power tool to study the microbial load in polluted or contaminated land and its role in bioremediation. In addition, the negative ecosystem and health effect of pathogens, antibiotic and metal resistant genes found in the polluted area can be studied. Also, the identification of novel compounds/genes/proteins involved in the biotechnology and sustainable agriculture practices can be performed with the integration of metagenomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- V T Anju
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Siddhardha Busi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Mahima S Mohan
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Simi Asma Salim
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Sabna Ar
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Madangchanok Imchen
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Ranjith Kumavath
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
- Department of Genomic Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Kerala, India
| | - Madhu Dyavaiah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Botany, School of Life Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Bihar, India
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21
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Agarwal A, Kansal V, Farooqi H, Prasad R, Singh VK. Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG), an Active Phenolic Compound of Green Tea, Inhibits Tumor Growth of Head and Neck Cancer Cells by Targeting DNA Hypermethylation. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030789. [PMID: 36979768 PMCID: PMC10045148 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancers are among the deadliest cancers, ranked sixth globally in rates of high mortality and poor patient prognoses. The prevalence of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is associated with smoking and excessive alcohol consumption. Despite several advances in diagnostic and interventional methods, the morbidity of subjects with HNSCC has remained unchanged over the last 30 years. Epigenetic alterations, such as DNA hypermethylation, are commonly associated with several cancers, including HNSCC. Thus, epigenetic changes are considered promising therapeutic targets for chemoprevention. Here, we investigated the effect of EGCG on DNA hypermethylation and the growth of HNSCC. First, we assessed the expression levels of global DNA methylation in HNSCC cells (FaDu and SCC-1) and observed enhanced methylation levels compared with normal human bronchial epithelial cells (NHBE). Treatment of EGCG to HNSCC cells significantly inhibited global DNA hypermethylation by up to 70–80% after 6 days. Inhibition of DNA hypermethylation in HNSCC cells was confirmed by the conversion of 5-methylcytosine (5-mc) into 5-hydroxy methylcytosine (5hmC). DNA methyltransferases regulate DNA methylation. Next, we checked the effect of EGCG on the expression levels of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and DNMT activity. Treatment of EGCG to HNSCC cells significantly reduced DNMT activity to 60% in SCC-1 and 80% in FaDu cells. The protein levels of DNMT3a and DNMT3b were downregulated in both cell lines after EGCG treatment. EGCG treatment to HNSCC cells reactivated tumor suppressors and caused decreased cell proliferation. Our in vivo study demonstrated that administration of EGCG (0.5%, w/w) as a supplement within an AIN76A diet resulted in inhibition of tumor growth in FaDu xenografts in nude mice (80%; p < 0.01) compared with non-EGCG-treated controls. The growth inhibitory effect of dietary EGCG on the HNSCC xenograft tumors was associated with the inhibition of DNMTs and reactivation of silenced tumor suppressors. Together, our study provides evidence that EGCG acts as a DNA demethylating agent and can reactivate epigenetically silenced tumor suppressors to inhibit the growth of HNSCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshu Agarwal
- Department of Zoology, Agra College, Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Agra 282004, India
| | - Vikash Kansal
- Department of Otolaryngology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Humaira Farooqi
- Department of Biochemistry, Hamdard University, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Correspondence: (R.P.); (V.K.S.); Tel.: +1-205-996-8685 (R.P.); +91-9412137516 (V.K.S.); Fax: +1-205-996-8653 (R.P.)
| | - Vijay Kumar Singh
- Department of Zoology, Agra College, Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Agra 282004, India
- Narain PG Degree College, Shikohabad, Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Agra 282004, India
- Correspondence: (R.P.); (V.K.S.); Tel.: +1-205-996-8685 (R.P.); +91-9412137516 (V.K.S.); Fax: +1-205-996-8653 (R.P.)
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22
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Agarwal A, Kansal V, Farooqi H, Singh VK, Prasad R. Differentially deregulated microRNAs contribute to ultraviolet radiation-induced photocarcinogenesis through immunomodulation: An-analysis of microRNAs expression profiling. bioRxiv 2023:2023.02.24.529976. [PMID: 36909651 PMCID: PMC10002698 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.24.529976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNA molecules (18-25 nucleotides) that regulate several fundamental biological processes. Emerging evidence has shown more than 1500 miRNAs functions in the cell cycle, proliferation, apoptosis, oxidative stress, immune response, DNA damage, and epigenetics alterations. miRNAs are bidirectionally in nature and act as a tumor suppressor and as an oncogene through crosstalk between tumor cells and immune cells. Although the roles of miRNAs in several cancers are well studied, little is known about ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation-induced skin cancer. Here, we performed a comprehensive screening of 1281 miRNAs in tumor tissues and compared their expression with normal skin. Our results demonstrate that the expression levels of 587 miRNAs were altered in tumor tissues compared to their expression in normal skin. The expression of 337 miRNAs was upregulated from 1.5-12 folds, while the expression of 250 miRNAs was downregulated up to 1.5-10 folds in tumors. Further, intraperitoneal injection of a mimic of down-regulated miR-15b (30nM) and an inhibitor of upregulated miR-133a (20nM) protect UVB-induced suppression of contact hypersensitivity (CHS) response. In conclusion, we identified a network of altered miRNAs in tumors that can serve as prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets to manage photocarcinogenesis effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshu Agarwal
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL-35294, USA
- Deptartment of Zoology, Agra Collage, Agra-282001, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Hamdard University, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Vikash Kansal
- Department of Otolaryngology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Humaira Farooqi
- Department of Biotechnology, Hamdard University, New Delhi-110062, India
| | | | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL-35294, USA
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23
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Prasad R, Adu-Agyeiwaah Y, Floyd JL, Asare-Bediako B, Li Calzi S, Chakraborty D, Harbour A, Rohella A, Busik JV, Li Q, Grant MB. Sustained ACE2 Expression by Probiotic Improves Integrity of Intestinal Lymphatics and Retinopathy in Type 1 Diabetic Model. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12051771. [PMID: 36902558 PMCID: PMC10003436 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12051771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal lymphatic, known as lacteal, plays a critical role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis by regulating several key functions, including the absorption of dietary lipids, immune cell trafficking, and interstitial fluid balance in the gut. The absorption of dietary lipids relies on lacteal integrity, mediated by button-like and zipper-like junctions. Although the intestinal lymphatic system is well studied in many diseases, including obesity, the contribution of lacteals to the gut-retinal axis in type 1 diabetes (T1D) has not been examined. Previously, we showed that diabetes induces a reduction in intestinal angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), leading to gut barrier disruption. However, when ACE2 levels are maintained, a preservation of gut barrier integrity occurs, resulting in less systemic inflammation and a reduction in endothelial cell permeability, ultimately retarding the development of diabetic complications, such as diabetic retinopathy. Here, we examined the impact of T1D on intestinal lymphatics and circulating lipids and tested the impact of intervention with ACE-2-expressing probiotics on key aspects of gut and retinal function. Akita mice with 6 months of diabetes were orally gavaged LP-ACE2 (3x/week for 3 months), an engineered probiotic (Lactobacillus paracasei; LP) expressing human ACE2. After three months, immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to evaluate intestinal lymphatics, gut epithelial, and endothelial barrier integrity. Retinal function was assessed using visual acuity, electroretinograms, and enumeration of acellular capillaries. LP-ACE2 significantly restored intestinal lacteal integrity as assessed by the increased expression of lymphatic vessel hyaluronan receptor 1 (LYVE-1) expression in LP-ACE2-treated Akita mice. This was accompanied by improved gut epithelial (Zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), p120-catenin) and endothelial (plasmalemma vesicular protein -1 (PLVAP1)) barrier integrity. In Akita mice, the LP-ACE2 treatment reduced plasma levels of LDL cholesterol and increased the expression of ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 1 (ABCG1) in retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE), the population of cells responsible for lipid transport from the systemic circulation into the retina. LP-ACE2 also corrected blood-retinal barrier (BRB) dysfunction in the neural retina, as observed by increased ZO-1 and decreased VCAM-1 expression compared to untreated mice. LP-ACE2-treated Akita mice exhibit significantly decreased numbers of acellular capillaries in the retina. Our study supports the beneficial role of LP-ACE2 in the restoration of intestinal lacteal integrity, which plays a key role in gut barrier integrity and systemic lipid metabolism and decreased diabetic retinopathy severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Prasad
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Yvonne Adu-Agyeiwaah
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Jason L. Floyd
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Bright Asare-Bediako
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Sergio Li Calzi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Dibyendu Chakraborty
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Angela Harbour
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Aayush Rohella
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Julia V. Busik
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Qiuhong Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Maria B. Grant
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-205-996-8685; Fax: +1-205-934-3425
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24
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Kavitha A, Doss A, Praveen Pole R, Pushpa Rani TK, Prasad R, Satheesh S. A mini review on plant-mediated zinc oxide nanoparticles and their antibacterial potency. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2023.102654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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25
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Pandit S, Sharma M, Banerjee S, Kumar Nayak B, Das D, Khilari S, Prasad R. Pretreatment of cyanobacterial biomass for the production of biofuel in microbial fuel cells. Bioresour Technol 2023; 370:128505. [PMID: 36572159 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The present study delves into phototrophic cyanobacterial biomass production by concomitant CO2 sequestration, selecting an effective pretreatment condition followed by using this as feedstock for green fuel or bioelectricity production by Microbial Fuel Cells (MFC). The performance of the various photobioreactors were put up against Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 biomass production. Maximum microalgal biomass of 1.15 gL-1 was attained in an airlift bioreactor for 9 days under a light intensity of 100 µEm-2s-1. Pretreatment methods like sonication, HCl acid, and H2O2 treatment (2 % vv-1) were applied to digest harvested biomass. Higher power output (6.76 Wm-3) was attained, and 73.5 % COD was eliminated using 2 % (vv-1) acid pre-treated biomass. Better results were obtained using acid pre-treated biomass because the conductivity of the anolyte increased with the neutralization of acid-pre-treated biomass. The results demonstrate that cyanobacterial biomass could be employed successfully as a renewable resource for green fuel generation in MFCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Pandit
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India; Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India
| | - Minaxi Sharma
- Department of Applied Biology, University of Science and Technology, Ri-Bhoi, Meghalaya 793101, India
| | - Srijoni Banerjee
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India; Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Adamas University, Kolkata, West Bengal 7000126, India
| | - Bikram Kumar Nayak
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India; Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha 769008, India
| | - Debabrata Das
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Santimoy Khilari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Allahabad, Senate House, University Road, Old Katra, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh 211002, India
| | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Botany, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, Bihar 845401, India.
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26
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Gavas S, Pawar P, Pandit S, Khanna N, Mathuriya AS, Prasad R. Role of Extremophiles in the Microbial Electrochemical Cell. Extremophiles 2023. [DOI: 10.1201/9781003335221-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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27
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Choudhary DK, Vaishnav A, Jain S, Mandal MK, Prasad R. Editorial: Climate impact on plant holobiont: Mitigation strategies and sustainability. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1040876. [PMID: 36756199 PMCID: PMC9901293 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1040876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D. K. Choudhary
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Noida, India,*Correspondence: D. K. Choudhary ✉
| | - Anukool Vaishnav
- Department of Biotechnology, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shekhar Jain
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Mandsaur University, Mandsaur, India
| | - Mihir K. Mandal
- Crop Improvement and Protection Research, Agricultural Research Service (USDA), Salinas, CA, United States
| | - Ram Prasad
- Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, Bihar, India
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28
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Prasad R, Floyd JL, Dupont M, Harbour A, Adu-Agyeiwaah Y, Asare-Bediako B, Chakraborty D, Kichler K, Rohella A, Calzi SL, Lammendella R, Wright J, Boulton ME, Oudit GY, Raizada MK, Stevens BR, Li Q, Grant MB. Maintenance of Enteral ACE2 Prevents Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 1 Diabetes. Circ Res 2023; 132:e1-e21. [PMID: 36448480 PMCID: PMC9822874 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.122.322003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We examined components of systemic and intestinal renin-angiotensin system on gut barrier permeability, glucose homeostasis, systemic inflammation, and progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in human subjects and mice with type 1 diabetes (T1D). METHODS T1D individual with (n=18) and without (n=20) DR and controls (n=34) were examined for changes in gut-regulated components of the immune system, gut leakage markers (FABP2 [fatty acid binding protein 2] and peptidoglycan), and Ang II (angiotensin II); Akita mice were orally administered a Lactobacillus paracasei (LP) probiotic expressing humanized ACE2 (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2) protein (LP-ACE2) as either a prevention or an intervention. Akita mice with genetic overexpression of humanAce2 by small intestine epithelial cells (Vil-Cre.hAce2KI-Akita) were similarly examined. After 9 months of T1D, circulatory, enteral, and ocular end points were assessed. RESULTS T1D subjects exhibit elevations in gut-derived circulating immune cells (ILC1 cells) and higher gut leakage markers, which were positively correlated with plasma Ang II and DR severity. The LP-ACE2 prevention cohort and genetic overexpression of intestinal ACE2 preserved barrier integrity, reduced inflammatory response, improved hyperglycemia, and delayed development of DR. Improvements in glucose homeostasis were due to intestinal MasR activation, resulting in a GSK-3β (glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta)/c-Myc (cellular myelocytomatosis oncogene)-mediated decrease in intestinal glucose transporter expression. In the LP-ACE2 intervention cohort, gut barrier integrity was improved and DR reversed, but no improvement in hyperglycemia was observed. These data support that the beneficial effects of LP-ACE2 on DR are due to the action of ACE2, not improved glucose homeostasis. CONCLUSIONS Dysregulated systemic and intestinal renin-angiotensin system was associated with worsening gut barrier permeability, gut-derived immune cell activation, systemic inflammation, and progression of DR in human subjects. In Akita mice, maintaining intestinal ACE2 expression prevented and reversed DR, emphasizing the multifaceted role of the intestinal renin-angiotensin system in diabetes and DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Prasad
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Jason L. Floyd
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Mariana Dupont
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Angela Harbour
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Yvonne Adu-Agyeiwaah
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Bright Asare-Bediako
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Dibyendu Chakraborty
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Kara Kichler
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Aayush Rohella
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Sergio Li Calzi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | | | | | - Michael E. Boulton
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Gavin Y. Oudit
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2B7, Canada
| | - Mohan K. Raizada
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Bruce R. Stevens
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Qiuhong Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Maria B. Grant
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
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Smith C, Williams J, Hall C, Caley M, O’Toole E, Prasad R, Metherell L. 181 Sphingosine 1-phosphate lyase insufficiency induced ichthyosis is due to sphingolipid imbalance, increased differentiation, and aberrant intercellular junctions. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.09.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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30
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Singh A, Varma A, Prasad R, Porwal S. Bioprospecting uncultivable microbial diversity in tannery effluent contaminated soil using shotgun sequencing and bio-reduction of chromium by indigenous chromate reductase genes. Environ Res 2022; 215:114338. [PMID: 36116499 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The tannery industry generates a consequential threat to the environment by producing a large amount of potentially toxic metal-containing waste. Bioremediation has been a promising approach for treating potentially toxic metals, but the efficiency of remediation in microbes is one of the factors limiting their application in tanneries waste treatment. The motivation behind the present work was to explore the microbial diversity and chromate reductase genes present in the tannery effluent-contaminated soil using metagenomics approach. The use of shotgun sequencing enabled the identification of operational parameters that influence microbiome composition and their ability to reduce Chromium (Cr) concentration. The Cr concentration in Kanpur tannery effluent contaminated soil sample was 700 ppm which is many folds than the approved permissible limit by World Health Organisation (WHO) for Cr is 100 ppm. Metagenomic Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid (DNA) was extracted to explore taxonomic community structure, phylogenetic linkages, and functional profile. With a Guanine-Cytosine (GC) abundance of 54%, total of 45,163,604 high-quality filtered reads were obtained. Bacteria (83%), Archaebacteria (14%), and Viruses (3%) were discovered in the structural biodiversity. Bacteria were classified to phylum level, with Proteobacteria (52%) being the dominant population, followed by Bacteriodetes (15%), Chloroflexi (15%), Spirochaetes (7%), Thermotogae (5%), Actinobacteria (4%), and Firmicutes (1%). The OXR genes were cloned and checked for their efficiency to reduce Cr concentration. Insitu validation of OXR8 gene showed a reduction of Cr concentration from 700 ppm to 24 ppm in 72 h (96.51% reduction). The results of this study suggests that there is a huge reservoir of microbes and chromate reductase genes which are unexplored yet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayushi Singh
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Uttar Pradesh, Noida-201301, India
| | - Ajit Varma
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Uttar Pradesh, Noida-201301, India
| | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Botany, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari-845401, Bihar, India.
| | - Shalini Porwal
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Uttar Pradesh, Noida-201301, India.
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Asare-Bediako B, Adu-Agyeiwaah Y, Abad A, Li Calzi S, Floyd JL, Prasad R, DuPont M, Asare-Bediako R, Bustelo XR, Grant MB. Hematopoietic Cells Influence Vascular Development in the Retina. Cells 2022; 11:3207. [PMID: 36291075 PMCID: PMC9601270 DOI: 10.3390/cells11203207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic cells play a crucial role in the adult retina in health and disease. Monocytes, macrophages, microglia and myeloid angiogenic cells (MACs) have all been implicated in retinal pathology. However, the role that hematopoietic cells play in retinal development is understudied. The temporal changes in recruitment of hematopoietic cells into the developing retina and the phenotype of the recruited cells are not well understood. In this study, we used the hematopoietic cell-specific protein Vav1 to track and investigate hematopoietic cells in the developing retina. By flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry, we show that hematopoietic cells are present in the retina as early as P0, and include microglia, monocytes and MACs. Even before the formation of retinal blood vessels, hematopoietic cells localize to the inner retina where they eventually form networks that intimately associate with the developing vasculature. Loss of Vav1 lead to a reduction in the density of medium-sized vessels and an increased inflammatory response in retinal astrocytes. When pups were subjected to oxygen-induced retinopathy, hematopoietic cells maintained a close association with the vasculature and occasionally formed 'frameworks' for the generation of new vessels. Our study provides further evidence for the underappreciated role of hematopoietic cells in retinal vasculogenesis and the formation of a healthy retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bright Asare-Bediako
- Vision Science Graduate Program, School of Optometry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Yvonne Adu-Agyeiwaah
- Vision Science Graduate Program, School of Optometry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Antonio Abad
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer de Salamanca, CSIC and University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC and University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBER), CSIC and University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Sergio Li Calzi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Jason L. Floyd
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Mariana DuPont
- Vision Science Graduate Program, School of Optometry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Richmond Asare-Bediako
- Thomas H. Gosnell School of Life Sciences, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, USA
| | - Xose R. Bustelo
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer de Salamanca, CSIC and University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Maria B. Grant
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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Gaba S, Rai AK, Varma A, Prasad R, Goel A. Biocontrol potential of mycogenic copper oxide nanoparticles against Alternaria brassicae. Front Chem 2022; 10:966396. [PMID: 36110132 PMCID: PMC9468977 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.966396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The biological synthesis of nanoparticles using fungal cultures is a promising and novel tool in nano-biotechnology. The potential culture of Trichoderma asperellum (T. asperellum) has been used to synthesize copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) in the current study. The necrotrophic infection in Brassica species is caused due to a foliar pathogen Alternaria brassicae (A. brassicae). Mycogenic copper oxide nanoparticles (M-CuO NPs) were characterized by spectroscopic and microscopic techniques such as UV–visible spectrophotometry (UV–vis), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The antifungal potential of CuO NPs was studied against A. brassicae. M-CuO NPs exhibited a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) at 303 nm, and XRD confirmed the crystalline phase of NPs. FTIR spectra confirmed the stretching of amide bonds, and the carbonyl bond indicated the presence of enzymes in T. asperellum filtrate. SEM and TEM confirmed the spherical shape of M-CuO NPs with an average size of 22 nm. Significant antifungal potential of M-CuO NPs was recorded, as it inhibited the growth of A. brassicae up to 92.9% and 80.3% in supplemented media with C-CuO NPs at 200 ppm dose. Mancozeb and propiconazole inhibited the radial growth up to 38.7% and 44.2%. SEM confirmed the morphological changes in hyphae and affected the sporulation pattern. TEM revealed hardly recognizable organelles, abnormal cytoplasmic distribution, and increased vacuolization, and light microscopy confirmed the conidia with reduced diameter and fewer septa after treatment with both types of NPs. Thus, M-CuO NPs served as a promising alternative to fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Gaba
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Noida, India
| | - Ashutosh Kumar Rai
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ajit Varma
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Noida, India
| | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Botany, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, BR, India
- *Correspondence: Ram Prasad, ; Arti Goel,
| | - Arti Goel
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Noida, India
- *Correspondence: Ram Prasad, ; Arti Goel,
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Mahajan N, Koul B, Kaur J, Bishnoi M, Gupta P, Kumar A, Shah BA, Mubeen I, Rai AK, Prasad R, Singh J. Antiobesity Potential of Bioactive Constituents from Dichloromethane Extract of Psoralea corylifolia L. Seeds. Biomed Res Int 2022; 2022:9504787. [PMID: 36060144 PMCID: PMC9436577 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9504787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Effectively controlling the accumulation of adipose tissue can be a therapeutic strategy for treating obesity, which is a global problem. The present study was designed for comparative assessment of in vitro antiobesity activities of the Psoralea corylifolia-dichloromethane seed extract (DCME) and the isolated phytochemicals, bakuchiol, isopsoralen, and psoralen, through antiadipogenesis and pancreatic lipase (PL) inhibition assays. Material and Methods. In vitro pancreatic lipase activity was determined spectrophotometrically by measuring the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl butyrate (p-NPB) to p-nitrophenol at 405 nm, and adipogenesis was assayed in 3 T3-L1 adipocytes (by using Oil Red O staining) using P. corylifolia-dichloromethane seed extract (DCME) and individual compounds, isolated from the extract. Result Antilipase as well as antiadipogenesis activity was displayed by both the DCME and the compounds. Maximum antilipase property was recorded in DCME (26.02 ± .041%) at 100 μg/ml, while, among the isolated compounds, bakuchiol exhibited a higher activity (24.2 ± 0.037%) at 100 μg/ml concentration, compared to other isolates. DCME was found to exhibit antiadipogenesis property, 75 ± 0.003% lipid accumulation, compared to the control at 100 μg/ml dose. Bakuchiol, isopsoralen, and psoralen inhibited the lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, 78.06 ± 0.002%, 80.91 ± 0.004%, and 80.91 ± 0.001%, respectively, lipid accumulation in comparison to control at 25 μM dose. Conclusion The present study highlights the antiobesity potential of P. corylifolia and its active constituents. Thus, it can be concluded that P. corylifolia has the potential to treat obesity and related diseases; however, further research on dose standardization and clinical trials are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Mahajan
- Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411 Punjab, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Govt. Degree College Kathua, Affiliated to University of Jammu, 184104, J&K (UT), India
| | - Bhupendra Koul
- Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411 Punjab, India
| | - Jasleen Kaur
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Knowledge City-Sector 81, SAS, Nagar, Punjab 140603, India
| | - Mahendra Bishnoi
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Knowledge City-Sector 81, SAS, Nagar, Punjab 140603, India
| | - Pankaj Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Govt. Degree College Kathua, Affiliated to University of Jammu, 184104, J&K (UT), India
| | - Amit Kumar
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, J&K (UT), Jammu 180001, India
| | - Bhahwal Ali Shah
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, J&K (UT), Jammu 180001, India
| | - Iqra Mubeen
- College of Plant Health and Medicine, Key Lab of Integrated Crop Disease and Pest Management, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong 266109, China
| | - Ashutosh Kumar Rai
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Botany, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, 845401 Bihar, India
| | - Joginder Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411 Punjab, India
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Pattnaik S, Imchen M, Kumavath R, Prasad R, Busi S. Bioactive Microbial Metabolites in Cancer Therapeutics: Mining, Repurposing, and Their Molecular Targets. Curr Microbiol 2022; 79:300. [PMID: 36002695 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-022-02990-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The persistence and resurgence of cancer, characterized by abnormal cell growth and differentiation, continues to be a serious public health concern critically affecting public health, social life, and the global economy. Hundreds of putative drug molecules of synthetic and natural origin were approved for anticancer therapy in the last few decades. Although conventional anticancer treatment strategies have promising aspects, several factors such as their limitations, drug resistance, and side effects associated with them demand more effort in repositioning or developing novel therapeutic regimens. The rich heritage of microbial bioactive components remains instrumental in providing novel avenues for cancer therapeutics. Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and fungi have a plethora of bioactive compounds, which received attention for their efficacy in cancer treatment targeting different pathways responsible for abnormal cell growth and differentiation. Yet the full potential remains underexplored to date, and novel compounds from such microbes are reported regularly. In addition, the advent of computational tools has further augmented the mining of microbial secondary metabolites and identifying their molecular targets in cancer cells. Furthermore, the drug-repurposing strategy has facilitated the use of approved drugs of microbial origin in regulating cancer cell growth and progression. The wide diversity of microbial compounds, different mining approaches, and multiple modes of action warrant further investigations on the current status of microbial metabolites in cancer therapeutics. Hence, in this review, we have critically discussed the untapped potential of microbial products in mitigating cancer progression. The review also summarizes the impact of drug repurposing in cancer therapy and discusses the novel avenues for future therapeutic drug development against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhaswaraj Pattnaik
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India.,Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Burla, Sambalpur, Odisha, 768019, India
| | - Madangchanok Imchen
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India.,Department of Genomic Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerela, Kasaragod, Kerela, 671316, India
| | - Ranjith Kumavath
- Department of Genomic Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerela, Kasaragod, Kerela, 671316, India
| | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Botany, School of Life Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, Bihar, 845401, India.
| | - Siddhardha Busi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India.
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Prasad R, Patton MJ, Floyd JL, Fortmann S, DuPont M, Harbour A, Wright J, Lamendella R, Stevens BR, Oudit GY, Grant MB. Plasma Microbiome in COVID-19 Subjects: An Indicator of Gut Barrier Defects and Dysbiosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:9141. [PMID: 36012406 PMCID: PMC9409329 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut is a well-established route of infection and target for viral damage by SARS-CoV-2. This is supported by the clinical observation that about half of COVID-19 patients exhibit gastrointestinal (GI) complications. We aimed to investigate whether the analysis of plasma could provide insight into gut barrier dysfunction in patients with COVID-19 infection. Plasma samples of COVID-19 patients (n = 146) and healthy individuals (n = 47) were collected during hospitalization and routine visits. Plasma microbiome was analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing and gut permeability markers including fatty acid binding protein 2 (FABP2), peptidoglycan (PGN), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in both patient cohorts. Plasma samples of both cohorts contained predominately Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroides, and Actinobacteria. COVID-19 subjects exhibit significant dysbiosis (p = 0.001) of the plasma microbiome with increased abundance of Actinobacteria spp. (p = 0.0332), decreased abundance of Bacteroides spp. (p = 0.0003), and an increased Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes ratio (p = 0.0003) compared to healthy subjects. The concentration of the plasma gut permeability marker FABP2 (p = 0.0013) and the gut microbial antigens PGN (p < 0.0001) and LPS (p = 0.0049) were significantly elevated in COVID-19 patients compared to healthy subjects. These findings support the notion that the intestine may represent a source for bacteremia and contribute to worsening COVID-19 outcomes. Therapies targeting the gut and prevention of gut barrier defects may represent a strategy to improve outcomes in COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Prasad
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1670 University BLVD, VH490, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Michael John Patton
- Hugh Kaul Precision Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Jason Levi. Floyd
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1670 University BLVD, VH490, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Seth Fortmann
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1670 University BLVD, VH490, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Mariana DuPont
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1670 University BLVD, VH490, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Angela Harbour
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1670 University BLVD, VH490, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | | | | | - Bruce R. Stevens
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Gavin Y. Oudit
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada
| | - Maria B. Grant
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1670 University BLVD, VH490, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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Ranjan P, Goswami S, Dutta RK, Prasad R, zhang Q, Lal H, Verma S. Abstract P3060: Circulating Gut Microbial Peptides Exacerbate Cardiac Dysfunction In IL10KO Mice Following Transaortic Constriction. Circ Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1161/res.131.suppl_1.p3060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Heart failure is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the USA. Recently, impaired intestinal permeability is known to augment cardiac dysfunction. Though, the cardioprotective role of IL10 is well known, its role in reducing gut dysbiosis and maintaining intestinal permeability during hypertrophic heart failure is not known. We hypothesized that IL10 maintains intestinal permeability and inhibits the release of gut microbial peptides (GMPs) which ultimately improves cardiac function.
Methods:
WT & IL10KO mice were subjected to TAC or sham surgery. Heart and intestine were collected to evaluate inflammation genes expression, immune cell infiltration (flow cytometry), and intestinal permeability (WB and immunohistochemistry). Blood was collected to quantify peptidoglycan (PGN) and other bacterial metabolites (TMAO) levels. The effect of PGN on mitochondrial functions was evaluated in neonatal cardiomyocytes.
Results:
Cardiac functions were significantly reduced in IL10KO mice following TAC. IL10 KO mice showed exacerbated inflammation (IL1β, IL6 and TNFα genes expression) following TAC. TAC induced leukocytes (monocyte/macrophage, T-cell and neutrophils) recruitments in the intestine in IL10KO mice. TAC mice showed gut dysbiosis (16S rRNA sequencing) in IL10KO mice. Further, IL10KO mice exhibited higher intestinal permeability as shown by increase in PV1 level and reduction in zonulin-1 (ZO-1) protein. Plasma PGN level was significantly increased in IL10KO mice following TAC. Pathway-based cardiotoxicity array showed a significant increase in uncoupler protein 2 (UCP2) and phospholamban (PLN; a calcium handling protein) genes expression in cardiomyocytes following PGN treatment. Finally, IL10 treatment restores PGN-induced decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential (TMRE assay) in cardiomyocytes.
Conclusion:
Taken together, data suggest that IL-10 helps to maintain gut wall permeability and reduced gut microbial peptide circulation to the heart and thus improves cardiac function by improving mitochondrial function. Ongoing investigations using molecular approaches will provide a better understanding of gut-heart signaling and its impact on the progress of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ram Prasad
- Univ of Alabama At Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | | | - Hind Lal
- Univ of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
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Prasad R, Ranjan P, Floyd JL, Harbour A, Rohella A, Verma SK, Grant M. Abstract P2054: Epigenetic Regulation Of TLR2 By Gut Microbial Antigens Aggravates Myocardial Fibrosis Through Activating Myd88/IRAK4/NF-kB Signaling In Type 2 Diabetes. Circ Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1161/res.131.suppl_1.p2054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients are 40% more likely to develop cardiovascular diseases compared to healthy individuals. Previously, we have shown that circulating gut peptides such as peptidoglycan (PGN) aggravate myocardial fibrosis through DNA hypomethylation-induced activation of TLR2; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms responsible remain elusive.
Hypothesis:
Gut microbial antigens activate MyD88/IRAK4/NF-κB signaling through TLR2 in cardiac tissue, resulting in myocardial fibrosis and cardiac dysfunction in T2D.
Methods:
Gut barrier integrity, cardiac inflammation, and DNA hypomethylation (5hmC) were measured in cardiac tissue via IHC, qPCR, ELISA, and western blot analysis in
db/db
mice, a murine model of T2D with 4 months of diabetes and age-matched controls. PGN-treated cardiac fibroblasts were analyzed via in-vitro studies with and without IRAK4 and NF-κB inhibitors.
Results:
db/db mice exhibited cardiac dysfunction and myocardial fibrosis as measured by reduced LVEF and LVFS with increased LV mass and collagen synthesis. These mice also exhibited higher gut permeability as observed by reduced tight junctional proteins (ZO-1, p120-catenin, and VE-cadherin, YAP, PV1) and increased levels of plasma FABP-2. The levels of PGN were higher in plasma (p<0.003) and cardiac tissue (p<0.001) of
db/db
mice. The expression of TLR2 (p<0.003) and pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β (p<0.008) and TNF-α (p<0.0004) were significantly up-regulated in diabetic hearts compared to WT. Expression of 5hmC was significantly higher (p<0.001) in the hearts of diabetic mice. Increased expression of 5hmC, ten-eleven translocation 1-3 (TET-1, 2, 3), IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were also observed in PGN-treated cardiac fibroblasts. IRAK4 (PF-06650883; 10μM) and NF-κB (CAPE; 50 μM) inhibition reduced the PGN-mediated fibroblast activation, resulting in reduced inflammation.
Conclusions:
Increased circulating gut microbial antigens by induction of systemic and cardiac inflammatory pathways result in damage to the myocardium of db/db mice. Therapies designed to restore the gut barrier and reduce TLR2 activation may potentially minimize the risk of diabetes-induced cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Prasad
- Univ of Alabama At Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Maria Grant
- Univ of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
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Singh S, Mukherjee A, Jaiswal DK, de Araujo Pereira AP, Prasad R, Sharma M, Kuhad RC, Shukla AC, Verma JP. Advances and future prospects of pyrethroids: Toxicity and microbial degradation. Sci Total Environ 2022; 829:154561. [PMID: 35296421 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pyrethroids are a class of insecticides structurally similar to that of natural pyrethrins. The application of pyrethrins in agriculture and pest control lead to many kinds of environmental pollution affecting human health and loss of soil microbial population that affect soil fertility and health. Natural pyrethrins have been used since ancient times as insect repellers, and their synthetic versions especially type 2 pyrethroids could be highly toxic to humans. PBO (Piperonyl butoxide) is known to enhance the toxicity of prallethrin in humans due to the resistance in its metabolic degradation. Pyrethroids are also known to cause plasma biochemical profile changes in humans and they also lead to the production of high levels of reactive oxygen species. Further they are also known to increase SGPT activity in humans. Due to the toxicity of pyrethrins in water bodies, soils, and food products, there is an urgent need to develop sustainable approaches to reduce their levels in the respective fields, which are eco-friendly, economically viable, and socially acceptable for on-site remediation. Keeping this in view, an attempt has been made to analyse the advances and prospects in using pyrethrins and possible technologies to control their harmful effects. The pyrethroid types, composition and biochemistry of necessary pyrethroid insecticides have been discussed in detail, in the research paper, along with their effect on insects and humans. It also covers the impact of pyrethroids on different plants and soil microbial flora. The second part deals with the microbial degradation of the pyrethroids through different modes, i.e., bioaugmentation and biostimulation. Many microbes such as Acremonium, Aspergillus, Microsphaeropsis, Westerdykella, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus have been used in the individual form for the degradation of pyrethroids, while some of them such as Bacillus are even used in the form of consortia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Singh
- Plant Microbe Interaction Lab, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Arpan Mukherjee
- Plant Microbe Interaction Lab, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | | | | | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Botany, School of Life Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, East Champaran, 845401, Bihar, India
| | - Minaxi Sharma
- Department of Applied Biology, University of Science and Technology, Meghalaya 793101, India; Laboratoire de "Chimie verte et Produits Biobasés", Haute Ecole Provinciale du Hainaut- Condorcet, Département AgroBioscience et Chimie, 11, Rue de la Sucrerie, 7800 ATH, Belgium
| | - Ramesh Chander Kuhad
- Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University, Gurgaon-Badli Road Chandu, Budhera, Gurugram, Haryana 122505, India
| | | | - Jay Prakash Verma
- Plant Microbe Interaction Lab, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
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Gaba S, Varma A, Prasad R, Goel A. Exploring the Impact of Bioformulated Copper Oxide Nanoparticles on Cytomorphology of Alternaria brassicicola. Curr Microbiol 2022; 79:244. [PMID: 35796840 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-022-02927-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Black leaf spot of Brassica species is caused by a foliar pathogen Alternaria brassicicola (A. brassicicola), the noxious killer of mustard, cabbage, and cauliflower crops. The current investigation involved the synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) from potential strain of Trichoderma harzianum (T. harzianum). Characterization of CuO NPs was performed by UV-vis, FTIR, XRD, SEM-EDX, and HR-TEM studies. UV-visible spectra showed an absorption peak at 275 nm. FTIR study revealed the presence of N-H bonds which could be due to the presence of enzymes and secondary metabolites released in the filtrate of T. harzianum. SEM and HR-TEM revealed the cube shape CuO NPs formed and average particle size was in the range of 31-45 nm. Poisoned food technique was used to check the antifungal efficacy of CuO NPs against A. brassicicola at various concentrations (0.025, 0.050, 0.1, and 0.15 mg/mL). In vitro assays carried on potato dextrose agar showed maximum antifungal activity at 0.15 mg/mL. The control sample have cylindrical and oblong shape conidia, while transverse septation was 2-4 in untreated population. The lower concentrations of CuO NPs (0.025 and 0.050 mg/mL) caused malformed spherical shape conidia with excessive septation, while its higher concentrations (0.1 and 0.15 mg/mL) leads to viability loss in fungal culture. Results indicated that a higher concentration of CuO NPs serve as an effective biocidal concentration for the control of phytopathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Gaba
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Noida, 201303, India
| | - Ajit Varma
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Noida, 201303, India
| | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Botany, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, Bihar, 845801, India.
| | - Arti Goel
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Noida, 201303, India.
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Sonawane JM, Rai AK, Sharma M, Tripathi M, Prasad R. Microbial biofilms: Recent advances and progress in environmental bioremediation. Sci Total Environ 2022; 824:153843. [PMID: 35176385 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Microbial biofilms are formed by adherence of the bacteria through their secreted polymer matrices. The major constituents of the polymer matrices are extracellular DNAs, proteins, polysaccharides. Biofilms have exhibited a promising role in the area of bioremediation. These activities can be further improved by tuning the parameters like quorum sensing, characteristics of the adhesion surface, and other environmental factors. Organic pollutants have created a global concern because of their long-term toxicity on human, marine, and animal life. These contaminants are not easily degradable and continue to prevail in the environment for an extended period. Biofilms are being used for the remediation of different pollutants, among which organic pollutants have been of significance. The bioremediation of organic contaminants using biofilms is an eco-friendly, cheap, and green process. However, the development of this technology demands knowledge on the mechanism of action of the microbes to form the biofilm, types of specific bacteria or fungi responsible for the degradation of a particular organic compound, and the mechanistic role of the biofilm in the degradation of the pollutants. This review puts forth a comprehensive summary of the role of microbial biofilms in the bioremediation of different environment-threatening organic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayesh M Sonawane
- Department of Chemistry, Alexandre-Vachon Pavilion, Laval University, Quebec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Ashutosh Kumar Rai
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Minaxi Sharma
- Department of Applied Biology, University of Science and Technology, Meghalaya, 793101, India
| | - Manikant Tripathi
- Biotechnology Program, Dr. Rammanohar Lohia Avadh University, Ayodhya 224001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Botany, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari 845401, Bihar, India.
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Gulizia J, Rueda M, Ovi F, Bonilla S, Prasad R, Jackson M, Gutierrez O, Pacheco W. Evaluate the effect of a commercial heat stable phytase on broiler performance, tibia ash, and mineral excretion from 1 to 49 days of age assessed using nutrient reduced diets. J APPL POULTRY RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.japr.2022.100276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Sarma H, Hazarika RP, Kumar V, Roy A, Pandit S, Prasad R. Microplastics in marine and aquatic habitats: sources, impact, and sustainable remediation approaches. Environ Sustain (Singap) 2022; 5:39-49. [PMID: 37519772 PMCID: PMC8923096 DOI: 10.1007/s42398-022-00219-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Plastic trash dumped into water bodies degrade over time into small fragments. These plastic fragments, which come under the category of micro-plastics (MPs), are generally 0.05-5 mm in size, and due to their small size they are frequently consumed by aquatic organisms. As a result, widespread MPs infiltration is a global concern for the aquatic environment, posing a threat to existing life forms. MPs easily bind to other toxic chemicals or metals, acting as vector for such toxic substances and introducing them into life forms. Polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, and other polymers are emerging pollutants that are detrimental to all types of organisms. The main route for MPs into the aquatic ecosystems is through the flushing of urban wastewater. The current paper investigates the origin, environmental fate, and toxicity of MPs, shedding light on their sustainable remediation. Graphical abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemen Sarma
- Bioremediation Technology Research Group, Department of Botany, Bodoland University, Rangalikhata, Deborgaon, Kokrajhar (BTR), Assam 783370 India
| | - Rupshikha Patowary Hazarika
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology (IASST), Guwahati, Assam 781035 India
| | - Vivek Kumar
- Himalayan School of Biosciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand India
| | - Arpita Roy
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, 201306 India
| | - Soumya Pandit
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, 201306 India
| | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Botany, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, Bihar 845401 India
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Gil CH, Chakraborty D, Vieira CP, Prasain N, Calzi SL, Fortmann SD, Hu P, Banno K, Jamal M, Huang C, Sielski MS, Lin Y, Huang X, Dupont MD, Floyd JL, Prasad R, Longhini ALF, McGill TJ, Chung HM, Murphy MP, Kotton DN, Boulton ME, Yoder MC, Grant MB. Specific mesoderm subset derived from human pluripotent stem cells ameliorates microvascular pathology in type 2 diabetic mice. Sci Adv 2022; 8:eabm5559. [PMID: 35245116 PMCID: PMC8896785 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abm5559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) were differentiated into a specific mesoderm subset characterized by KDR+CD56+APLNR+ (KNA+) expression. KNA+ cells had high clonal proliferative potential and specification into endothelial colony-forming cell (ECFCs) phenotype. KNA+ cells differentiated into perfused blood vessels when implanted subcutaneously into the flank of nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient mice and when injected into the vitreous of type 2 diabetic mice (db/db mice). Transcriptomic analysis showed that differentiation of hiPSCs derived from diabetics into KNA+ cells was sufficient to change baseline differences in gene expression caused by the diabetic status and reprogram diabetic cells to a pattern similar to KNA+ cells derived from nondiabetic hiPSCs. Proteomic array studies performed on retinas of db/db mice injected with either control or diabetic donor-derived KNA+ cells showed correction of aberrant signaling in db/db retinas toward normal healthy retina. These data provide "proof of principle" that KNA+ cells restore perfusion and correct vascular dysfunction in db/db mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Hyun Gil
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Dibyendu Chakraborty
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Cristiano P. Vieira
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Nutan Prasain
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Astellas Institute for Regenerative Medicine (AIRM), Westborough, MA 01581, USA
| | - Sergio Li Calzi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Seth D. Fortmann
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program (MSTP), School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Ping Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Kimihiko Banno
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Physiology II, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Mohamed Jamal
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Pulmonary Center, and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Department of Endodontics, Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai 00000, UAE
| | - Chao Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Micheli S. Sielski
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Yang Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Xinxin Huang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 310104, China
| | - Mariana D. Dupont
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Jason L. Floyd
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Ana Leda F. Longhini
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Trevor J. McGill
- Department of Ophthalmology, Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Hyung-Min Chung
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Michael P. Murphy
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Darrell N. Kotton
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Pulmonary Center, and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Michael E. Boulton
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Mervin C. Yoder
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Maria B. Grant
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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Kansal V, Agarwal A, Harbour A, Farooqi H, Singh VK, Prasad R. Regular Intake of Green Tea Polyphenols Suppresses the Development of Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer through miR-29-Mediated Epigenetic Modifications. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11020398. [PMID: 35054091 PMCID: PMC8777720 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11020398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we and others have shown that the regular intake of green tea polyphenols (GTPs) reduces ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation-induced skin cancer by targeting multiple signaling pathways, including DNA damage, DNA repair, immunosuppression, and inflammation. Here, we determine the effect of GTPs on UVB-induced epigenetic changes, emphasizing DNA hypermethylation in UV-exposed skin and tumors and their association with miR-29, a key regulator of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs). Skin cancer was induced in SKH-1 hairless mice following repeated exposures of UVB radiation (180 mJ/cm2, three times/week, 24 weeks) with or without GTPs supplementation (0.2%) in drinking water. Regular intake of GTPs inhibited tumor growth by hindering the cascade of DNA hypermethylation events. GTPs supplementation significantly blocked UVB-induced DNA hypermethylation in the skin (up to 35%; p < 0.0001) and in tumors (up to 50%; p < 0.0001). Experimental results showed that the levels of DNA hypermethylation were higher in GTPs-treated mice than in the control group. The expressions of miR-29a, miR-29b, and miR-29c were markedly decreased in UV-induced skin tumors, and GTPs administration blocked UVB-induced miR-29s depletion. Furthermore, these observations were verified using the in vitro approach in human skin cancer cells (A431) followed by treatment with GTPs or mimics of miR-29c. Increased levels of miR-29 were observed in GTPs-treated A431 cells, resulting in increased TET activity and decreased DNA hypermethylation. In conclusion, UVB-mediated miR-29 depletion promotes DNA hypermethylation and leads to enhanced tumor growth by silencing tumor suppressors. Regular intake of GTPs rescued UVB-induced miR-29 depletion and prevented tumor growth by maintaining reduced DNA hypermethylation and activating tumor suppressors. Our observations suggest that miR-based strategies and regular consumption of GTPs could minimize the risk of UVB-induced skin cancers and contribute to better management of NMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikash Kansal
- Department of Otolaryngology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
| | - Anshu Agarwal
- Department of Zoology, Agra College, Agra 282001, India;
- Department of Biotechnology, Hamdard University, New Delhi 110048, India
| | - Angela Harbour
- College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA;
| | - Humaira Farooqi
- Department of Biotechnology, Hamdard University, New Delhi 110048, India
- Correspondence: (H.F.); (V.K.S.); (R.P.)
| | - Vijay Kumar Singh
- Department of Zoology, Agra College, Agra 282001, India;
- Correspondence: (H.F.); (V.K.S.); (R.P.)
| | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Correspondence: (H.F.); (V.K.S.); (R.P.)
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Prasad R, Asare-Bediko B, Harbour A, Floyd JL, Chakraborty D, Duan Y, Lamendella R, Wright J, Grant MB. Microbial Signatures in The Rodent Eyes With Retinal Dysfunction and Diabetic Retinopathy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2022; 63:5. [PMID: 34985498 PMCID: PMC8742510 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.63.1.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The gut microbiome has been linked to disease pathogenesis through their interaction in metabolic, endocrine, and immune functions. The goal of this study was to determine whether the gut and plasma microbiota could transfer microbes to the retina in type 1 diabetic mice with retinopathy. Methods We analyzed the fecal, plasma, whole globe, and retina microbiome in Akita mice and compared with age-matched wild-type (WT) mice using 16S rRNA sequencing and metatranscriptomic analysis. To eliminate the contribution of the ocular surface and plasma microbiome, mice were perfused with sterile saline solution, the whole globes were extracted, and the neural retina was removed under sterile conditions for retinal microbiome. Results Our microbiome analysis revealed that Akita mice demonstrated a distinct pattern of microbes within each source: feces, plasma, whole globes, and retina. WT mice and Akita mice experienced transient bacteremia in the plasma and retina. Bacteria were identified in the retina of the Akita mice, specifically Corynebacterium, Pseudomonas, Lactobacillus, Staphylococcus, Enterococcus, and Bacillus. Significantly increased levels of peptidoglycan (0.036 ± 0.001 vs. 0.023 ± 0.002; P < 0.002) and TLR2 (3.47 ± 0.15 vs. 1.99 ± 0.07; P < 0.0001) were observed in the retina of Akita mice compared to WT. Increased IBA+ cells in the retina, reduced a- and b-waves on electroretinography, and increased acellular capillary formation demonstrated the presence of retinopathy in the Akita cohort compared to WT mice. Conclusions Together, our findings suggest that transient bacteremia exists in the plasma and retina of both cohorts. The bacteria found in Akita mice are distinct from WT mice and may contribute to development of retinal inflammation and barrier dysfunction in retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Prasad
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Bright Asare-Bediko
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Angela Harbour
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Jason L Floyd
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Dibyendu Chakraborty
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Yaqian Duan
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States.,Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | | | - Justin Wright
- Wright Labs, LLC, Huntingdon, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Maria B Grant
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
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Abstract
Primary health care (PHC) is targeted to ensure the highest possible level of health and well-being and their equitable distribution by concentrating on the public needs for a sustainable healthy life without any financial burden on patients. It is also explained how to give special preference to women, families, and rural communities on a priority basis. The most impressive part of this chapter is the role of PHC in handling the COVID-19 pandemic, which is still beyond perfect control. In this connection, the role of WHO to bring preventive measures at the state and country level is also well explained.
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Jose N, Prasad P, Prasad R, Ayub II, Jayakumar M. Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage (DAH) in the Immediate Post-Transplant Setting: An Unusual Case and a Review of Literature. Indian J Nephrol 2022; 32:498-501. [PMID: 36568595 PMCID: PMC9775602 DOI: 10.4103/ijn.ijn_409_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage is known to be a devastating clinical condition with myriad etiologies. The immediate post-transplant period is plagued by immunosuppression, surgical complications, and nosocomial sources of infection. Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in this setting is usually attributed to infection. In this case report, an unusual cause of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage due to anti-thymocyte globulin used as an induction agent is described, and an approach to DAH in the immediate post-transplant setting is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Jose
- Department of Nephrology, SRIHER, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pallavi Prasad
- Department of Nephrology, SRIHER, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Pallavi Prasad, Department of Nephrology, SRIHER, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu - 600 116, India. E-mail:
| | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Nephrology, SRIHER, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Irfan Ismail Ayub
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, SRIHER, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M. Jayakumar
- Department of Nephrology, SRIHER, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Sarma H, Bhattacharyya P, Jadhav DA, Pawar P, Thakare M, Pandit S, Mathuriya AS, Prasad R. Fungal-mediated electrochemical system: Prospects, applications and challenges. Curr Res Microb Sci 2021; 2:100041. [PMID: 34841332 PMCID: PMC8610361 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2021.100041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) that generate bioelectricity from biodegradable waste have received considerable attention from biologists. Fungi play a significant role as both anodic and cathodic catalysts in MFCs. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a fungus with an ability to transfer electrons through mediators such as methylene blue (MB), neutral red (NR) or even without a mediator. This unique role of fungal cells in exocellular electron transfer (EET) and their interactions with electrodes hold a lot of promise in areas such as wastewater treatment where yeast cell-based MFCs can be used. The present article highlights the physico-chemical factors affecting the performance of fungal-mediated MFCs in terms of power output and degradation of organic pollutants, along with the challenges associated with fungal MFCs. In addition, to this comparative assessment of fungal-mediated bio-electrochemical systems, their development, possible applications and potential challenges are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemen Sarma
- Department of Botany, Nanda Nath Saikia College, Titabar 785630, Assam, India
| | - P.N. Bhattacharyya
- Mycology and Microbiology Department, Tocklai Tea Research Institute, Tea Research Association, Jorhat 785008, Assam, India
| | - Dipak A. Jadhav
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Maharashtra Institute of Technology, Aurangabad, 431010, India
| | - Prajakta Pawar
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 410206, India
| | - Mayur Thakare
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 410206, India
| | - Soumya Pandit
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, 201306, India
| | - Abhilasha Singh Mathuriya
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, 201306, India
| | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Botany, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, 845401, Bihar, India
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Koch N, Islam NF, Sonowal S, Prasad R, Sarma H. Environmental antibiotics and resistance genes as emerging contaminants: Methods of detection and bioremediation. Curr Res Microb Sci 2021; 2:100027. [PMID: 34841318 PMCID: PMC8610363 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2021.100027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In developing countries, the use of antibiotics has helped to reduce the mortality rate by minimizing the deaths caused by pathogenic infections, but the costs of antibiotic contamination remain a major concern. Antibiotics are released into the environment, creating a complicated environmental problem. Antibiotics are used in human, livestock and agriculture, contributing to its escalation in the environment. Environmental antibiotics pose a range of risks and have significant effects on human and animal health. Nevertheless, this is the result of the development of antibiotic-resistant and multi-drug-resistant bacteria. In the area of health care, animal husbandry and crop processing, the imprudent use of antibiotic drugs produces antibiotic-resistant bacteria. This threat is the deepest in the developing world, with an estimated 700,000 people suffering from antibiotic-resistant infections each year. The study explores how bacteria use a wide variety of antibiotic resistance mechanism and how these approaches have an impact on the environment and on our health. The paper focuses on the processes by which antibiotics degrade, the health effects of these emerging contaminants, and the tolerance of bacteria to antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niharika Koch
- Department of Botany, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari 845401, Bihar, India
| | - Nazim F. Islam
- Department of Botany, Nanda Nath Saikia College, Titabar, Assam 785630, India
| | - Songita Sonowal
- Department of Botany, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari 845401, Bihar, India
| | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Botany, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari 845401, Bihar, India
| | - Hemen Sarma
- Department of Botany, Nanda Nath Saikia College, Titabar, Assam 785630, India
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Tanwar S, Paidi SK, Prasad R, Pandey R, Barman I. Advancing Raman spectroscopy from research to clinic: Translational potential and challenges. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2021; 260:119957. [PMID: 34082350 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.119957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy has emerged as a non-invasive and versatile diagnostic technique due to its ability to provide molecule-specific information with ultrahigh sensitivity at near-physiological conditions. Despite exhibiting substantial potential, its translation from optical bench to clinical settings has been impacted by associated limitations. This perspective discusses recent clinical and biomedical applications of Raman spectroscopy and technological advancements that provide valuable insights and encouragement for resolving some of the most challenging hurdles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Tanwar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States
| | - Santosh Kumar Paidi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States
| | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Botany, School of Life Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, Bihar 845401, India
| | - Rishikesh Pandey
- CytoVeris Inc., Farmington, CT 06032, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, United States.
| | - Ishan Barman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States; The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States; Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States.
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