1
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Cheung MD, Asiimwe R, Erman EN, Fucile CF, Liu S, Sun CW, Hanumanthu VS, Pal HC, Wright ED, Ghajar-Rahimi G, Epstein D, Orandi BJ, Kumar V, Anderson DJ, Greene ME, Bell M, Yates S, Moore KH, LaFontaine J, Killian JT, Baker G, Perry J, Khan Z, Reed R, Little SC, Rosenberg AF, George JF, Locke JE, Porrett PM. Spatiotemporal immune atlas of a clinical-grade gene-edited pig-to-human kidney xenotransplant. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3140. [PMID: 38605083 PMCID: PMC11009229 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47454-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Pig-to-human xenotransplantation is rapidly approaching the clinical arena; however, it is unclear which immunomodulatory regimens will effectively control human immune responses to pig xenografts. Here, we transplant a gene-edited pig kidney into a brain-dead human recipient on pharmacologic immunosuppression and study the human immune response to the xenograft using spatial transcriptomics and single-cell RNA sequencing. Human immune cells are uncommon in the porcine kidney cortex early after xenotransplantation and consist of primarily myeloid cells. Both the porcine resident macrophages and human infiltrating macrophages express genes consistent with an alternatively activated, anti-inflammatory phenotype. No significant infiltration of human B or T cells into the porcine kidney xenograft is detectable. Altogether, these findings provide proof of concept that conventional pharmacologic immunosuppression may be able to restrict infiltration of human immune cells into the xenograft early after compatible pig-to-human kidney xenotransplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Cheung
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Rebecca Asiimwe
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Elise N Erman
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Shanrun Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Flow Cytometry & Single Cell Core Facility, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Chiao-Wang Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Flow Cytometry & Single Cell Core Facility, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Vidya Sagar Hanumanthu
- Flow Cytometry & Single Cell Core Facility, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Harish C Pal
- Flow Cytometry & Single Cell Core Facility, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Emma D Wright
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Daniel Epstein
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Babak J Orandi
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Vineeta Kumar
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Douglas J Anderson
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Morgan E Greene
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Markayla Bell
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Stefani Yates
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Kyle H Moore
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jennifer LaFontaine
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - John T Killian
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Gavin Baker
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jackson Perry
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Zayd Khan
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Rhiannon Reed
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Shawn C Little
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Alexander F Rosenberg
- Informatics Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - James F George
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jayme E Locke
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Paige M Porrett
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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2
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Fortmann SD, Patton MJ, Frey BF, Tipper JL, Reddy SB, Vieira CP, Hanumanthu VS, Sterrett S, Floyd JL, Prasad R, Zucker JD, Crouse AB, Huls F, Chkheidze R, Li P, Erdmann NB, Harrod KS, Gaggar A, Goepfert PA, Grant MB, Might M. Circulating SARS-CoV-2+ megakaryocytes are associated with severe viral infection in COVID-19. Blood Adv 2023; 7:4200-4214. [PMID: 36920790 PMCID: PMC10022176 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2022009022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Several independent lines of evidence suggest that megakaryocytes are dysfunctional in severe COVID-19. Herein, we characterized peripheral circulating megakaryocytes in a large cohort of inpatients with COVID-19 and correlated the subpopulation frequencies with clinical outcomes. Using peripheral blood, we show that megakaryocytes are increased in the systemic circulation in COVID-19, and we identify and validate S100A8/A9 as a defining marker of megakaryocyte dysfunction. We further reveal a subpopulation of S100A8/A9+ megakaryocytes that contain severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) protein and RNA. Using flow cytometry of peripheral blood and in vitro studies on SARS-CoV-2-infected primary human megakaryocytes, we demonstrate that megakaryocytes can transfer viral antigens to emerging platelets. Mechanistically, we show that SARS-CoV-2-containing megakaryocytes are nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)-activated, via p65 and p52; express the NF-κB-mediated cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-1β; and display high surface expression of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and TLR4, canonical drivers of NF-κB. In a cohort of 218 inpatients with COVID-19, we correlate frequencies of megakaryocyte subpopulations with clinical outcomes and show that SARS-CoV-2-containing megakaryocytes are a strong risk factor for mortality and multiorgan injury, including respiratory failure, mechanical ventilation, acute kidney injury, thrombotic events, and intensive care unit admission. Furthermore, we show that SARS-CoV-2+ megakaryocytes are present in lung and brain autopsy tissues from deceased donors who had COVID-19. To our knowledge, this study offers the first evidence implicating SARS-CoV-2+ peripheral megakaryocytes in severe disease and suggests that circulating megakaryocytes warrant investigation in inflammatory disorders beyond COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth D. Fortmann
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Michael J. Patton
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
- Hugh Kaul Precision Medicine Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Blake F. Frey
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Jennifer L. Tipper
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Sivani B. Reddy
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Cristiano P. Vieira
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Vidya Sagar Hanumanthu
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Sarah Sterrett
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Jason L. Floyd
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Jeremy D. Zucker
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratories, Richland, WA
| | - Andrew B. Crouse
- Hugh Kaul Precision Medicine Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Forest Huls
- Hugh Kaul Precision Medicine Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Rati Chkheidze
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Nathaniel B. Erdmann
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Kevin S. Harrod
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Amit Gaggar
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Paul A. Goepfert
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Maria B. Grant
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Matthew Might
- Hugh Kaul Precision Medicine Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
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3
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Cheung MD, Asiimwe R, Erman EN, Fucile CF, Liu S, Sun CW, Hanumanthu VS, Pal HC, Wright ED, Ghajar-Rahimi G, Epstein D, Orandi BJ, Kumar V, Anderson DJ, Greene ME, Bell M, Yates S, Moore KH, LaFontaine J, Killian JT, Baker G, Perry J, Reed R, Little SC, Rosenberg AF, George JF, Locke JE, Porrett PM. Spatiotemporal immune atlas of the first clinical-grade, gene-edited pig-to-human kidney xenotransplant. Res Sq 2023:rs.3.rs-2382345. [PMID: 36711785 PMCID: PMC9882594 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2382345/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Pig-to-human xenotransplantation is rapidly approaching the clinical arena; however, it is unclear which immunomodulatory regimens will effectively control human immune responses to pig xenografts. We transplanted a gene-edited pig kidney into a brain-dead human recipient on pharmacologic immunosuppression and studied the human immune response to the xenograft using spatial transcriptomics and single-cell RNA sequencing. Human immune cells were uncommon in the porcine kidney cortex early after xenotransplantation and consisted of primarily myeloid cells. Both the porcine resident macrophages and human infiltrating macrophages expressed genes consistent with an alternatively activated, anti-inflammatory phenotype. No significant infiltration of human B or T cells into the porcine kidney xenograft was detected. Altogether, these findings provide proof of concept that conventional pharmacologic immunosuppression is sufficient to restrict infiltration of human immune cells into the xenograft early after compatible pig-to-human kidney xenotransplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D. Cheung
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Rebecca Asiimwe
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Elise N. Erman
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Shanrun Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Chiao-Wang Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Vidya Sagar Hanumanthu
- Flow Cytometry & Single Cell Core Facility, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Harish C. Pal
- Flow Cytometry & Single Cell Core Facility, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Emma D. Wright
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Daniel Epstein
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Babak J. Orandi
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Vineeta Kumar
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Douglas J. Anderson
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Morgan E. Greene
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Markayla Bell
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Stefani Yates
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Kyle H. Moore
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jennifer LaFontaine
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - John T. Killian
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Gavin Baker
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jackson Perry
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Rhiannon Reed
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Shawn C. Little
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Alexander F. Rosenberg
- Informatics Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL, USA
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - James F. George
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jayme E. Locke
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Paige M. Porrett
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL, USA
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4
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Gc S, Tuy K, Rickenbacker L, Jones R, Chakraborty A, Miller CR, Beierle EA, Hanumanthu VS, Tran AN, Mobley JA, Bellis SL, Hjelmeland AB. α2,6 Sialylation mediated by ST6GAL1 promotes glioblastoma growth. JCI Insight 2022; 7:e158799. [PMID: 36345944 PMCID: PMC9675560 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.158799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the least-investigated areas of brain pathology research is glycosylation, which is a critical regulator of cell surface protein structure and function. β-Galactoside α2,6-sialyltransferase (ST6GAL1) is the primary enzyme that α2,6 sialylates N-glycosylated proteins destined for the plasma membrane or secretion, thereby modulating cell signaling and behavior. We demonstrate a potentially novel, protumorigenic role for α2,6 sialylation and ST6GAL1 in the deadly brain tumor glioblastoma (GBM). GBM cells with high α2,6 sialylation exhibited increased in vitro growth and self-renewal capacity and decreased mouse survival when orthotopically injected. α2,6 Sialylation was regulated by ST6GAL1 in GBM, and ST6GAL1 was elevated in brain tumor-initiating cells (BTICs). Knockdown of ST6GAL1 in BTICs decreased in vitro growth, self-renewal capacity, and tumorigenic potential. ST6GAL1 regulates levels of the known BTIC regulators PDGF Receptor β (PDGFRB), Activated Leukocyte Cell Adhesion Molecule, and Neuropilin, which were confirmed to bind to a lectin-recognizing α2,6 sialic acid. Loss of ST6GAL1 was confirmed to decrease PDGFRB α2,6 sialylation, total protein levels, and the induction of phosphorylation by PDGF-BB. Thus, ST6GAL1-mediated α2,6 sialylation of a select subset of cell surface receptors, including PDGFRB, increases GBM growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajina Gc
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology
| | - Kaysaw Tuy
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology
| | | | - Robert Jones
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology
| | | | | | | | | | | | - James A Mobley
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Susan L Bellis
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology
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5
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Spurlock B, Hanumanthu VS, Mitra K. Strategy of Isolating 'Primed' Tumor Initiating Cells Based on Mitochondrial Transmembrane Potential. Bio Protoc 2021; 11:e3945. [PMID: 33796619 PMCID: PMC8005873 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.3945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Various stem cells have been found to be dependent on mitochondrial energetics. The role of mitochondria in regulating the self-renewal of normal stem cells and stem-like tumor initiating cells (TICs) is increasingly being appreciated. We proposed that TIC populations have a sub population of cells that are "primed" by mitochondria for self-renewal. Using ovarian cancer model, we have developed a protocol to identify and isolate these "primed" cells using Fluorescence-Assisted Cell Sorting (FACS). We combined live cell stains for a functional marker of TICs and for mitochondrial transmembrane potential to enrich TICs with higher mitochondrial potential that form in vitro spheroids 10-fold more than the other TICs with lower mitochondrial potential. This protocol can be directly used or modified to be used in various cell types. Thus, this protocol is anticipated to be invaluable for the basic understanding of mitochondrial and energetic heterogeneity within stem cell population, and may also prove valuable in translational studies in regenerative medicine and cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Spurlock
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
,
*For correspondence: ;
| | - Vidya Sagar Hanumanthu
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Kasturi Mitra
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
,
*For correspondence: ;
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6
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Padalabalanarayanan S, Hanumanthu VS, Sen B. Association of State Stay-at-Home Orders and State-Level African American Population With COVID-19 Case Rates. JAMA Netw Open 2020; 3:e2026010. [PMID: 33095253 PMCID: PMC7584926 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.26010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Importance To cope with the continuing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, state and local officials need information on the effectiveness of policies aimed at curbing disease spread, as well as state-specific characteristics, like the racial mix, associated with increased risks related to the disease. Objective To investigate whether state-imposed stay-at-home orders (SAHOs) and the proportion of African American population in a state were associated with the state-level COVID-19 cases. Design, Setting, and Participants This cross-sectional study used daily, state-level data on COVID-19 cases, tests, and fatalities from the COVID Tracking Project. Data from March 1 to May 4, 2020, for all states (except Washington state) as well as the District of Columbia were used. Exposures The key exposure variables were state-level SAHO (1 if in place, 0 otherwise), and proportion of state population who are African American. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was daily cumulative COVID-19 case rates. A secondary outcome was subsequent COVID-19 fatality rates, derived using mean cumulative fatality rates 21 to 28 days after each date. Multivariate regression models were estimated. Results The final sample included 3023 pooled state- and day-level observations. The mean (SD) cumulative positive case rate was 103.186 (200.067) cases per 100 000 state population, the mean (SD) cumulative test rate was 744.23 (894.944) tests per 100 000 state population, and the mean (SD) subsequent cumulative fatality rate was 12.923 (21.737) deaths per 100 000 state population. There was a negative association of SAHOs with cumulative case rates (β = -1.166; 95% CI, -1.484 to -0.847; P < .001) and subsequent fatality rates (β = -0.204; 95% CI, -0.294 to -0.113; P < .001). Estimation analyses indicated that expected cumulative case rates would have been more than 200% higher and fatality rates approximately 22% higher if there were no SAHOs, as compared with SAHOs fully in place. A higher proportion of African American population was associated with higher case rates (β = 0.045; 95% CI, 0.014 to 0.077; P = .001) and fatality rates (β = 0.068; 95% CI, 0.044 to 0.091; P < .001). Conclusions and Relevance In this cross-sectional study, SAHOs were associated with reductions in COVID-19 case rates. These findings could help inform policy makers to address the continued COVID-19 pandemic in the US. The proportion of African American population was positively associated with COVID-19 case rates, and this state-level finding adds to evidence from existing ecological studies using county-level data on racial disparities in COVID-19 infection rates and underlines the urgency of better understanding and addressing these disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeetha Padalabalanarayanan
- Department of Health Services Administration, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham
- University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Health Professions, Birmingham
| | - Vidya Sagar Hanumanthu
- Department of Health Services Administration, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham
- University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Health Professions, Birmingham
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham
| | - Bisakha Sen
- Department of Health Services Administration, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham
- Department of Health Care Organization and Policy, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham
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7
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Larson-Casey JL, Vaid M, Gu L, He C, Cai GQ, Ding Q, Davis D, Berryhill TF, Wilson LS, Barnes S, Neighbors JD, Hohl RJ, Zimmerman KA, Yoder BK, Longhini ALF, Hanumanthu VS, Surolia R, Antony VB, Carter AB. Increased flux through the mevalonate pathway mediates fibrotic repair without injury. J Clin Invest 2020; 129:4962-4978. [PMID: 31609245 DOI: 10.1172/jci127959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are important in mounting an innate immune response to injury as well as in repair of injury. Gene expression of Rho proteins is known to be increased in fibrotic models; however, the role of these proteins in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is not known. Here, we show that BAL cells from patients with IPF have a profibrotic phenotype secondary to increased activation of the small GTPase Rac1. Rac1 activation requires a posttranslational modification, geranylgeranylation, of the C-terminal cysteine residue. We found that by supplying more substrate for geranylgeranylation, Rac1 activation was substantially increased, resulting in profibrotic polarization by increasing flux through the mevalonate pathway. The increased flux was secondary to greater levels of acetyl-CoA from metabolic reprogramming to β oxidation. The polarization mediated fibrotic repair in the absence of injury by enhancing macrophage/fibroblast signaling. These observations suggest that targeting the mevalonate pathway may abrogate the role of macrophages in dysregulated fibrotic repair.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mudit Vaid
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, and
| | - Linlin Gu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, and
| | - Chao He
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, and
| | - Guo-Qiang Cai
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, and
| | - Qiang Ding
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, and
| | - Dana Davis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, and
| | - Taylor F Berryhill
- Targeted Metabolomics and Proteomics Laboratory, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Landon S Wilson
- Targeted Metabolomics and Proteomics Laboratory, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Stephen Barnes
- Targeted Metabolomics and Proteomics Laboratory, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Neighbors
- Department of Medicine, and.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Penn State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA.,Penn State Cancer Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Raymond J Hohl
- Department of Medicine, and.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Penn State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA.,Penn State Cancer Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Bradley K Yoder
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, and
| | - Ana Leda F Longhini
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Vidya Sagar Hanumanthu
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Ranu Surolia
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, and
| | - Veena B Antony
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, and
| | - A Brent Carter
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, and.,Birmingham Veterans Administration Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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8
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Slominski AT, Chaiprasongsuk A, Janjetovic Z, Kim TK, Stefan J, Slominski RM, Hanumanthu VS, Raman C, Qayyum S, Song Y, Song Y, Panich U, Crossman DK, Athar M, Holick MF, Jetten AM, Zmijewski MA, Zmijewski J, Tuckey RC. Photoprotective Properties of Vitamin D and Lumisterol Hydroxyderivatives. Cell Biochem Biophys 2020; 78:165-180. [PMID: 32441029 PMCID: PMC7347247 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-020-00913-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We have previously described new pathways of vitamin D3 activation by CYP11A1 to produce a variety of metabolites including 20(OH)D3 and 20,23(OH)2D3. These can be further hydroxylated by CYP27B1 to produce their C1α-hydroxyderivatives. CYP11A1 similarly initiates the metabolism of lumisterol (L3) through sequential hydroxylation of the side chain to produce 20(OH)L3, 22(OH)L3, 20,22(OH)2L3 and 24(OH)L3. CYP11A1 also acts on 7-dehydrocholesterol (7DHC) producing 22(OH)7DHC, 20,22(OH)27DHC and 7-dehydropregnenolone (7DHP) which can be converted to the D3 and L3 configurations following exposure to UVB. These CYP11A1-derived compounds are produced in vivo and are biologically active displaying anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and pro-differentiation properties. Since the protective role of the classical form of vitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) against UVB-induced damage is recognized, we recently tested whether novel CYP11A1-derived D3- and L3-hydroxyderivatives protect against UVB-induced damage in epidermal human keratinocytes and melanocytes. We found that along with 1,25(OH)2D3, CYP11A1-derived D3-hydroxyderivatives and L3 and its hydroxyderivatives exert photoprotective effects. These included induction of intracellular free radical scavenging and attenuation and repair of DNA damage. The protection of human keratinocytes against DNA damage included the activation of the NRF2-regulated antioxidant response, p53-phosphorylation and its translocation to the nucleus, and DNA repair induction. These data indicate that novel derivatives of vitamin D3 and lumisterol are promising photoprotective agents. However, detailed mechanisms of action, and the involvement of specific nuclear receptors, other vitamin D binding proteins or mitochondria, remain to be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej T Slominski
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Al, USA.
- Veteran Administration Medical Center, Birmingham, Al, USA.
| | - Anyamanee Chaiprasongsuk
- Faculty of Medicine and Public Health, HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Zorica Janjetovic
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Al, USA
| | - Tae-Kang Kim
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Al, USA
| | - Joanna Stefan
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Al, USA
| | - Radomir M Slominski
- Department of Medicine and Microbiology, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Vidya Sagar Hanumanthu
- Department of Medicine and Microbiology, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Chander Raman
- Department of Medicine and Microbiology, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Shariq Qayyum
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Al, USA
| | - Yuwei Song
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Al, USA
| | - Yuhua Song
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Al, USA
| | - Uraiwan Panich
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - David K Crossman
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Al, USA
| | - Mohammad Athar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Al, USA
| | | | - Anton M Jetten
- Cell Biology Section, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | | | - Jaroslaw Zmijewski
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Al, USA
| | - Robert C Tuckey
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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9
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He C, Larson-Casey JL, Davis D, Hanumanthu VS, Longhini ALF, Thannickal VJ, Gu L, Carter AB. NOX4 modulates macrophage phenotype and mitochondrial biogenesis in asbestosis. JCI Insight 2019; 4:126551. [PMID: 31434799 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.126551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage activation is implicated in the development of pulmonary fibrosis by generation of profibrotic molecules. Although NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) is known to contribute to pulmonary fibrosis, its effects on macrophage activation and mitochondrial redox signaling are unclear. Here, we show that NOX4 is crucial for lung macrophage profibrotic polarization and fibrotic repair after asbestos exposure. NOX4 was elevated in lung macrophages from subjects with asbestosis, and mice harboring a deletion of NOX4 in lung macrophages were protected from asbestos-induced fibrosis. NOX4 promoted lung macrophage profibrotic polarization and increased production of profibrotic molecules that induce collagen deposition. Mechanistically, NOX4 further augmented mitochondrial ROS production and induced mitochondrial biogenesis. Targeting redox signaling and mitochondrial biogenesis prevented the profibrotic polarization of lung macrophages by reducing the production of profibrotic molecules. These observations provide evidence that macrophage NOX4 is a potentially novel therapeutic target to halt the development of asbestos-induced pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao He
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, and
| | | | - Dana Davis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, and
| | - Vidya Sagar Hanumanthu
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Ana Leda F Longhini
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Victor J Thannickal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, and.,Birmingham Veterans Administration Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Linlin Gu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, and
| | - A Brent Carter
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, and.,Birmingham Veterans Administration Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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10
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Popescu I, Mannem H, Winters SA, Hoji A, Silveira F, McNally E, Pipeling MR, Lendermon EA, Morrell MR, Pilewski JM, Hanumanthu VS, Zhang Y, Gulati S, Shah PD, Iasella CJ, Ensor CR, Armanios M, McDyer JF. Impaired Cytomegalovirus Immunity in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Lung Transplant Recipients with Short Telomeres. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2019; 199:362-376. [PMID: 30088779 PMCID: PMC6363970 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201805-0825oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Cytomegalovirus (CMV)-related morbidities remain one of the most common complications after lung transplantation and have been linked to allograft dysfunction, but the factors that predict high risk for CMV complications and effective immunity are incompletely understood. OBJECTIVES To determine if short telomeres in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) lung transplant recipients (LTRs) predict the risk for CMV-specific T-cell immunity and viral control. METHODS We studied IPF-LTRs (n = 42) and age-matched non-IPF-LTRs (n = 42) and assessed CMV outcomes. We measured lymphocyte telomere length and DNA sequencing, and assessed CMV-specific T-cell immunity in LTRs at high risk for CMV events, using flow cytometry and fluorescence in situ hybridization. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS We identified a high prevalence of relapsing CMV viremia in IPF-LTRs compared with non-IPF-LTRs (69% vs. 31%; odds ratio, 4.98; 95% confidence interval, 1.95-12.50; P < 0.001). Within this subset, IPF-LTRs who had short telomeres had the highest risk of CMV complications (P < 0.01) including relapsing-viremia episodes, end-organ disease, and CMV resistance to therapy, as well as shorter time to viremia versus age-matched non-IPF control subjects (P < 0.001). The short telomere defect in IPF-LTRs was associated with significantly impaired CMV-specific proliferative responses, T-cell effector functions, and induction of the major type-1 transcription factor T-bet (T-box 21;TBX21). CONCLUSIONS Because the short telomere defect has been linked to the pathogenesis of IPF in some cases, our data indicate that impaired CMV immunity may be a systemic manifestation of telomere-mediated disease in these patients. Identifying this high-risk subset of LTRs has implications for risk assessment, management, and potential strategies for averting post-transplant CMV morbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iulia Popescu
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine and
| | - Hannah Mannem
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine and
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | | | - Aki Hoji
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine and
| | - Fernanda Silveira
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Emily McNally
- Department of Oncology and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center and
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yingze Zhang
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine and
| | - Swati Gulati
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine and
| | - Pali D. Shah
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Carlo J. Iasella
- University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Christopher R. Ensor
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine and
- University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Mary Armanios
- Department of Oncology and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center and
| | - John F. McDyer
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine and
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11
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Lakota K, Hanumanthu VS, Agrawal R, Carns M, Armanios M, Varga J. Short lymphocyte, but not granulocyte, telomere length in a subset of patients with systemic sclerosis. Ann Rheum Dis 2019; 78:1142-1144. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-214499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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12
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Wagner CL, Hanumanthu VS, Talbot CC, Abraham RS, Hamm D, Gable DL, Kanakry CG, Applegate CD, Siliciano J, Jackson JB, Desiderio S, Alder JK, Luznik L, Armanios M. Short telomere syndromes cause a primary T cell immunodeficiency. J Clin Invest 2018; 128:5222-5234. [PMID: 30179220 DOI: 10.1172/jci120216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms that drive T cell aging are not understood. We report that children and adult telomerase mutation carriers with short telomere length (TL) develop a T cell immunodeficiency that can manifest in the absence of bone marrow failure and causes life-threatening opportunistic infections. Mutation carriers shared T cell-aging phenotypes seen in adults 5 decades older, including depleted naive T cells, increased apoptosis, and restricted T cell repertoire. T cell receptor excision circles (TRECs) were also undetectable or low, suggesting that newborn screening may identify individuals with germline telomere maintenance defects. Telomerase-null mice with short TL showed defects throughout T cell development, including increased apoptosis of stimulated thymocytes, their intrathymic precursors, in addition to depleted hematopoietic reserves. When we examined the transcriptional programs of T cells from telomerase mutation carriers, we found they diverged from older adults with normal TL. Short telomere T cells upregulated DNA damage and intrinsic apoptosis pathways, while older adult T cells upregulated extrinsic apoptosis pathways and programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) expression. T cells from mice with short TL also showed an active DNA-damage response, in contrast with old WT mice, despite their shared propensity to apoptosis. Our data suggest there are TL-dependent and TL-independent mechanisms that differentially contribute to distinct molecular programs of T cell apoptosis with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - C Conover Talbot
- Institute for Basic Biomedical Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Roshini S Abraham
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - David Hamm
- Adaptive Biotechnologies, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Stephen Desiderio
- Institute for Basic Biomedical Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, and.,Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Leo Luznik
- Department of Oncology and.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, and
| | - Mary Armanios
- Department of Oncology and.,McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine.,Department of Pathology.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, and.,Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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13
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Stanley SE, Gable DL, Wagner CL, Carlile TM, Hanumanthu VS, Podlevsky JD, Khalil SE, DeZern AE, Rojas-Duran MF, Applegate CD, Alder JK, Parry EM, Gilbert WV, Armanios M. Loss-of-function mutations in the RNA biogenesis factor NAF1 predispose to pulmonary fibrosis-emphysema. Sci Transl Med 2017; 8:351ra107. [PMID: 27510903 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaf7837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pulmonary fibrosis have been hypothesized to represent premature aging phenotypes. At times, they cluster in families, but the genetic basis is not understood. We identified rare, frameshift mutations in the gene for nuclear assembly factor 1, NAF1, a box H/ACA RNA biogenesis factor, in pulmonary fibrosis-emphysema patients. The mutations segregated with short telomere length, low telomerase RNA levels, and extrapulmonary manifestations including myelodysplastic syndrome and liver disease. A truncated NAF1 was detected in cells derived from patients, and, in cells in which the frameshift mutation was introduced by genome editing, telomerase RNA levels were reduced. The mutant NAF1 lacked a conserved carboxyl-terminal motif, which we show is required for nuclear localization. To understand the disease mechanism, we used CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)/Cas9 (CRISPR-associated protein-9 nuclease) to generate Naf1(+/-) mice and found that they had half the levels of telomerase RNA. Other box H/ACA RNA levels were also decreased, but rRNA pseudouridylation, which is guided by snoRNAs, was intact. Moreover, first-generation Naf1(+/-) mice showed no evidence of ribosomal pathology. Our data indicate that disease in NAF1 mutation carriers is telomere-mediated; they show that NAF1 haploinsufficiency selectively disturbs telomere length homeostasis by decreasing the levels of telomerase RNA while sparing rRNA pseudouridylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan E Stanley
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Medical Scientist Training Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Dustin L Gable
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Medical Scientist Training Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Christa L Wagner
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Thomas M Carlile
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Vidya Sagar Hanumanthu
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Joshua D Podlevsky
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85277, USA
| | - Sara E Khalil
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Amy E DeZern
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Maria F Rojas-Duran
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Carolyn D Applegate
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Jonathan K Alder
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Erin M Parry
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Wendy V Gilbert
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Mary Armanios
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
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14
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Álvarez D, Cárdenes N, Sellarés J, Bueno M, Corey C, Hanumanthu VS, Peng Y, D'Cunha H, Sembrat J, Nouraie M, Shanker S, Caufield C, Shiva S, Armanios M, Mora AL, Rojas M. IPF lung fibroblasts have a senescent phenotype. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2017; 313:L1164-L1173. [PMID: 28860144 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00220.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms of aging that are involved in the development of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) are still unclear. Although it has been hypothesized that the proliferation and activation of human lung fibroblasts (hLFs) are essential in IPF, no studies have assessed how this process works in an aging lung. Our goal was to elucidate if there were age-related changes on primary hLFs isolated from IPF lungs compared with age-matched controls. We investigated several hallmarks of aging in hLFs from IPF patients and age-matched controls. IPF hLFs have increased cellular senescence with higher expression of β-galactosidase, p21, p16, p53, and cytokines related to the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) as well as decreased proliferation/apoptosis compared with age-matched controls. Additionally, we observed shorter telomeres, mitochondrial dysfunction, and upon transforming growth factor-β stimulation, increased markers of endoplasmic reticulum stress. Our data suggest that IPF hLFs develop senescence resulting in a decreased apoptosis and that the development of SASP may be an important contributor to the fibrotic process observed in IPF. These results might change the existing paradigm, which describes fibroblasts as aberrantly activated cells, to a cell with a senescence phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Álvarez
- The Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Nayra Cárdenes
- The Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jacobo Sellarés
- The Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Marta Bueno
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Catherine Corey
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Vidya Sagar Hanumanthu
- McGowan Institute of Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Yating Peng
- The Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Hannah D'Cunha
- The Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - John Sembrat
- The Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Mehdi Nouraie
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Swaroop Shanker
- The Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Chandler Caufield
- The Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Sruti Shiva
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Mary Armanios
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ana L Mora
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- The Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; .,Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,McGowan Institute of Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and
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15
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Alder JK, Stanley SE, Wagner CL, Hamilton M, Hanumanthu VS, Armanios M. Exome sequencing identifies mutant TINF2 in a family with pulmonary fibrosis. Chest 2015; 147:1361-1368. [PMID: 25539146 DOI: 10.1378/chest.14-1947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Short telomeres are a common defect in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, yet mutations in the telomerase genes account for only a subset of these cases. METHODS We identified a family with pulmonary fibrosis, idiopathic infertility, and short telomeres. RESULTS Exome sequencing of blood-derived DNA revealed two mutations in the telomere-binding protein TINF2. The first was a 15-base-pair deletion encompassing the exon 6 splice acceptor site, and the second was a missense mutation, Thr284Arg. Haplotype analysis indicated both variants fell on the same allele. However, lung-derived DNA showed predominantly the Thr284Arg allele, indicating that the deletion seen in the blood was acquired and may have a protective advantage because it diminished expression of the missense mutation. This mosaicism may represent functional reversion in telomere syndromes similar to that described for Fanconi anemia. No mutations were identified in over 40 uncharacterized pulmonary fibrosis probands suggesting that mutant TINF2 accounts for a small subset of familial cases. However, similar to affected individuals in this family, we identified a history of male and female infertility preceding the onset of pulmonary fibrosis in 11% of TERT and TR mutation carriers (five of 45). CONCLUSIONS Our findings identify TINF2 as a mutant telomere gene in familial pulmonary fibrosis and suggest that infertility may precede the presentation of pulmonary fibrosis in a small subset of adults with telomere syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan K Alder
- Department of Oncology and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT
| | - Susan E Stanley
- Department of Oncology and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Christa L Wagner
- Department of Oncology and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Makenzie Hamilton
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT
| | - Vidya Sagar Hanumanthu
- Department of Oncology and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Mary Armanios
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
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16
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To characterize granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor (CD114) expression in normal (n = 20), myelodysplastic (n = 34), and chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML; n = 5) bone marrow by flow cytometry. METHODS Clinical bone marrow samples were analyzed using CD33/CD114/CD34/CD117/CD45. CD114 density (mean fluorescence intensity) and cellular distribution were evaluated on early blasts (CD33-), late blasts (CD33+), promyelocytes, and granulocytes. RESULTS Normal CD114 acquisition occurred on early blasts, peaked on promyelocytes, and decreased on granulocytes. Forty percent of CD34+ blasts expressed CD114 and one-third were early blasts. In myelodysplastic syndromes, altered CD114 distribution was more informative than density changes. In CML, CD114 density was significantly decreased on early blasts and expression was essentially limited to late blasts. We observed a specific blast dysmaturation pattern in CML involving CD33, CD34, and CD114 that was 83% sensitive and 100% specific in initial diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS CD114 provides useful additional detail in phenotypic assessment of hematopoietic precursor maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidya Sagar Hanumanthu
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Samuel J. Pirruccello
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
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17
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18
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Zuniga J, Berg K, Noble J, Harder J, Chaffin M, Hanumanthu VS. Physiological Responses and Role of VO2 slow Component to Interval Training with Different Intensities and Durations of Work. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2008. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000322213.21626.2d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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