Association between six genetic variants of IL-17A and IL-17F and cervical cancer risk: a case-control study

Genetic association of Interleukin-17A polymorphism in Bangladeshi patients with breast and cervical cancer: a case-control study with functional analysis

BACKGROUND

Breast and cervical cancer are the two leading cancers in terms of incidence and mortality. Previous studies reported different interleukins, including interleukin-17A (IL-17A) to be responsible for the development and progression of these malignancies. Therefore, we speculated that the variants in this gene might be associated with these cancer developments in Bangladeshi population. For evaluating the hypothesis, we investigated the association of IL-17A rs3748067 polymorphism with the susceptibility of both breast and cervical cancer.

METHODS

This case-control study was performed on 156 breast cancer patients, 156 cervical cancer patients, and 156 controls using the tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction. The statistical software package SPSS (version 25.0) was applied for analyses. The genetic association was measured by the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A statistically significant association was considered when p-value ≤ 0.05. Functional analysis was performed using GEPIA and UALCAN databases.

RESULTS

From the calculation of the association of IL-17A rs3748067 with breast cancer, it is found that no genotype or allele showed a statistically significant association (p>0.05). On the other hand, the analysis of IL-17A rs3748067 with cervical cancer demonstrated that CT genotype showed a significant association (CT vs. CC: OR=1.79, p=0.021). In the overdominant model, CT genotype also revealed a statistically significant association with cervical cancer, which is found to be statistically significant (OR=1.84, p=0.015).

CONCLUSION

Our study summarizes that rs3748067 polymorphism in the IL-17A gene may be associated with cervical cancer but not breast cancer in Bangladeshi patients. However, we suggest studies in the future with a larger sample size.

A comprehensive meta-analysis of non-coding polymorphisms associated with precancerous lesions and cervical cancer

OBJECTIVES

To study the risk of polymorphisms present in the non-coding regions of genes related with cervical cancer.

METHODS

The PubMed database was extensively searched using text-mining techniques to identify literature containing the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms and cervical cancer. Case-control studies published till June 2020 were considered for the meta-analysis if they fulfilled the selection criteria. The polymorphisms within each case-control study were checked for the presence of genotype data and then divided into groups based on the precancerous and cancerous conditions of the cervix. Odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to study the effects of polymorphisms with the help of different genetic models (allele, dominant, recessive, heterozygous and homozygous). Also checked heterogeneity along with publication bias and statistical significance using the p-value.

RESULTS

120 papers covering 48 unique non-coding SNPs having 37,123 cases and 39,641 control data was considered for the meta-analysis. The genotype data was categorised into Cancer, Precancer and "Cancer + Precancer" groups, for 43, 8 and 11 SNPs respectively. The meta-analysis identified 21 and 1 SNPs as significant in the Cancer and "Cancer + Precancer" groups. Among all the polymorphisms, rs1143627 (IL1B), rs1800795 (IL6), rs1800871 (IL10), rs568408 (IL12A), rs3312227 (IL12B), rs2275913 (IL17A), rs5742909 (CTLA4), rs1800629 (TNFα), and rs4646903 (CYP1A1) were found to increase risk of cervical cancer in at least three of the five genetic models.

CONCLUSION

We identified potential non-coding SNPs corresponding to various cytokines like interleukins (ILs), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interferon (IFN) and other immune related genes like toll like receptor (TLR), cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein (CTLA) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), as significant with increased pooled OR in this meta-analysis pointing to risk association of the immune-related genes in cervical carcinogenesis.

Variable roles of interleukin-17F in different cancers

BACKGROUND

Interleukin (IL)-17 family is a group of six cytokines that plays a central role in inflammatory processes and participates in cancer progression. Interleukin-17A has been shown to have mainly a protumorigenic role, but the other members of the IL-17 family, including IL-17F, have received less attention.

METHODS

We applied systematic review guidelines to study the role of IL-17F, protein and mRNA expression, polymorphisms, and functions, in cancer. We carried out a systematic search in PubMed, Ovid Medline, Scopus, and Cochrane libraries, yielding 79 articles that met the inclusion criteria.

RESULTS

The findings indicated that IL-17F has both anti- and protumorigenic roles, which depend on cancer type and the molecular form and location of IL-17F. As an example, the presence of IL-17F protein in tumor tissue and patient serum has a protective role in oral and pancreatic cancers, whereas it is protumorigenic in prostate and bladder cancers. These effects are proposed to be based on multiple mechanisms, such as inhibition of angiogenesis, vasculogenic mimicry and cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and aggravating the inflammatory process. No solid evidence emerged for the correlation between IL-17F polymorphisms and cancer incidence or patients' prognosis.

CONCLUSION

IL-17F is a multifaceted cytokine. There is a clear demand for more well-designed studies of IL-17F to elucidate its molecular mechanisms in different types of cancer. The studies presented in this article examined a variety of different designs, study populations and primary/secondary outcomes, which unfortunately reduces the value of direct interstudy comparisons.

Polymorphisms in IL-17A Gene and Susceptibility of Colorectal Cancer in Bangladeshi Population: A Case-Control Analysis

OBJECTIVE

Interleukin-17A (IL-17A) genetic polymorphisms are associated with multiple cancer types, including colorectal cancer (CRC). However, no previous study was performed in the Bangladeshi population to evaluate the association. Our study aimed to find the association between two IL-17A variants (rs10484879 C/A and rs3748067 G/A) and susceptibility of CRC.

METHODS AND MATERIALS

This retrospective case-control study comprised 292 CRC patients and 288 age, sex, and BMI matched healthy volunteers. Genotyping of both variants was done by the tetra-primer ARMS-PCR method, and the results were analyzed by the SPSS software package (version-25.0).

RESULTS

Logistic regression analysis indicated that in case of IL-17A rs10484879 polymorphism, AC and AA genotype carriers showed 2.44- and 3.27-times significantly increased risk for CRC development (OR = 2.44, P = .0008 and OR = 3.27, P = .0133, individually). A significant association was also observed for AC + AA genotype (OR = 2.58, P = .0001). Again, over-dominant and allelic model revealed statistically significant link to CRC risk (OR = 2.13, P = .0035 and OR = 2.22, P = .001). For rs3748067 polymorphism, AG and AA genotype carriers showed 2.30- and 2.45-times enhanced risk for CRC (OR = 2.30, P = .005 and OR = 2.45, P = .031). A statistically significant association was also observed for AG + AA genotype (OR = 2.35, P = .001), over-dominant model (OR = 2.05, P = .014), and allelic model (OR = 2.11, P = .0004).

CONCLUSION

This study highlights that IL-17A rs10484879 and rs3748067 polymorphisms may be associated with CRC development. However, further functional research with larger samples may reveal more statistically significant outcomes.

Associations of IL-17A -197G/A and IL-17F 7488T/C polymorphisms with cancer risk in asians: An updated meta-analysis from 43 studies

OBJECTIVE

Numerous epidemiological studies have been published to elucidate the potential associations of IL-17A -197G/A (rs2275913) and IL-17F 7488T/C (rs763780) with cancer risk in Asians. Nevertheless, the results from different studies remain controversial. To identify the roles of the two polymorphisms in cancer risk, we performed this current meta-analysis.

METHODS

The available literature was derived from five databases, covering relevant articles updated through February 17, 2021. Five different analysis models with corresponding odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were applied to appraise the gene-disease correlation.

RESULTS

In total, 43 case-control studies with 31,237 subjects were enrolled. Overall analyses indicated that there was significantly increased cancer risk led by IL-17A -197G/A under the five analysis models. A similar tendency was also identified in the subgroup analysis of cancer type, especially for gastric cancer, cervical cancer, colorectal cancer, and oral carcinoma. As for IL-17F 7488T/C, we revealed that patients who carried this variant had a higher cancer risk in the recessive model among the overall analyses, as well as subgroup analyses of cervical cancer or oral carcinoma.

CONCLUSIONS

In summary, our work confirmed that IL-17A -197G/A acted as a risk factor for diverse cancer types and that IL-17F 7488T/C might be involved in cervical cancer and oral carcinoma.

Genetic polymorphisms of PGF and TNFAIP2 genes related to cervical cancer risk among Uygur females from China

BACKGROUND

PGF and TNFAIP2 are important angiogenic factors, which were abnormal expression in cervical cancer (CC). However, there is currently no report investigating the relationship of PGF and TNFAIP2 gene polymorphisms to CC risk.

METHODS

We conducted a case-control study of 342 CC patients and 498 cancer-free controls in a Chinese Uygur female population. Three SNPs (PGF rs8019391, PGF rs2268615, and TNFAIP2 rs710100) were selected and genotyped to assess the possible association of PGF and TNFAIP2 polymorphisms with CC susceptibility. Logistic regression analysis adjusted by age was used.

RESULTS

PGF rs2268615 (OR = 1.39, 95% CI = 1.04-1.86, p = 0.024) and TNFAIP2 rs710100 (OR = 1.44, 95% CI =1.07-1.95, p = 0.018) polymorphisms were associated with the increased risk of CC. Moreover, T allele of PGF rs8019391 was highly represented in patients with stage III-IV compared with stage I-II (OR = 2.17, p = 4.58 × 10- 4). MDR analysis revealed a positive interaction between the SNPs.

CONCLUSION

Our data indicated that PGF rs2268615, and TNFAIP2 rs710100 polymorphisms might be risk factors for CC susceptibility, which contributed to the increased risk of CC.

TRIAL REGISTRATION

Not applicable.

Association of Polymorphisms in Cytokine genes with susceptibility to Precancerous Lesions and Cervical Cancer: A systematic review with meta-analysis

Objectives: This study investigated the relationship between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in cytokine genes and the susceptibility to Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions (SIL), cervical cancer and HPV infection through a systematic review with meta-analysis. To verify the effect of SNPs, we also analyzed the transcription factor binding affinity using bioinformatics tools.Methods: Seven electronic databases (MEDLINE, Scielo, BIREME, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Science Direct) were searched for case-control studies.Results: A total of 35 relevant case-control studies were meta-analyzed, including 7 cytokine genes and 15 SNPs. SNPs in IL-17A (rs2275913, rs3748067); IL-17 F (rs763780); IL-12A (rs568408); IL-12B (rs3212227); TNFA (rs1800629, rs361525); IL-1B (rs16944); IL-6 (rs1800795); IL-10 (rs1800896) genes were associated with increased risk for cervical cancer. No association was observed between meta-analyzed polymorphisms and SIL. Additional bioinformatics analysis suggested a possible transcriptional regulation pathway of the TNFA and IL-10 genes through the MZF1 (TNFA -308 G > A and IL-10 - 1082A>G) and ZNF263 (TNFA -238 G > A) transcription factors binding.Conclusion: Overall, 10 SNPs in cytokine genes were associated with increased risk for cervical cancer. Therefore, in our meta-analysis, these SNPs demonstrated to be potential biomarkers for predicting or identifying cases of high risk for SIL and cervical cancer.

Interleukin-17 Gene Polymorphism Is Protective Against the Susceptibility to Adult Acute Myeloid Leukaemia in Egypt: A Case-Control Study

BACKGROUND:

Th17 cells are blamed for being accused in the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukaemia. Th17 cells are CD4+ cell subtype. They produce IL-17A and IL-17F.

AIM:

This study aims to trace the relation between IL-17A and IL-17F polymorphisms and AML incidence and to define the connection between IL-17 polymorphisms and its serum level.

METHODS:

A group of 100 acute myeloid leukaemia patients and 100 age and sex-matched healthy subjects (controls) were enrolled in the present work. Restriction fragment length polymorphism- polymerase chain reaction (PCR-RFLP) was done to detect IL-17A (rs2275913; G197A) and IL-17F (rs763780; A7488G). Serum IL-17 level was assessed by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis (ELISA) in both patients and controls.

RESULTS:

IL-17F, IL-17A mutant genotypes and alleles showed no significant relation with acute myeloid leukaemia incidence. Also, ELISA results proved that serum IL-17 did not vary between acute myeloid leukaemia patients and healthy subjects.

CONCLUSION:

Interleukin-17 gene polymorphisms did not consider a risk for acute myeloid leukaemia.

The impact of genetic variants in IL1R2 on cervical cancer risk among Uygur females from China: A case-control study

Background

Disordered inflammation and immune response is an acknowledged risk factor for cervical cancer development. Interleukin‐1 receptor type 2 (IL1R2) is a decoy receptor for IL‐1 cytokines and involved in host inflammatory and immune progression which could lead to the lesion and neoplasia of cervix. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationships between IL1R2 polymorphisms and cervical cancer risk in Uygur females from China.

Methods

In this case–control study, genotypes of six selected variants (rs11674595, rs4851527, rs719250, rs3218896, rs3218977, and rs2072472) distributed in IL1R2 were detected among 247 cervical cancer patients and 286 healthy controls with the usage of an Agena MassARRY method. Furthermore, Genetic models and haplotype analyses were conducted to estimate the associations of IL1R2 polymorphisms with cervical cancer risk.

Results

After statistical analyses, rs719250 (odd ratio [OR] = 1.436, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 1.079–1.911, p = 0.013) and rs3218896 (OR = 1.552, 95% CI = 1.080–2.229, p = 0.017) showed obvious evidence in correlation to cervical cancer susceptibility owing to the surviving significant differences between cases and controls in allele model. Genetic model analyses also revealed significant associations of rs719250 and rs3218896 with cervical cancer risk in the codominant model, the dominant model and the log‐additive model even after adjustment for age (p < 0.05). Moreover, haplotype “T/A” of rs11674595/rs4851527 (adjusted OR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.54–0.98, p = 0.037) and “T/C” of rs719250/rs3218896 (adjusted OR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.10–2.36, p = 0.015) exhibited protective and risky effects for Uygur individuals on cervical cancer development, respectively.

Conclusion

Our data first shed the new light on the associations of IL1R2 polymorphisms with cervical cancer susceptibility among Uygur females. These results are supposed to facilitate the tumorigenesis genetic research among Chinese minorities.

Th17 response in patients with cervical cancer

Persistent infection by high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) is the main risk factor for uterine cervical cancer (UCC). However, viral infection alone is not sufficient for the development and progression of premalignant cervical lesions for cancer. In previous years it has been suggested that the adaptive immune response triggered by the differentiation of naïve helper T cells in Th17 cells may serve an important role in disease development. It has been hypothesized that Th17 cells may be involved in the promotion of UCC, as high levels of interleukin 17 (IL17) expression have been detected in the mucosa of the uterine cervix of patients affected by the disease. However, the role of Th17 cells in the tumor development and progression remains unclear. It is believed that the immune response of the Th17 type during persistent infection of the genital tract with HR-HPV triggers chronic inflammation with a long duration with the production of IL17 and other pro-inflammatory cytokines, creating a favorable environment for tumor development. These cytokines are produced by immune system cells in addition to tumor cells and appear to function by modulating the host immune system, resulting in an immunosuppressive response as opposed to inducing an effective protective immune response, thus contributing to the growth and progression of the tumor. In the present review, the latest advances are presented about the function of Th17 cells and the cytokines produced by them in the development and progression of UCC.

Interleukin‑17A and heparanase promote angiogenesis and cell proliferation and invasion in cervical cancer

Interleukin‑17A (IL‑17A) is a CD4 T-cell-derived pro-inflammatory cytokine that is involved in human cervical tumorigenesis. Heparanase (HPSE) is an endo-glycosidase expressed in mammals, which has been confirmed to be associated with cervical cancer invasion. In the present study, it was hypothesized that IL‑17A and HPSE are key proteins promoting tumor angiogenesis and cell proliferation and invasion in cervical cancer. The expression of IL‑17A and HPSE in cervical cancer tissues was detected by immunohistochemical staining. In addition, the expression of IL‑17A and HPSE was down- and upregulated via RNAi and human recombinant proteins, and MTT and Transwell assays were performed to examine cervical cancer cell proliferation and invasion, respectively. Flow cytometry analysis was also performed to detect cell cycle distribution, and the levels of target mRNA and protein were evaluated by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively. IL‑17A and HPSE were highly expressed in cervical cancer tissues, and microvessel density was notably higher in the IL‑17A-positive group. IL‑17A and/or HPSE recombinant protein promoted the proliferation and invasion of cervical cancer cells, increased the proportion of cells in the G2/M phase, and enhanced the mRNA and protein expression of human papillomavirus E6, P53, vascular endothelial growth factor and CD31, whereas downregulation of IL‑17A and/or HPSE exerted the opposite effects. Furthermore, downregulation of IL‑17A and/or HPSE was found to inhibit the expression of nuclear factor (NF)-κB P65. In summary, IL‑17A and HPSE may promote tumor angiogenesis and cell proliferation and invasion in cervical cancer, possibly via the NF-κB signaling pathway. These findings may lead to the identification of new diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets.

Relationship of IL-17A and IL-17F genetic variations to cervical cancer risk: a meta-analysis

Aim: We performed a meta-analysis to determine a more precise relationship of IL-17A and IL-17F polymorphisms with cervical cancer risk. Materials & methods: PubMed, CNKI and Wan Fang databases were searched for studies on these associations using STATA version 10.0 software. Results: Five studies were included. The AG and AA genotypes and A allele of IL-17A rs2275913 were correlated with an elevated risk of cervical cancer. The TT genotype and T allele of IL-17A rs3748067 and the CC genotype and C allele of IL-17F rs763780 carried a moderate risk of cervical cancer, when compared with the wild-type genotype. Conclusion: IL-17A and IL-17F polymorphisms therefore have the potential to act as predictive biomarkers for cervical cancer risk.

Role of IL-17A rs2275913 and IL-17F rs763780 polymorphisms in risk of cancer development: an updated meta-analysis

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the interleukin-17 (IL-17) gene have been shown to be correlated with susceptibility to cancer. However, various studies report different results of this association. The aim of the present work was to clarify the effects of IL-17A G197A (rs2275913) and IL-17F T7488C (rs763780) polymorphisms on cancer risk. We performed systematic searches of the PubMed and CNKI databases to obtain relevant publications. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to evaluate the association of rs2275913 and rs763780 polymorphisms with cancer risk. Data were extracted from the selected studies, and statistical analysis was conducted using the STATA software. Our results indicated that rs2275913 and rs763780 polymorphisms significantly increase cancer risk, especially in gastric cancers. Subgroup analysis suggested the existence of a significant correlation between rs763780 polymorphism and cancer susceptibility in Caucasian populations. This updated meta-analysis confirms that rs2275913 and rs763780 polymorphisms are highly associated with increased risk for multiple forms of cancer.

Association Between IL-17A +197 G/A Polymorphism and Cancer Risk: A Meta-analysis

AIMS

The association between interleukin-17 (IL-17) gene polymorphism and cancer is controversial. Thus, we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the correlation between this gene variant and cancer risk.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

We retrieved the available data from EMBASE and PUBMED through June, 2015, and evaluated the effect of the rs2273913 polymorphism in different ethnicities and cancer types. A meta-analysis was performed after data sorting.

RESULTS

Significant associations were confirmed among Asians by the allelic model (T allele vs. G allele, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.304-2.120), homozygote comparison (AA vs. GG, 95% CI 1.073-1.615), and the recessive model (AA vs. AG/GG, 95% CI 1.128-1.778). We also demonstrated that rs2273913 confers a high risk of nongastrointestinal cancer based on the allelic model (T allele vs. G allele, 95% CI 2.288-3.442), homozygote comparison (AA vs. GG, 95% CI 1.312-1.925), and recessive model (AA vs. AG/GG, 95% CI 1.259-1.689).

CONCLUSIONS

Our present study indicates that the IL-17A +197 G/A/T polymorphism (rs2275913) is associated with the risk of cancer in Asian populations and nongastrointestinal cancers. Hence, rs2275913 might be useful as a diagnostic biomarker of cancer in these populations.

Interleukin-17A rs2275913, Interleukin-17F rs763780 and rs2397084 gene polymorphisms as possible risk factors in Juvenile lupus and lupus related nephritis

There are no reports about the association of interleukin (IL)-17A and IL-17F gene polymorphism and susceptibility to pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus (pSLE).

OBJECTIVE

To examine the possible role of IL-17A rs2275913, IL-17F rs763780 and rs2397084 polymorphisms as risk factors for pSLE in a cohort of Egyptian children and to investigate their association with the clinico-pathological features including lupus nephritis (LN).

METHODS

Typing of IL-17A and IL-17F polymorphisms was done using restriction fragment length polymorphism for 115 children with SLE and 259 age- and sex-matched healthy controls.

RESULTS

No significant differences were found between pSLE patients and healthy controls for the allele and genotype frequencies of IL-17A rs2275913, IL-17F rs763780 and rs2397084 (p > 0.05). However, the combined genotype GGAGAA and the haplotype GGA had significant association with pSLE (pc = 0.042 and <0.001, respectively). The AA genotype of IL-17F rs763780 is more frequent in female patients (p = 0.002) and the AA genotype of IL-17F rs2397084 is more associated with positivity of ds-DNA (p = 0.007). No more associations were found for the demographic and clinical data of pSLE patients including risk of LN development, risk of non-remission, overall survival, activity and chronicity indices.

CONCLUSION

The GGAGAA combined genotype and the GGA haplotype of IL-17A rs2275913, IL-17F rs763780 and rs2397084 can be considered risk factors for the development of SLE in Egyptian children. IL-17A rs2275913, IL-17F rs763780 and rs2397084 are not related to the LN development, SLE disease activity or overall survival.