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He P, Bao X, Jiang F, Liu X, Xu W, Yu D, Chen L, Chen F. Evaluating high-flow oxygen therapy after mechanical thrombectomy under general anesthesia in acute ischemic stroke: A retrospective single-center study. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2024; 243:108359. [PMID: 38838421 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2024.108359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of mechanical thrombectomy for acute intracranial vascular occlusion under general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation is well-established as a safe and effective method. However, the process of extubation post-surgery presents challenges for certain patients. This retrospective study assesses the safety and efficacy of combining mechanical ventilation with high-flow oxygen inhalation as an interim strategy, while also examining its impact on long-term clinical outcomes. METHODS This research enrolled 119 patients with acute intracranial large vessel occlusion who underwent mechanical thrombectomy under general anesthesia with tracheal intubation between January 2020 and November 2023. Participants were categorized into two groups: Group 1 (n=55), which received high-flow oxygen (HFO) post-extubation, and Group 2 (n=64), which was treated with routine oxygen supplementation (RO). The study compared reintubation and tracheotomy rates between these groups to determine safety and effectiveness. Additionally, it analyzed long-term clinical outcomes by comparing NIHSS and mRS scores before treatment and at 90-day follow-up. RESULTS The reintubation rate post-extubation was significantly lower in the HFO group (12.7 %, n=7) compared to the RO group (31.2 %, n=20, p=0.016). The incidence of tracheotomy within 7 days was also reduced in the HFO group compared to the RO group (7.3 %, n=4 vs 20.3 %, n=13, p=0.043). Moreover, a greater proportion of patients in the HFO group achieved mRS scores of 0-2 at 90 days post-stroke than those in the RO group (60 %, n=33 vs 40.6 %, n=26, p=0.035). The median NIHSS score at 90 days was more favorable in the HFO group than in the RO group (6, IQR [1-18] vs 8, IQR [1-20], p=0.005). CONCLUSION The study suggests that high-flow oxygen therapy after mechanical thrombectomy under general anesthesia with tracheal intubation may lessen the need for reintubation and tracheotomy, potentially leading to improved long-term prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingyou He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Xiang Bao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - FengFeng Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Xiaobo Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Danfeng Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China.
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China.
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Li W, Wang S, Liu L, Chen J, Lan J, Ding J, Chen Z, Yuan S, Qi Z, Wei M, Ji X. Normobaric Hyperoxia Combined With Endovascular Treatment Based on Temporal Gradient: A Dose-Escalation Study. Stroke 2024; 55:1468-1476. [PMID: 38747162 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.123.046106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Normobaric hyperoxia (NBO) has neuroprotective effects in acute ischemic stroke. Thus, we aimed to identify the optimal NBO treatment duration combined with endovascular treatment. METHODS This is a single-center, randomized controlled, open-label, blinded-end point dose-escalation clinical trial. Patients with acute ischemic stroke who had an indication for endovascular treatment at Tianjin Huanhu Hospital were randomly assigned to 4 groups (1:1 ratio) based on NBO therapy duration: (1) control group (1 L/min oxygen for 4 hours); (2) NBO-2h group (10 L/min for 2 hours); (3) NBO-4h group (10 L/min for 4 hours); and (4) NBO-6h group (10 L/min for 6 hours). The primary outcome was cerebral infarction volume at 72 hours after randomization using an intention-to-treat analysis model. The primary safety outcome was the 90-day mortality rate. RESULTS Between June 2022 and September 2023, 100 patients were randomly assigned to the following groups: control group (n=25), NBO-2h group (n=25), NBO-4h group (n=25), and NBO-6h group (n=25). The 72-hour cerebral infarct volumes were 39.4±34.3 mL, 30.6±30.1 mL, 19.7±15.4 mL, and 22.6±22.4 mL, respectively (P=0.013). The NBO-4h and NBO-6h groups both showed statistically significant differences (adjusted P values: 0.011 and 0.027, respectively) compared with the control group. Compared with the control group, both the NBO-4h and NBO-6h groups showed significant differences (P<0.05) in the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores at 24 hours, 72 hours, and 7 days, as well as in the change of the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores from baseline to 24 hours. Additionally, there were no significant differences among the 4 groups in terms of 90-day mortality rate, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, early neurological deterioration, or severe adverse events. CONCLUSIONS The effectiveness of NBO therapy was associated with oxygen administration duration. Among patients with acute ischemic stroke who underwent endovascular treatment, NBO therapy for 4 and 6 hours was found to be more effective. Larger-scale multicenter studies are needed to validate these findings. REGISTRATION URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT05404373.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weili Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China (W.L.)
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders (W.L., J.L., M.W., X.J.)
| | - Sifei Wang
- Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, China (S.W.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, China (S.W., M.W.)
| | - Lan Liu
- School of Statistics, University of Minnesota at Twin Cities, Minneapolis (L.L.)
| | | | - Jing Lan
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders (W.L., J.L., M.W., X.J.)
| | - Jiayue Ding
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, China (J.D.)
| | - Zhiying Chen
- Department of Neurology, Jiujiang University Affiliated Hospital, China (Z.C.)
| | - Shuhua Yuan
- Cerebrovascular Diseases Research Institute, Xuanwu Hospital (S.Y., Z.Q.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhifeng Qi
- Cerebrovascular Diseases Research Institute, Xuanwu Hospital (S.Y., Z.Q.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Wei
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders (W.L., J.L., M.W., X.J.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, China (S.W., M.W.)
| | - Xunming Ji
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders (W.L., J.L., M.W., X.J.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital (X.J.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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3
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Palikov VA, Pavlov NB, Amirov RR, Ismailova AM, Borozdina NA, Palikova YA, Dyachenko IA, Khokhlova ON, Ponomareva TI, Rykov VA, Logunov AT, Murashev AN, Baranov VM. Effect of a helium and oxygen mixture on physiological parameters of rats with cerebral arterial air embolism. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1388331. [PMID: 38803366 PMCID: PMC11128824 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1388331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Cerebral arterial air embolism (CAE) is a serious and potentially dangerous condition that can interrupt the blood supply to the brain and cause stroke. One of the promising gas mixtures for emergency treatment of air embolism is an oxygen-helium mixture. Methods: We modeled CAE in awake rats by injecting air into the common carotid artery. Immediately after CAE, animals were either untreated or underwent hyperbaria, oxygen inhalation, heated air inhalation, or helium-oxygen mixture inhalation. Body temperature, locomotor activity, respiratory and cardiovascular parameters were monitored in the animals before CAE modeling, and 3 and 24 h after CAE modeling. Results: After 3 hours of CAE modeling in awake rats, depression of the nervous, cardiovascular and respiratory systems, as well as decreased body temperature were observed. 24 h after CAE modeling multifocal cerebral ischemia was observed. Normobaric helium-oxygen mixture inhalation, on par with hyperbaric treatment, restored body temperature, locomotor activity, respiratory volume, respiratory rate, and blood pressure 3 hours after CAE, and prevented the formation of ischemic brain damage lesions 24 h after CAE. Discussion: Thus, inhalation of a heated oxygen-helium gas mixture (O2 30% and He 70%) immediately after CAE improves the physiological condition of the animals and prevents the foci of ischemic brain damage formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. A. Palikov
- Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Branch of the Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - N. B. Pavlov
- Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - R. R. Amirov
- Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A. M. Ismailova
- Branch of the Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - N. A. Borozdina
- Branch of the Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - Yu. A. Palikova
- Branch of the Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - I. A. Dyachenko
- Branch of the Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - O. N. Khokhlova
- Branch of the Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - T. I. Ponomareva
- Branch of the Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - V. A. Rykov
- Branch of the Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - A. T. Logunov
- Closed Joint Stock Company «Specialized Design Bureau of Experimental Equipment at the Institute of Medical and Biological Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences», Khimki, Russia
| | - A. N. Murashev
- Branch of the Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - V. M. Baranov
- Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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4
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Dammavalam V, Lin S, Nessa S, Daksla N, Stefanowski K, Costa A, Bergese S. Neuroprotection during Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Review of Future Therapies. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:891. [PMID: 38255965 PMCID: PMC10815099 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a major cause of death and disability worldwide. Endovascular thrombectomy has been impactful in decreasing mortality. However, many clinical results continue to show suboptimal functional outcomes despite high recanalization rates. This gap in recanalization and symptomatic improvement suggests a need for adjunctive therapies in post-thrombectomy care. With greater insight into ischemia-reperfusion injury, recent preclinical testing of neuroprotective agents has shifted towards preventing oxidative stress through upregulation of antioxidants and downstream effectors, with positive results. Advances in multiple neuroprotective therapies, including uric acid, activated protein C, nerinetide, otaplimastat, imatinib, verapamil, butylphthalide, edaravone, nelonemdaz, ApTOLL, regional hypothermia, remote ischemic conditioning, normobaric oxygen, and especially nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, have promising evidence for improving stroke care. Sedation and blood pressure management in endovascular thrombectomy also play crucial roles in improved stroke outcomes. A hand-in-hand approach with both endovascular therapy and neuroprotection may be the key to targeting disability due to stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikalpa Dammavalam
- Department of Neurology, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (V.D.); (K.S.)
| | - Sandra Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (S.L.); (N.D.); (A.C.)
| | - Sayedatun Nessa
- Department of Neurology, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (V.D.); (K.S.)
| | - Neil Daksla
- Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (S.L.); (N.D.); (A.C.)
| | - Kamil Stefanowski
- Department of Neurology, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (V.D.); (K.S.)
| | - Ana Costa
- Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (S.L.); (N.D.); (A.C.)
| | - Sergio Bergese
- Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (S.L.); (N.D.); (A.C.)
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5
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Poli S, Mbroh J, Baron JC, Singhal AB, Strbian D, Molina C, Lemmens R, Turc G, Mikulik R, Michel P, Tatlisumak T, Audebert HJ, Dichgans M, Veltkamp R, Hüsing J, Graessner H, Fiehler J, Montaner J, Adeyemi AK, Althaus K, Arenillas JF, Bender B, Benedikt F, Broocks G, Burghaus I, Cardona P, Deb-Chatterji M, Cviková M, Defreyne L, De Herdt V, Detante O, Ernemann U, Flottmann F, García Guillamón L, Glauch M, Gomez-Exposito A, Gory B, Sylvie Grand S, Haršány M, Hauser TK, Heck O, Hemelsoet D, Hennersdorf F, Hoppe J, Kalmbach P, Kellert L, Köhrmann M, Kowarik M, Lara-Rodríguez B, Legris L, Lindig T, Luntz S, Lusk J, Mac Grory B, Manger A, Martinez-Majander N, Mengel A, Meyne J, Müller S, Mundiyanapurath S, Naggara O, Nedeltchev K, Nguyen TN, Nilsson MA, Obadia M, Poli K, Purrucker JC, Räty S, Richard S, Richter H, Schilte C, Schlemm E, Stöhr L, Stolte B, Sykora M, Thomalla G, Tomppo L, van Horn N, Zeller J, Ziemann U, Zuern CS, Härtig F, Tuennerhoff J. Penumbral Rescue by normobaric O = O administration in patients with ischemic stroke and target mismatch proFile (PROOF): Study protocol of a phase IIb trial. Int J Stroke 2024; 19:120-126. [PMID: 37515459 PMCID: PMC10759237 DOI: 10.1177/17474930231185275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Oxygen is essential for cellular energy metabolism. Neurons are particularly vulnerable to hypoxia. Increasing oxygen supply shortly after stroke onset could preserve the ischemic penumbra until revascularization occurs. AIMS PROOF investigates the use of normobaric oxygen (NBO) therapy within 6 h of symptom onset/notice for brain-protective bridging until endovascular revascularization of acute intracranial anterior-circulation occlusion. METHODS AND DESIGN Randomized (1:1), standard treatment-controlled, open-label, blinded endpoint, multicenter adaptive phase IIb trial. STUDY OUTCOMES Primary outcome is ischemic core growth (mL) from baseline to 24 h (intention-to-treat analysis). Secondary efficacy outcomes include change in NIHSS from baseline to 24 h, mRS at 90 days, cognitive and emotional function, and quality of life. Safety outcomes include mortality, intracranial hemorrhage, and respiratory failure. Exploratory analyses of imaging and blood biomarkers will be conducted. SAMPLE SIZE Using an adaptive design with interim analysis at 80 patients per arm, up to 456 participants (228 per arm) would be needed for 80% power (one-sided alpha 0.05) to detect a mean reduction of ischemic core growth by 6.68 mL, assuming 21.4 mL standard deviation. DISCUSSION By enrolling endovascular thrombectomy candidates in an early time window, the trial replicates insights from preclinical studies in which NBO showed beneficial effects, namely early initiation of near 100% inspired oxygen during short temporary ischemia. Primary outcome assessment at 24 h on follow-up imaging reduces variability due to withdrawal of care and early clinical confounders such as delayed extubation and aspiration pneumonia. TRIAL REGISTRATIONS ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03500939; EudraCT: 2017-001355-31.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Poli
- Department of Neurology & Stroke, Eberhard-Karls University, University Hospital, Tubingen, Germany
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Eberhard-Karls University, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Joshua Mbroh
- Department of Neurology & Stroke, Eberhard-Karls University, University Hospital, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Jean-Claude Baron
- Department of Neurology, Hopital Sainte-Anne, Universite de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Aneesh B Singhal
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel Strbian
- Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Carlos Molina
- Department of Neurology, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Robin Lemmens
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Guillaume Turc
- Department of Neurology, Hopital Sainte-Anne, Universite de Paris, Paris, France
- Department of Neurology, GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences INSERM U1266 Universite Paris Cite FHU NeuroVasc, Paris, France
| | - Robert Mikulik
- Department of Neurology, St. Anne’s University Hospital Brno and Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Patrik Michel
- Neurosciences Cliniques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Turgut Tatlisumak
- Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Heinrich J Audebert
- Department of Neurology and Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Dichgans
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE, Munich), Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK, Munich), Munich, Germany
| | - Roland Veltkamp
- Department of Neurology, Alfried Krupp Hospital, Essen, Germany
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Johannes Hüsing
- Coordinating Centre for Clinical Trials, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Landeskrebsregister Nordrhein-Westfalen, Bochum, Germany
| | - Holm Graessner
- Center for Rare Diseases, Eberhard-Karls University, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Jens Fiehler
- Neuroradiology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Eppdata GmbH, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Joan Montaner
- Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca, Neurovascular Research Lab, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Benjamin Bender
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Eberhard-Karls University, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Frank Benedikt
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Gabriel Broocks
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ina Burghaus
- Coordinating Centre for Clinical Trials, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pere Cardona
- Department of Neurology, Hospital University de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Milani Deb-Chatterji
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martina Cviková
- Department of Neurology, St. Anne’s University Hospital in Brno, Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Luc Defreyne
- Department of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Veerle De Herdt
- Department of Neurology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Olivier Detante
- Neurology, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Inserm, U1216, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Ulrike Ernemann
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Eberhard-Karls University, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Fabian Flottmann
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Monika Glauch
- Center for Rare Diseases, Eberhard-Karls University, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Alexandra Gomez-Exposito
- Department of Neurology & Stroke, Eberhard-Karls University, University Hospital, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Gory
- Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Neuroradiology, Centre Hospital Regional Universitaire de Nancy, Universite de Lorraine, INSERM U1254, Nancy, France
| | - Sylvie Sylvie Grand
- Inserm, U1216, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Neuroradiology / MRI Department, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Michal Haršány
- Department of Neurology, St. Anne’s University Hospital in Brno, Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Centre, St. Anne’s University Hospital in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Till Karsten Hauser
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Eberhard-Karls University, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Olivier Heck
- Neuroradiology / MRI Department, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Florian Hennersdorf
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Eberhard-Karls University, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Julia Hoppe
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Pia Kalmbach
- Department of Neurology & Stroke, Eberhard-Karls University, University Hospital, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Lars Kellert
- Department of Neurology, Ludwig Maximilian University (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Köhrmann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Markus Kowarik
- Department of Neurology & Stroke, Eberhard-Karls University, University Hospital, Tubingen, Germany
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Eberhard-Karls University, Tubingen, Germany
| | | | - Loic Legris
- Neurology, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Inserm, U1216, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Tobias Lindig
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Eberhard-Karls University, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Steffen Luntz
- Coordinating Centre for Clinical Trials, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jay Lusk
- Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Brian Mac Grory
- Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Neurology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Andreas Manger
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Eberhard-Karls University, Tubingen, Germany
| | | | - Annerose Mengel
- Department of Neurology & Stroke, Eberhard-Karls University, University Hospital, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Johannes Meyne
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Susanne Müller
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Olivier Naggara
- Department of Neuroradiology, GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences INSERM U1266 Universite Paris Cite FHU NeuroVasc, Paris, France
| | - Krassen Nedeltchev
- Department of Neurology, KSA Kantonsspital Aarau and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thanh N Nguyen
- Department of Radiology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maike A Nilsson
- Coordinating Centre for Clinical Trials, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Obadia
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Hopital fondation Adolphe de Rothschild, Paris, France
| | - Khouloud Poli
- Department of Neurology & Stroke, Eberhard-Karls University, University Hospital, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Jan C Purrucker
- Department of Neurology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Silja Räty
- Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Hardy Richter
- Department of Infectiology, Eberhard-Karls-University, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Clotilde Schilte
- Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Eckhard Schlemm
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Linda Stöhr
- European Clinical Research Infrastructure Network (ECRIN), Paris, France
| | - Benjamin Stolte
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Marek Sykora
- Department of Neurology, St. John’s Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Götz Thomalla
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Liisa Tomppo
- Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Noel van Horn
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julia Zeller
- Department of Neurology & Stroke, Eberhard-Karls University, University Hospital, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Ulf Ziemann
- Department of Neurology & Stroke, Eberhard-Karls University, University Hospital, Tubingen, Germany
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Eberhard-Karls University, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Christine S Zuern
- Department of Cardiology, Universitatsspital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Florian Härtig
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Eberhard-Karls University, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Johannes Tuennerhoff
- Department of Neurology & Stroke, Eberhard-Karls University, University Hospital, Tubingen, Germany
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Eberhard-Karls University, Tubingen, Germany
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6
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Hu W, Li W, Mangal R, Jia M, Ji X, Ding Y. Normobaric Hyperoxia (NBHO): An Adjunctive Therapy to Cerebrovascular Recanalization in Ischemic Stroke. Aging Dis 2023; 14:1483-1487. [PMID: 37196114 PMCID: PMC10529751 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a serious neurological disease. Normobaric hyperoxia (NBHO) is both a non-invasive and easy method that seems to be able to improve outcomes after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. In clinical trials, normal low-flow oxygen has been shown to be ineffective, but NBHO has been shown to have a transient brain-protective effect. Today, NBHO combined with recanalization is the best treatment available. NBHO combined with thrombolysis is considered to improve neurological scores and long-term outcomes. Large randomized controlled trials (RCTs), however, are still needed to determine the role they will have in stroke treatment. RCTs of NBHO combined with thrombectomy have both improved infarct volume at 24 hours and the long-term prognosis. These two mechanisms most likely play key roles in the neuroprotective actions of NBHO after recanalization, including the increase in penumbra oxygen supply and the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Considering the mechanism of action of NBHO, oxygen should be given as early as possible to increase the duration of oxygen therapy before recanalization is initiated. NBHO can further prolong the existence time of penumbra, so that more patients may benefit from it. Overall, however, recanalization therapy is still essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Hu
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Weili Li
- Cerebrovascular Diseases Research Institute, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Ruchi Mangal
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Michigan, USA.
| | - Milan Jia
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Xunming Ji
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypoxic Conditioning Translational Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yuchuan Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Michigan, USA.
- John D. Dingell VA Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
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Cheng Z, Gao J, Ding Y, Pang Q, Rajah GB, Geng X. Arterial Glyceryl Trinitrate in Acute Ischemic Stroke After Thrombectomy for Neuroprotection (AGAIN): A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. Neurotherapeutics 2023; 20:1746-1754. [PMID: 37875733 PMCID: PMC10684471 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-023-01432-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Although endovascular therapy demonstrates robust clinical efficacy in acute ischemic stroke (AIS), not all stroke patients benefit from successful reperfusion. This study aimed to evaluate the safety, feasibility, and preliminary efficacy of intra-arterial administration of glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) after endovascular recanalization for neuroprotection. This is a prospective randomized controlled study. Eligible patients were randomized to receive 800 μg GTN or the same volume of normal saline through the catheter after recanalization. The primary outcome was symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), while secondary outcomes included mortality, functional outcome, infarction volume, complications, and blood nitrate index (NOx). A total of 40 patients were enrolled and randomized with no participants being lost to follow-up. There was no significant difference in the proportion of sICH between GTN and control groups. Additionally, no significant difference was observed in mortality or rates of neurological deterioration and other complications. Favorable trends, while non-significant, were noted in both outcome and imaging for functional independence at 90 days and reduction in final infarct volume (75.0% vs 65.0%; 33.2 vs 38.9 ml) for the GTN group. Moreover, the concentration of blood NOx in the GTN group was significantly higher than in the control group at 2 h after GTN administration (26.2 vs 18.0 μmol/l, p < 0.05). The AGAIN study suggests intra-arterial administration of GTN post-endovascular therapy is safe and feasible and GTN successfully raised NOx levels over controls at 2 h. A multi-center randomized controlled trial with a larger sample size is warranted to determine GTN neoadjuvant efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Cheng
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Tongzhou District, No. 82 Xinhua SouthRoad, Beijing, 101149, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Tongzhou District, No. 82 Xinhua SouthRoad, Beijing, 101149, China
| | - Yuchuan Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 550 E Canfield, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
| | - Qi Pang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 550 E Canfield, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Gary B Rajah
- Department of Neurosurgery, Munson Healthcare, Traverse City, MI, USA
| | - Xiaokun Geng
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Tongzhou District, No. 82 Xinhua SouthRoad, Beijing, 101149, China.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 550 E Canfield, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
- Luhe Institute of Neuroscience, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101100, China.
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Klitgaard TL, Schjørring OL, Nielsen FM, Meyhoff CS, Perner A, Wetterslev J, Rasmussen BS, Barbateskovic M. Higher versus lower fractions of inspired oxygen or targets of arterial oxygenation for adults admitted to the intensive care unit. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2023; 9:CD012631. [PMID: 37700687 PMCID: PMC10498149 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012631.pub3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This is an updated review concerning 'Higher versus lower fractions of inspired oxygen or targets of arterial oxygenation for adults admitted to the intensive care unit'. Supplementary oxygen is provided to most patients in intensive care units (ICUs) to prevent global and organ hypoxia (inadequate oxygen levels). Oxygen has been administered liberally, resulting in high proportions of patients with hyperoxemia (exposure of tissues to abnormally high concentrations of oxygen). This has been associated with increased mortality and morbidity in some settings, but not in others. Thus far, only limited data have been available to inform clinical practice guidelines, and the optimum oxygenation target for ICU patients is uncertain. Because of the publication of new trial evidence, we have updated this review. OBJECTIVES To update the assessment of benefits and harms of higher versus lower fractions of inspired oxygen (FiO2) or targets of arterial oxygenation for adults admitted to the ICU. SEARCH METHODS We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, Embase, Science Citation Index Expanded, BIOSIS Previews, and LILACS. We searched for ongoing or unpublished trials in clinical trial registers and scanned the reference lists and citations of included trials. Literature searches for this updated review were conducted in November 2022. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that compared higher versus lower FiO2 or targets of arterial oxygenation (partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2), peripheral or arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2 or SaO2)) for adults admitted to the ICU. We included trials irrespective of publication type, publication status, and language. We excluded trials randomising participants to hypoxaemia (FiO2 below 0.21, SaO2/SpO2 below 80%, or PaO2 below 6 kPa) or to hyperbaric oxygen, and cross-over trials and quasi-randomised trials. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Four review authors independently, and in pairs, screened the references identified in the literature searches and extracted the data. Our primary outcomes were all-cause mortality, the proportion of participants with one or more serious adverse events (SAEs), and quality of life. We analysed all outcomes at maximum follow-up. Only three trials reported the proportion of participants with one or more SAEs as a composite outcome. However, most trials reported on events categorised as SAEs according to the International Conference on Harmonisation Good Clinical Practice (ICH-GCP) criteria. We, therefore, conducted two analyses of the effect of higher versus lower oxygenation strategies using 1) the single SAE with the highest reported proportion in each trial, and 2) the cumulated proportion of participants with an SAE in each trial. Two trials reported on quality of life. Secondary outcomes were lung injury, myocardial infarction, stroke, and sepsis. No trial reported on lung injury as a composite outcome, but four trials reported on the occurrence of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and five on pneumonia. We, therefore, conducted two analyses of the effect of higher versus lower oxygenation strategies using 1) the single lung injury event with the highest reported proportion in each trial, and 2) the cumulated proportion of participants with ARDS or pneumonia in each trial. We assessed the risk of systematic errors by evaluating the risk of bias in the included trials using the Risk of Bias 2 tool. We used the GRADEpro tool to assess the overall certainty of the evidence. We also evaluated the risk of publication bias for outcomes reported by 10b or more trials. MAIN RESULTS We included 19 RCTs (10,385 participants), of which 17 reported relevant outcomes for this review (10,248 participants). For all-cause mortality, 10 trials were judged to be at overall low risk of bias, and six at overall high risk of bias. For the reported SAEs, 10 trials were judged to be at overall low risk of bias, and seven at overall high risk of bias. Two trials reported on quality of life, of which one was judged to be at overall low risk of bias and one at high risk of bias for this outcome. Meta-analysis of all trials, regardless of risk of bias, indicated no significant difference from higher or lower oxygenation strategies at maximum follow-up with regard to mortality (risk ratio (RR) 1.01, 95% confidence interval (C)I 0.96 to 1.06; I2 = 14%; 16 trials; 9408 participants; very low-certainty evidence); occurrence of SAEs: the highest proportion of any specific SAE in each trial RR 1.01 (95% CI 0.96 to 1.06; I2 = 36%; 9466 participants; 17 trials; very low-certainty evidence), or quality of life (mean difference (MD) 0.5 points in participants assigned to higher oxygenation strategies (95% CI -2.75 to 1.75; I2 = 34%, 1649 participants; 2 trials; very low-certainty evidence)). Meta-analysis of the cumulated number of SAEs suggested benefit of a lower oxygenation strategy (RR 1.04 (95% CI 1.02 to 1.07; I2 = 74%; 9489 participants; 17 trials; very low certainty evidence)). However, trial sequential analyses, with correction for sparse data and repetitive testing, could reject a relative risk increase or reduction of 10% for mortality and the highest proportion of SAEs, and 20% for both the cumulated number of SAEs and quality of life. Given the very low-certainty of evidence, it is necessary to interpret these findings with caution. Meta-analysis of all trials indicated no statistically significant evidence of a difference between higher or lower oxygenation strategies on the occurrence of lung injuries at maximum follow-up (the highest reported proportion of lung injury RR 1.08, 95% CI 0.85 to 1.38; I2 = 0%; 2048 participants; 8 trials; very low-certainty evidence). Meta-analysis of all trials indicated harm from higher oxygenation strategies as compared with lower on the occurrence of sepsis at maximum follow-up (RR 1.85, 95% CI 1.17 to 2.93; I2 = 0%; 752 participants; 3 trials; very low-certainty evidence). Meta-analysis indicated no differences regarding the occurrences of myocardial infarction or stroke. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS In adult ICU patients, it is still not possible to draw clear conclusions about the effects of higher versus lower oxygenation strategies on all-cause mortality, SAEs, quality of life, lung injuries, myocardial infarction, stroke, and sepsis at maximum follow-up. This is due to low or very low-certainty evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas L Klitgaard
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Centre for Research in Intensive Care, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Olav L Schjørring
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Centre for Research in Intensive Care, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Frederik M Nielsen
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Centre for Research in Intensive Care, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian S Meyhoff
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Perner
- Centre for Research in Intensive Care, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Intensive Care, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jørn Wetterslev
- Centre for Research in Intensive Care, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Private Office, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Bodil S Rasmussen
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Centre for Research in Intensive Care, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marija Barbateskovic
- Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Scudellari A, Dudek P, Marino L, Badenes R, Bilotta F. Ventilation Targets for Patients Undergoing Mechanical Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4925. [PMID: 37568327 PMCID: PMC10420130 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12154925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) has become a standard treatment for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) caused by large vessel occlusion (LVO). Recent evidence suggests that general anesthesia (GA) and mechanical ventilation do not lead to inferior neurologic outcomes if compared to non-GA. However, the guidelines lack specific recommendations for ventilation targets during MT under GA. This systematic review aims to identify ventilation strategies correlating with better neurological outcomes in AIS patients undergoing MT, particularly focusing on oxygenation and carbon dioxide (CO2) targets. A systematic search of multiple databases was conducted to identify human studies reporting the correlation between ventilation strategies and neurological outcomes in MT for AIS. Eligible studies included clinical trials, observational studies, and case-control studies. Out of 157 studies assessed, 11 met the inclusion criteria. Five studies investigated oxygenation targets, while six studies explored CO2 targets. The published studies highlighted the controversial role of supplemental normobaric oxygen therapy and its potential association with worse outcomes. Regarding CO2 targets, the studies identified a potential association between end tidal CO2 levels and functional outcomes, with hypocapnia being unfavorable. This systematic review demonstrates that the current available evidence still lacks strength to suggest specific ventilation targets, but it highlights the potential risks of hyperoxia and hypocapnia in this specific cohort of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paula Dudek
- 2nd Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Luca Marino
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Rafael Badenes
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical-Trauma Intensive Care, Hospital Clínic Universitari de Valencia, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Federico Bilotta
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Policlinico Umberto I, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
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10
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Cheng Z, Ding Y, Rajah GB, Gao J, Li F, Ma L, Geng X. Vertebrobasilar artery cooling infusion in acute ischemic stroke for posterior circulation following thrombectomy: Rationale, design and protocol for a prospective randomized controlled trial. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1149767. [PMID: 37113154 PMCID: PMC10126519 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1149767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although endovascular mechanical thrombectomy demonstrates clinical efficacy in posterior circulation acute ischemic stroke (AIS), only one third of these patients attain functional independence with a third of patients' expiring despite vascular recanalization. Neuroprotection strategies, such as therapeutic hypothermia (TH) have been considered a promising adjunctive treatment in AIS. We propose the following rationale, design and protocol for a prospective randomized controlled trial (RCT) aimed to determine whether Vertebrobasilar Artery Cooling Infusion (VACI) improves functional outcomes in posterior circulation AIS patients post mechanical thrombectomy. Methods Subjects in the study will be assigned randomly to either the cooling infusion or the control group in a 1:1 ratio (n = 40). Patients allocated to the cooling infusion group will receive 300 ml cool saline at 4C through the catheter (30 ml/min) into vertebral artery after thrombectomy. The control group will receive the same volume of 37C saline. All patients enrolled will receive standard care according to current guidelines for stroke management. The primary outcome is symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), whereas the secondary outcomes include functional outcome score, infarction volume, mortality, ICH, fatal ICH, cerebral vasospasm, coagulation abnormality, pneumonia and urinary infection. Discussions This study will determine the preliminary safety, feasibility, and neuroprotective benefits of VACI in posterior circulation AIS patients with reperfusion therapy. The results of this study may provide evidence for VACI as a new therapy in posterior circulation AIS. Clinical Trial Registration www.chictr.org.cn, ChiCTR2200065806, registered on November 15, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Cheng
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Intervention and Translational Center (SITC), Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuchuan Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
- *Correspondence: Yuchuan Ding,
| | - Gary B. Rajah
- Department of Neurosurgery, Munson Healthcare, Traverse City, MI, United States
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Intervention and Translational Center (SITC), Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fenghai Li
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Intervention and Translational Center (SITC), Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Linlin Ma
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Intervention and Translational Center (SITC), Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaokun Geng
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Intervention and Translational Center (SITC), Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
- Luhe Institute of Neuroscience, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Xiaokun Geng,
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11
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Gao J, Cheng Z, Jiang S, Wills M, Wehbe A, Rajah GB, Geng X, Ding Y. Arterial Glyceryl Trinitrate in Acute Ischemic Stroke after Thrombectomy for Neuroprotection (AGAIN): Rationale, design and protocol for a prospective randomized controlled trial. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:804. [PMID: 36253714 PMCID: PMC9575243 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03506-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although endovascular recanalization therapy demonstrates robust clinical efficacy in acute ischemic stroke (AIS), not all victims of these cerebrovascular accidents can benefit from it and achieve a favorable prognosis after successful reperfusion. Therefore, alternative neuroprotective strategies are urgently needed for AIS patients after vessel recanalization. Nitric oxide (NO) levels are low after AIS and NO donor drugs may be neuroprotective against cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury. Glyceryl trinitrate (GTN), often used in the clinic as a NO donor, may provide a novel neuroprotective strategy. This rationale, design, and protocol for a prospective pilot study plans to explore the preliminary safety, feasibility, and neuroprotective benefits of Arterial Glyceryl Trinitrate in Acute Ischemic Stroke after Thrombectomy for Neuroprotection (AGAIN). Methods AGAIN, a prospective RCT, is proposed for AIS patients after mechanical thrombectomy. Subjects will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 fashion (n = 40) to either the control group or the intervention group. Participants assigned to the intervention group will be administered 800 μg GTN in the catheter immediately after recanalization, whereas those in the control group will be administered the same volume of normal saline. All participants from either group will be given concurrent treatment with standard of care therapies in accordance with the current guidelines for stroke management. The primary outcome is safety [symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), hypotension, neurological deterioration, ICH, fatal ICH, as well as headache, tachycardia, emesis, and seizures], whereas secondary outcomes included changes in poststroke functional outcomes, infarction volumes, and blood nitrate index detection. Discussions This study is a prospective randomized controlled trial to test the safety and efficacy of intra-arterial GTN in AIS patients after endovascular therapy. The results from this study will give insight for future GTN studies and new neuroprotective strategies for future AIS treatment strategies. Trial registration number ChiCTR2100045254. Registered on March 21, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Gao
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 82 Xinhua South Road, Tongzhou District, Beijing, 101149, China
| | - Zhe Cheng
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 82 Xinhua South Road, Tongzhou District, Beijing, 101149, China
| | - Shangqian Jiang
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 82 Xinhua South Road, Tongzhou District, Beijing, 101149, China.,Luhe Institute of Neuroscience, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101100, China
| | - Melissa Wills
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 550 E Canfield, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Alexandra Wehbe
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 550 E Canfield, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.,Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Gary B Rajah
- Department of Neurosurgery, Munson Healthcare, Traverse City, MI, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Department of Neurosurgery, University at Buffalo, Gates Vascular Institute at Kaleida Health, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Xiaokun Geng
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 82 Xinhua South Road, Tongzhou District, Beijing, 101149, China. .,Luhe Institute of Neuroscience, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101100, China.
| | - Yuchuan Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 550 E Canfield, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
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12
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Cheng Z, Gao J, Rajah GB, Geng X, Ding Y. Adjuvant high-flow normobaric oxygen after mechanical thrombectomy for posterior circulation stroke: A randomized clinical trial. J Neurol Sci 2022; 441:120350. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Xue W, Li Y, Xia H, Yu T, Sun S, Zhang M. Influence of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and mean platelet volume on severity and short-term prognosis of acute ischemic stroke. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14:4066-4073. [PMID: 35836843 PMCID: PMC9274605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the influence of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and mean platelet volume (MPV) on the severity and short-term prognosis of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). METHODS A retrospective analysis was made on 188 AIS patients treated in our hospital from June 2019 to June 2021. They were divided into mild stroke group and severe stroke group based on NIHSS score. In view of the modified Rankin score (mRS) on 14th day after stroke, patients were divided into good prognosis group and bad prognosis group. The clinical data, NLR and MPV data of each group were compared, and the independent risk factors of short-term poor prognosis of AIS patients were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression. RESULTS NLR and MPV in patients with mild stroke were lower than those with severe stroke (P<0.05). In addition, NLR and MPV of patients with good prognosis were lower than those with poor prognosis (P<0.05). Regression analysis revealed that high NLR and MPV were independent predictors of short-term poor prognosis of AIS patients. The AUC of NLR in predicting the poor prognosis of patients after 14 days of stroke was 0.904, and the specificity and sensitivity were 70.55% and 97.62%. A. AUC of MPV was 0.904, and the specificity and sensitivity were 92.47% and 85.71%. B. Pearson correlation analysis revealed that NLR was positively correlated with MPV (r=0.452, P<0.001). CONCLUSION The elevation of NLR and MPV may be independent risk factors of AIS, but it is related to the severity of stroke and short-term prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weimin Xue
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology, First People's Hospital of Huainan No. 203, Huaibin Road, Tianjia'an District, Huainan 232007, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yaqiang Li
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology, First People's Hospital of Huainan No. 203, Huaibin Road, Tianjia'an District, Huainan 232007, Anhui Province, China
| | - Henglei Xia
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology, First People's Hospital of Huainan No. 203, Huaibin Road, Tianjia'an District, Huainan 232007, Anhui Province, China
| | - Tingting Yu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology, First People's Hospital of Huainan No. 203, Huaibin Road, Tianjia'an District, Huainan 232007, Anhui Province, China
| | - Shiyu Sun
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology, First People's Hospital of Huainan No. 203, Huaibin Road, Tianjia'an District, Huainan 232007, Anhui Province, China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology, First People's Hospital of Huainan No. 203, Huaibin Road, Tianjia'an District, Huainan 232007, Anhui Province, China
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14
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Vos EM, Geraedts VJ, van der Lugt A, Dippel DWJ, Wermer MJH, Hofmeijer J, van Es ACGM, Roos YBWEM, Peeters-Scholte CMPCD, van den Wijngaard IR. Systematic Review - Combining Neuroprotection With Reperfusion in Acute Ischemic Stroke. Front Neurol 2022; 13:840892. [PMID: 35370911 PMCID: PMC8969766 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.840892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Clinical trials of neuroprotection in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) have provided disappointing results. Reperfusion may be a necessary condition for positive effects of neuroprotective treatments. This systematic review provides an overview of efficacy of neuroprotective agents in combination with reperfusion therapy in AIS. Methods A literature search was performed on the following databases, namely PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Emcare. All databases were searched up to September 23rd 2021. All randomized controlled trials in which patients were treated with neuroprotective strategies within 12 h of stroke onset in combination with intravenous thrombolysis (IVT), endovascular therapy (EVT), or both were included. Results We screened 1,764 titles/abstracts and included 30 full reports of unique studies with a total of 16,160 patients. In 15 studies neuroprotectants were tested for clinical efficacy, where all patients had to receive reperfusion therapies, either IVT and/or EVT. Heterogeneity in reported outcome measures was observed. Treatment was associated with improved clinical outcome for: 1) uric acid in patients treated with EVT and IVT, 2) nerinetide in patients who underwent EVT without IVT, 3) imatinib in stroke patients treated with IVT with or without EVT, 4) remote ischemic perconditioning and IVT, and 5) high-flow normobaric oxygen treatment after EVT, with or without IVT. Conclusion Studies specifically testing effects of neuroprotective agents in addition to IVT and/or EVT are scarce. Future neuroprotection studies should report standardized functional outcome measures and combine neuroprotective agents with reperfusion therapies in AIS or aim to include prespecified subgroup analyses for treatment with IVT and/or EVT.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. M. Vos
- Department of Neurology, The Hague Medical Center, The Hague, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: E. M. Vos
| | - V. J. Geraedts
- Department of Neurology, The Hague Medical Center, The Hague, Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - A. van der Lugt
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - D. W. J. Dippel
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - M. J. H. Wermer
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - J. Hofmeijer
- Department of Neurology, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands
| | - A. C. G. M. van Es
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Department of Radiology, The Hague Medical Center, The Hague, Netherlands
| | - Y. B. W. E. M. Roos
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - I. R. van den Wijngaard
- Department of Neurology, The Hague Medical Center, The Hague, Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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Normobaric Oxygen (NBO) Therapy Reduces Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury through Inhibition of Early Autophagy. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:7041290. [PMID: 34306153 PMCID: PMC8263229 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7041290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Normobaric oxygen (NBO) therapy has great clinical potential in the treatment of ischemic stroke, but its underlying mechanism is unknown. Our study aimed to investigate the role of autophagy during the application of NBO on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Methods Male Sprague Dawley rats received 2 hours of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), followed by 2, 6, or 24 hours of reperfusion. At the beginning of reperfusion, rats were randomly given NBO (95% O2) or room air (21% O2) for 2 hours. In some animals, 3-methyladenine (3-MA, autophagy inhibitor) was administered 10 minutes before reperfusion. The severity of the ischemic injury was determined by infarct volume, neurological deficit, and apoptotic cell death. Western blotting was used to determine the protein expression of autophagy and apoptosis, while mRNA expression of apoptotic molecules was detected by real-time PCR. Results NBO treatment after ischemia/reperfusion significantly decreased infarct volume and neurobehavioral defects. The increased expression of the autophagy markers, including microtubule-associated protein 1A light chain 3 (LC3) and Beclin 1, after ischemia/reperfusion was reversed by NBO, while promoting Sequestosome 1 (p62/SQSTM1) expression. In addition, NBO reduced cerebral apoptosis in association with alleviated BAX expression and increased BCL-2 expression. 3-MA reduced autophagy and apoptotic death but did not further improve NBO-attenuated ischemic damage. Conclusion NBO induced remarkable neuroprotection from ischemic injury, which was correlated with blocked autophagy activity.
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