1
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Nguan HS, Chen JL, Ni CK. Collision-Induced Dissociation of Fucose and Identification of Anomericity. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:3812-3820. [PMID: 38690855 PMCID: PMC11103703 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c00640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Structural determination of carbohydrates using mass spectrometry remains challenging, particularly, the differentiation of anomeric configurations. In this work, we studied the collision-induced dissociation (CID) mechanisms of sodiated α- and β-l-fucose using an experimental method and quantum chemistry calculations. The calculations show that α-l-fucose is more likely to undergo dehydration due to the fact that O1 and O2 are on the same side of the sugar ring. In contrast, β-l-fucose is more prone to the ring-opening reaction because more OH groups are on the same side of the sugar ring as O1. These differences suggest a higher preference for the dehydration reaction in sodiated α-l-fucose but a lower preference for ring-opening compared to that of β-l-fucose. The calculation results, which are used to assign the CID mass spectra of α- and β-l-fucose separated by high-performance liquid chromatography, are supported by the fucose produced from the CID of disaccharides Fuc-β-(1 → 3)-GlcNAc and Fuc-α-(1 → 4)-GlcNAc. This study demonstrates that the correlation of cis- and trans-configurations of O1 and O2 to the relative branching ratios of dehydration and cross-ring dissociation in CID, observed in aldohexose and ketohexose in the pyranose form, can be extended to deoxyhexoses for anomericity determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hock-Seng Nguan
- Institute
of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia
Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Jien-Lian Chen
- Institute
of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia
Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Kung Ni
- Institute
of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia
Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department
of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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2
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Akor CJ, Cassady CJ. In-Source Decay MALDI and High-Energy Collision-Induced Dissociation Mass Spectrometry of Alkali Metal-Adducted Underivatized Oligosaccharides. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2023; 34:2594-2606. [PMID: 37812625 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.3c00330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
In-source decay (ISD) and high-energy collision-induced dissociation (HE-CID) were explored to provide structural information on alkali metal-adducted linear and stacked oligosaccharides (oligosaccharides with increased flexibility due to linkage type). These oligosaccharides include isomeric tetrasaccharides, maltoheptaose, and several human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs). Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) ion production efficiency, as well as the product ion intensities, and the number of product ions formed in ISD and HE-CID of these oligosaccharides were influenced by the matrix, the ionic radius of the metal ion used for adduction, and the affinity of metal ions for specific functional groups in the oligosaccharides. 2,4,6-Trihydroxyacetophenone (THAP) was the best matrix for HE-CID of oligosaccharides, 4-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde (DMABA) worked best for ISD of tetrasaccharides and pentasaccharides, while 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) was the best matrix for ISD and HE-CID of long chain oligosaccharides. In general, the number of product ions formed followed the trend Li+ > Na+ > K+ > Rb+ > Cs+, except for HMOs where Na+ ≥ Li+ > K+ > Rb+ > Cs+ occurred. The type of product ions formed and their intensities varied based on the position of the glycosidic bond linkage and the content of the monosaccharide. ISD and HE-CID produced diagnostic ions that could structurally differentiate isomers. Overall, HE-CID of alkali-metal adducted oligosaccharides produces intense glycosidic bond cleavages and low intensity cross-ring and internal cleavages. In contrast, ISD generates mainly cross-ring cleavages and internal cleavages at intensities higher than in HE-CID. In addition, ISD produced unique product ions that complement results from HE-CID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chioma J Akor
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Carolyn J Cassady
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
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3
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Nguan HS, Tsai ST, Liew CY, Reddy NS, Hung SC, Ni CK. The collision-induced dissociation mechanism of sodiated Hex-HexNAc disaccharides. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:22179-22194. [PMID: 37565323 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02530f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Determining carbohydrate structures, such as their compositions, linkage positions, and in particular the anomers and stereoisomers, is a great challenge. Isomers of different anomers or stereoisomers have the same sequences of chemical bonds, but have different orientations of some chemical bonds which are difficult to be distinguished by mass spectrometry. Collision-induced dissociation (CID) tandem mass spectroscopy (MS/MS) is a widely used technique for characterizing carbohydrate structures. Understanding the carbohydrate dissociation mechanism is important for obtaining the structural information from MS/MS. In this work, we studied the CID mechanism of galactose-N-acetylgalactosamine (Gal-GalNAc) and glucose-N-acetylglucosamine (Glc-GlcNAc) disaccharides with 1→3 and 1→4 linkages. For Gal-GalNAc disaccharides, the CID mass spectra of sodium ion adducts show significant difference between the α- and β-anomers of GalNAc at the reducing end, while no difference in the CID mass spectra between two anomers of Glc-GlcNAc disaccharides was found. Quantum chemistry calculations show that for Gal-GalNAc disaccharides, the difference of the dissociation barriers between dehydration and glycosidic bond cleavage is significantly small in the β-anomer compared to that in the α-anomer; while these differences are similar between the α- and β-anomers of Glc-GlcNAc disaccharides. These differences can be attributed to the different orientations of hydroxyl and N-acetyl groups located at GalNAc and GlcNAc. The calculation results are consistent with the CID spectra of isotope labelled disaccharides. Our study provides an insight into the CID of 1→3 and 1→4 linked Gal-GalNAc and Glc-GlcNAc disaccharides. This information is useful for determining the anomeric configurations of GalNAc in oligosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hock-Seng Nguan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P. O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Shang-Ting Tsai
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P. O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Chia Yen Liew
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P. O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
- International Graduate Program of Molecular Science and Technology, National Taiwan University (NTU-MST), Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Molecular Science and Technology (MST), Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP), Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Chi-Kung Ni
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P. O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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4
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Hatvany JB, Gallagher ES. Hydrogen/deuterium exchange for the analysis of carbohydrates. Carbohydr Res 2023; 530:108859. [PMID: 37290371 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2023.108859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrates and glycans are integral to many biological processes, including cell-cell recognition and energy storage. However, carbohydrates are often difficult to analyze due to the high degree of isomerism present. One method being developed to distinguish these isomeric species is hydrogen/deuterium exchange-mass spectrometry (HDX-MS). In HDX-MS, carbohydrates are exposed to a deuterated reagent and the functional groups with labile hydrogen atoms, including hydroxyls and amides, exchange with the 1 amu heavier isotope, deuterium. These labels can then be detected by MS, which monitors the mass increase with the addition of D-labels. The observed rate of exchange is dependent on the exchanging functional group, the accessibility of the exchanging functional group, and the presence of hydrogen bonds. Herein, we discuss how HDX has been applied in the solution-phase, gas-phase, and during MS ionization to label carbohydrates and glycans. Additionally, we compare differences in the conformations that are labeled, the labeling timeframes, and applications of each of these methods. Finally, we comment on future opportunities for development and use of HDX-MS to analyze glycans and glycoconjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob B Hatvany
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97348, Waco, TX, 76798, USA
| | - Elyssia S Gallagher
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97348, Waco, TX, 76798, USA.
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5
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Ollivier S, Legentil L, Yeni O, David LP, Ferrières V, Compagnon I, Rogniaux H, Ropartz D. Gas-Phase Behavior of Galactofuranosides upon Collisional Fragmentation: A Multistage High-Resolution Ion Mobility Study. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2023; 34:627-639. [PMID: 36971653 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.2c00333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrates are ubiquitous in nature but are among the least conserved biomolecules in life. These biopolymers pose a particular challenge to analytical chemists because of their high diversity and structural heterogeneity. In addition, they contain many isomerisms that complicate their structural characterization, notably by mass spectrometry. The tautomerism of the constitutive subunits is of particular interest. A given cyclized monosaccharide unit can take two forms: a most common 6-membered ring (pyranose, p) and a more flexible 5-membered ring (furanose, f). The tautomers impact the biological properties of polysaccharides, resulting in interesting properties of the derived oligosaccharides. From an analytical point of view, the impact of tautomerism on the gas-phase behavior of ions has scarcely been described in the literature. In this work, we study the behavior of Galf-containing oligosaccharides, ionized as [M+Li]+ species, under collisional dissociation (CID) conditions using high-resolution and multistage ion mobility (IMS) on a Cyclic IMS platform. In the first part of this work, we studied whether disaccharidic fragments released from Galf-containing (Gal)1(Man)2 trisaccharides (and their Galp counterpart) would match the corresponding disaccharide standards, and─despite the fragments generally being a good match─we showed the possibility of Galf migrations and other unidentified alterations in the IMS profile. Next, we expanded on these unknown features using multistage IMS and molecular dynamics, unveiling the contributions of additional gas-phase conformers in the profile of fragments from a Galf-containing trisaccharide compared with the corresponding disaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Ollivier
- INRAE, UR BIA, F-44316 Nantes, France
- INRAE, PROBE Research Infrastructure, BIBS Facility, F-44316 Nantes, France
| | - Laurent Legentil
- Univ Rennes, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS ISCR-UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Oznur Yeni
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Louis-Philippe David
- Univ Rennes, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS ISCR-UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Vincent Ferrières
- Univ Rennes, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS ISCR-UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Isabelle Compagnon
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Hélène Rogniaux
- INRAE, UR BIA, F-44316 Nantes, France
- INRAE, PROBE Research Infrastructure, BIBS Facility, F-44316 Nantes, France
| | - David Ropartz
- INRAE, UR BIA, F-44316 Nantes, France
- INRAE, PROBE Research Infrastructure, BIBS Facility, F-44316 Nantes, France
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6
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Tsou PK, Huynh HT, Phan HT, Kuo JL. A self-adapting first-principles exploration on the dissociation mechanism in sodiated aldohexose pyranoses assisted with neural network potentials. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:3332-3342. [PMID: 36633012 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp04421h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanism of collision-induced dissociation (CID) in mono-saccharides with density functional theory (DFT) is challenging because of many possible reaction paths that originate from their high structural diversity. To search for the transition state (TS) from the huge number of conformers, we propose a three-step search scheme with the assistance of neural network potential (NNP). The search starts from a cross-checking of sugars, to a global search of all possible channels, and in the end, an exhaustive exploration around the low-lying channels. The cross-checking step quickly adapts the NNP from the studied molecules to the target ones. The other two steps utilize the adapted NNP to find the available pathways via random sampling of the structures. The study of the CID reactions in all eight types of aldohexose pyranoses was applied using the search scheme. The DFT calculations on AH-0 (Glc, Gal, and Man) in the previous study were utilized to construct an NNP and provide the TS structure database for searching AH-1 (All, Alt, Gul, Ido, and Tal). In total, we identified around 5200 TSs in AH-0 and AH-1, and the final NNP covers an energy range of more than 500 kJ mol-1 with a mean absolute error of energy less than 4 kJ mol-1. The search scheme is useful not only for saccharides but also for highly flexible bio-molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Kang Tsou
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Hai Thi Huynh
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan. .,Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Huu Trong Phan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan. .,Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Lai Kuo
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan. .,Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.,International Graduate Program of Molecular Science and Technology (NTU-MST), National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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7
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Harvey DJ. Analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: An update for 2017-2018. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2023; 42:227-431. [PMID: 34719822 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This review is the tenth update of the original article published in 1999 on the application of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI) mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2018. Also included are papers that describe methods appropriate to glycan and glycoprotein analysis by MALDI, such as sample preparation techniques, even though the ionization method is not MALDI. Topics covered in the first part of the review include general aspects such as theory of the MALDI process, new methods, matrices, derivatization, MALDI imaging, fragmentation and the use of arrays. The second part of the review is devoted to applications to various structural types such as oligo- and poly-saccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycosides, and biopharmaceuticals. Most of the applications are presented in tabular form. The third part of the review covers medical and industrial applications of the technique, studies of enzyme reactions, and applications to chemical synthesis. The reported work shows increasing use of combined new techniques such as ion mobility and highlights the impact that MALDI imaging is having across a range of diciplines. MALDI is still an ideal technique for carbohydrate analysis and advancements in the technique and the range of applications continue steady progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Harvey
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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8
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Nguan HS, Ni CK. Collision-Induced Dissociation of α-Isomaltose and α-Maltose. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:8799-8808. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c04278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hock-Seng Nguan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Kung Ni
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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9
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Rabus JM, Guan S, Schultz LM, Abutokaikah MT, Maître P, Bythell BJ. Protonated α- N-Acetyl Galactose Glycopeptide Dissociation Chemistry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2022; 33:1745-1752. [PMID: 36018613 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.2c00155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We recently provided mass spectrometric, H/D labeling, and computational evidence of pyranose to furanose N-acetylated ion isomerization reactions that occurred prior to glycosidic bond cleavage in both O- and N-linked glycosylated amino acid model systems (Guan et al. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2021, 23, 23256-23266). These reactions occurred irrespective of the glycosidic linkage stereochemistry (α or β) and the N-acetylated hexose structure (GlcNAc or GalNAc). In the present article, we test the generality of the preceding findings by examining threonyl α-GalNAc-glycosylated peptides. We utilize computational chemistry to compare the various dissociation and isomerization pathways accessible with collisional activation. We then interrogate the structure(s) of the resulting charged glycan and peptide fragments with infrared "action" spectroscopy. Isomerization of the original pyranose, the protonated glycopeptide [AT(GalNAc)A+H]+, is predicted to be facile compared to direct dissociation, as is the glycosidic bond cleavage of the newly formed furanose form, i.e., furanose oxazolinium ion structures are predicted to predominate. IR action spectra for the m/z 204, C8H14N1O5+, glycan fragment population support this prediction. The IR action spectra of the complementary m/z 262 peptide fragment were assigned as a mixture of the lowest-energy structures of [ATA+H]+ consistent with the literature. If general, the change to a furanose m/z 204 product ion structure fundamentally alters the ion population available for MS3 dissociation and glycopeptide sequence identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan M Rabus
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio University, 307 Chemistry Building, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, 1 University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, United States
| | - Shanshan Guan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio University, 307 Chemistry Building, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, 1 University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, United States
| | - Lauren M Schultz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio University, 307 Chemistry Building, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
| | - Maha T Abutokaikah
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, 1 University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, United States
| | - Philippe Maître
- Institut de Chimie Physique, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Orsay 91405, France
| | - Benjamin J Bythell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio University, 307 Chemistry Building, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, 1 University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, United States
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10
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Huynh HT, Tsai ST, Hsu PJ, Biswas A, Phan HT, Kuo JL, Ni CK, Chiu CC. Collision-induced dissociation of Na +-tagged ketohexoses: experimental and computational studies on fructose. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:20856-20866. [PMID: 36043336 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02313j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Collision-induced dissociation tandem mass spectrometry (CID-MSn) and computational investigation at the MP2/6-311+G(d,p) level of theory have been employed to study Na+-tagged fructose, an example of a ketohexose featuring four cyclic isomers: α-fructofuranose (αFruf), β-fructofuranose (βFruf), α-fructopyranose (αFrup), and β-fructopyranose (βFrup). The four isomers can be separated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and they show different mass spectra, indicating that CID-MSn can distinguish the different fructose forms. Based on a simulation using a micro-kinetic model, we have obtained an overview of the mechanisms for the different dissociation pathways. It has been demonstrated that the preference for the C-C cleavage over the competing isomerization of linear fructose is the main reason for the previously reported differences between the CID-MS spectra of aldohexoses and ketohexoses. In addition, the kinetic modeling helped to confirm the assignment of the different measured mass spectra to the different fructose isomers. The previously reported assignment based on the peak intensities in the HPLC chromatogram had left some open questions as the preference for the dehydration channels did not always follow trends previously observed for aldohexoses. Setting up the kinetic model further enabled us to directly compare the computational and experimental results, which indicated that the model can reproduce most trends in the differences between the dissociation pathways of the four cyclic fructose isomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Thi Huynh
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan. .,Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Ting Tsai
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan. .,Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, 60004, Taiwan
| | - Po-Jen Hsu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Anik Biswas
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan. .,Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Huu Trong Phan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan. .,Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Lai Kuo
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan. .,Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan.,International Graduate Program of Molecular Science and Technology (NTU-MST), National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Kung Ni
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan. .,Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chau Chiu
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan. .,Center for Theoretical and Computational Physics, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
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11
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Gass DT, Quintero AV, Hatvany JB, Gallagher ES. Metal adduction in mass spectrometric analyses of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2022:e21801. [PMID: 36005212 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Glycans, carbohydrates, and glycoconjugates are involved in many crucial biological processes, such as disease development, immune responses, and cell-cell recognition. Glycans and carbohydrates are known for the large number of isomeric features associated with their structures, making analysis challenging compared with other biomolecules. Mass spectrometry has become the primary method of structural characterization for carbohydrates, glycans, and glycoconjugates. Metal adduction is especially important for the mass spectrometric analysis of carbohydrates and glycans. Metal-ion adduction to carbohydrates and glycoconjugates affects ion formation and the three-dimensional, gas-phase structures. Herein, we discuss how metal-ion adduction impacts ionization, ion mobility, ion activation and dissociation, and hydrogen/deuterium exchange for carbohydrates and glycoconjugates. We also compare the use of different metals for these various techniques and highlight the value in using metals as charge carriers for these analyses. Finally, we provide recommendations for selecting a metal for analysis of carbohydrate adducts and describe areas for continued research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren T Gass
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - Ana V Quintero
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - Jacob B Hatvany
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - Elyssia S Gallagher
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
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12
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Iwan V, Grotemeyer J. Elucidating the Fragmentation Mechanism of Protonated Lewis A Trisaccharide using MS n CID. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (CHICHESTER, ENGLAND) 2021; 27:256-265. [PMID: 34951325 DOI: 10.1177/14690667211069033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Lewis blood group antigens are a prominent example of isomeric oligosaccharides with biological activity. Understanding the fragmentation mechanism in the gas phase is essential for their identification and assignment by mass spectrometric methods such as ESI-MS. In this work, the [M + H]+ species of Lewis A trisaccharide and Lewis A trisaccharide methyl glycoside were studied by ESI-MS with FT-ICR as mass analyzer with respect to their fragmentation mechanism. The comparison between the underivatized and the methylated species has shown that the reducing end plays a key role in this mechanism. The results of this study question the existence of Z-type fragment ions after activation of the protonated species. The main product of the fragmentation are Y-type fragment ions and a combination of Y-type fragmentation and the loss of water at the reducing end instead of Z-type fragmentation. C-type fragment ions could not be detected. MS3 measurements also reveal that each fragment ion only occurs with the participation of a mobile proton and the possibility of glycosidic bond cleavage after fragmentation has already occurred at the reducing end as B2 fragment ion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volker Iwan
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, 9179Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jürgen Grotemeyer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, 9179Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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13
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Wang J, Zhao J, Nie S, Xie M, Li S. Mass spectrometry for structural elucidation and sequencing of carbohydrates. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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14
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Guan S, Bythell BJ. Evidence of gas-phase pyranose-to-furanose isomerization in protonated peptidoglycans. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:23256-23266. [PMID: 34632474 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp03842g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Peptidoglycans are diverse co- and post-translational modifications of key importance in myriad biological processes. Mass spectrometry is employed to infer their biomolecular sequences and stereochemisties, but little is known about the critical gas-phase dissociation processes involved. Here, using tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS and MSn), isotopic labelling and high-level simulations, we identify and characterize a facile isomerization reaction that produces furanose N-acetylated ions. This reaction occurs for both O- and N-linked peptidoglycans irrespective of glycosidic linkage stereochemistry (α/β). Dissociation of the glycosidic and other bonds thus occur from the furanose isomer critically altering the reaction feasibility and product ion structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Guan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio University, 307 The Chemistry Building, Athens, OH 45701, USA.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri, 1 University Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA.
| | - Benjamin J Bythell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio University, 307 The Chemistry Building, Athens, OH 45701, USA.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri, 1 University Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA.
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15
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Sasiene ZJ, Ropartz D, Rogniaux H, Jackson GP. Charge transfer dissociation of a branched glycan with alkali and alkaline earth metal adducts. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2021; 56:e4774. [PMID: 34180110 PMCID: PMC8285033 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Alkali and alkaline earth metal adducts of a branched glycan, XXXG, were analyzed with helium charge transfer dissociation (He-CTD) and low-energy collision-induced dissociation (LE-CID) to investigate if metalation would impact the type of fragments generated and the structural characterization of the analyte. The studied adducts included 1+ and 2+ precursors involving one or more of the cations: H+ , Na+ , K+ , Ca2+ , and Mg2+ . Regardless of the metal adduct, He-CTD generated abundant and numerous glycosidic and cross-ring cleavages that were structurally informative and able to identify the 1,4-linkage and 1,6-branching patterns. In contrast, the LE-CID spectra mainly contained glycosidic cleavages, consecutive fragments, and numerous neutral losses, which complicated spectral interpretation. LE-CID of [M + K + H]2+ and [M + Na]+ precursors generated a few cross-ring cleavages, but they were not sufficient to identify the 1,4-linkage and 1,6-branching pattern of the XXXG xyloglucan. He-CTD predominantly generated 1+ fragments from 1+ precursors and 2+ product ions from 2+ precursors, although both LE-CID and He-CTD were able to generate 1+ product ions from 2+ adducts of magnesium and calcium. The singly charged fragments derive from the loss of H+ from the metalated product ions and the formation of a protonated complementary product ion; such observations are similar to previous reports for magnesium and calcium salts undergoing electron capture dissociation (ECD) activation. However, during He-CTD, the [M + Mg]2+ precursor generated more singly charged product ions than [M + Ca]2+ , either because Mg has a higher second ionization potential than Ca or because of conformational differences and the locations of the charging adducts during fragmentation. He-CTD of the [M + 2Na]2+ and the [M + 2 K]2+ precursors generated singly charged product ions from the loss of a sodium ion and potassium ion, respectively. In summary, although the metal ions influence the mass and charge state of the observed product ions, the metal ions had a negligible effect on the types of cross-ring cleavages observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary J Sasiene
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, 26506-6121, USA
| | - David Ropartz
- UR BIA, INRAE, Nantes, F-44316, France
- BIBS Facility, INRAE, Nantes, F-44316, France
| | - Hélène Rogniaux
- UR BIA, INRAE, Nantes, F-44316, France
- BIBS Facility, INRAE, Nantes, F-44316, France
| | - Glen P Jackson
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, 26506-6121, USA
- Department of Forensic and Investigative Science, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, 26506-6121, USA
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16
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Rabus JM, Pellegrinelli RP, Khodr AHA, Bythell BJ, Rizzo TR, Carrascosa E. Unravelling the structures of sodiated β-cyclodextrin and its fragments. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:13714-13723. [PMID: 34128027 PMCID: PMC8220536 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp01058a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
We present cryogenic infrared spectra of sodiated β-cyclodextrin [β-CD + Na]+, a common cyclic oligosaccharide, and its main dissociation products upon collision-induced dissociation (CID). We characterize the parent ions using high-resolution ion mobility spectrometry and cryogenic infrared action spectroscopy, while the fragments are characterized by their mass and cryogenic infrared spectra. We observe sodium-cationized fragments that differ in mass by 162 u, corresponding to Bn/Zm ions. For the m/z 347 product ion, electronic structure calculations are consistent with formation of the lowest energy 2-ketone B2 ion structure. For the m/z 509 product ion, both the calculated 2-ketone B3 and the Z3 structures show similarities with the experimental spectrum. The theoretical structure most consistent with the spectrum of the m/z 671 ions is a slightly higher energy 2-ketone B4 structure. Overall, the data suggest a consistent formation mechanism for all the observed fragments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan M Rabus
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio University, 391 Clippinger Laboratories, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - Robert P Pellegrinelli
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Moléculaire, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC LCPM, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Ali Hassan Abi Khodr
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Moléculaire, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC LCPM, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Benjamin J Bythell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio University, 391 Clippinger Laboratories, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - Thomas R Rizzo
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Moléculaire, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC LCPM, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Eduardo Carrascosa
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Moléculaire, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC LCPM, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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17
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Chao HC, McLuckey SA. In-Depth Structural Characterization and Quantification of Cerebrosides and Glycosphingosines with Gas-Phase Ion Chemistry. Anal Chem 2021; 93:7332-7340. [PMID: 33957046 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c01021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Cerebrosides (n-HexCer) and glycosphingosines (n-HexSph) constitute two sphingolipid subclasses. Both are comprised of a monosaccharide headgroup (glucose or galactose in mammalian cells) linked via either an α- or β-glycosidic linkage to the sphingoid backbone (n = α or β, depending upon the nature of the linkage to the anomeric carbon of the sugar). Cerebrosides have an additional amide-bonded fatty acyl chain linked to the sphingoid backbone. While differentiating the multiple isomers (i.e. glucose vs galactose, α- vs β-linkage) is difficult, it is crucial for understanding their specific biological roles in health and disease states. Shotgun tandem mass spectrometry has been a powerful tool in both lipidomics and glycomics analysis but is often limited in its ability to distinguish isomeric species. This work describes a new strategy combining shotgun tandem mass spectrometry with gas-phase ion chemistry to achieve both differentiation and quantification of isomeric cerebrosides and glycosphingosines. Briefly, deprotonated cerebrosides, [n-HexCer-H]-, or glycosphingosines, [n-HexSph-H]-, are reacted with terpyridine (Terpy) magnesium complex dications, [Mg(Terpy)2]2+, in the gas phase to produce a charge-inverted complex cation, [n-HexCer-H+MgTerpy]+ or [n-HexSph-H+MgTerpy]+. The collision-induced dissociation (CID) of the charge-inverted complex cations leads to significant spectral differences between the two groups of isomers, α-GalCer, β-GlcCer, and β-GalCer for cerebrosides and α-GlcSph, α-GalSph, β-GlcSph, and β-GalSph for glycosphingosines, which allows for isomer distinction. Moreover, we describe a quantification strategy with the normalized percent area extracted from selected diagnostic ions that quantify either three isomeric cerebroside or four isomeric glycosphingosine mixtures. The analytical performance was also evaluated in terms of accuracy, repeatability, and interday precision. Furthermore, CID of the product ions resulting from 443 Da loss from the charge-inverted complex cations ([n-HexCer-H+MgTerpy]+) has been performed and demonstrated for localization of the double-bond position on the amide-bonded monounsaturated fatty acyl chain in the cerebroside structure. The proposed strategy was successfully applied to the analysis of total cerebroside extracts from the porcine brain, providing in-depth structural information on cerebrosides from a biological mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsi-Chun Chao
- Department of Chemistry Purdue University 560 Oval Drive West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Scott A McLuckey
- Department of Chemistry Purdue University 560 Oval Drive West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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18
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Bruni PS, Schürch S. Fragmentation mechanisms of protonated cyclodextrins in tandem mass spectrometry. Carbohydr Res 2021; 504:108316. [PMID: 33892257 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2021.108316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Tandem mass spectrometry has found widespread application as a powerful tool for the characterization of linear and branched oligosaccharides. Though the technique has been applied to the analysis of cyclic oligosaccharides as well, the underlying fragmentation mechanisms have hardly been investigated. This study focuses on the mechanistic aspects of the gas-phase dissociation of protonated β-cyclodextrins. Elucidation of the dissociation mechanisms is supported by tandem mass spectrometric experiments and by experiments on di- and trimethylated cyclodextrin derivatives. The fragmentation pathway comprises the linearization of the macrocyclic structure as the initial step of the decomposition, followed by the elimination of glucose subunits and the subsequent release of water and formaldehyde moieties from the glucose monomer and dimer fragment ions. Linearization of the macrocycle occurs due to proton-driven scission of the glycosidic bond adjacent to carbon atom C1 in conjunction with the formation of a new hydroxy group. The resulting ring-opened structure further decomposes in charge-independent processes forming either zwitterionic fragments, a 1,4-anhydroglucose moiety, or a new macrocyclic structure, that is lost as a neutral, and an oxonium ion. Since the hydroxy group formed at the ring-opening site can be regarded as the non-reducing end of the linearized structure, the fragment ion nomenclature commonly used for linear and branched oligosaccharides, which relies on the designation of a reducing and a non-reducing end, can also be applied to the description of fragment ions derived from cyclic structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia S Bruni
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Stefan Schürch
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
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19
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Ollivier S, Tarquis L, Fanuel M, Li A, Durand J, Laville E, Potocki-Veronese G, Ropartz D, Rogniaux H. Anomeric Retention of Carbohydrates in Multistage Cyclic Ion Mobility (IMS n): De Novo Structural Elucidation of Enzymatically Produced Mannosides. Anal Chem 2021; 93:6254-6261. [PMID: 33829764 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c00673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrates are complex structures that still challenge analysts today because of their different levels of isomerism, notably the anomerism of the glycosidic bond. It has been shown recently that anomerism is preserved upon gas-phase fragmentation and that high-resolution ion mobility (IMS) can distinguish anomers. However, these concepts have yet to be applied to complex biological products. We have used high-resolution IMS on a cyclic device to characterize the reaction products of Uhgb_MS, a novel mannoside synthase of the GH130 family. We designed a so-called IMSn sequence consisting of (i) separating and isolating specific IMS peaks, (ii) ejecting ions to a pre-array store cell depending on their arrival time, (iii) inducing collisional activation upon reinjection, and (iv) performing multistage IMS analysis of the fragments. First, we applied IMS2 sequences to purely linked α1,2- and β1,2-mannooligosaccharides, which provided us with reference drift times for fragments of known conformation. Then, we performed IMSn analyses of enzymatically produced mannosides and, by comparison with the references, we succeeded in determining the intrachain anomerism of a α1,2-mannotriose and a mix-linked β/α1,2-mannotetraose-a first for a crude biological medium. Our results show that the anomerism of glycosides is maintained through multiple stages of collisional fragmentation, and that standalone high-resolution IMS and IMSn can be used to characterize the intrachain anomerism in tri- and tetrasaccharides in a biological medium. This is also the first evidence that a single carbohydrate-active enzyme can synthesize both α- and β-glycosidic linkages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Ollivier
- INRAE, UR BIA, F-44316 Nantes, France.,INRAE, BIBS Facility, F-44316 Nantes, France
| | - Laurence Tarquis
- TBI, CNRS, INRA, INSAT, Université de Toulouse, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Mathieu Fanuel
- INRAE, UR BIA, F-44316 Nantes, France.,INRAE, BIBS Facility, F-44316 Nantes, France
| | - Ao Li
- TBI, CNRS, INRA, INSAT, Université de Toulouse, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Julien Durand
- TBI, CNRS, INRA, INSAT, Université de Toulouse, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Elisabeth Laville
- TBI, CNRS, INRA, INSAT, Université de Toulouse, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | | | - David Ropartz
- INRAE, UR BIA, F-44316 Nantes, France.,INRAE, BIBS Facility, F-44316 Nantes, France
| | - Hélène Rogniaux
- INRAE, UR BIA, F-44316 Nantes, France.,INRAE, BIBS Facility, F-44316 Nantes, France
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20
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Mookherjee A, Uppal SS, Murphree TA, Guttman M. Linkage Memory in Underivatized Protonated Carbohydrates. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2021; 32:581-589. [PMID: 33350817 PMCID: PMC8136833 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.0c00440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrates are among the most complex class of biomolecules, and even subtle variations in their structures are attributed to diverse biological functions. Mass spectrometry has been essential for large scale glycomics and glycoproteomics studies, but the gas-phase structures and sometimes anomalous fragmentation properties of carbohydrates present long-standing challenges. Here we investigate the gas-phase properties of a panel of isomeric protonated disaccharides differing in their linkage configurations. Multiple conformations were evident for most of the structures based on their fragment ion abundances by tandem mass spectrometry, their ion mobilities in several gases, and their deuterium uptake kinetics by gas-phase hydrogen-deuterium exchange. Most notably, we find that the properties of the Y-ion fragments are characteristically influenced by the precursor carbohydrate's linkage configuration. This study reveals how protonated carbohydrate fragment ions can retain "linkage memory" that provides structural insight into their intact precursor.
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21
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Li L, Yu J, Xie C, Wang C, Guan P, Hu JJ, Tang K. A TIMS-TOF mass spectrometry study of disaccharides from in situ ESI derivatization with 3-pyridinylboronate. Analyst 2021; 146:75-84. [DOI: 10.1039/d0an01677b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Mobilograms of in situ ESI 3-pyridinylboronic acid tagging of isomaltose in the positive or negative mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry
- Ningbo University
- Ningbo 315211
- P. R. China
| | - Jiancheng Yu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry
- Ningbo University
- Ningbo 315211
- P. R. China
| | - Chengyi Xie
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry
- Ningbo University
- Ningbo 315211
- P. R. China
| | - Chenlu Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry
- Ningbo University
- Ningbo 315211
- P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Guan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry
- Ningbo University
- Ningbo 315211
- P. R. China
| | - Jun Jack Hu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry
- Ningbo University
- Ningbo 315211
- P. R. China
| | - Keqi Tang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry
- Ningbo University
- Ningbo 315211
- P. R. China
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22
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MALDI-MS analysis of disaccharide isomers using graphene oxide as MALDI matrix. Food Chem 2020; 342:128356. [PMID: 33071193 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Disaccharides are sugars composed of two monosaccharides joined by a glycosidic linkage. The specific properties of a disaccharide depend on the type of the glycosidic linkage and the identity of the two component monosaccharides. In this work, seven disaccharide isomers (gentiobiose, isomaltose, melibiose, lactose, maltose, cellobiose, and sucrose) were analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) using a graphene oxide matrix. Each disaccharide was identified by its unique cleavage pattern. To determine the feasibility of quantitative analyses based on specific fragment patterns, mixtures of sucrose with cellobiose or maltose were prepared at different ratios and analyzed by MALDI-MS, where a strong linear correlation was observed between the relative peak intensity of the sucrose fragment peak at m/z 185 and the amount of sucrose in the mixture. The calibration curve was successfully applied to obtain the relative amount of maltose and sucrose in four different honey samples.
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23
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Chao HC, McLuckey SA. Differentiation and Quantification of Diastereomeric Pairs of Glycosphingolipids Using Gas-Phase Ion Chemistry. Anal Chem 2020; 92:13387-13395. [PMID: 32883073 PMCID: PMC7544660 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c02755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Glycosphingolipids (GSLs), including lyso-glycosphingolipids (lyso-GSLs) and cerebrosides (HexCer), constitute a sphingolipid subclass. The diastereomerism between their monosaccharide head groups, glucose and galactose in mammalian cells, gives rise to an analytical challenge in the differentiation of their biological roles in healthy and disease states. Shotgun tandem mass spectrometry has been demonstrated to be a powerful tool in lipidomics analysis in which the differentiation of the diastereomeric pairs of GSLs could be achieved with offline chemical modifications. However, the limited number of standards, as well as the lack of the comprehensive coverage of the GSLs, complicates the qualitative and quantitative analysis of GSLs. In this work, we describe a novel strategy that couples shotgun tandem mass spectrometry with gas-phase ion chemistry to achieve both differentiation and quantification of the diastereomeric pairs of GSLs. In brief, deprotonated GSL anions, [GSL-H]-, and terpyridine-magnesium complex dications, [Mg(Terpy)2]2+, are sequentially injected and mutually stored in a linear ion trap to form charge-inverted complex cations, [GSL-H + MgTerpy]+. The collision-induced dissociation of the charge-inverted complex cations leads to significant spectral differences between the diastereomeric pairs of GSLs, which permits their distinction. Moreover, we describe a relative quantification strategy with the normalized %Area extracted from selected diagnostic ions in binary mixtures. Analytical performance with the selected pure-component pairs, lyso-GSLs and HexCer(d18:1/18:0), was also evaluated in terms of accuracy, repeatability, and interday precision. The pure components could be extended to different fatty acyl chains on cerebrosides with a limited error, which allows for the relative quantitation of the diastereomeric pairs without all standards. We successfully applied the presented method to identify and quantify, on a relative basis, the GSLs in commercially available total cerebroside extracts from the porcine brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsi-Chun Chao
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Scott A. McLuckey
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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24
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Identification of carbohydrate peripheral epitopes important for recognition by positive-ion MALDI multistage mass spectrometry. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 229:115528. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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25
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Martin Somer A, Macaluso V, Barnes GL, Yang L, Pratihar S, Song K, Hase WL, Spezia R. Role of Chemical Dynamics Simulations in Mass Spectrometry Studies of Collision-Induced Dissociation and Collisions of Biological Ions with Organic Surfaces. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2020; 31:2-24. [PMID: 32881516 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.9b00062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this article, a perspective is given of chemical dynamics simulations of collisions of biological ions with surfaces and of collision-induced dissociation (CID) of ions. The simulations provide an atomic-level understanding of the collisions and, overall, are in quite good agreement with experiment. An integral component of ion/surface collisions is energy transfer to the internal degrees of freedom of both the ion and the surface. The simulations reveal how this energy transfer depends on the collision energy, incident angle, biological ion, and surface. With energy transfer to the ion's vibration fragmentation may occur, i.e. surface-induced dissociation (SID), and the simulations discovered a new fragmentation mechanism, called shattering, for which the ion fragments as it collides with the surface. The simulations also provide insight into the atomistic dynamics of soft-landing and reactive-landing of ions on surfaces. The CID simulations compared activation by multiple "soft" collisions, resulting in random excitation, versus high energy single collisions and nonrandom excitation. These two activation methods may result in different fragment ions. Simulations provide fragmentation products in agreement with experiments and, hence, can provide additional information regarding the reaction mechanisms taking place in experiment. Such studies paved the way on using simulations as an independent and predictive tool in increasing fundamental understanding of CID and related processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Martin Somer
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Módulo 13 Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Excelencia UAM-CSIC Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Veronica Macaluso
- LAMBE, Univ Evry, CNRS, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91025 Evry, France
| | - George L Barnes
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Siena College, Loudonville, New York 12211, United States
| | - Li Yang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P.R. China
| | - Subha Pratihar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Kihyung Song
- Department of Chemistry, Korea National University of Education, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - William L Hase
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Riccardo Spezia
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique, LCT, 4, Place Jussieu, Paris, 75252 Cedex 05, France
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26
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Chiu CC, Lin CK, Kuo JL. Improved agreement between experimental and computational results for collision-induced dissociation mass spectrometry of cation-tagged hexoses. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:6928-6941. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp00286k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Low exact exchange DFT methods underestimate the dehydration barriers as the charge localization in such transition states is challenging to describe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-chau Chiu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei City 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Chih-Kai Lin
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei City 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Jer-Lai Kuo
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei City 10617
- Taiwan
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27
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Barrientos RC, Zhang Q. Fragmentation Behavior and Gas-Phase Structures of Cationized Glycosphingolipids in Ozone-Induced Dissociation Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2019; 30:1609-1620. [PMID: 31286447 PMCID: PMC6697594 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-019-02267-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The role of cationization in the fragmentation behavior of glycoconjugates is amply documented in collisional activation techniques but remains less explored in ozone-induced dissociation mass spectrometry (OzID-MS). OzID-MS has been used to elucidate the location of carbon-carbon double bonds in unsaturated lipids. Previously, we demonstrated the structural analysis of unsaturated glycosphingolipids using OzID-MS by mass-selecting the [M+Na]+ adduct for fragmentation. In this work, we aimed to examine the effect of different adducts, namely [M+Na]+, [M+Li]+, and [M+H]+ on the OzID-MS fragmentation behavior of a representative unsaturated glycosphingolipid, LacCer d18:1/18:1(9Z). Our data show that [M+H]+ primarily undergoes dehydration followed by collision-induced dissociation-like loss of the headgroup, while [M+Li]+ and [M+Na]+ dissociate at the double bonds albeit with slightly different intensities of the resulting fragments. Using molecular mechanics and theoretical calculations at the semiempirical level, we report for the first time the gas-phase structure of cationized glycosphingolipids, which helps rationalize the observed bond cleavage. Our findings highlight that the type of adducts can influence gas-phase ion structure of glycosphingolipids and subsequently affect their fragmentation in OzID-MS. This study contributes to the growing body of knowledge on OzID-MS and gas-phase structures of ionized lipids and the findings have the potential to be extended to other more complex glycoconjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodell C Barrientos
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, 27412, USA
- UNCG Center for Translational Biomedical Research, NC Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Qibin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, 27412, USA.
- UNCG Center for Translational Biomedical Research, NC Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA.
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28
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Johnson AR, Carlson EE. Structure Elucidation of Macrolide Antibiotics Using MS n Analysis and Deuterium Labelling. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2019; 30:1464-1480. [PMID: 30993640 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-019-02210-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The 14- and 16-membered macrolide antibiotics are an important structural class. Ubiquitously produced by a number of bacterial strains, namely actinomycetes, purification and structure elucidation of the wide array of analogs is challenging, both for discovery efforts and methodologies to monitor for byproducts, metabolites, and contaminants. Collision-induced dissociation mass spectrometry offers an attractive solution, enabling characterization of mixtures, and providing a wealth of structural information. However, interpretation of these spectra can be difficult. We present a study of 14- and 16-membered macrolide antibiotics, including MSn analysis for unprecedented depth of coverage, and complimentary analysis with D2O and H218O labeling to elucidate fragmentation mechanisms. These analyses contrast the behaviors of varying classes of macrolides and highlight how analogues can be identified in relation to similar structures, which will provide utility for future studies of novel macrolides, as well as impurities, metabolites, and degradation products of pharmaceuticals. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Erin E Carlson
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 308 Harvard Street SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, 321 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
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29
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Chiu CC, Huynh HT, Tsai ST, Lin HY, Hsu PJ, Phan HT, Karumanthra A, Thompson H, Lee YC, Kuo JL, Ni CK. Toward Closing the Gap between Hexoses and N-Acetlyhexosamines: Experimental and Computational Studies on the Collision-Induced Dissociation of Hexosamines. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:6683-6700. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b04143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-chau Chiu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hai Thi Huynh
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Ting Tsai
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hou-Yu Lin
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Po-Jen Hsu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Huu Trong Phan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Arya Karumanthra
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Undergraduate Programme, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Hayden Thompson
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Yu-Chi Lee
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Lai Kuo
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Kung Ni
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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30
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Ujma J, Ropartz D, Giles K, Richardson K, Langridge D, Wildgoose J, Green M, Pringle S. Cyclic Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry Distinguishes Anomers and Open-Ring Forms of Pentasaccharides. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2019; 30:1028-1037. [PMID: 30977045 PMCID: PMC6517361 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-019-02168-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing biopharmaceutical interest in oligosaccharides and glycosylation. A key requirement for these sample types is the ability to characterize the chain length, branching, type of monomers, and importantly stereochemistry and anomeric configuration. Herein, we showcase the multi-function capability of a cyclic ion mobility (cIM) separator embedded in a quadrupole/time-of-flight mass spectrometer (Q-ToF MS). The instrument design enables selective activation of mobility-separated precursors followed by cIM separation of product ions, an approach analogous to MSn. Using high cIM resolution, we demonstrate the separation of three isomeric pentasaccharides and, moreover, that three components are present for each compound. We show that structural differences between product ions reflect the precursor differences in some cases but not others. These findings are corroborated by a heavy oxygen labelling approach. Using this methodology, the identity of fragment ions may be assigned. This enables us to postulate that the two main components observed for each pentasaccharide are anomeric forms. The remaining low abundance component is assigned as an open-ring form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Ujma
- Waters Corporation, Stamford Avenue, Altrincham Road, Wilmslow, SK9 4AX, UK
| | - David Ropartz
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymers Interactions Assemblies, Rue de la Géraudière, B.P. 71627, F-44316, Nantes, France
| | - Kevin Giles
- Waters Corporation, Stamford Avenue, Altrincham Road, Wilmslow, SK9 4AX, UK.
| | - Keith Richardson
- Waters Corporation, Stamford Avenue, Altrincham Road, Wilmslow, SK9 4AX, UK
| | - David Langridge
- Waters Corporation, Stamford Avenue, Altrincham Road, Wilmslow, SK9 4AX, UK
| | - Jason Wildgoose
- Waters Corporation, Stamford Avenue, Altrincham Road, Wilmslow, SK9 4AX, UK
| | - Martin Green
- Waters Corporation, Stamford Avenue, Altrincham Road, Wilmslow, SK9 4AX, UK
| | - Steven Pringle
- Waters Corporation, Stamford Avenue, Altrincham Road, Wilmslow, SK9 4AX, UK
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31
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De novo structural determination of mannose oligosaccharides by using a logically derived sequence for tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:3241-3255. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-01817-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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32
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Chiu CC, Tsai ST, Hsu PJ, Huynh HT, Chen JL, Phan HT, Huang SP, Lin HY, Kuo JL, Ni CK. Unexpected Dissociation Mechanism of Sodiated N-Acetylglucosamine and N-Acetylgalactosamine. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:3441-3453. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b00934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-chau Chiu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Ting Tsai
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Po-Jen Hsu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hai Thi Huynh
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Molecular Science and Technology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Jien-Lian Chen
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Huu Trong Phan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Molecular Science and Technology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Pei Huang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hou-Yu Lin
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Lai Kuo
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Kung Ni
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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33
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Bythell BJ, Rabus JM, Wagoner AR, Abutokaikah MT, Maître P. Sequence Ion Structures and Dissociation Chemistry of Deprotonated Sucrose Anions. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2018; 29:2380-2393. [PMID: 30284205 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-018-2065-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the tandem mass spectrometry of regiospecifically labeled, deprotonated sucrose analytes. We utilize density functional theory calculations to model the pertinent gas-phase fragmentation chemistry of the prevalent glycosidic bond cleavages (B1-Y1 and C1-Z1 reactions) and compare these predictions to infrared spectroscopy experiments on the resulting B1 and C1 product anions. For the C1 anions, barriers to interconversion of the pyranose [α-glucose-H]-, C1 anions to entropically favorable ring-open aldehyde-terminated forms were modest (41 kJ mol-1) consistent with the observation of a band assigned to a carbonyl stretch at ~ 1680-1720 cm-1. For the B1 anions, our transition structure calculations predict the presence of both deprotonated 1,6-anhydroglucose and carbon 2-ketone ((4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)dihydro-2H-pyran-3(4H)-one) anion structures, with the latter predominating. This hypothesis is supported by our spectroscopic data which show diagnostic bands at 1600, 1674, and 1699 cm-1 (deprotonated carbon 2-ketone structures), and at ~ 1541 cm-1 (both types of structure) and RRKM rate calculations. The deprotonated carbon 2-ketone structures are also the lowest energy product B1 anions. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J Bythell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63121, USA.
| | - Jordan M Rabus
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63121, USA
| | - Ashley R Wagoner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63121, USA
| | - Maha T Abutokaikah
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63121, USA
| | - Philippe Maître
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique (UMR8000), CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405, Orsay, France
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34
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Mookherjee A, Uppal SS, Guttman M. Dissection of Fragmentation Pathways in Protonated N-Acetylhexosamines. Anal Chem 2018; 90:11883-11891. [PMID: 30216047 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b01963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Structural characterization of carbohydrates by mass spectrometry necessitates a detailed understanding of their gas phase behavior, particularly for protonated carbohydrates that can undergo complex structural rearrangements during fragmentation. Here we utilize tandem mass spectrometry, isotopic labeling, gas-phase hydrogen/deuterium exchange, and ion mobility measurements to characterize structures of the various product ions of protonated N-acetylhexosamines. Following the facile loss of the reducing end hydroxyl group, we identify two primary fragmentation pathways. Detailed mapping of each step in the fragmentation pathway provides new insight into the mechanisms that drive collision-induced dissociation of protonated carbohydrates. Several of the smaller fragment ions are mixtures of structural isomers, and the relative distributions of these structures reveals information about the stereochemistry of the precursor molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhigya Mookherjee
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Sanjit S Uppal
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Miklos Guttman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
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35
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Abutokaikah MT, Frye JW, Tschampel J, Rabus JM, Bythell BJ. Fragmentation Pathways of Lithiated Hexose Monosaccharides. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2018; 29:1627-1637. [PMID: 29740760 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-018-1973-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We characterize the primary fragmentation reactions of three isomeric lithiated D-hexose sugars (glucose, galactose, and mannose) utilizing tandem mass spectrometry, regiospecific labeling, and theory. We provide evidence that these three isomers populate similar fragmentation pathways to produce the abundant cross-ring cleavage peaks (0,2A1 and 0,3A1). These pathways are highly consistent with the prior literature (Hofmeister et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 113, 5964-5970, 1991, Bythell et al. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 28, 688-703, 2017, Rabus et al. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 19, 25643-25652, 2017) and the present labeling data. However, the structure-specific energetics and rate-determining steps of these reactions differ as a function of precursor sugar and anomeric configuration. The lowest energy water loss pathways involve loss of the anomeric oxygen to furnish B1 ions. For glucose and galactose, the lithiated α-anomers generate ketone structures at C2 in a concerted reaction involving a 1,2-migration of the C2-H to the anomeric carbon (C1). In contrast, the β-anomers are predicted to form 1,3-anhydroglucose/galactose B1 ion structures. Initiation of the water loss reactions from each anomeric configuration requires distinct reactive conformers, resulting in different product ion structures. Inversion of the stereochemistry at C2 has marked consequences. Both lithiated mannose forms expel water to form 1,2-anhydromannose B1 ions with the newly formed epoxide group above the ring. Additionally, provided water loss is not instantaneous, the α-anomer can also isomerize to generate a ketone structure at C2 in a concerted reaction involving a 1,2-migration of the C2-H to C1. This product is indistinguishable to that from α-glucose. The energetics and interplay of these pathways are discussed. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha T Abutokaikah
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri, St. Louis, MO, 63121, USA
| | - Joseph W Frye
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri, St. Louis, MO, 63121, USA
| | - John Tschampel
- University City High School, 7401 Balson Ave, University City, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Jordan M Rabus
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri, St. Louis, MO, 63121, USA
| | - Benjamin J Bythell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri, St. Louis, MO, 63121, USA.
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36
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Bayat P, Lesage D, Cole RB. Low-energy collision-induced dissociation (low-energy CID), collision-induced dissociation (CID), and higher energy collision dissociation (HCD) mass spectrometry for structural elucidation of saccharides and clarification of their dissolution mechanism in DMAc/LiCl. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2018; 53:705-716. [PMID: 29813177 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The dissolution mechanism of oligosaccharides in N,N-dimethylacetamide/lithium chloride (DMAc/LiCl), a solvent used for cellulose dissolution, and the capabilities of low-energy collision-induced dissociation (low-energy CID), collision-induced dissociation (CID), and higher energy collision dissociation (HCD) for structural analysis of carbohydrates were investigated. Comparing the spectra obtained using 3 techniques shows that, generally, when working with monolithiated sugars, CID spectra provide more structurally informative fragments, and glycosidic bond cleavage is the main pathway. However, when working with dilithiated sugars, HCD spectra can be more informative providing predominately cross-ring cleavage fragments. This is because HCD is a nonresonant activation technique, and it allows a higher amount of energy to be deposited in a short time, giving access to more endothermic decomposition pathways as well as consecutive fragmentations. The difference in preferred dissociation pathways of monolithiated and dilithiated sugars indicates that the presence of the second lithium strongly influences the relative rate constants for cross-ring cleavages vs glycosidic bond cleavages, and disfavors the latter. Regarding the dissolution mechanism of sugars in DMAc/LiCl, CID and HCD experiments on dilithiated and trilithiated sugars reveal that intensities of product ions containing 2 Li+ or 3 Li+ , respectively, are higher than those bearing only 1 Li+ . In addition, comparing the fragmentation spectra (both HCD and CID) of LiCl-adducted lithiated sugar and NaCl-adducted sodiated sugar shows that while, in the latter case, loss of NaCl is dominant, in the former case, loss of HCl occurs preferentially. The compiled evidence implies that there is a strong and direct interaction between lithium and the saccharide during the dissolution process in the DMAc/LiCl solvent system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Bayat
- CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), Sorbonne Université, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Denis Lesage
- CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), Sorbonne Université, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Richard B Cole
- CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), Sorbonne Université, 75005, Paris, France
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37
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Morrison KA, Bendiak BK, Clowers BH. Assessment of Dimeric Metal-Glycan Adducts via Isotopic Labeling and Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2018; 29:1638-1649. [PMID: 29802562 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-018-1982-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Adduction of multivalent metal ions to glycans has been shown in recent years to produce altered tandem mass spectra with collision-induced dissociation, electron transfer techniques, and photon-based fragmentation approaches. However, these approaches assume the presence of a well-characterized precursor ion population and do not fully account for the possibility of multimeric species for select glycan-metal complexes. With the use of ion mobility separations prior to mass analysis, doubly charged dimers are not necessarily problematic for tandem MS experiments given that monomer and dimer drift times are sufficiently different. However, multistage mass spectrometric experiments performed on glycans adducted to multivalent metals without mobility separation can yield chimeric fragmentation spectra that are essentially a superposition of the fragments from both the monomeric and dimeric adducts. For homodimeric adducts, where the dimer contains two of the same glycan species, this is less of a concern but if heterodimers can form, there exists the potential for erroneous and misleading fragment ions to appear if a heterodimer containing two different isomers is fragmented along with a targeted monomer. We present an assessment of heterodimer formation between a series of six tetrasaccharides, of which three are isomers, adducted with cobalt(II) and a monodeuterated tetrasaccharide. Using ion mobility separations prior to single-stage and tandem mass analysis, the data shown demonstrate that heterodimeric species can indeed form, and that ion mobility separations are highly necessary prior to using tandem techniques on metal-glycan adducts. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey A Morrison
- Washington State University, PO Box 644630, Pullman, WA, 99164-4630, USA
| | - Brad K Bendiak
- University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Brian H Clowers
- Washington State University, PO Box 644630, Pullman, WA, 99164-4630, USA.
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38
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Ashwood C, Lin CH, Thaysen-Andersen M, Packer NH. Discrimination of Isomers of Released N- and O-Glycans Using Diagnostic Product Ions in Negative Ion PGC-LC-ESI-MS/MS. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2018; 29:1194-1209. [PMID: 29603058 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-018-1932-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Profiling cellular protein glycosylation is challenging due to the presence of highly similar glycan structures that play diverse roles in cellular physiology. As the anomericity and the exact linkage type of a single glycosidic bond can influence glycan function, there is a demand for improved and automated methods to confirm detailed structural features and to discriminate between structurally similar isomers, overcoming a significant bottleneck in the analysis of data generated by glycomics experiments. We used porous graphitized carbon-LC-ESI-MS/MS to separate and detect released N- and O-glycan isomers from mammalian model glycoproteins using negative mode resonance activation CID-MS/MS. By interrogating similar fragment spectra from closely related glycan isomers that differ only in arm position and sialyl linkage, product fragment ions for discrimination between these features were discovered. Using the Skyline software, at least two diagnostic fragment ions of high specificity were validated for automated discrimination of sialylation and arm position in N-glycan structures, and sialylation in O-glycan structures, complementing existing structural diagnostic ions. These diagnostic ions were shown to be useful for isomer discrimination using both linear and 3D ion trap mass spectrometers when analyzing complex glycan mixtures from cell lysates. Skyline was found to serve as a useful tool for automated assessment of glycan isomer discrimination. This platform-independent workflow can potentially be extended to automate the characterization and quantitation of other challenging glycan isomers. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Ashwood
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale Biophotonics, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Chi-Hung Lin
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | | | - Nicolle H Packer
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale Biophotonics, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Southport, Australia.
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39
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Elferink H, Severijnen ME, Martens J, Mensink RA, Berden G, Oomens J, Rutjes FPJT, Rijs AM, Boltje TJ. Direct Experimental Characterization of Glycosyl Cations by Infrared Ion Spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:6034-6038. [PMID: 29656643 PMCID: PMC5958338 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b01236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Glycosyl cations are crucial intermediates formed during enzymatic and chemical glycosylation. The intrinsic high reactivity and short lifetime of these reaction intermediates make them very challenging to characterize using spectroscopic techniques. Herein, we report the use of collision induced dissociation tandem mass spectrometry to generate glycosyl cations in the gas phase followed by infrared ion spectroscopy using the FELIX infrared free electron laser. The experimentally observed IR spectra were compared to DFT calculated spectra enabling the detailed structural elucidation of elusive glycosyl oxocarbenium and dioxolenium ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidde Elferink
- Radboud
University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marion E. Severijnen
- Radboud
University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Toernooiveld
7c, 6525 ED, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jonathan Martens
- Radboud
University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Toernooiveld
7c, 6525 ED, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rens A. Mensink
- Radboud
University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Giel Berden
- Radboud
University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Toernooiveld
7c, 6525 ED, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jos Oomens
- Radboud
University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Toernooiveld
7c, 6525 ED, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Floris P. J. T. Rutjes
- Radboud
University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Anouk M. Rijs
- Radboud
University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Toernooiveld
7c, 6525 ED, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas J. Boltje
- Radboud
University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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40
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Paek J, Kim Y, Lee D, Kim J. MALDI-MS Analysis of Sucrose Using a Charcoal Matrix with Different Cationization Agents. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.11466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jihyun Paek
- Department of Chemistry; Chungnam National University; Daejeon 34134 Republic of Korea
| | - Yeoseon Kim
- Department of Chemistry; Chungnam National University; Daejeon 34134 Republic of Korea
| | - Dabin Lee
- Department of Chemistry; Chungnam National University; Daejeon 34134 Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongkwon Kim
- Department of Chemistry; Chungnam National University; Daejeon 34134 Republic of Korea
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41
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Schaller-Duke RM, Bogala MR, Cassady CJ. Electron Transfer Dissociation and Collision-Induced Dissociation of Underivatized Metallated Oligosaccharides. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2018; 29:1021-1035. [PMID: 29492773 PMCID: PMC5943087 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-018-1906-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Electron transfer dissociation (ETD) and collision-induced dissociation (CID) were used to investigate underivatized, metal-cationized oligosaccharides formed via electrospray ionization (ESI). Reducing and non-reducing sugars were studied including the tetrasaccharides maltotetraose, 3α,4β,3α-galactotetraose, stachyose, nystose, and a heptasaccharide, maltoheptaose. Univalent alkali, divalent alkaline earth, divalent and trivalent transition metal ions, and a boron group trivalent metal ion were adducted to the non-permethylated oligosaccharides. ESI generated [M + Met]+, [M + 2Met]2+, [M + Met]2+, [M + Met - H]+, and [M + Met - 2H]+ most intensely along with low intensity nitrate adducts, depending on the metal and sugar ionized. The ability of these metal ions to produce oligosaccharide adduct ions by ESI had the general trend: Ca(II) > Mg(II) > Ni(II) > Co(II) > Zn(II) > Cu(II) > Na(I) > K(I) > Al(III) ≈ Fe(III) ≈ Cr(III). Although trivalent metals were utilized, no triply charged ions were formed. Metal cations allowed for high ESI signal intensity without permethylation. ETD and CID on [M + Met]2+ produced various glycosidic and cross-ring cleavages, with ETD producing more cross-ring and internal ions, which are useful for structural analysis. Product ion intensities varied based on glycosidic-bond linkage and identity of monosaccharide sub-unit, and metal adducts. ETD and CID showed high fragmentation efficiency, often with complete precursor dissociation, depending on the identity of the adducted metal ion. Loss of water was occasionally observed, but elimination of small neutral molecules was not prevalent. For both ETD and CID, [M + Co]2+ produced the most uniform structurally informative dissociation with all oligosaccharides studied. The ETD and CID spectra were complementary. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranelle M Schaller-Duke
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USA
| | - Mallikharjuna R Bogala
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USA
| | - Carolyn J Cassady
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USA.
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42
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Rabus JM, Simmons DR, Maître P, Bythell BJ. Deprotonated carbohydrate anion fragmentation chemistry: structural evidence from tandem mass spectrometry, infra-red spectroscopy, and theory. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:27897-27909. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp02620c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We investigate the gas-phase structures and fragmentation chemistry of deprotonated carbohydrate anions using combined tandem mass spectrometry, infrared spectroscopy, regioselective labelling, and theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan M. Rabus
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Missouri-St. Louis
- St. Louis
- USA
| | - Daniel R. Simmons
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Missouri-St. Louis
- St. Louis
- USA
| | - Philippe Maître
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique (UMR8000)
- CNRS
- Univ. Paris-Sud
- Université Paris-Saclay
- Orsay
| | - Benjamin J. Bythell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Missouri-St. Louis
- St. Louis
- USA
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43
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Huynh HT, Phan HT, Hsu PJ, Chen JL, Nguan HS, Tsai ST, Roongcharoen T, Liew CY, Ni CK, Kuo JL. Collision-induced dissociation of sodiated glucose, galactose, and mannose, and the identification of anomeric configurations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:19614-19624. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp03753a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Different dehydration barrier heights of cis and trans configurations between O1 and O2 provide a simple and fast anomeric configuration identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Thi Huynh
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
- Molecular Science and Technology
| | - Huu Trong Phan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
- Molecular Science and Technology
| | - Po-Jen Hsu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Jien-Lian Chen
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Hock Seng Nguan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Shang-Ting Tsai
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Thantip Roongcharoen
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Chia Yen Liew
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Chi-Kung Ni
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Jer-Lai Kuo
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
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44
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Morrison KA, Clowers BH. Contemporary glycomic approaches using ion mobility-mass spectrometry. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2017; 42:119-129. [PMID: 29248736 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2017.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Characterization of complex oligosaccharides has historically required extensive sample handling and separations before analysis using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and electron impact mass spectra following hydrolysis, derivatization, and gas chromatographic separation. Advances in liquid chromatography separations and tandem mass spectrometry have expanded the range of intact glycan analysis, but carbohydrate structure and conformation-integral chemical characteristics-are often difficult to assess with minimal amounts of sample in a rapid fashion. Because ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) separates analytes based upon an effective 'size-to-charge' ratio, IMS is, by extension, highly applicable to glycomics. Furthermore, the speed of IMS, its growing levels of separation efficiency, and direct compatibility with all forms of mass spectrometry, illustrates is core role in the future of glycomics efforts. This review assesses the current state of ion mobility-mass spectrometry applied to glycan, glycoprotein, and glycoconjugate analysis. Currently, assessing optimal ion polarity and adduct type for a glycan class along with the appropriate tandem mass spectrometry technique underpin many of the current glycan analysis efforts using ion mobility-mass spectrometry (IMMS). Once determined, these parameters have enabled a growing and impressive range of glycomics campaigns employing this technique. Additionally, the combination of IMS with tandem mass spectrometry, and even spectroscopic methods, further expands the dimensionality of hybrid instrumentation to provide a more comprehensive assessment of glycan structure across a wide dynamic range. Continued computational efforts to complement experimental and instrumental advancements also serve as a core component of IMMS workflows applied to glycomics and promise to maximize the information gained from mobility separations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey A Morrison
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, United States
| | - Brian H Clowers
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, United States.
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45
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Rossich Molina E, Eizaguirre A, Haldys V, Urban D, Doisneau G, Bourdreux Y, Beau J, Salpin J, Spezia R. Characterization of Protonated Model Disaccharides from Tandem Mass Spectrometry and Chemical Dynamics Simulations. Chemphyschem 2017; 18:2812-2823. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201700202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Estefania Rossich Molina
- LAMBE, Univ Evry, CEA, CNRSUniversité Paris-Saclay F-91025 Evry France
- LAMBE, Université Cergy-PontoiseUniversité Paris-Seine F-91025 Evry France
| | - Ane Eizaguirre
- LAMBE, Univ Evry, CEA, CNRSUniversité Paris-Saclay F-91025 Evry France
- LAMBE, Université Cergy-PontoiseUniversité Paris-Seine F-91025 Evry France
| | - Violette Haldys
- LAMBE, Univ Evry, CEA, CNRSUniversité Paris-Saclay F-91025 Evry France
- LAMBE, Université Cergy-PontoiseUniversité Paris-Seine F-91025 Evry France
| | - Dominique Urban
- ICMMO—SM2B, Univ Paris-SudUniversité Paris-Saclay and CNRS F-91405 Orsay France
| | - Gilles Doisneau
- ICMMO—SM2B, Univ Paris-SudUniversité Paris-Saclay and CNRS F-91405 Orsay France
| | - Yann Bourdreux
- ICMMO—SM2B, Univ Paris-SudUniversité Paris-Saclay and CNRS F-91405 Orsay France
| | - Jean‐Marie Beau
- ICMMO—SM2B, Univ Paris-SudUniversité Paris-Saclay and CNRS F-91405 Orsay France
| | - Jean‐Yves Salpin
- LAMBE, Univ Evry, CEA, CNRSUniversité Paris-Saclay F-91025 Evry France
- LAMBE, Université Cergy-PontoiseUniversité Paris-Seine F-91025 Evry France
| | - Riccardo Spezia
- LAMBE, Univ Evry, CEA, CNRSUniversité Paris-Saclay F-91025 Evry France
- LAMBE, Université Cergy-PontoiseUniversité Paris-Seine F-91025 Evry France
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Chen JL, Nguan HS, Hsu PJ, Tsai ST, Liew CY, Kuo JL, Hu WP, Ni CK. Collision-induced dissociation of sodiated glucose and identification of anomeric configuration. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:15454-15462. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp02393f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Difference in dehydration barrier heights results in different branching ratio, a simple and fast method for anomeric configuration identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jien-Lian Chen
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Hock Seng Nguan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Po-Jen Hsu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Shang-Ting Tsai
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Chia Yen Liew
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Jer-Lai Kuo
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ping Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- National Chung Cheng University
- Chia-Yi 621
- Taiwan
| | - Chi-Kung Ni
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry
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47
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Rabus JM, Abutokaikah MT, Ross RT, Bythell BJ. Sodium-cationized carbohydrate gas-phase fragmentation chemistry: influence of glycosidic linkage position. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:25643-25652. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp04738j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Gas-phase structure and fragmentation chemistries of isomeric sodium-cationized sugars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan M. Rabus
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Missouri
- St. Louis
- USA
| | | | - Reginald T. Ross
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Missouri
- St. Louis
- USA
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