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Mi J, Ren X, Shi J, Wang F, Wang Q, Pang H, Kang L, Wang C. An insight into the different responses to salt stress in growth characteristics of two legume species during seedling growth. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 14:1342219. [PMID: 38328618 PMCID: PMC10847288 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1342219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Legumes play a crucial role in the restoration and utilization of salinized grassland. To explore the physiological response mechanism of Astragalus membranaceus and Medicago sativa seedlings to salt stress, salt stress culture experiments with five NaCl concentration treatments (0 mmol/L, 50 mmol/L, 100 mmol/L, 200 mmol/L, and 300 mmol/L) were conducted on these two legume seedlings. Morphological characteristics, physiological features, biomass, and the protective enzyme system were measured for both seedlings. Correlation analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), and membership function analysis (MFA) were conducted for each index. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to analyze the salt stress pathways of plants. The results indicated that number of primary branches (PBN), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity in stems and leaves, catalase (CAT) activity in roots, etc. were identified as the primary indicators for evaluating the salt tolerance of A. membranaceus during its seedling growth period. And CAT and peroxidase (POD) activity in roots, POD and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in stems and leaves, etc. were identified as the primary indicators for evaluating the salt tolerance of M. sativa during its growth period. Plant morphological characteristics, physiological indexes, and underground biomass (UGB) were directly affected by salinity, while physiological indexes indirectly affected the degree of leaf succulence (LSD). Regarding the response of the protective enzyme system to salt stress, the activity of POD and APX increased in A. membranaceus, while the activity of CAT increased in M. sativa. Our findings suggest that salt stress directly affects the growth strategies of legumes. Furthermore, the response of the protective enzyme system and potential cell membrane damage to salinity were very different in the two legumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Mi
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration on Loess Plateau, Institute of Loess Plateau, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of the Ministry of Education for Subalpine Grassland Ecosystem in Shanxi, Ningwu, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecological Protection and Native Grass Germplasm Innovation, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Xinyue Ren
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration on Loess Plateau, Institute of Loess Plateau, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jing Shi
- College of Environment and Resources Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration on Loess Plateau, Institute of Loess Plateau, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Qianju Wang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration on Loess Plateau, Institute of Loess Plateau, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Haiyan Pang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration on Loess Plateau, Institute of Loess Plateau, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Lifang Kang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Changhui Wang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecological Protection and Native Grass Germplasm Innovation, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
- College of Grassland Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
- Observation and Research Station for Grassland Ecosystem in the Loess Plateau, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
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Haq IU, Azam N, Ashraf M, Javaid MM, Murtaza G, Ahmed Z, Riaz MA, Iqbal R, Habib Ur Rahman M, Alwahibi MS, Elshikh MS, Aslam MU, Arslan M. Improving the genetic potential of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) germplasm to tolerate salinity stress. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21504. [PMID: 38057336 PMCID: PMC10700504 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48370-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) is the most consumed vegetable worldwide with the potential for diverse ecological adaptation. However, increasing salinization and changing climatic conditions are posing serious threats to the growth, yield, and quality of okra. Therefore, to mitigate increasing soil salinization and ensure sustainable okra production under rapidly changing climatic conditions, evaluation of new okra germplasm to develop salt tolerant cultivars is direly needed. The present study was designed to evaluate the genetic resources of okra genotypes for salt tolerance at growth and reproductive phases. Based on mophological and physio-biochemical responses of plants under stress condition, genotypes were divided into salt tolerant and succeptible groups. The experiment was comprised of 100 okra genotypes and each genotype was grown under control conditions and 6.5 dS m-1 NaCl concentration in a pot having 10 kg capacity. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design and each treatment was replicated three times. The results showed vast genetic variability among the evaluated okra germplasm traits like days to emergence, pod length, pod diameter, plant height, stem girth, and other yield-related parameters. Correlation analysis showed a highly significant positive association among the number of leaves at first flower and plant height at first flower.Likewise, pod weight also revealed a highly significant positive relationship for pod weight plant-1, pod length, and K+: Na+. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed that out of 16 principal components (PCs), five components showed more than one eigenvalue and the first six PCs contributed 67.2% of the variation. Bi-plot analysis illustrated that genotypes 95, 111, 133, 99, and 128, under salt stress conditions, exhibited both high yield per plant and salt-tolerant behavior in other yield-related traits. On the basis of all studied traits, a salt susceptible group and a salt-tolerant group were formed. The salt tolerant group comprised of 97, 68, 95, 114, 64, 99, 111, 133, 128, and 109 genotypes, whereas, the salt susceptible group contained 137, 139, 130, 94, and 125 genotypes. Salt-tolerant okra genotypes were suggested to be used in further breeding programs aimed to develop salt tolerance in okra. These insights will empower precision breeding, underscore the importance of genetic diversity, and bear the potential to address the challenges of salt-affected soils while promoting broader agricultural resilience, economic prosperity, and food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikram Ul Haq
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Noman Azam
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Mansoor Javaid
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Murtaza
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, Yunnan, China
| | - Zeeshan Ahmed
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Punjab, Pakistan.
- College of Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, 110034, China.
| | - Muhammad Asam Riaz
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 41000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Rashid Iqbal
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammed Habib Ur Rahman
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Seed Science and Technology, Institute of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, MNS-University of Agricultural, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Mona S Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Usman Aslam
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Arslan
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
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Prodjinoto H, Irakoze W, Gandonou C, Quinet M, Lutts S. Comparison between the impact of osmotic and NaCl treatments on the expression of genes coding for ion transporters in Oryza glaberrima Steud. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290752. [PMID: 37967065 PMCID: PMC10650995 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
We analyzed the expression of genes coding for Na+ transporters (OsHKT1.5, OsHKT1.1, OsSOS1, OsSOS2, OsNHX1, OsNHX2), Cl- transporter (OsNRT1, OsCLC, OsCCC1) and gene coding for the transcription factor DREB (OsDREB2) involved in response to desiccation in two cultivars of O. glaberrrima differing in salt-resistance (salt-tolerant cultivar (TOG5307) and salt-sensitive (TOG 5949)) exposed to NaCl, PEG or both agents present simultaneously. Seedlings were grown in iso-osmotic nutrient solution (Ψs = -0.47±0.02 MPa) containing PEG 6,000 12.9% (water stress), NaCl 75 mM (salt stress) and PEG 6.4% + NaCl 37.5 mM (MIX-treatment) during 1 and 7 days. Plants were analyzed for gene expression, mineral nutrients, and photosynthetic-related parameters. Na+ and Cl- accumulations in salt-treated plants were lower in roots and shoots of TOG5307 comparatively to TOG5949 while water content decreased in TOG5307. TOG5307 exhibited tolerance to water stress and maintained higher net photosynthesis and water use efficiency than TOG5949 in response to all treatments, but was less efficient for osmotic adjustment. Dehydration tolerance of TOG5307 involves a higher OsDREB2 expression. TOG5307 also exhibited a higher OsSOS1, OsSOS2, OsNHX1 and OsNHX2 expression than TOG5949 in response to salinity. OsHKT1.5 was slightly induced in the shoot. OsHKT1.1 was recorded in the shoots but remained undetectable in the roots. Chloride and sodium accumulations were strongly reduced in the shoots when PEG was present. Salinity resistance in Oryza glaberrima implies tolerance to dehydration as well as complementary strategies of Na+ exclusion through the SOS system and Na+ tolerance through vacuolar sequestration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hermann Prodjinoto
- Groupe de Recherche en Physiologie végétale – Earth and Life Institute-Agronomy (ELIA) – Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- Laboratoire de Physiologie végétale et d’Etude des Stress environnementaux, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, République du Bénin
| | - Willy Irakoze
- Faculté d’Agronomie et de Bio-ingénierie, Université du Burundi, Bujumbura, Burundi
| | - Christophe Gandonou
- Laboratoire de Physiologie végétale et d’Etude des Stress environnementaux, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, République du Bénin
| | - Muriel Quinet
- Groupe de Recherche en Physiologie végétale – Earth and Life Institute-Agronomy (ELIA) – Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Stanley Lutts
- Groupe de Recherche en Physiologie végétale – Earth and Life Institute-Agronomy (ELIA) – Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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Xia D, Guan L, Yin Y, Wang Y, Shi H, Li W, Zhang D, Song R, Hu T, Zhan X. Genome-Wide Analysis of MBF1 Family Genes in Five Solanaceous Plants and Functional Analysis of SlER24 in Salt Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13965. [PMID: 37762268 PMCID: PMC10531278 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiprotein bridging factor 1 (MBF1) is an ancient family of transcription coactivators that play a crucial role in the response of plants to abiotic stress. In this study, we analyzed the genomic data of five Solanaceae plants and identified a total of 21 MBF1 genes. The expansion of MBF1a and MBF1b subfamilies was attributed to whole-genome duplication (WGD), and the expansion of the MBF1c subfamily occurred through transposed duplication (TRD). Collinearity analysis within Solanaceae species revealed collinearity between members of the MBF1a and MBF1b subfamilies, whereas the MBF1c subfamily showed relative independence. The gene expression of SlER24 was induced by sodium chloride (NaCl), polyethylene glycol (PEG), ABA (abscisic acid), and ethrel treatments, with the highest expression observed under NaCl treatment. The overexpression of SlER24 significantly enhanced the salt tolerance of tomato, and the functional deficiency of SlER24 decreased the tolerance of tomato to salt stress. SlER24 enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity to reduce the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and alleviated plasma membrane damage under salt stress. SlER24 upregulated the expression levels of salt stress-related genes to enhance salt tolerance in tomato. In conclusion, this study provides basic information for the study of the MBF1 family of Solanaceae under abiotic stress, as well as a reference for the study of other plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongnan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (D.X.); (Y.Y.); (Y.W.); (H.S.); (W.L.); (D.Z.); (R.S.)
| | - Lulu Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China;
| | - Yue Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (D.X.); (Y.Y.); (Y.W.); (H.S.); (W.L.); (D.Z.); (R.S.)
| | - Yixi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (D.X.); (Y.Y.); (Y.W.); (H.S.); (W.L.); (D.Z.); (R.S.)
| | - Hongyan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (D.X.); (Y.Y.); (Y.W.); (H.S.); (W.L.); (D.Z.); (R.S.)
| | - Wenyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (D.X.); (Y.Y.); (Y.W.); (H.S.); (W.L.); (D.Z.); (R.S.)
| | - Dekai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (D.X.); (Y.Y.); (Y.W.); (H.S.); (W.L.); (D.Z.); (R.S.)
| | - Ran Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (D.X.); (Y.Y.); (Y.W.); (H.S.); (W.L.); (D.Z.); (R.S.)
| | - Tixu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (D.X.); (Y.Y.); (Y.W.); (H.S.); (W.L.); (D.Z.); (R.S.)
| | - Xiangqiang Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (D.X.); (Y.Y.); (Y.W.); (H.S.); (W.L.); (D.Z.); (R.S.)
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Sheteiwy MS, Ulhassan Z, Qi W, Lu H, AbdElgawad H, Minkina T, Sushkova S, Rajput VD, El-Keblawy A, Jośko I, Sulieman S, El-Esawi MA, El-Tarabily KA, AbuQamar SF, Yang H, Dawood M. Association of jasmonic acid priming with multiple defense mechanisms in wheat plants under high salt stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:886862. [PMID: 36061773 PMCID: PMC9429808 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.886862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Salinity is a global conundrum that negatively affects various biometrics of agricultural crops. Jasmonic acid (JA) is a phytohormone that reinforces multilayered defense strategies against abiotic stress, including salinity. This study investigated the effect of JA (60 μM) on two wheat cultivars, namely ZM9 and YM25, exposed to NaCl (14.50 dSm-1) during two consecutive growing seasons. Morphologically, plants primed with JA enhanced the vegetative growth and yield components. The improvement of growth by JA priming is associated with increased photosynthetic pigments, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2, maximal photosystem II efficiency, and transpiration rate of the stressed plants. Furthermore, wheat cultivars primed with JA showed a reduction in the swelling of the chloroplast, recovery of the disintegrated thylakoids grana, and increased plastoglobuli numbers compared to saline-treated plants. JA prevented dehydration of leaves by increasing relative water content and water use efficiency via reducing water and osmotic potential using proline as an osmoticum. There was a reduction in sodium (Na+) and increased potassium (K+) contents, indicating a significant role of JA priming in ionic homeostasis, which was associated with induction of the transporters, viz., SOS1, NHX2, and HVP1. Exogenously applied JA mitigated the inhibitory effect of salt stress in plants by increasing the endogenous levels of cytokinins and indole acetic acid, and reducing the abscisic acid (ABA) contents. In addition, the oxidative stress caused by increasing hydrogen peroxide in salt-stressed plants was restrained by JA, which was associated with increased α-tocopherol, phenolics, and flavonoids levels and triggered the activities of superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase activity. This increase in phenolics and flavonoids could be explained by the induction of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity. The results suggest that JA plays a key role at the morphological, biochemical, and genetic levels of stressed and non-stressed wheat plants which is reflected in yield attributes. Hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analyses showed that salt sensitivity was associated with the increments of Na+, hydrogen peroxide, and ABA contents. The regulatory role of JA under salinity stress was interlinked with increased JA level which consequentially improved ion transporting, osmoregulation, and antioxidant defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S. Sheteiwy
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- Southern Federal University, Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Zaid Ulhassan
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weicong Qi
- Institute of Agriculture Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences (JAAS), Nanjing, China
| | - Haiying Lu
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Co-innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Haiying Lu
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Beni-Suef, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Tatiana Minkina
- Southern Federal University, Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Svetlana Sushkova
- Southern Federal University, Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Vishnu D. Rajput
- Southern Federal University, Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Ali El-Keblawy
- Department of Applied Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Izabela Jośko
- Faculty of Agrobioengineering, Institute of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences, Lublin, Poland
| | - Saad Sulieman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, Khartoum North, Sudan
| | | | - Khaled A. El-Tarabily
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Khalifa Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
- Khaled A. El-Tarabily
| | - Synan F. AbuQamar
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Synan F. AbuQamar
| | - Haishui Yang
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mona Dawood
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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