1
|
Somerville E, Yan Y, Stark S. A Process Evaluation of a Fall Prevention Intervention Using the RE-AIM Framework. OTJR-OCCUPATION PARTICIPATION AND HEALTH 2024; 44:278-286. [PMID: 37401744 DOI: 10.1177/15394492231182398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Home hazard removal programs are effective in reducing falls among older adults, but delivery in the United States is limited. OBJECTIVES We completed a process evaluation of the Home Hazard Removal Program (HARP), an intervention delivered by occupational therapists. METHODS Using the RE-AIM framework (reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, maintenance), we examined outcomes using descriptive statistics and frequency distribution. We examined differences between covariates using Pearson correlation coefficients and two-sample t tests. RESULTS 79.1% of eligible older adults participated (reach); they experienced a 38% reduction in fall rates (effectiveness). Ninety percent of recommended strategies were completed (adoption), 99% of intervention elements were delivered (implementation), and 91% of strategies were still used at 12 months (maintenance). Participants received an average of 258.6 minutes of occupational therapy. An average of US$765.83 was spent per participant to deliver the intervention. CONCLUSIONS HARP has good reach, effectiveness, adherence, implementation, and maintenance and is a low-cost intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yan Yan
- Washington University in St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Klima D, Austin N, Avila K, Savoy A, Rhoten N, Wehland E, Weimert J, Wolfe J. Student coaching in a rural community fall prevention program: An exploratory study. GERONTOLOGY & GERIATRICS EDUCATION 2023; 44:88-101. [PMID: 35848602 DOI: 10.1080/02701960.2022.2098285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Falls are a significant cause of disability internationally. The purpose of this exploratory study was to examine the effectiveness of a community fall prevention program, Stepping On (SO), using nine student physical therapists and program faculty in a rural setting. A mixed-methods design was utilized. Students partnered with older adults to master exercises, demonstrate floor recovery techniques, and manage community navigation in line with program fidelity. A descriptive survey assessed program outcomes. Students participated in a follow-up focus group to discuss perspectives on their role in the program. One hundred and seventeen community-dwelling older adults (mean age: 75.2 ± 8.5) completed the program. Participants who lived alone were likely to limit their activities because of fear of falling (p = .045). Following SO most subjects (87.7%) described having a better understanding of falls and their causes, with a plan to arise from the floor (82.6%). Focus group themes underscored students' opportunity to facilitate, reinforce safety during mobility activities, and motivate participants. Furthermore, an increased awareness of other professions' contribution to fall prevention was noted. Following a community fall prevention program, older adults have a better understanding of fall prevention and plan for floor recovery. In turn, student coaching skills are reinforced.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Klima
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Maryland Hazel Hall, Maryland, USA
| | - Nathan Austin
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Maryland Hazel Hall, Maryland, USA
| | - Katherine Avila
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Maryland Hazel Hall, Maryland, USA
| | - Aspen Savoy
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Maryland Hazel Hall, Maryland, USA
| | - Nicholas Rhoten
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Maryland Hazel Hall, Maryland, USA
| | - Emily Wehland
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Maryland Hazel Hall, Maryland, USA
| | - Jessica Weimert
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Maryland Hazel Hall, Maryland, USA
| | - Jesstine Wolfe
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Maryland Hazel Hall, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Valdés-Badilla P, Ramirez-Campillo R, Herrera-Valenzuela T, Branco BHM, Guzmán-Muñoz E, Mendez-Rebolledo G, Concha-Cisternas Y, Hernandez-Martínez J. Effectiveness of Olympic Combat Sports on Balance, Fall Risk or Falls in Older Adults: A Systematic Review. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11010074. [PMID: 35053071 PMCID: PMC8773029 DOI: 10.3390/biology11010074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The regular practice of physical activity has achieved greater diffusion in recent years as a strategy for fall prevention and improving or maintaining the general health status of older adults, which contributes to an active and healthy lifestyle. The strategies to promote active and healthy aging need to be reassessed due to the COVID-19 pandemic to promote the safe practice of physical activity among older adults, considering, among other measures, practicing social distancing or training at home. Such a scenario could provide the opportunity to promote physical activity that requires a limited number of participants in reduced spaces for its practice, such as Olympic combat sports. In this review, an overview of the effects of Olympic combat sports on balance, fall risk, or falls in older adults is presented. From 1496 records, eight studies were included, involving 322 older adults (64% female; mean age = 71.1 years). The available evidence does not allow a definitive recommendation for or against Olympic combat sports interventions as an effective strategy to improve balance and reduce the fall risk or falls in older adults. Therefore, more high-quality studies are required to draw definitive conclusions. Abstract This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the available body of published peer-reviewed articles related to the effects of Olympic combat sports (OCS), compared with active/passive controls, on balance, fall risk, or falls in older adults. The TESTEX and GRADE scales assessed the methodological quality and certainty of the evidence. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (code: CRD42020204034). From 1496 records, eight studies were included, involving 322 older adults (64% female; mean age = 71.1 years). The TESTEX scale revealed all studies with a score ≥ 60% (moderate-high quality). The GRADE scale indicated all studies with at least some concerns, up to a high risk of bias (i.e., was rated very low). Meta-analyses were planned, although the reduced number of studies precluded its incorporation in the final manuscript. Only two from six studies that assessed balance found improvements after OCS compared to controls. No differences were found between OCS vs. control groups for fall risk or falls. The available evidence does not allow a definitive recommendation for or against OCS interventions as an effective strategy to improve balance and reduce the fall risk or falls in older adults. Therefore, more high-quality studies are required to draw definitive conclusions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Valdés-Badilla
- Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Faculty of Education Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3530000, Chile
- Escuela de Educación, Universidad Viña del Mar, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile
- Correspondence:
| | - Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo
- Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Universidad de Los Lagos, Santiago 5290000, Chile;
- Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Laboratory, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370035, Chile
| | - Tomás Herrera-Valenzuela
- Department of Physical Activity, Sports and Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 8370003, Chile;
| | | | - Eduardo Guzmán-Muñoz
- Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tomás, Talca 110231, Chile; (E.G.-M.); (G.M.-R.); (Y.C.-C.)
| | - Guillermo Mendez-Rebolledo
- Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tomás, Talca 110231, Chile; (E.G.-M.); (G.M.-R.); (Y.C.-C.)
| | - Yeny Concha-Cisternas
- Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tomás, Talca 110231, Chile; (E.G.-M.); (G.M.-R.); (Y.C.-C.)
- Pedagogía en Educación Física, Facultad de Educación, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca 3467987, Chile
| | | |
Collapse
|