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Mondal T, Choudhury M, Kundu D, Dutta D, Samanta P. Landfill: An eclectic review on structure, reactions and remediation approach. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 164:127-142. [PMID: 37054538 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Since the enactment of the Clean Water Act (1972), which was supplemented by increased accountability under Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) Subtitle D (1991) and the Clean Air Act Amendments (1996), landfills have indeed been widely used all around the world for treating various wastes. The landfill's biological and biogeochemical processes are believed to be originated about 2 to 4 decades ago. Scopus and web of Science based bibliometric study reveals that there are few papers available in scientific domain. Further, till today not a single paper demonstrated the detailed landfills heterogenicity, chemistry and microbiological processes and their associated dynamics in a combined approach. Accordingly, the paper addresses the recent applications of cutting-edge biogeochemical and biological methods adopted by different countries to sketch an emerging perspective of landfill biological and biogeochemical reactions and dynamics. Additionally, the significance of several regulatory factors controlling the landfill's biogeochemical and biological processes is highlighted. Finally, this article emphasizes the future opportunities for integrating advanced techniques to explain landfill chemistry explicitly. In conclusion, this paper will provide a comprehensive vision of the diverse dimensions of landfill biological and biogeochemical reactions and dynamics to the scientific world and policymakers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tridib Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Sukanta Mahavidyalaya, University of North Bengal, Dhupguri 735210, West Bengal, India
| | - Moharana Choudhury
- Environmental Research and Management Division, Voice of Environment (VoE), Guwahati - 781034, Assam, India.
| | - Debajyoti Kundu
- Waste Re-processing Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nehru Marg, Nagpur 440 020, India
| | - Deblina Dutta
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, SRM University-AP, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh 522 240, India
| | - Palas Samanta
- Department of Environmental Science, Sukanta Mahavidyalaya, University of North Bengal, Dhupguri 735210, West Bengal, India.
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Sadigh A, Fataei E, Arzanloo M, Imani AA. Bacteria bioaerosol in the indoor air of educational microenvironments: Measuring exposures and assessing health effects. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2021; 19:1635-1642. [PMID: 34900294 PMCID: PMC8617128 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-021-00719-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to bioaerosols has been identified to be linked the incidence of various health effects, i.e., infectious diseases, acute toxic effects, allergies, and cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the bacterial bioaerosols in the indoor air of the educational environments of Ardabil universities and to evaluate the exposure and to determine its health risk. In this cross-sectional study, different sections of the educational environments of Ardabil universities were studied. For differential diagnosis of bacteria, methods such as gram staining and biochemical detection methods including DNAse, catalase, oxidase, coagulase, bile esculin hydrolysis test, urease, citrate test, antibiotic resistance to novobiocin and Bacitracin, optochin, glucose uptake, and other differential tests were used. For sampling, a single-stage Anderson sampler was used at a flow rate of 28.3 l at a duration of 10 min per minute. The results showed that, in medical school of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, the average concentration of bacteria in the outdoor air of school, halls, classes and rooms of professors and staff were 18, 88.4, 76.6, and 77.4 CFU/m3, respectively, and, in Ardabil Islamic Azad University, the average bacterial concentration was 103, 97, 124, and 132 CFU/m3 in the outdoor air of the schools, halls, classrooms, and rooms of professors and staff, respectively. The predominant bacterial species in indoor air are S. aureus, S. epidermidis, Actinomycetes, and Bacillus, respectively. As results indicated, the concentration of bacterial bioaerosols in indoor air is within the standard levels, but due to frequency of bacterial species, occurrence of different in lung and intestinal diseases can be expected among faculty, staff and students in the long-term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anoshirvan Sadigh
- PhD Student in Environmental Science and Engineering-Environmental Pollution, Department of environment science and engineering, Ardabil branch, Islamic Azad university, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Fataei
- Department of Environment Science and engineering, Ardabil Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Mohsen Arzanloo
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Imani
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Ardabil Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil, Iran
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Seifi M, Yunesian M, Naddafi K, Nabizadeh R, Dobaradaran S, Ziyarati MT, Nazmara S, Yekaninejad MS, Mahvi AH. Exposure to ambient air pollution and socio-economic status on intelligence quotient among schoolchildren in a developing country. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 29:2024-2034. [PMID: 34355328 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15827-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Evidence suggests the association between ambient airborne particulate matters and children's IQ and psychological development in the early stages of life. However, data on the relationship between ambient air particulate matters and children's IQ are rare in developing countries and less privileged areas. In this study, the association between PM10 and PM2.5 and the IQ of children in different areas were investigated in terms of pollution levels. In 2019, 369 children between the ages of 6 and 8 years old were randomly selected in three regions of southern Iran after screening through a questionnaire. In this study, PM10 and PM2.5 were determined using a direct reading device. IQ was surveyed according to Raymond B. Cattell scale I-A. The confounder factors including age, gender, economic conditions, maternal education, and type of delivery were adjusted. The average PM10 in areas with low, medium, and high pollution levels were measured to be 59.14±25.24 μg/m3, 89.7±37.34 μg/m3, and 121.44±43.49 μg/m3, respectively, while PM2.5 were found to be 38.97±16.87 μg/m3, 58±23.94 μg/m3, and 84.18±31.32 μg/m3, respectively. The IQ of children in the area with a high pollution was 16.628 lower than that in the area with low pollution (β= 16.628; [95% CI: 13.295 to 19.96]; P ≤ 0.0001). In addition, IQ in the area with high pollution level was found to be 7.48 lower than that in moderate pollution. ( β= 7.489; [95% CI: 4.109 to 10.870]; P ≤ 0.0001). Exposure to increased PM10 and PM2.5 is associated with decreased IQ in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Seifi
- School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Masud Yunesian
- School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Kazem Naddafi
- School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Nabizadeh
- School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Sina Dobaradaran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Mahdi Tanha Ziyarati
- Department of Environmental Protection, Pars Special Economic Energy Zone (PSEEZ), National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC), Assaluyeh, Iran
| | - Shahrokh Nazmara
- School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Amir Hossein Mahvi
- School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Center for Solid Waste Research (CSWR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Science (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
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Liu J, Yue P, Zang N, Lu C, Chen X. Removal of odors and VOCs in municipal solid waste comprehensive treatment plants using a novel three-stage integrated biofilter: Performance and bioaerosol emissions. FRONTIERS OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2021; 15:48. [PMID: 33996175 PMCID: PMC8109218 DOI: 10.1007/s11783-021-1421-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A novel three-stage integrated biofilter (TSIBF) composed of acidophilic bacteria reaction segment (ABRS), fungal reaction segment (FRS) and heterotrophic bacteria reaction segment (HBRS) was constructed for the treatment of odors and volatile organic compounds (VOCs)from municipal solid waste (MSW) comprehensive treatment plants. The performance, counts of predominant microorganisms, and bioaerosol emissions of a full-scale TSIBF system were studied. High and stable removal efficiencies of hydrogen sulfide, ammonia and VOCs could be achieved with the TSIBF system, and the emissions of culturable heterotrophic bacteria, fungi and acidophilic sulfur bacteria were relatively low. The removal efficiencies of different odors and VOCs, emissions of culturable microorganisms, and types of predominant microorganisms were different in the ABRS, FRS and HBRS due to the differences in reaction conditions and mass transfer in each segment. The emissions of bioaerosols from the TSIBF depended on the capture of microorganisms and their volatilization from the packing. The rational segmentation, filling of high-density packings and the accumulation of the predominant functional microorganisms in each segment enhanced the capture effect of the bioaerosols, thus reducing the emissions of microorganisms from the bioreactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Liu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Sewage System Construction and Risk Control, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044 China
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044 China
| | - Peng Yue
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Sewage System Construction and Risk Control, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044 China
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044 China
| | - Nana Zang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Sewage System Construction and Risk Control, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044 China
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044 China
| | - Chen Lu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Sewage System Construction and Risk Control, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044 China
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044 China
| | - Xinyue Chen
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Sewage System Construction and Risk Control, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044 China
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044 China
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Characteristics and health effects of potentially pathogenic bacterial aerosols from a municipal solid waste landfill site in Hamadan, Iran. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2021; 19:1057-1067. [PMID: 34150294 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-021-00672-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential pathogenic bacterial aerosols produced from the municipal solid waste landfill site and its health risk assessment in the Hamadan city at west of Iran. In this study, air samples were collected every month during spring and summer at six locations including the active zone, leachate collection pond, infectious waste landfill, upwind, closure landfill, and downwind using the Andersen impactor. Spatial and seasonal variations of the potential pathogenic bacterial aerosols were detected. Also, Health risk associated were estimated based on the average daily dose rates (ADD) of exposure by inhalation. The mean concentration of potentially pathogenic bacterial aerosols were 468.7 ± 140 CFU m- 3 1108.5 ± 136.9 CFU m- 3 detected in the active zone in spring and summer, respectively. Also, there was a significant relationship between meteorological parameters and bacterial concentration (p < 0.05). The predominant potential pathogenic bacterial identified in the spring were Proteus mirabilis, Streptococcus sp., and Pseudomonas sp., while in summer were Pseudomonas sp., Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli. The hazard quotient (HQ) in both seasons were less of 1. Bacteria were spread throughout the landfill space, but their maximum density was observed around the active zone and leachate collection pond. This study highlights the importance of exposure to potential pathogenic bacterial aerosols in the summer and its adverse effects, especially in the MSW landfill site active zone. Finally, controlled exposure can reduce the health hazard caused by the potential pathogenic bacterial aerosols.
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