Orbital fracture repair with methylmethacrylate implants

Complications and toxicities of implantable biomaterials used in facial reconstructive and aesthetic surgery: a comprehensive review of the literature

The use of implantable biomaterials has become an integral part of aesthetic and reconstructive surgery of the face. Metals are used for fracture fixation devices, whereas polymers are used primarily for bone or soft-tissue substitution. This review of the scientific literature examines the risks and complications of these materials. First, we present an overview of commonly used materials. Second, we address general considerations of toxicity relevant to all biomaterials. Third, we present data from a large number of clinical series on the incidence of complications for individual materials used in specific applications.

Orbital floor fractures and their treatment

Orbital floor fractures can occur with or without any associated fractures of the middle third of the facial skeleton. Fifty-one patients with a unilateral "black eye" after motor vehicle accidents were reviewed. The fractures involving the orbital floor were analysed. The clinical signs and symptoms, with results of radiological examination, are discussed. The various treatment modalities and their postoperative complications are discussed.

Comparative biologic responses to various methyl methacrylate bone substitutes

Four methyl methacrylate bone substitutes were investigated in bilateral multiple bone defects in the femurs of five rhesus monkeys and five mongrel dogs. The animals were sacrificed at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 weeks postoperatively. On the basis of clinical, radiologic, and histologic examination, the Cranioplast evoked the least severe inflammatory response ans was the best biologic bone substitute when compared to Adaptic, Sevitron, and Lucitone.