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Chekol F, Mehretie S, Hailu FA, Tolcha T, Megersa N, Admassie S. Roll‐to‐Roll printed PEDOT/PSS/GO Plastic Film for Electrochemical Determination of Carbofuran. ELECTROANAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201800883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fekadu Chekol
- Department of ChemistryAddis Ababa University P.O. Box 1176 Addis Ababa Ethiopia
| | - Solomon Mehretie
- Department of ChemistryAddis Ababa University P.O. Box 1176 Addis Ababa Ethiopia
| | - Fitsum Addis Hailu
- Material Science programAddis Ababa University P.O. Box 1176 Addis Ababa Ethiopia
| | - Teshome Tolcha
- Department of ChemistryAddis Ababa University P.O. Box 1176 Addis Ababa Ethiopia
| | - Negussie Megersa
- Department of ChemistryAddis Ababa University P.O. Box 1176 Addis Ababa Ethiopia
| | - Shimelis Admassie
- Department of ChemistryAddis Ababa University P.O. Box 1176 Addis Ababa Ethiopia
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2
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Rahmani T, Bagheri H, Behbahani M, Hajian A, Afkhami A. Modified 3D Graphene-Au as a Novel Sensing Layer for Direct and Sensitive Electrochemical Determination of Carbaryl Pesticide in Fruit, Vegetable, and Water Samples. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-018-1280-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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3
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Salih FE, Achiou B, Ouammou M, Bennazha J, Ouarzane A, Younssi SA, El Rhazi M. Electrochemical sensor based on low silica X zeolite modified carbon paste for carbaryl determination. J Adv Res 2017; 8:669-676. [PMID: 28948047 PMCID: PMC5602751 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
A new and simple approach for carbaryl determination in natural sample was proposed using Low Silica X (LSX) zeolite modified carbon paste electrode. LSX zeolite with a porous structure was incorporated into carbon paste electrode in the appropriate portion. The prepared electrode was then characterized using scanning electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Various experimental parameters as the zeolite amounts, pH, accumulation time, and differential pulse voltammetric parameters were optimized. Under optimal conditions, a linear response was obtained in the range of 1-100 µM of carbaryl using differential pulse voltammetry with detection limit of 0.3 µM (S/N = 3). The sensors showed good selectivity, stability, and reproducibility and has been successfully applied for detection of carbaryl in tomato samples with good recoveries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mama El Rhazi
- Laboratory of Materials, Membranes and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, University Hassan II of Casablanca, BP 146, Mohammedia 20650, Morocco
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Selva TMG, Paixão TRLCD. Boron-doped diamond as a sensor for the classification of carbamate pesticides using a chemometric approach. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj03524d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical sensor for the classification of carbamate pesticides.
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5
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Lin MS, Wang JS, Chen PY, Yeh HH. Improvement of Pulse Amperometric Detection Integrated Automated Flow Injection Analysis of Ethylenethiourea Determination. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.200400187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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6
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Mwila K, Burton MH, Van Dyk JS, Pletschke BI. The effect of mixtures of organophosphate and carbamate pesticides on acetylcholinesterase and application of chemometrics to identify pesticides in mixtures. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2013; 185:2315-2327. [PMID: 22684846 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-012-2711-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2011] [Accepted: 05/28/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Organophosphate (OP) and carbamate (CP) pesticides act by the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). This enables the use of this enzyme for the detection of these pesticides in the environment. While many studies have looked at the effect of single pesticides on AChE, the effect of mixtures of pesticides still requires extensive investigation. This is important to evaluate the cumulative risk in the case of simultaneous exposure to multiple pesticides. Therefore we examined the effect of five different pesticides (carbaryl, carbofuran, parathion, demeton-S-methyl, and aldicarb) on AChE activity to determine whether combinations had an additive, synergistic, or antagonistic inhibitory effect. Results indicated that the mixtures had an additive inhibitory effect on AChE activity. The data from the assays of the mixtures were used to develop and train an artificial neural network (ANN) which was then utilised successfully for the identification of pesticides and their concentrations in mixtures. This study is significant because it evaluated mixtures of OPs and CPs where previous studies focused on either OPs or CPs. Previous studies have only examined up to three pesticides while this study evaluated mixtures of five pesticides simultaneously. This is also the first study where an ANN was able to utilise data from the inhibition of a single enzyme to differentiate five different pesticides and their concentrations from mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Mwila
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Rhodes University, PO Box 94, Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa
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7
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Hu X, Wang C. Hydrogen peroxide sensor based on a stainless steel electrode coated with multi-walled carbon nanotubes modified with magnetite nanoparticles. Mikrochim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-012-0899-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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8
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Construction of a chemically modified electrode for the selective determination of nitrite and nitrate ions based on a new nanocomposite. Electrochim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.01.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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9
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Azab HA, Duerkop A, Mogahed EM, Awad FK, Abd El Aal RM, Kamel RM. Fluorescence and Electrochemical Sensing of Pesticides Methomyl, Aldicarb and Prometryne by the Luminescent Europium-3-Carboxycoumarin Probe. J Fluoresc 2011; 22:659-76. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-011-1002-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2011] [Accepted: 10/14/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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10
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Fenoll J, Hellín P, Martínez CM, Flores P, Navarro S. Determination of 48 pesticides and their main metabolites in water samples by employing sonication and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Talanta 2011; 85:975-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2011] [Revised: 05/04/2011] [Accepted: 05/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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11
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Liang F, Liu B, Deng Y, Yang S, Sun C. Preparation and characterization of attapulgite-silver nanocomposites, and their application to the electrochemical determination of nitrobenzene. Mikrochim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-011-0647-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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12
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Van Dyk JS, Pletschke B. Review on the use of enzymes for the detection of organochlorine, organophosphate and carbamate pesticides in the environment. CHEMOSPHERE 2011; 82:291-307. [PMID: 21055790 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2010] [Revised: 10/05/2010] [Accepted: 10/11/2010] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are released intentionally into the environment and, through various processes, contaminate the environment. Three of the main classes of pesticides that pose a serious problem are organochlorines, organophosphates and carbamates. While pesticides are associated with many health effects, there is a lack of monitoring data on these contaminants. Traditional chromatographic methods are effective for the analysis of pesticides in the environment, but have limitations and prevent adequate monitoring. Enzymatic methods have been promoted for many years as an alternative method of detection of these pesticides. The main enzymes that have been utilised in this regard have been acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, alkaline phosphatase, organophosphorus hydrolase and tyrosinase. The enzymatic methods are based on the activation or inhibition of the enzyme by a pesticide which is proportional to the concentration of the pesticide. Research on enzymatic methods of detection, as well as some of the problems and challenges associated with these methods, is extensively discussed in this review. These methods can serve as a tool for screening large samples which can be followed up with the more traditional chromatographic methods of analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Susan Van Dyk
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
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Al-Degs YS, Al-Ghouti MA, El-Sheikh AH. Simultaneous determination of pesticides at trace levels in water using multiwalled carbon nanotubes as solid-phase extractant and multivariate calibration. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2009; 169:128-135. [PMID: 19395164 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.03.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2008] [Revised: 01/06/2009] [Accepted: 03/16/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The application of solid-phase extraction with multivariate calibration for simultaneous determination of three toxic pesticides in tap and reservoir waters was presented. The proposed analytical method was used for the determination of atrazine, methidathion, and propoxur in complex water samples without the need for chromatographic separation. Among the applied multivariate calibration methods, partial least squares (PLS-1) method was found the most effective for pesticides quantification. Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) adsorbent showed a perfect extraction/preconcentration of pesticides present at trace levels. The experimental factors that affect pesticides extraction by MWCNTs adsorbent such as sample volume, eluent volume, solution pH, and extraction flow rate were studied and optimized. The figures of merit of the proposed method were: limits of detection 3, 2, and 3 microg l(-1) and linear ranges 5-30, 3-60, and 5-40 microg l(-1) for atrazine, methidathion, and propoxur, respectively. A good precision was reported for the method, R.S.D. values were always less than 5.0%. Satisfactory results were reported for simultaneous determination of trace levels of pesticides in complex matrices. In tap water, the percent recoveries for pesticides were extended from 95 to 104% and R.S.D. from 1 to 3%, while lower recoveries were observed in reservoir water: 84-93% (R.S.D.: 1-3). Although the pesticides can be accurately quantified by SPE and liquid chromatography, SPE-PLS-1 method was found simpler and operated at lower running costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahya S Al-Degs
- Chemistry Department, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan.
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El Mhammedi MA, Achak M, Bakasse M, Chtaini A. Electrochemical determination of para-nitrophenol at apatite-modified carbon paste electrode: application in river water samples. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2009; 163:323-8. [PMID: 18774219 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.06.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2008] [Revised: 06/24/2008] [Accepted: 06/25/2008] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The behavior of a modified carbon paste electrode (CPE) for para-nitrophenol detection by cyclic and square wave voltammetry (SWV) was studied. The electrode was built by incorporating the hydroxyapatite (HAP) to carbon paste. The overall analysis involved a two-step procedure: an accumulation step at open circuit, followed by medium exchange to a pure electrolyte solution for the voltammetric quantification. During the preconcentration step, para-nitrophenol was adsorbed onto hydroxyapatite surface. The influence of various experimental parameters on the HAP-CPE response was investigated (i.e. pH, carbon paste composition, accumulation time). Under the optimized conditions, the reduction peak shows that the peak height was found to be directly proportional to the para-nitrophenol concentration in the range comprised between 2x10(-7) mol L(-1) and 1x10(-4) mol L(-1). With this, it was possible to determine detection limit (DL), which resulted in 8x10(-9) mol L(-1) for peak 1. The proposed electrode (HAP-CPE) presented good repeatability, evaluated in term of relative standard deviation (R.S.D.=2.87%) for n=7 and was applied for para-nitrophenol determination in water samples. The average recovery for these samples was 86.2%.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A El Mhammedi
- Equipe d'Electrochimie et des Matériaux Inorganiques, Université Sultan Moulay Slimane, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, BP 523, Beni-Mellal, Morocco.
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15
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Cauchi M, Bessant C, Setford S. Simultaneous Quantitative Determination of Cadmium, Lead, and Copper on Carbon-Ink Screen-Printed Electrodes by Differential Pulse Anodic Stripping Voltammetry and Partial Least Squares Regression. ELECTROANAL 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200804363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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16
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Ni Y, Kokot S. Does chemometrics enhance the performance of electroanalysis? Anal Chim Acta 2008; 626:130-46. [PMID: 18790114 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2008.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2008] [Revised: 08/12/2008] [Accepted: 08/13/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This review explores the question whether chemometrics methods enhance the performance of electroanalytical methods. Electroanalysis has long benefited from the well-established techniques such as potentiometric titrations, polarography and voltammetry, and the more novel ones such as electronic tongues and noses, which have enlarged the scope of applications. The electroanalytical methods have been improved with the application of chemometrics for simultaneous quantitative prediction of analytes or qualitative resolution of complex overlapping responses. Typical methods include partial least squares (PLS), artificial neural networks (ANNs), and multiple curve resolution methods (MCR-ALS, N-PLS and PARAFAC). This review aims to provide the practising analyst with a broad guide to electroanalytical applications supported by chemometrics. In this context, after a general consideration of the use of a number of electroanalytical techniques with the aid of chemometrics methods, several overviews follow with each one focusing on an important field of application such as food, pharmaceuticals, pesticides and the environment. The growth of chemometrics in conjunction with electronic tongue and nose sensors is highlighted, and this is followed by an overview of the use of chemometrics for the resolution of complicated profiles for qualitative identification of analytes, especially with the use of the MCR-ALS methodology. Finally, the performance of electroanalytical methods is compared with that of some spectrophotometric procedures on the basis of figures-of-merit. This showed that electroanalytical methods can perform as well as the spectrophotometric ones. PLS-1 appears to be the method of practical choice if the %relative prediction error of approximately +/-10% is acceptable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongnian Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China.
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Adsorptive stripping square wave voltammetry (Ad-SSWV) accomplished with second-order multivariate calibration. Anal Chim Acta 2008; 618:131-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2008.04.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2008] [Revised: 04/16/2008] [Accepted: 04/22/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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18
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Wei H, Sun JJ, Wang YM, Li X, Chen GN. Rapid hydrolysis and electrochemical detection of trace carbofuran at a disposable heated screen-printed carbon electrode. Analyst 2008; 133:1619-24. [DOI: 10.1039/b806750c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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19
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ZHAO GH, TANG YT, LIU MC, LEI YZ, XIAO XE. Direct and Simultaneous Determination of Phenol, Hydroquinone and Nitrophenol at Boron-Doped Diamond Film Electrode. CHINESE J CHEM 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.200790267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Díaz TG, Guiberteau A, Salinas F, Ortiz JM. Rapid and Sensitive Determinations of Carbaryl, Carbofuran and Fenobucarb by Liquid Chromatography with Electrochemical Detection. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/10826079608014048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Galeano Díaz
- a Departamento de Química Analítica , Universidad de Extremadura , 06071, Badajoz, Spain
| | - A. Guiberteau
- a Departamento de Química Analítica , Universidad de Extremadura , 06071, Badajoz, Spain
| | - F. Salinas
- a Departamento de Química Analítica , Universidad de Extremadura , 06071, Badajoz, Spain
| | - J. M. Ortiz
- a Departamento de Química Analítica , Universidad de Extremadura , 06071, Badajoz, Spain
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Barroso MF, Vaz MCVF, Sales MGF, Paíga P, Delerue‐Matos C. Electroanalytical Study of the Pesticide Ethiofencarb. ANAL LETT 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00032710600755827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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22
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Akhond M, Tashkhourian J, Hemmateenejad B. Simultaneous determination of ascrobic, citric, and tartaric acids by potentiometric titration with PLS calibration. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2006. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934806080168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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23
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Codognoto L, Tanimoto S, Pedrosa V, Suffredini H, Machado S, Avaca L. Electroanalytical Determination of Carbaryl in Natural Waters on Boron Doped Diamond Electrode. ELECTROANAL 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200503396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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24
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Ni Y, Qiu P, Kokot S. Simultaneous voltammetric determination of four carbamate pesticides with the use of chemometrics. Anal Chim Acta 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2004.12.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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25
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Garrido EM, Delerue‐Matos C, Lima JLFC, Brett AMO. Electrochemical Methods in Pesticides Control. ANAL LETT 2004. [DOI: 10.1081/al-120039425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Ni Y, Qiu P, Kokot S. Simultaneous determination of three organophosphorus pesticides by differential pulse stripping voltammetry and chemometrics. Anal Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2004.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Rao TN, Loo BH, Sarada BV, Terashima C, Fujishima A. Electrochemical detection of carbamate pesticides at conductive diamond electrodes. Anal Chem 2002; 74:1578-83. [PMID: 12033247 DOI: 10.1021/ac010935d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Conductive boron-doped diamond thin-film electrodes were used for the electrochemical detection of selected N-methylcarbamate pesticides (carbaryl, carbofuran, methyl 2-benzimidazolecarbamate, bendiocarb) after liquid chromatographic separation. Two kinds of detection methods were adopted in this study. In the first method, a direct detection of underivatized pesticides was carried out at an operating potential of 1.45 V versus Ag/AgCl, which resulted in the detection limits of 5-20 ng/mL (or 5-20 ppb) with S/N = 2 due to the low background current and wide potential window of the diamond electrode. In the second method, the detection limits were improved by subjecting the pesticide samples to alkaline hydrolysis in a separate step prior to injection. The phenolic derivatives obtained by alkaline hydrolysis oxidize at a relatively lower potential (0.9 V vs Ag/AgCl), which increases the sensitivity drastically. The advantage of the diamond electrode for the detection of phenolic derivatives is that it offers excellent stability in comparison to other electrodes. This method gives the detection limits of 0.6-1 ng/mL (or 0.6-1 ppb), which are well below the maximum residue levels allowed for carbaryl, carbofuran, and bendiocarb. While the lowest detection limits (LOD) obtained by the direct detection of pesticides are comparable to the those reported by the well-established HPLC-fluorescence, the LODs of the alkaline hydrolysis method are found to be even lower than the reported limits. On-line reactivation of the diamond electrode surface was shown to be possible by an anodic treatment of the electrode at approximately 3 V for 30 min in case of electrode fouling, which may occur after a prolonged use. Such a treatment damages the glassy carbon (GC) and metal electrodes, while the diamond electrode remains stable. These results suggest that the diamond electrode is superior to the other previously used electrodes such as GC and Kelgraf type for highly sensitive and stable detection of carbamate pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tata N Rao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Japan
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28
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Voltammetric determination of chlorpromazine hydrochloride and promethazine hydrochloride with the use of multivariate calibration. Anal Chim Acta 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(01)01038-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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29
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Ni Y, Wang L, Kokot S. Simultaneous determination of nitrobenzene and nitro-substituted phenols by differential pulse voltammetry and chemometrics. Anal Chim Acta 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(00)01319-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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30
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Voltammetric determination of butylated hydroxyanisole, butylated hydroxytoluene, propyl gallate and tert-butylhydroquinone by use of chemometric approaches. Anal Chim Acta 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(00)00720-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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31
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Gou Y, Eisert R, Pawliszyn J. Automated in-tube solid-phase microextraction-high-performance liquid chromatography for carbamate pesticide analysis. J Chromatogr A 2000; 873:137-47. [PMID: 10757292 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(99)01125-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In-tube solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is an automated version of SPME that can be easily coupled to a conventional HPLC autosampler for on-line sample preparation, separation and quantitation. It has been termed "in-tube" SPME because the extraction phase is coated inside a section of fused-silica tubing rather than coated on the surface of a fused-silica rod as in the conventional syringe-like SPME device. The new in-tube SPME technique has been demonstrated as a very efficient extraction method for the analysis of polar and thermally labile analytes. The in-tube SPME-HPLC method used with the FAMOS autosampler from LC Packings was developed for detecting polar carbamate pesticides in clean water samples. The main parameters relating to the extraction and desorption processes of in-tube SPME (selection of coatings, aspirate/dispense steps, selection of the desorption solvents, and the efficiency of desorption solvent, etc.) were investigated. The method was evaluated according to the reproducibility, linear range and limit of detection. This method is simple, effective, reproducible and sensitive. The relative standard deviation for all the carbamates investigated was between 1.7 and 5.3%. The method showed good linearity between 5 and 10000 microg/l with correlation coefficients between 0.9824 and 0.9995. For the carbamates studied, the limits of detection observed are lower than or similar to that of US Environmental Protection Agency or National Pesticide Survey methods. Detection of carbaryl present in clean water samples at 1 microg/l is possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Gou
- Guelph-Waterloo Centre for Graduate Work in Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
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Saurina J, Hernández-Cassou S, Fàbregas E, Alegret S. Cyclic voltammetric simultaneous determination of oxidizable amino acids using multivariate calibration methods. Anal Chim Acta 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(99)00710-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Cabanillas AG, Díaz TG, Salinas F, Ortiz JM, Kauffmann JM. Differential pulse voltammetric determination of fenobucarb at the glassy carbon electrode, after its alkaline hydrolysis to a phenolic product. ELECTROANAL 1997. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.1140091218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Ferré J, Boqué R, Fernández-Band B, Larrechi M, Rius F. Figures of merit in multivariate calibration. Determination of four pesticides in water by flow injection analysis and spectrophotometric detection. Anal Chim Acta 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(97)00156-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Yang SS, Goldsmith AI, Smetena I. Recent advances in the residue analysis of N-methylcarbamate pesticides. J Chromatogr A 1996; 754:3-16. [PMID: 8997721 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(96)00203-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
This paper highlights recent advances in the determination of methylcarbamate residues in water, soil and plant tissues. Chromatographic analyses (e.g., HPLC, GC, supercritical fluid chromatography and TLC) with various sample pretreatment procedures and detection methods are reviewed. More generally, some non-chromatographic techniques such as immunoassay, biosensor and spectrophotometry are included.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Yang
- Research Center, Philip Morris USA, Richmond, VA 23261, USA
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Martínez R, Gonzalo E, Santiago Toribio M, Méndez J. Determination of triazines in surface waters by membrane separation coupled on-line to a flow-injection system and partial least squares regression. Anal Chim Acta 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0003-2670(95)00567-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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