2
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Plewe MB, Butler SL, R. Dress K, Hu Q, Johnson TW, Kuehler JE, Kuki A, Lam H, Liu W, Nowlin D, Peng Q, Rahavendran SV, Tanis SP, Tran KT, Wang H, Yang A, Zhang J. Azaindole Hydroxamic Acids are Potent HIV-1 Integrase Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2009; 52:7211-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jm900862n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael B. Plewe
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, La Jolla Laboratories, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121
| | - Scott L. Butler
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, Ramsgate Road, Sandwich, Kent CT13 9NJ, U.K
| | - Klaus R. Dress
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, La Jolla Laboratories, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121
| | - Qiyue Hu
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, La Jolla Laboratories, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121
| | - Ted W. Johnson
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, La Jolla Laboratories, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121
| | - Jon E. Kuehler
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, La Jolla Laboratories, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121
| | - Atsuo Kuki
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, La Jolla Laboratories, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121
| | - Hieu Lam
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, La Jolla Laboratories, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121
| | - Wen Liu
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, La Jolla Laboratories, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121
| | - Dawn Nowlin
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, La Jolla Laboratories, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121
| | - Qinghai Peng
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, La Jolla Laboratories, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121
| | - Sadayappan V. Rahavendran
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, La Jolla Laboratories, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121
| | - Steven P. Tanis
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, La Jolla Laboratories, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121
| | - Khanh T. Tran
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, La Jolla Laboratories, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121
| | - Hai Wang
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, La Jolla Laboratories, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121
| | - Anle Yang
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, La Jolla Laboratories, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121
| | - Junhu Zhang
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, La Jolla Laboratories, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121
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Tamura N, Aoki K, Lee MS. Selective reactivities of isocyanates towards DNA bases and genotoxicity of methylcarbamoylation of DNA. Mutat Res 1992; 283:97-106. [PMID: 1381495 DOI: 10.1016/0165-7992(92)90140-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The reactivities of methyl isocyanate (MIC) and phenyl isocyanate (PIC) with DNA, and the genotoxicity of MIC were investigated. MIC and PIC reacted with the exocyclic amino group of deoxycytidine, deoxyadenosine and deoxyguanosine to produce carbamoylated products. The reactions of both isocyanates with deoxycytidine were 2 and 4 orders of magnitude higher than with deoxyadenosine and deoxyguanosine, respectively. To explore the genotoxicity of MIC, M13mp9 RF DNA was modified with MIC and then introduced into E. coli. The plaque-forming efficiencies of DNA decreased with increasing dose levels, and the decreases were more pronounced in Uvr endonuclease-deficient strains (uvrA, uvrB and uvrC) than in the Uvr endonuclease-proficient strain, JM103. The differences in survival in JM103 and uvr- strains suggest that the methylcarbonyl adducts can be removed by the uvr excision-repair system. Modification of M13mp9 RF DNA with MIC induced MIC-dose-related, SOS-dependent mutations in the beta-galactosidase locus. These results demonstrate the genotoxic response of MIC-modified DNA in E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Tamura
- Department of Chemical Carcinogenesis, Michigan Cancer Foundation, Detroit 48201
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Lee MS, Lin DP, Wang CY. Mutagenicity of the anticancer drug, caracemide, and related compounds for salmonella. Mutat Res 1986; 172:199-209. [PMID: 3537776 DOI: 10.1016/0165-1218(86)90057-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Caracemide, MeCON(CONHMe)(OCONHMe) (I), is a novel anticancer drug. Since it was derived from acetohydroxamic acid (II), a known mutagen, its potential metabolites and related compounds were synthesized and tested for mutagenicities in S. typhimurium TA98 and TA100. These compounds were: MeNHCONH(OCONHMe) (III), MeCONH(OCONHMe) (IV), MeCONOH(CONHMe) (V), MeNHCOONH2 X HCl (VI), MeNHCONHOH (VII), MeNHCOON(CONHMe)2 (VIII), and NOH(CONHMe)2 (IX). The mutagenicities in the absence of rat liver homogenate were: (VI) much greater than (IV) greater than (II), (III), (V). The other compounds were not mutagenic. (I) was mutagenic only in the presence of rat liver homogenate. The doses required to demonstrate mutagenicities of these compounds were from 0.05 to 5 mumoles/plate. The major hydrolytic products at 25 degrees C, pH 7, were (III), (IV), and (V) from (I); (II) and (III) from (IV); and (II), (III), (VII) and MeNHCONH(OCOMe) (X) from (V). (III) was stable at pH 7. Treatment of (IV) with HCl yielded (VI). Hydrolysis of (III) or (V) with ammonia yielded (VII). These results suggest that caracemide may be activated enzymatically or nonenzymatically by deacetylation or decarbamoylation, and its anticancer activity may be related to the reactivity of its metabolites with DNA. The synthetic procedures and characterizations of new compounds (IV), (V) and (X) are described.
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Lipczynska-Kochany E, Iwamura H, Takahashi K, Hakura A, Kawazoe Y. Mutagenicity of pyridine- and quinoline-carbohydroxamic acid derivatives. Mutat Res 1984; 135:139-48. [PMID: 6369125 DOI: 10.1016/0165-1218(84)90114-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
11 pyridine- and 6 quinoline-carbohydroxamic acids were tested for mutagenicity on Salmonella typhimurium TA100 and TA98. The results are compared with those obtained for benzohydroxamic acid and 4 naphthohydroxamic acids. Most of them were mutagenic on both these tester strains. Of the pyridine derivatives, pyridine-2-carbohydroxamic acid was the most potent mutagen. Quaternarization of the pyridine-ring nitrogen prevented the induction of mutation to a marked extent. Among the quinoline derivatives, quinoline-6-carbohydroxamic acid showed potent mutagenicity similar to that of 2-naphthohydroxamic acid. The present study supports the proposal made previously that the mechanism for mutagenicity of hydroxamic acids involves Lossen rearrangement of the acid conjugates produced by enzymic acylation (or perhaps phosphorylation or sulfation) of the hydroxamic acids, followed by carbamoylation of the target molecule in the cell by the resultant isocyanate. The multiplicity of factors determining the mutagenic potency of hydroxamic acids is discussed.
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