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Bennani Rtel M, Ternant D, Büchler M, El Hassouni M, Khabbal Y, Achour S, Sqalli T. Food and lipid intake alters the pharmacokinetics of cyclosporine in kidney transplants. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2020; 35:446-454. [PMID: 32734681 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Prevention of kidney graft rejection with cyclosporine leads to a large interindividual pharmacokinetic variability. However, food intake is likely to alter cyclosporine pharmacokinetics, and therefore its efficacy. The aim of our study was to evaluate the influence of food and lipid intake on cyclosporine pharmacokinetics. Twenty-four kidney grafted patients treated with Neoral® were included in this prospective monocentric study. In all patients, the pharmacokinetics of cyclosporine was evaluated in two occasions, after meal ('feed') and without meal ('fasting'). At each occasion, blood samples were collected at trough, and 0.5, 1, 2, 3, and 4 h after administration. Cyclosporine pharmacokinetics was described using a Bayesian pharmacokinetic model including two-compartments with first-order transfer and elimination rate constants, and a gamma absorption model. Influence of meal or olive oil, very common in Morocco, was tested as covariates on interoccasion variability parameters. Cyclosporine concentration-time data were satisfactorily described using the Bayesian pharmacokinetic model. Food intake significantly increased volume of distribution and decreased elimination of cyclosporine. The influence of oil intake explained a large part of this effect, suggesting that lipid intake was the main factor of pharmacokinetic variability due to food. This intake resulted in a decrease in area under the concentration curve between two administrations of 14.6%. Food, and especially lipid intake is likely to decrease the exposure to cyclosporine and may therefore lead to a decrease in treatment efficacy. Therefore, to ensure optimal immunosuppression in time, meal composition should remain as steady as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meriame Bennani Rtel
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie, Environnement, Agroalimentaire et Santé, Faculté Des Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Université Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, Fès, Morocco.,Laboratoire de Pharmaco-Toxicologie, CHU Hassan II, Fès, Morocco.,Equipe Science des Médicaments, Centre de Recherche Biomédicale et Translationnelle, Faculté de Médecine Agadir, Fès, Morocco
| | - David Ternant
- EA7501, Université de Tours, Tours, France.,Laboratoire de Pharmacologie-Toxicologie, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Matthias Büchler
- EA 3738 T2I, Université de Tours, Tours, France.,Service de Néphrologie, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Mohammed El Hassouni
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie, Environnement, Agroalimentaire et Santé, Faculté Des Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Université Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, Fès, Morocco
| | - Youssef Khabbal
- Equipe Science des Médicaments, Centre de Recherche Biomédicale et Translationnelle, Faculté de Médecine Agadir, Fès, Morocco
| | - Sanae Achour
- Laboratoire de Pharmaco-Toxicologie, CHU Hassan II, Fès, Morocco.,Equipe Science des Médicaments, Centre de Recherche Biomédicale et Translationnelle, Faculté de Médecine Agadir, Fès, Morocco
| | - Tarik Sqalli
- Service de Néphrologie, CHU Hassan II, Fès, Morocco
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Seto Y, Yoshihashi T, Tomonari M, To H. Absorption of glucosamine is improved by considering circadian rhythm and feeding time in rats. Chronobiol Int 2020; 37:1528-1537. [PMID: 32576047 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2020.1784189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Although many basic and clinical studies have shown that glucosamine (GlcN) improves osteoarthritis, it has not been widely used in the clinic because its bioavailability is only 6%. We investigated the influence of dosing-time factors, which influence pharmacokinetics and food intake in rats to improve its bioavailability. When GlcN was orally administered to rats housed under conditions of free access to food for 12 h or fasting conditions, no significant differences in GlcN concentration were observed in the rat plasma between the two groups. There were no significant differences in the plasma GlcN concentrations among the dosing-time groups when GlcN was orally administered at 4:00, 10:00, 16:00, or 22:00 h to rats. However, the plasma concentration in the fasted group was significantly higher than that in the fed group after GlcN was orally administered at 22:00 h in rats and the AUC of the fasted group was 1.7-fold higher than that of the fed group. In conclusion, the pharmacokinetics of GlcN was improved by considering not only food intake but also the circadian rhythm of its transporter, which is a major factor influencing pharmacokinetic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Seto
- Medical Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences for Research, University of Toyama , Toyama, Japan
| | - Takuya Yoshihashi
- Medical Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences for Research, University of Toyama , Toyama, Japan
| | - Mari Tomonari
- Medical Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences for Research, University of Toyama , Toyama, Japan
| | - Hideto To
- Medical Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences for Research, University of Toyama , Toyama, Japan
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Halder S, Suzuki H, Seto Y, Sato H, Onoue S. Megestrol acetate-loaded self-micellizing solid dispersion system for improved oral absorption and reduced food effect. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2018.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Vanhove T, Annaert P, Kuypers DRJ. Clinical determinants of calcineurin inhibitor disposition: a mechanistic review. Drug Metab Rev 2016; 48:88-112. [DOI: 10.3109/03602532.2016.1151037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Xu X, Gupta A, Faustino P, Sathe PM, Sayeed VA, Khan MA. Development and validation of a HPLC method for dissolution and stability assay of liquid-filled cyclosporine capsule drug products. AAPS PharmSciTech 2013; 14:959-67. [PMID: 23761263 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-013-9983-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2012] [Accepted: 05/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
To assay the dissolution samples of a drug product from several sources, a simple but broadly applicable analytical method is always desired. For the liquid-filled cyclosporine capsules, while analyzing the dissolution samples, the current compendial and literature HPLC methods have been found to be inadequate to provide satisfactory separation of the drug and the excipient peaks. Accordingly, a suitable isocratic reverse-phase HPLC method was developed for the analysis of dissolution samples of liquid-filled cyclosporine capsules. The method successfully separated the cyclosporine peak from the interfering chromatographic peaks of the excipients. The method was validated according to the ICH and FDA guidelines. Specificity, selectivity, linearity, accuracy, precision, and robustness were established over 3 days as part of method validation. Additionally, the degradation kinetics of cyclosporine in dissolution media was determined. Cyclosporine degradation followed a zero-order kinetics in the dissolution media with the respective rate constants of -3.5, -1.5, and -0.3%/h at 37°C, 25°C, and 10°C.
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Lee JH, Park YJ, Oh JH, Lee YJ. Decrease in gastrointestinal absorption of roxithromycin in bile duct cannulated rats due to depletion of bile salts. Biopharm Drug Dispos 2013; 34:360-4. [PMID: 23703541 DOI: 10.1002/bdd.1845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2012] [Revised: 04/11/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of bile salts on gastrointestinal absorption and the plasma second peak phenomenon of roxithromycin in rats. The pharmacokinetic parameters of roxithromycin were calculated after single oral administration at a dose of 20 mg/kg in sham-operated (control), bile duct cannulated (BDC) and bile salt co-administered bile duct cannulated (BSBDC) rats. In BDC rats, the total area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to time infinity (AUC0-∞) and the peak plasma concentration (Cmax) were significantly smaller (0.572-fold) and lower (0.412-fold), respectively, than those in the control rats. These values were recovered by co-administration of bile salt (0.831- and 0.828-fold for AUC0-∞ and Cmax compared with the control, respectively). Thus, the decreased absorption of roxithromycin in BDC rats could be due to a depletion of bile. The solubility of roxithromycin was 3.09-fold increased at 30 mm of sodium taurocholate. The oral dosage regimen of roxithromycin could be changed in patients with bile deficiency or when the drug is administered to individuals on a high-fat diet, if the present rat data can be extrapolated to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo Hyun Lee
- Division of Biopharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea
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McAnulty JF, Lensmeyer GL. Comparison of high performance liquid chromatography and immunoassay methods for measurement of cyclosporine A blood concentrations after feline kidney transplantation. Vet Surg 1998; 27:589-95. [PMID: 9845223 DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-950x.1998.tb00535.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare two methods of whole blood cyclosporine A (CsA) measurement in cats. STUDY DESIGN Whole blood samples were analyzed for CsA concentrations with use of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and monoclonal immunoassay methods. ANIMALS Blood (n = 36 samples) was obtained from six cats after renal transplantation. METHODS Results were compared by linear regression analysis using both pooled and individual patient data. Eight samples were off-scale on the immunoassay and were excluded. RESULTS There was significant correlation between CsA measured using HPLC and immunoassay methods (P < .001; r = .942; r2 = .887). However, individuals varied nonrandomly from the mean pooled patient data. Correlation between the assay methods was higher for individual patients using data only from that specific individual (mean r value = .976; r2 = .955). Clinical utility of the immunoassay (ie, results would prompt an appropriate CsA dosage adjustment) was good when based on individually derived conversion factors (27 of 28 [96.5%] of decision events). CONCLUSION HPLC is superior for measurement of blood CsA concentrations in cats after kidney transplantation. However, an immunoassay may provide reliable information for CsA management if a comparative database (HPLC v immunoassay) has been previously determined in a specific patient. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Locally available monitoring of CsA by immunoassay in cats may provide significant advantages when shipping of blood samples to distant locations is required to obtain analysis by HPLC. These advantages may include cost and timeliness of results in circumstances where daily blood CsA concentrations may be desired, such as when managing an acute rejection reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F McAnulty
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706, USA
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Johnston A, Keown PA, Holt DW. Simple bioequivalence criteria: are they relevant to critical dose drugs? Experience gained from cyclosporine. Ther Drug Monit 1997; 19:375-81. [PMID: 9263375 DOI: 10.1097/00007691-199708000-00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A critique of the current bioequivalence regulations is presented with reference to critical dose drugs. Using the development of a new cyclosporine formulation as an example, the deficiencies in current bioequivalence testing guidelines are examined and discussed. Based on the experience gained with cyclosporine, recommendations are made on how therapeutic equivalence, rather than just bioequivalence, should be established.
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Sketris I, Yatscoff R, Keown P, Canafax DM, First MR, Holt DW, Schroeder TJ, Wright M. Optimizing the use of cyclosporine in renal transplantation. Clin Biochem 1995; 28:195-211. [PMID: 7554239 DOI: 10.1016/0009-9120(95)91341-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the existing data on the use of cyclosporine (CsA) in kidney transplantation, particularly with respect to therapeutic drug monitoring. DATA SOURCES A literature search was conducted of applicable articles related to therapeutic drug monitoring of cyclosporine in renal transplantation. Previous consensus guidelines were examined. Discussions on issues related to this topic convened in Toronto, ON, on June 15-16, 1994. DATA SYNTHESIS The literature was analyzed to examine patient factors and drug interactions affecting CsA concentrations, the effect of CsA concentrations on patient outcome, current methods of analysis, pharmacodynamic monitoring, and new immunosuppressants. CONCLUSIONS CsA has improved the success of kidney transplantation, reducing the incidence and severity of acute rejection and improving short-term patient and graft survival. The rate of graft loss after the first year (primarily due to chronic rejection) has remained largely unchanged. Sandimmune Neoral offers promise due to its better bioavailability and limited dependence on bile flow for absorption. Long-term studies are underway to determine its effectiveness and safety. Indications for therapeutic drug monitoring for CsA are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Sketris
- College of Pharmacy, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
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Tan KK, Trull AK, Uttridge JA, Metcalfe S, Heyes CS, Facey S, Evans DB. Effect of dietary fat on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cyclosporine in kidney transplant recipients. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1995; 57:425-33. [PMID: 7712671 DOI: 10.1016/0009-9236(95)90212-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of dietary fat on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cyclosporine. METHODS Sixteen stable kidney transplants recipients (mean age, 50.4 years; age range, 19 to 63 years; six women) who were maintained on oral cyclosporine therapy were randomized to receive a high- or low-fat diet for periods of 7 days in a balanced crossover study. The crossover was separated by a 7-day washout period, when the usual diet was followed. Oral cyclosporine was taken once daily with breakfast. Twenty-four-hour pharmacokinetic studies were conducted during each dietary period on day 6 after oral cyclosporine and on day 7 after a 3-hour intravenous cyclosporine infusion (30% of oral dose). Sequential blood samples were also taken after the oral dose on day 6 for lymphocyte transformation studies. RESULTS The mean breakfast fat intake and total daily fat intake were 6.5 and 5.5 times higher, respectively, during the high-fat diet than during the low-fat diet. The bioavailability and clearance of cyclosporine were found to be significantly higher during the high-fat diet (p = 0.02 and p = 0.01, respectively). As a consequence, the area under the blood concentration-time curve (AUC) after the oral dose was not significantly different between the two diets. There were no significant differences in concanavalin A-stimulated proliferation of peripheral blood lymphocytes between the high- and low-fat diets. CONCLUSIONS An increased fat content of food significantly increases cyclosporine bioavailability and clearance. However, this is unlikely to be of clinical importance during oral administration because the AUC and pharmacodynamics of cyclosporine are not affected significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- K K Tan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, England
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Johnston TO, Katz SM. Special Considerations in the Transplant Patient Requiring Other Surgery. Surg Clin North Am 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/s0039-6109(16)46442-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Sketris IS, McAlister V, Wright MR. Increased cyclosporine bioavailability from a microemulsion formulation in a liver transplant recipient. Ann Pharmacother 1994; 28:962-3. [PMID: 7949523 DOI: 10.1177/106002809402800725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
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