Absence of cross-resistance to alkylating agents in cyclophosphamide-resistant L1210 leukemia

Early progression during or after cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone chemotherapy indicates poor outcome with rescue protocols in dogs with multicentric lymphoma

BACKGROUND

Dogs with lymphoma that fail cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone chemotherapy (CHOP) before completion of their protocol are commonly thought to have poor long-term outcome, but no previous studies have evaluated the effect of early relapse on progression-free interval (PFI) or overall survival time (OST) for patients undergoing rescue chemotherapy.

OBJECTIVE

Correlate rescue treatment outcomes in dogs with multicentric lymphoma with outcomes after 1st-line CHOP chemotherapy.

METHODS

Data were collected from 6 previous retrospective or prospective studies in 187 dogs with multicentric lymphoma that received 1st-line CHOP chemotherapy and then received either lomustine (CCNU), L-asparaginase and prednisone (LAP), or rabacfosadine (RAB, Tanovea), with or without prednisone or L-asparaginase.

RESULTS

The PFI after initiation of CHOP chemotherapy was significantly associated with response rate postprogression, PFI, and postrescue survival time (ST) for both rescue protocols. Immunophenotype (B- vs T-cell) was not significantly associated with response, PFI or OST for LAP but was significantly associated with response and PFI for RAB.

CONCLUSION

Dogs that experience short PFI during or after 1st-line CHOP chemotherapy had lower response rates to rescue treatment, with shorter PFI and ST. Immunophenotype did not significantly affect outcome with LAP but was associated with PFI for RAB.

Development and some characteristics of a P388 leukemia strain resistant to 1, 2:5, 6-dianhydrogalactitol

Repeated intraperitoneal treatment of standard P388 mouse leukemia with dianhydrogalactitol (DAG) resulted in the development of a P388/DAG experimental mouse tumor which was resistant to the drug. Resistance was stable without DAG treatment throughout 80 passages. P388/DAG shows cross-resistance to alkylating agents such as nitrogen-mustard, cyclophosphamide and diacetyl-DAG but not to selected antimetabolites and tubulin binders and exhibits reduced sensitivity to nitrosoureas. Resistance to DAG could not be overcome by the administration of maximally tolerated dose of DAG to tumor bearing mice. The resistant tumor is one chromosome short and shows a 13-fold increase of cells possessing a submetacentric marker chromosome.