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Frame KK, Hu WS. Kinetic study of hybridoma cell growth in continuous culture. I. A model for non-producing cells. Biotechnol Bioeng 2010; 37:55-64. [PMID: 18597307 DOI: 10.1002/bit.260370109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The kinetic behavior of a nonproducing hybridoma clone AFP-27-NP was investigated in continuous culture under glucose-limited conditions. A total of more than 21, 000 h of cultures were operated at dilution rates ranging from 0.01 to 0.06 h(-1). The viable cell concentrations, dead cell concentrations, and cell volumes all varied with the dilution rate. A steady-state model was developed based on the biomass concentration and the glucose concentration. The specific growth rate as a function of glucose concentration is described by a model similar to the Monod model with a threshold glucose concentration and a minimum specific growth rate incorporated; the model is meaningful only at glucose concentrations and specific growth rates above these levels. A death rate is included in the model which is described by an inverted Monod-type function of glucose concentration. The yield coefficient based on glucose is constant in the lower range of specific growth rates and changes to a new constant value in the upper region of specific growth rates. No maintenance term for glucose consumption was needed; in the plot of specific glucose consumption rate vs. specific growth rate, the line intercepted the specific growth rate axis at a value close to the minimum growth rate. The values for the model parameters were determined from regression analysis of the steady-state data. The model predictions and experimental results fit very well.
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Affiliation(s)
- K K Frame
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, USA
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Pirt MW, Pirt SJ. Photosynthetic production of biomass and starch by Chlorella in chemostat culture. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/jctb.5020270604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Hernandez E, Pirt SJ. Kinetics of utilisation of a highly polymerised carbon source (starch) in a chemostat culture of klebsiella aerogenes: Pullulanase and α-amylase activities. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/jctb.5020250408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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4
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Radlett PJ. The use of BHK suspension cells for the production of foot and mouth disease vaccines. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2005; 34:129-46. [PMID: 3039806 DOI: 10.1007/bfb0000677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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5
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Holmström B. Continuous flow cultures of a HeLa cell line as a basis for a steady supply ofRubellavirus. Biotechnol Bioeng 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.260100310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Parulekar SJ, Hassell T, Tripathi SC. Recent developments in vertebrate cell culture technology. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CYTOLOGY 1992; 142:145-211. [PMID: 1487395 DOI: 10.1016/s0074-7696(08)62076-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S J Parulekar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago 60616
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Miller WM, Blanch HW. Regulation of animal cell metabolism in bioreactors. BIOTECHNOLOGY (READING, MASS.) 1991; 17:119-61. [PMID: 2049537 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-409-90123-8.50012-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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8
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Tovey MG. The cultivation of animal cells in the chemostat: application to the study of tumor cell multiplication. Adv Cancer Res 1980; 33:1-37. [PMID: 6161528 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-230x(08)60667-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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9
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Katsuta H, Takaoka T, Ito H. Tapping culture--an improved method for cell suspension culture. IN VITRO 1979; 15:949-56. [PMID: 395103 DOI: 10.1007/bf02619154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A new culture vessel was designed for cell suspension culture. A silicone-covered magnet bar fixed by one end to the side wall of the bottle was held horizontally a short distance from the bottom. A standard type magnetic stirrer was used. In contrast to the conventional horizontal movement of "stirring" in cultures the bar moves vertically with a "tapping" motion. This improvement resulted in less cell injury, higher rate of cell proliferation and formation of fewer bubbles than in the conventional type. Nine cell types were simultaneously cultivated in tapping, stirring and stationary culture. All cell types proliferated more luxuriously in tapping cultures then in stirring cultures. Serial cultivation of cells in tapping cultures was also successful.
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Tovey MG, Brouty-Boyé D. The use of the chemostat to study the relationship between cell growth rate, viability, and the effect of interferon on L 1210 cells. Exp Cell Res 1979; 118:383-8. [PMID: 367800 DOI: 10.1016/0014-4827(79)90162-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Pirt MW, Pirt SJ. Photosynthetic production of biomass and starch byChlorella in chemostat culture. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1977. [DOI: 10.1002/jbt.2570270604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Schmialek P, Geyer A, Miosga V, Nündel M, Zapf B. An automatic apparatus for continuous suspension culture with a concentrating device. Biotechnol Bioeng 1976; 18:1497-1506. [PMID: 990426 DOI: 10.1002/bit.260181102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A chemostat in which mammalian cells can be raised in continuous suspension culture is described. It is constructed from commercially available parts. This apparatus has the advantage over earlier models in that the medium can be pumped off free of cells, thus suddenly increasing the cell concentration in the culture. The apparatus has been successfully used in studies on contact inhibition.
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Tovey M, Brouty-Boye D. Characteristics of the chemostat culture of murine leukemia L 1210 cells. Exp Cell Res 1976; 101:346-54. [PMID: 786703 DOI: 10.1016/0014-4827(76)90387-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Tovey M, Brouty-Boyé D, Gresser I. Early effect of interferon on mouse leukemia cells cultivated in a chemostat. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1975; 72:2265-9. [PMID: 1056030 PMCID: PMC432738 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.72.6.2265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mouse interferon preparations inhibited the multiplication of mouse leukemia L 1210 cells cultivated under steady-state conditions in a chemostat. The use of this sensitive and controlled system led to the detection of a rapid inhibition in the incorporation of (3-H)thymidine into cellular acid-precipitable material 2 hr after the addition of interferon, whereas an effect on cell multiplication was not detected until 22 hr later. Interferon exerted only a transitory effect on the incorporation of (3-H)uridine into acid-precipitable material and no effect on the incorporation of 14-C-amino acids into cellular protein. It is suggested that the chemostat offers many advantages for the investigation of those physiologic factors or chemotherapeutic substances that modify cell division.
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Sinclair R. Response of mammalian cells to controlled growth rates in steady-state continuous culture. IN VITRO 1974; 10:295-305. [PMID: 4616003 DOI: 10.1007/bf02615311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Barton ME. Effect of pH on the growth cycle of HeLa cells in batch suspension culture without oxygen control. Biotechnol Bioeng 1971; 13:471-92. [PMID: 5134545 DOI: 10.1002/bit.260130403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Kruse PF, Keen LN, Whittle WL. Some distinctive characteristics of high density perfusion cultures of diverse cell types. IN VITRO 1970; 6:75-88. [PMID: 5535597 DOI: 10.1007/bf02616136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Himmelfarb P, Thayer PS, Martin HE. Spin filter culture: the propagation of mammalian cells in suspension. Science 1969; 164:555-7. [PMID: 5778003 DOI: 10.1126/science.164.3879.555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
A spin filter device has been used for the propagation in vitro of cells of mnouse leukemia L1210 to densities approaching 10(8) cells per milliliter. By manipulation of flow rates, cells may be exposed to exponentially declining, drug concentrations with half-times of 1.5 hours or less, providing a more realistic parallel to in vivo drug treatment than is obtained by other culture methods.
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Costăchel O, Fadei L, Badea E. Tumor cell suspension culture on non adhesive substratum. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR KREBSFORSCHUNG 1969; 72:24-31. [PMID: 4240338 DOI: 10.1007/bf00524788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Griffiths JP, Pirt SJ. The uptake of amino acids by mouse cells (strain LS) during growth in batch culture and chemostat culture: the influence of cell growth rate. PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON. SERIES B, BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 1967; 168:421-38. [PMID: 4384052 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.1967.0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The uptake of thirteen essential amino acids by mouse LS cells in suspension culture was determined by bacteriological assay methods. Chemostat continuous-flow cultures were used to determine the effect of different cell growth rates on the quantitative amino acid requirements for growth. The growth yields of the cells (
Y
= g cell dry weight produced/g amino acid utilized) were calculated for each of the essential amino acids. A mixture of the non-essential amino acids, serine, alanine and glycine increased the cell yield from the essential amino acids. The growth yields from nearly all the essential amino acids in batch culture were increased when glutamic acid was substituted for the glutamine in the medium. The growth yields from the amino acids in batch culture were much less at the beginning than at the end of the culture. The highest efficiencies of conversion of amino acids to cell material were obtained by chemostat culture. When glutamic acid largely replaced the glutamine in the medium the conversion of amino acid nitrogen to cell nitrogen was 100 % efficient (that is, the theoretical yield was obtained) at the optimum growth rate (cell doubling time, 43 h). The maximum population density a given amino acid mixture will support can be calculated from the data. It is concluded that in several routinely used tissue culture media the cell growth is limited by the amino acid supply. In batch culture glutamine was wasted by (1) its spontaneous decomposition to pyrrolidone carboxylic acid and ammonia, and (2) its enzymic breakdown to glutamic acid and ammonia, but also glutamine was used less efficiently than glutamic acid. Study of the influence of cell growth rate on amino acid uptake rates per unit mass of cells indicated that a marked change in amino acid metabolism occurred at a specific growth rate of 0.4 day
-1
(cell doubling time, 43 h). With decrease in specific growth rate below 0.4 day
-1
there was a marked stimulation of amino acid uptake rate per cell and essential amino acids were consumed increasingly for functions other than synthesis of cell material.
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Lewis PM. A note on the continuous flow culture of mixed populations of lactobacilli and streptococci. THE JOURNAL OF APPLIED BACTERIOLOGY 1967; 30:406-9. [PMID: 4864320 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1967.tb00316.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Sinclair R. Steady-state suspension culture and metabolism of strain L mouse cells in simple defined medium. Exp Cell Res 1966; 41:20-33. [PMID: 4952027 DOI: 10.1016/0014-4827(66)90543-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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PIRT SJ, THACKERAY EJ. Environmental influences on the growth of ERK mammalian cells in monolayer culture. Exp Cell Res 1964; 33:396-405. [PMID: 14161547 DOI: 10.1016/0014-4827(64)90003-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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PIRT SJ, THACKERAY EJ. Environmental influences on growth of L and ERK mammalian cells in shake-flask cultures. Exp Cell Res 1964; 33:406-12. [PMID: 14161548 DOI: 10.1016/0014-4827(64)90004-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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