Kalmakoff J, Parkinson AJ, Crawford AM, Williams BR. Solid phase radioimmunoassay using labelled antibodies: a conceptual framework for designing assays.
J Immunol Methods 1977;
14:73-84. [PMID:
833431 DOI:
10.1016/s0022-1759(97)90024-7]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A simple theoretical model for the antigen-antibody reaction is presented ans used to evaluate the optimum conditions for designing solid phase radioimmunoassay (RIA) using labelled antibodies. Both theoretical and experimental data are presented, using a wide variety of antigens and their corresponding antibodies. The types of RIA is described include the direct, the indirect, sandwich assays for detecting either antigen or antibody. The experimental results confirm in a semiquantitative manner that the greatest sensitivity of the RIA is achieved when the smallest amount of labelled antibody is used, that whenever possible the antigen/antibody ratio should be greater than unity (greater than 1), and that the formation of the antigen-antibody comples is dependent on the mass action effect.
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