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Wright MA, Surta TW, Evans JA, Lim J, Jo H, Hawkins CJ, Bahri M, Daniels LM, Chen R, Zanella M, Chagas LG, Cookson J, Collier P, Cibin G, Chadwick AV, Dyer MS, Browning ND, Claridge JB, Hardwick LJ, Rosseinsky MJ. Accessing Mg-Ion Storage in V 2PS 10 via Combined Cationic-Anionic Redox with Selective Bond Cleavage. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202400837. [PMID: 38446007 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202400837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Magnesium batteries attract interest as alternative energy-storage devices because of elemental abundance and potential for high energy density. Development is limited by the absence of suitable cathodes, associated with poor diffusion kinetics resulting from strong interactions between Mg2+ and the host structure. V2PS10 is reported as a positive electrode material for rechargeable magnesium batteries. Cyclable capacity of 100 mAh g-1 is achieved with fast Mg2+ diffusion of 7.2 × ${\times }$ 10-11-4 × ${\times }$ 10-14 cm2 s-1. The fast insertion mechanism results from combined cationic redox on the V site and anionic redox on the (S2)2- site; enabled by reversible cleavage of S-S bonds, identified by X-ray photoelectron and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Detailed structural characterisation with maximum entropy method analysis, supported by density functional theory and projected density of states analysis, reveals that the sulphur species involved in anion redox are not connected to the transition metal centres, spatially separating the two redox processes. This facilitates fast and reversible Mg insertion in which the nature of the redox process depends on the cation insertion site, creating a synergy between the occupancy of specific Mg sites and the location of the electrons transferred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Wright
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZD, Liverpool, UK
- Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZF, Liverpool, UK
| | - T Wesley Surta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZD, Liverpool, UK
| | - Jae A Evans
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZD, Liverpool, UK
| | - Jungwoo Lim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZD, Liverpool, UK
- Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZF, Liverpool, UK
| | - Hongil Jo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZD, Liverpool, UK
| | - Cara J Hawkins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZD, Liverpool, UK
| | - Mounib Bahri
- Albert Crewe Centre, University of Liverpool, Research Technology Building, Elisabeth Street, Pembroke Place, L69 3GE, Liverpool, UK
| | - Luke M Daniels
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZD, Liverpool, UK
| | - Ruiyong Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZD, Liverpool, UK
| | - Marco Zanella
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZD, Liverpool, UK
| | - Luciana G Chagas
- Johnson Matthey Technology Centre, Sonning Common, RG4 9NH, Reading, UK
| | - James Cookson
- Johnson Matthey Technology Centre, Sonning Common, RG4 9NH, Reading, UK
| | - Paul Collier
- Johnson Matthey Technology Centre, Sonning Common, RG4 9NH, Reading, UK
| | - Giannantonio Cibin
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, OX11 0DE, Didcot, UK
| | - Alan V Chadwick
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Kent, CT2 7NH, Canterbury, UK
| | - Matthew S Dyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZD, Liverpool, UK
| | - Nigel D Browning
- Albert Crewe Centre, University of Liverpool, Research Technology Building, Elisabeth Street, Pembroke Place, L69 3GE, Liverpool, UK
- School of Engineering, Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering, University of Liverpool, L69 3GH, Liverpool, UK
| | - John B Claridge
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZD, Liverpool, UK
| | - Laurence J Hardwick
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZD, Liverpool, UK
- Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZF, Liverpool, UK
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Duncan Lyngdoh RH, Schaefer HF, King RB. Metal-Metal (MM) Bond Distances and Bond Orders in Binuclear Metal Complexes of the First Row Transition Metals Titanium Through Zinc. Chem Rev 2018; 118:11626-11706. [PMID: 30543419 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This survey of metal-metal (MM) bond distances in binuclear complexes of the first row 3d-block elements reviews experimental and computational research on a wide range of such systems. The metals surveyed are titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, and zinc, representing the only comprehensive presentation of such results to date. Factors impacting MM bond lengths that are discussed here include (a) the formal MM bond order, (b) size of the metal ion present in the bimetallic core (M2) n+, (c) the metal oxidation state, (d) effects of ligand basicity, coordination mode and number, and (e) steric effects of bulky ligands. Correlations between experimental and computational findings are examined wherever possible, often yielding good agreement for MM bond lengths. The formal bond order provides a key basis for assessing experimental and computationally derived MM bond lengths. The effects of change in the metal upon MM bond length ranges in binuclear complexes suggest trends for single, double, triple, and quadruple MM bonds which are related to the available information on metal atomic radii. It emerges that while specific factors for a limited range of complexes are found to have their expected impact in many cases, the assessment of the net effect of these factors is challenging. The combination of experimental and computational results leads us to propose for the first time the ranges and "best" estimates for MM bond distances of all types (Ti-Ti through Zn-Zn, single through quintuple).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Henry F Schaefer
- Centre for Computational Quantum Chemistry , University of Georgia , Athens , Georgia 30602 , United States
| | - R Bruce King
- Centre for Computational Quantum Chemistry , University of Georgia , Athens , Georgia 30602 , United States
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Sun J, Heo J, Yun H. Crystal structure of the mixed-metal thio-phosphate Nb1.18V0.82PS10. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2015; 71:278-80. [PMID: 25844187 PMCID: PMC4350732 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989015003072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The mixed-metal thio-phosphate, Nb1.18V0.82PS10 (niobium vanadium phospho-rus deca-sulfide), has been prepared though solid state reactions using an alkali-metal halide flux. The title compound is isostructural with two-dimensional Nb2PS10. [M 2S12] (M = Nb or V) dimers built up from two bicapped trigonal prisms and tetra-hedral [PS4] units share sulfur atoms to construct (1) ∞[M 2PS10] chains along the a axis. These chains are linked through the di-sulfide bonds between [PS4] units in adjacent chains to form layers parallel to the ab plane. These layers then stack on top of each other to complete the three-dimensional structure with van der Waals gaps. The M sites are occupied by 59% of Nb and 41% of V and the average M-S and M-M distances in the title compound are in between those of V2PS10 and Nb2PS10. The classical charge balance of the title compound can be represented by [(Nb/V)(4+)]2[P(5+)][S(2-)]3[S(-)]7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joobin Sun
- Department of Energy Systems Research and Department of Chemistry, Ajou University, Suwon 443-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyun Heo
- Department of Energy Systems Research and Department of Chemistry, Ajou University, Suwon 443-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoseop Yun
- Department of Energy Systems Research and Department of Chemistry, Ajou University, Suwon 443-749, Republic of Korea
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Schönberger S, Krönauer S, Klapötke TM, Karaghiosoff K. Synthesis and Crystal Structure of the Bis(ethoxo)tetrathio-μ-disulfido-diphosphate Salt: [pyH] 2[P 2S 6(OEt) 2]. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201300420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Yu J, Yun H. KNb(1.75)V(0.25)PS(10). Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2011; 67:i24. [PMID: 21522232 PMCID: PMC3051977 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536811004430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2011] [Accepted: 02/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The title compound, potassium diniobium vanadium phospho-rus deca-sulfide, KNb(1.75)V(0.25)PS(10), was obtained by reaction of the elements with a eutectic mixture of KCl/LiCl. It is isostructural with the quaternary KNb(2)PS(10), but the Nb sites are occupied by statistically disordered Nb (87.5%) and V (12.5%) atoms. The structure is composed of anionic (∞) (1)[M(2)PS(10)](-) chains (M = Nb/V) separated from each other by K(+) ions. The chain is composed of [MS(8)] distorted bicapped trigonal prisms and [PS(4)] tetra-hedra. There are no inter-chain bonding inter-actions. The crystal used for the X-ray analysis was a racemic twin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaemin Yu
- Division of Energy Systems Research and Department of Chemistry, Ajou University, Suwon 443-749, Republic of Korea
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Efficient Oxidation of Benzylic Alcohols to Aldehydes and Ketones in Ionic Liquid Using N-Chlorosuccinimide/AlCl 3.6H 2O. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2008. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2008.29.1.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Wu Y, Bensch W. Rb3Ti3(P4S13)(PS4)3 and Cs2Ti2(P2S8)(PS4)2: Two Polar Titanium Thiophosphates with Complex One-Dimensional Tunnels. Inorg Chem 2007; 46:6170-7. [PMID: 17583338 DOI: 10.1021/ic700478r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The reactions of Ti with in situ formed polythiophosphate fluxes of A(2)S(3) (A = Rb, Cs), P(2)S(5), and S at 500 degrees C result in the formation of two new quaternary titanium thiophosphates with compositions Rb(3)Ti(3)(P(4)S(13))(PS(4))(3) (1) and Cs(2)Ti(2)(P(2)S(8))(PS(4))(2) (2). Rb(3)Ti(3)(P(4)S(13))(PS(4))(3) (1) crystallizes in the chiral hexagonal space group P6(3) (No. 173) with lattice parameters a = 18.2475(9) Angstrom, c = 6.8687(3) Angstrom, V = 1980.7(2) Angstrom(3), Z = 2. Cs(2)Ti(2)(P(2)S(8))(PS(4))(2) (2) crystallizes in the noncentrosymmetric monoclinic space group Cc (No. 9) with a = 21.9709(14) Angstrom, b = 6.9093(3) Angstrom, c = 17.1489(10) Angstrom, beta = 98.79(1) degrees, V = 2572.7(2) Angstrom(3), Z = 4. In the structure of 1 TiS(6) octahedra, three [PS(4)] tetrahedra, and the hitherto unknown [P(4)S(13)](6-) anion are joined to form two different types of helical chains. These chains are connected yielding two different helical tunnels being directed along [001]. The tunnels are occupied by the Rb+ ions. The [P(4)S(13)](6-) anion is generated by three [PS(4)] tetrahedra sharing corners with one [PS(4)] group in the center of the starlike anion. The P atoms of the three [PS(4)] tetrahedra attached to the central [PS(4)] group define an equilateral triangle. The [P(4)S(13)](6-) anion may be regarded as a new member of the [P(n)S(3n+1)]((n+2)-) series. The structure of Cs(2)Ti(2)(P(2)S(8))(PS(4))(2) (2) consists of the one-dimensional polar tunnels containing the Cs(+) cations. The rare [P(2)S(8)](4-) anion which is composed of two [PS(4)] tetrahedra joined by a S(2)(2-) anion is a fundamental building unit in the structure of 2. One-dimensional undulated chains being directed along [100] are joined by [PS(4)] tetrahedra to form the three-dimensional network with polar tunnels running along [010]. The compounds are characterized with IR, Raman spectroscopy, and UV/vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuandong Wu
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Kiel, Olshausenstrasse 40, D24098 Kiel, Germany
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Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a New One-dimensional Quaternary Thiophosphate, CsNb2PS10. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2007. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2007.28.4.701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Gutzmann A, N�ther C, Bensch W. New Layered Quaternary Tantalum Thiophosphates Containing Binuclear [Ta2S10] Units: Synthesis and Crystal Structures of the Two New Compounds K0.42TaPS5 and Rb0.42TaPS5. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.200400388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Crystal and Electronic Structures of One-Dimensional Transition Metal Thiophosphates: ANb2PS10 (A=Na, Ag). J SOLID STATE CHEM 2002. [DOI: 10.1006/jssc.2002.9698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Aitken JA, Canlas C, Weliky DP, Kanatzidis MG. [P(2)S(10)](4-): a novel polythiophosphate anion containing a tetrasulfide fragment. Inorg Chem 2001; 40:6496-8. [PMID: 11720507 DOI: 10.1021/ic010664p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J A Aitken
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Fundamental Materials Research, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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Angenault J, Cieren X, Wallez G, Quarton M. Two New Thiophosphates with Interlocked Structures: AgTi2(PS4)3 and Ag2NbTi3P6S25. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2000. [DOI: 10.1006/jssc.2000.8739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Chondroudis K, Hanko JA, Kanatzidis MG. Chemistry of Gold in Molten Alkali Metal Polychalcophosphate Fluxes. Synthesis and Characterization of the Low-Dimensional Compounds A3AuP2Se8(A = K, Rb, Cs), A2Au2P2Se6(A = K, Rb), A2AuPS4(A = K, Rb, Cs), and AAuP2S7(A = K, Rb). Inorg Chem 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/ic961376+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Do J, Yun H. A New One-Dimensional Quaternary Metal Thiophosphate: Synthesis and Structure of KNb(2)PS(10). Inorg Chem 1996; 35:3729-3730. [PMID: 11666557 DOI: 10.1021/ic951644o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junghwan Do
- Department of Chemistry, Ajou University, Suwon 442-749, Republic of Korea
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Sourisseau C, Cavagnat R, Fouassier M, Jobic S, Deniard P, Brec R, Rouxel J. The vibrational resonance Raman spectra and the valence force field of iridium dichalcogenides, IrS2 and IrSe2. J SOLID STATE CHEM 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-4596(91)90069-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Jobic S, Deniard P, Brec R, Rouxel J, Drew M, David W. Properties of the transition metal dichalcogenides: The case of IrS2 and IrSe2. J SOLID STATE CHEM 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-4596(90)90273-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Evain M, Queignec M, Brec R, Sourisseau C. Chalcogen substitution in the Ta4P4S29 tunnel structure: Synthesis and structure of TaPS6Se. J SOLID STATE CHEM 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-4596(88)90182-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Evain M, Lee S, Queignec M, Brec R. Multiple empty tunnels in a new TaPS phase: Synthesis and structure determination of Ta2P2S11. J SOLID STATE CHEM 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-4596(87)90152-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Evain M, Brec R, Whangbo MH. Structural and electronic properties of transition metal thiophosphates. J SOLID STATE CHEM 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-4596(87)90165-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Meerschaut A, Grenouilleau P, Gue´mas L, Rouxel J. Characterization of a mixed-chains one-dimensional compound. J SOLID STATE CHEM 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-4596(87)90175-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Meerschaut A, Grenouilleau P, Rouxel J. Nb6Se20Br6, a pseudo one-dimensional compound with a waved chain structure. J SOLID STATE CHEM 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-4596(86)90009-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Evain M, Queignec M, Brec R, Rouxel J. Ta4P4S29: A new tunnel structure with inserted polymeric sulfur. J SOLID STATE CHEM 1985. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-4596(85)90051-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Evain M, Brec R, Ouvrard G, Rouxel J. Synthesis and structure determination of a new layered compound: V2P4S13. J SOLID STATE CHEM 1985. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-4596(85)90246-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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