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Tadić V, Božović M, Sapienza F, Astolfi R, Mladenović M, Zaka MC, Del Bove F, Borzacchi F, Fraschetti C, Rossi C, Vertuani S, Baldisserotto A, Manfredini S, Ragno R. Chemical Composition and Anti- Candida Activity of Mentha suaveolens Ehrh. Essential Oils Obtained by Different Distillation Processes. Molecules 2023; 28:6934. [PMID: 37836777 PMCID: PMC10574099 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A comparative study on essential oils extracted from Mentha suaveolens Ehrh. from Italy is reported. Two extraction procedures were investigated: hydrodistillation and steam distillation, carried out as a continuous and fractionated procedure. Fresh and dried plant material from two harvests was used. The hydrodistillation method yielded a higher amount of essential oil. The dried plant was significantly richer in essential oil per kg of starting plant material. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of 112 samples showed that the essential oils belong to the piperitenone oxide-rich chemotype. In addition, piperitenone, p-cymen-8-ol, and limonene were among the most abundant compounds in the different samples. A higher amount of piperitenone oxide was obtained by hydrodistillation, while steam distillation gave a higher percentage of piperitenone and limonene. The essential oils were characterized for their anti-Candida albicans activity; higher potency was observed for the samples rich in piperitenone oxide, with MIC values ranging from 0.39 to 0.78 mg·mL-1 (0.039% and 0.078% p/v). The results of this work provide a deep insight into the methodology of essential oil extraction and the associated chemical variability of M. suaveolens Ehrh. Some of the essential oils are potent against C. albicans and could be considered for potential use in therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanja Tadić
- Institute of Medicinal Plants Research Dr. Josif Pančić, Tadeuša Koščuška 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Mijat Božović
- Faculty of Natural Science and Mathematics, University of Montenegro, Džordža Vašingtona bb, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro;
| | - Filippo Sapienza
- Rome Center for Molecular Design, Department of Drug Chemistry and Technology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.S.); (R.A.)
| | - Roberta Astolfi
- Rome Center for Molecular Design, Department of Drug Chemistry and Technology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.S.); (R.A.)
| | - Milan Mladenović
- Kragujevac Center for Computational Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
| | - Maria Cristina Zaka
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technology, Bachelor Course in Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.C.Z.); (F.D.B.)
| | - Fabiana Del Bove
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technology, Bachelor Course in Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.C.Z.); (F.D.B.)
| | | | - Caterina Fraschetti
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Caterina Rossi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.R.); (S.V.); (A.B.)
| | - Silvia Vertuani
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.R.); (S.V.); (A.B.)
| | - Anna Baldisserotto
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.R.); (S.V.); (A.B.)
| | - Stefano Manfredini
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.R.); (S.V.); (A.B.)
| | - Rino Ragno
- Rome Center for Molecular Design, Department of Drug Chemistry and Technology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.S.); (R.A.)
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Bol S, Scaffidi A, Bunnik EM, Flematti GR. Behavioral differences among domestic cats in the response to cat-attracting plants and their volatile compounds reveal a potential distinct mechanism of action for actinidine. BMC Biol 2022; 20:192. [PMID: 36008824 PMCID: PMC9414117 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-022-01369-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It has been known for centuries that cats respond euphorically to Nepeta cataria (catnip). Recently, we have shown that Lonicera tatarica (Tatarian honeysuckle), Actinidia polygama (silver vine), and Valeriana officinalis (valerian) can also elicit this “catnip response”. The aim of this study was to learn if the behavior seen in response to these plants is similar to the response to catnip. Furthermore, we studied if these responses are fixed or if there are differences between cats. While nepetalactone was identified decades ago as the molecule responsible for the “catnip response”, we know that this volatile is found almost exclusively in catnip. Therefore, we also aimed to identify other compounds in these alternative plants that can elicit the blissful behavior in cats. Bioassays with 6 cats were performed in a low-stress environment, where 5 plants and 13 single compounds were each tested for at least 100 and 17 h, respectively. All responses were video recorded and BORIS software was used to analyze the cats’ behavior. Results Both response duration and behavior differed significantly between the cats. While individual cats had preferences for particular plants, the behavior of individual cats was consistent among all plants. About half a dozen lactones similar in structure to nepetalactone were able to elicit the “catnip response”, as were the structurally more distinct molecules actinidine and dihydroactinidiolide. Most cats did not respond to actinidine, whereas those who did, responded longer to this volatile than any of the other secondary plant metabolites, and different behavior was observed. Interestingly, dihydroactinidiolide was also found in excretions and secretions of the red fox, making this the first report of a compound produced by a mammal that can elicit the “catnip response”. A range of different cat-attracting compounds was detected by chemical analysis of plant materials but differences in cat behavior could not be directly related to differences in chemical composition of the plants. Together with results of, among others, habituation / dishabituation experiments, this indicates that additional cat-attracting compounds may be present in the plant materials that remain to be discovered. Conclusions Collectively, these findings suggest that both the personality of the cat and genetic variation in the genes encoding olfactory receptors may play a role in how cats respond to cat-attracting plants. Furthermore, the data suggest a potential distinct mechanism of action for actinidine. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12915-022-01369-1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adrian Scaffidi
- School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
| | | | - Gavin R Flematti
- School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
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Jurczyk J, Woo J, Kim SF, Dherange BD, Sarpong R, Levin MD. Single-atom logic for heterocycle editing. NATURE SYNTHESIS 2022; 1:352-364. [PMID: 35935106 PMCID: PMC9355079 DOI: 10.1038/s44160-022-00052-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal chemistry continues to be impacted by new synthetic methods. Particularly sought after, especially at the drug discovery stage, is the ability to enact the desired chemical transformations in a concise and chemospecific fashion. To this end, the field of organic synthesis has become captivated by the idea of 'molecular editing'-to rapidly build onto, change or prune molecules one atom at a time using transformations that are mild and selective enough to be employed at the late stages of a synthetic sequence. In this Review, the definition and categorization of a particularly promising subclass of molecular editing reactions, termed 'single-atom skeletal editing', are proposed. Although skeletal editing applies to both cyclic and acyclic compounds, this Review focuses on heterocycles, both for their centrality in medicinal chemistry and for the definitional clarity afforded by a focus on ring systems. A classification system is presented by highlighting methods (both historically important examples and recent advances) that achieve such transformations, with the goal to spark interest and inspire further development in this growing field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Jurczyk
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Jisoo Woo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- These authors contributed equally: Jisoo Woo, Sojung F. Kim
| | - Sojung F. Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- These authors contributed equally: Jisoo Woo, Sojung F. Kim
| | - Balu D. Dherange
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Richmond Sarpong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Correspondence should be addressed to Richmond Sarpong or Mark D. Levin. ;
| | - Mark D. Levin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Correspondence should be addressed to Richmond Sarpong or Mark D. Levin. ;
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Mori K. Pheromone synthesis. Part 264: Synthesis of the core 3-oxabicyclo[3.3.0]octane structures of gomadalactones A, B and C, the components of the contact sex pheromone of the white-spotted longicorn beetle, Anoplophora malasiaca. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2019.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Morizawa Y, Oshima K, Nozaki H. Pd(O) Promoted Transformation of 1,1-Dialkoxycarbonyl-2-(1,3-butadienyl)cyclopropanes into 2-Ethenyl-3-cyclopentenes. Isr J Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.198400025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Fischman CJ, Adler S, Hofferberth JE. Divergent Diastereoselective Synthesis of Iridomyrmecin, Isoiridomyrmecin, Teucrimulactone, and Dolicholactone from Citronellol. J Org Chem 2013; 78:7318-23. [DOI: 10.1021/jo400884g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Clara J. Fischman
- Department of Chemistry, Kenyon College, Gambier, Ohio 43022, United States
| | - Snow Adler
- Department of Chemistry, Kenyon College, Gambier, Ohio 43022, United States
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Hilgraf R, Zimmermann N, Lehmann L, Tröger A, Francke W. Stereoselective synthesis of trans-fused iridoid lactones and their identification in the parasitoid wasp Alloxysta victrix, Part II: Iridomyrmecins. Beilstein J Org Chem 2012; 8:1256-64. [PMID: 23019456 PMCID: PMC3458746 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.8.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Following our earlier approach to the synthesis of dihydronepetalactones, all eight stereoisomers of trans-fused iridomyrmecins were synthesized starting from the enantiomers of limonene. Combined gas chromatography and mass spectrometry including enantioselective gas chromatography revealed that volatiles released by the endohyperparasitoid wasp Alloxysta victrix contain (4S,4aR,7S,7aR)-iridomyrmecin of 95–97% ee and stereochemically pure (4S,4aS,7R,7aS)-iridomyrmecin as a minor component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Hilgraf
- Department of Chemistry - Organic Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany
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Zimmermann N, Hilgraf R, Lehmann L, Ibarra D, Francke W. Stereoselective synthesis of trans-fused iridoid lactones and their identification in the parasitoid wasp Alloxysta victrix, Part I: Dihydronepetalactones. Beilstein J Org Chem 2012; 8:1246-55. [PMID: 23019455 PMCID: PMC3458745 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.8.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Starting from the enantiomers of limonene, all eight stereoisomers of trans-fused dihydronepetalactones were synthesized. Key compounds were pure stereoisomers of 1-acetoxymethyl-2-methyl-5-(2-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-1-cyclopentene. The stereogenic center of limonene was retained at position 4a of the target compounds and used to stereoselectively control the introduction of the other chiral centers during the synthesis. Basically, this approach could also be used for the synthesis of enantiomerically pure trans-fused iridomyrmecins. Using synthetic reference samples, the combination of enantioselective gas chromatography and mass spectrometry revealed that volatiles released by the endohyperparasitoid wasp Alloxysta victrix contain the enantiomerically pure trans-fused (4R,4aR,7R,7aS)-dihydronepetalactone as a minor component, showing an unusual (R)-configured stereogenic center at position 7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Zimmermann
- Department of Chemistry - Organic Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany
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Toyota M, Takeda K. 2nd Generation Palladium-Catalyzed Cycloalkenylation in Iridoid Synthesis: Diastereoselective Total Synthesis of Isoiridomyrmecin and Isodihydronepetalactone. HETEROCYCLES 2012. [DOI: 10.3987/com-11-s(p)36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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10
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Absolute configuration of gomadalactones A, B and C, the components of the contact sex pheromone of Anoplophora malasiaca. Tetrahedron Lett 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2007.06.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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11
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Schöllhorn B, Mulzer J. Stereocontrolled Formation of Three Contiguous Stereogenic Centers by Free Radical Cyclization – Synthesis of (+)-Iridomyrmecin and (–)-Iso-iridomyrmecin – Formal Synthesis of δ-Skythantine. European J Org Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200500711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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12
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Optisches Drehungsvermögen und Konformation, V. Protonenresonanzspektren stereoisomerer 4.5‐disubstituierter Oxazolidone‐(2). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19721050806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Demuth M, Schaffner K. Tricyclo[3.3.0.02,8]octan-3-one: Photochemisch hergestellte Bausteine zur enantiospezifischen Totalsynthese cyclopentanoider Naturstoffe. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19820941102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Abstract
An enantioconvergent total synthesis of sordaricin (3), the diterpene aglycon of an important class of antifungal compounds, is described. Two approaches were explored, the first of which utilized a possible biogenetic intramolecular [4 + 2] cycloaddition to form the complete carbon skeleton of the target molecule as a single regioisomer 30. A second approach employed a tandem cycloreversion/intramolecular [4 + 2] cycloaddition process to afford not only the desired product 30 but also significant quantities of the undesired regioisomer iso-30. An investigation into the reasons for the difference in regioselectivity between these two reactions revealed the intervention of a cycloreversion/cycloaddition pathway at elevated temperatures leading to the formation of iso-30. Experimental evidence supports the hypothesis that iso-30 is the more thermodynamically stable of the two regioisomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lewis N Mander
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.
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Über eine aussergewöhnliche Stereospezifität bei der Hydroborierung der diastereomeren (1R)-Isopulegole mit Diboran. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19670500123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Kurosawa S, Bando M, Mori K. Synthesis of (1R,4R,5S)-(+)-Acoradiene, the Structure Proposed for the Aggregation Pheromone of the Broad-Horned Flour Beetle. European J Org Chem 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/1099-0690(200112)2001:23<4395::aid-ejoc4395>3.0.co;2-q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Noda Y, Noda Y, Hashimoto H, Norizuki T. Synthesis of (-)-Idiadione, a Furanosesterterpene Isolated from a Marine Sponge Spongia idia. HETEROCYCLES 2001. [DOI: 10.3987/com-01-9311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Stereocontrolled synthesis of (+)- and (−)-iridomyrmecin from citronellene enantiomers. Russ Chem Bull 1997. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02502949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Jamison TF, Shambayati S, Crowe WE, Schreiber SL. Tandem Use of Cobalt-Mediated Reactions to Synthesize (+)-Epoxydictymene, a Diterpene Containing a Trans-Fused 5−5 Ring System. J Am Chem Soc 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/ja970022u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy F. Jamison
- Contribution from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
| | - Soroosh Shambayati
- Contribution from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
| | - William E. Crowe
- Contribution from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
| | - Stuart L. Schreiber
- Contribution from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
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Money T, Wong MK. The use of cyclic monoterpenoids as enantiopure starting materials in natural product synthesis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/s1572-5995(06)80054-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
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23
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Fu GC, Evans DA, Muci AR. Metal-catalyzed hydroboration reactions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/s1874-5156(06)80007-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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Tsunoda T, Tatsuki S, Kataoka K, Itô S. A Stereoselective Synthesis of (−)-Isoiridomyrmecin. Application of the Asymmetric Aza-Claisen Rearrangement. CHEM LETT 1994. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.1994.543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Tanaka D, Yoshino T, Kouno I, Miyashita M, Irie H. Synthesis of monoterpene lactones, (+)-boschnialactone and (+)-isoiridomyrmecin, starting from l-(+)-arabinose. Tetrahedron 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)80554-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Takahashi Y, Tanaka M, Wu XM, Sakai K. Stereocontrolled Synthesis Of (+)-Iridomyrmecin And (-)-Isoiridomyrmecin From (-)-Limonene. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1080/10575639208048915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Agnel G, Owczarczyk Z, Negishi EI. Diastereoselective zirconocene-promoted bicyclization-carbonylation of allylically methyl-substituted enynes. Synthesis of (+)-iridomyrmecin. Tetrahedron Lett 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)91669-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Takacs JM, Myoung YC. Catalytic iron-mediated ene carbocyclizations of trienes: enantioselective syntheses of the iridoid monoterpenes (−)-mitsugashiwalactone and (+)-isoiridomyrmecin. Tetrahedron Lett 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)74120-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Ziegler FE, Zheng ZL. Functionalized cyclopentanes via radical cyclizations using thiocarbonate derivatives as initiators and terminators. Tetrahedron Lett 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)96840-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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30
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Funk RL, Abelman MM, Munger JD. Claisen-rearrangement-mediated ring contraction of macrocyclic lactones. Tetrahedron 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)90572-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Oppolzer W, Jacobsen E. Enantioselective syntheses of (+)-α-skytanthine, (+)-δ-skytanthine and (+)-iridomyrmecin by an intramolecular magnesium-ene reaction. Tetrahedron Lett 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)84199-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Wender PA, Dreyer GB. Synthetic studies on arene-olefin cycloadditions - V. total synthesis of (±)-isoiridomyrmecin. Tetrahedron Lett 1983. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)85950-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Demuth M, Schaffner K. Tricyclo[3.3.0.02,8]octan-3-ones: Photochemically Prepared Building Blocks for Enantiospecific Total Syntheses of Cyclopentanoid Natural Products. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1982. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.198208201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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34
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Morizawa Y, Oshima K, Nozaki H. Pd(O) promoted rearrangement of 2-(1,3-butadienyl)cyclopropane- 1,1-dicarboxylate esters to 2-alkenyl-3-cyclopentene-1,1-dicarboxylate esters. Tetrahedron Lett 1982. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)88436-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Yamada Y, Sanjoh H, Iguchi K. A SYNTHESIS OF (±)-IRIDOMYRMECIN FROM THE BIOGENETIC PRECURSOR. CHEM LETT 1978. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.1978.1405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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