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Cundy NJ, Hare RK, Tang T, Leach AG, Jowitt TA, Qureshi O, Gordon J, Barnes NM, Brady CA, Raven EL, Grainger RS, Butterworth S. Design, synthesis and evaluation of tryptophan analogues as tool compounds to study IDO1 activity. RSC Chem Biol 2021; 2:1651-1660. [PMID: 34977580 PMCID: PMC8637876 DOI: 10.1039/d0cb00209g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The metabolism of l-tryptophan to N-formyl-l-kynurenine by indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is thought to play a critical role in tumour-mediated immune suppression. Whilst there has been significant progress in elucidating the overall enzymatic mechanism of IDO1 and related enzymes, key aspects of the catalytic cycle remain poorly understood. Here we report the design, synthesis and biological evaluation of a series of tryptophan analogues which have the potential to intercept putative intermediates in the metabolism of 1 by IDO1. Functionally-relevant binding to IDO1 was demonstrated through enzymatic inhibition, however no IDO1-mediated metabolism of these compounds was observed. Subsequent Tm-shift analysis shows the most active compound, 17, exhibits a distinct profile from known competitive IDO1 inhibitors, with docking studies supporting the hypothesis that 17 may bind at the recently-discovered Si site. These findings provide a start-point for development of further mechanistic probes and more potent tryptophan-based IDO1 inhibitors. We report the rational design, novel syntheses and biophysical and in silico evaluation of tryptophan-inspired tool compounds to probe the illusive MOA of the clinically-relevant heme-dioxygenase protein, IDO1.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J. Cundy
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Roseanna K. Hare
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Tina Tang
- Celentyx Ltd, Birmingham Research Park, 97 Vincent Drive, Birmingham, B15 2SQ, UK
| | - Andrew G. Leach
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Thomas A. Jowitt
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Omar Qureshi
- Celentyx Ltd, Birmingham Research Park, 97 Vincent Drive, Birmingham, B15 2SQ, UK
| | - John Gordon
- Celentyx Ltd, Birmingham Research Park, 97 Vincent Drive, Birmingham, B15 2SQ, UK
| | - Nicholas M. Barnes
- Celentyx Ltd, Birmingham Research Park, 97 Vincent Drive, Birmingham, B15 2SQ, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Catherine A. Brady
- Celentyx Ltd, Birmingham Research Park, 97 Vincent Drive, Birmingham, B15 2SQ, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Emma L. Raven
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Richard S. Grainger
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Sam Butterworth
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
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2
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Awadallah FM, Bua S, Mahmoud WR, Nada HH, Nocentini A, Supuran CT. Inhibition studies on a panel of human carbonic anhydrases with N1-substituted secondary sulfonamides incorporating thiazolinone or imidazolone-indole tails. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2018; 33:629-638. [PMID: 29536779 PMCID: PMC6009853 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2018.1446432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Being the primary sulfonamide among the most efficient zinc binding group (ZBG) to design inhibitors for the metallo-enzymes carbonic anhydrases (CA, EC 4.2.1.1), herein, we propose an investigation on four physiologically important human (h) CAs (hCA I, II, IV, and IX) with N1-substituted secondary sulfonamides incorporating thiazolinone or imidazolone-indole tails. The effect of the functionalisation of the sulfonamide group with five different substitution patterns, namely acetyl, pyridine, thiazole, pyrimidine, and carbamimidoyl, was evaluated in relation to the inhibition profile of the corresponding primary sulfonamide analogues. With most of these latter being nanomolar inhibitors of all four considered isoforms, a totally counterproductive effect on the inhibition potency can be ascribed to N1-functionalisations of the ZBG primary sulfonamide structure with pyridine, thiazole, and pyrimidine moieties. On the other hand, incorporation of less hindered groups, such as sulfonylacetamides and sulfonylguanidines, maintained a certain degree of activity dependent on the tailing moiety, with KIs spanning in the low micromolar range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadi M. Awadallah
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Silvia Bua
- Department NEUROFARBA – Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Walaa R. Mahmoud
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hossam H. Nada
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- Department NEUROFARBA – Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Department NEUROFARBA – Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
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Roaiah HM, Ghannam IAY, Ali IH, El Kerdawy AM, Ali MM, Abbas SES, El-Nakkady SS. Design, synthesis, and molecular docking of novel indole scaffold-based VEGFR-2 inhibitors as targeted anticancer agents. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2018; 351. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201700299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Revised: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanaa M. Roaiah
- National Research Centre, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division; Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department; Cairo Egypt
| | - Iman A. Y. Ghannam
- National Research Centre, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division; Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department; Cairo Egypt
| | - Islam H. Ali
- National Research Centre, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division; Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department; Cairo Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. El Kerdawy
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Cairo University; Cairo Egypt
- Molecular Modeling Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy; Cairo University; Cairo Egypt
| | - Mamdouh M. Ali
- National Research Centre, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division; Department of Biochemistry; Cairo Egypt
| | - Safinaz E-S. Abbas
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Cairo University; Cairo Egypt
| | - Sally S. El-Nakkady
- National Research Centre, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division; Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department; Cairo Egypt
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4
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Fahmy AFM, El-Sayed AA, Hemdan MM. Multicomponent synthesis of 4-arylidene-2-phenyl-5(4H)-oxazolones (azlactones) using a mechanochemical approach. Chem Cent J 2016; 10:59. [PMID: 28316644 PMCID: PMC5053219 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-016-0205-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mechano heterocyclic chemistry (MCH) is a recent quickly growing technique in the synthesis of heterocycles and draws the attention of heterocyclic chemists towards the uses of grindstone technique in a solvent free green efficient synthesis of many heterocyclic systems. On the other hand, multicomponent approach has opened the door for the rapid and efficient one-step procedures to synthesize a wide range of complex targets. Azlactones have been reported to exhibit a wide range of pharmaceutical properties including immune suppressive, anticancer. Antimicrobial, antitumor, anti-inflammatory and antiviral. It also used as useful synthons in the synthesis of several small molecules, including amino acids and peptides. RESULTS The present work describes an efficient one step green synthesis of 4-arylidene-2-phenyl-5(4H)-oxazolones (azlactones) via the multi-component synthesis by the mechanochemical grinding of glycine, benzoyl chloride, an aromatic aldehyde and fused sodium acetate in the presence of drops of acetic anhydride. This process is green, simple to handle, step and atom efficient, economical and environmentally friendly, because it does not require a reaction solvent or heating, we introduced the yield economy [YE] as a metric to assess the conversion efficiency of grinding and conventional synthetic reactions of azlactones. The structures of the newly synthesized compounds were elucidated by elemental and spectral analyses. CONCLUSION In conclusion, we have developed a simple, efficient and eco-friendly strategy for facile synthesis of azlactones. The key advantages of this strategy, over conventional approach, include its simple, solvent free conditions, as well as its facile work-up, high yield economy and environmental friendliness. It is also successful in achieving three of the green chemistry objectives of a solvent free operation, high atom economy and step efficient. Thus, combining the features of both economic and environmental advantages.Graphical abstractAn efficient one step green synthesis of azlactones via multicomponent synthesis by a mechanochemical grinding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin F M Fahmy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, 11566 Abbasia, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amira A El-Sayed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, 11566 Abbasia, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Magdy M Hemdan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, 11566 Abbasia, Cairo, Egypt
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5
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Hamidian H, Azizi S. Synthesis of novel compounds containing morpholine and 5(4H)-oxazolone rings as potent tyrosinase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:7089-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Brackmann F, de Meijere A. Natural Occurrence, Syntheses, and Applications of Cyclopropyl-Group-Containing α-Amino Acids. 1. 1-Aminocyclopropanecarboxylic Acid and Other 2,3-Methanoamino Acids. Chem Rev 2007; 107:4493-537. [DOI: 10.1021/cr078376j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Farina Brackmann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie der Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Armin de Meijere
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie der Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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7
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Pasha M, Jayashanka V, Venugopala K, Rao GK. Zinc oxide (ZnO): An Efficient Catalyst for the Synthesis of 4-arylmethylidene-2-phenyl 5(4H)-oxazolones Having Antimicrobial Activity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.3923/jpt.2007.264.270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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8
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Khan KM, Mughal UR, Khan MTH, Perveen S, Choudhary MI. Oxazolones: New tyrosinase inhibitors; synthesis and their structure–activity relationships. Bioorg Med Chem 2006; 14:6027-33. [PMID: 16750372 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2006.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2006] [Revised: 05/03/2006] [Accepted: 05/04/2006] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The tyrosinase inhibitory potential of seventeen synthesized oxazolone derivatives has been evaluated and their structure-activity relationships developed in the present work. All the synthesized derivatives, 3-19, demonstrated excellent in vitro tyrosinase inhibitory properties having IC50 values in the range of 1.23+/-0.37-17.73+/-2.69 microM, whereas standard inhibitors l-mimosine and kojic acid have IC50 values 3.68+/-0.02 and 16.67+/-0.52 microM,, respectively. Compounds 4-8 having IC50 values 3.11+/-0.95, 3.51+/-0.25, 3.23+/-0.66, 1.23 +/- 0.37, and 2.15+/-0.75, respectively, were found to be very active members of the series, even better than both the standard inhibitors. However, compounds 3, 9-11, 13, 14, 16, 17, and 19 were found to be better than kojic acid but not l-mimosine. (2-Methyl-4-[E,2Z)-3-phenyl-2-propenyliden]-1,3-oxazol-5(4H)-one (7) bearing a cinnamyol residue at C-4 of oxazolone moiety and an IC50 = 1.23+/-0.37 microM was found to be the most active one among all tested compounds. These studies reveal that the substitution of functional group (s) at C-4 and C-2 positions plays a vital role in the activity of this series of compounds. It is concluded that compound 7 may act as a potential lead molecule to develop new drugs for the treatment of tyrosinase based disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Mohammed Khan
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical Sciences, University Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan.
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Isolation, synthesis and photochemical properties of almazolone, a new indole alkaloid from a red alga of Senegal. Tetrahedron 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2005.10.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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10
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Mesaik MA, Rahat S, Khan KM, Choudhary MI, Murad S, Ismail Z, Ahmad A. Synthesis and immunomodulatory properties of selected oxazolone derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem 2004; 12:2049-57. [PMID: 15080909 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2004.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2004] [Revised: 02/24/2004] [Accepted: 02/25/2004] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Eleven oxazolone derivatives were synthesized and characterized by (1)H NMR, EI, IR and UV spectroscopic and CHN analysis. Three compounds, 4-[(E)-(4-nitrophenyl)methylidene]-2-phenyl-1,3-oxazol-5(4H)-one (11), 4-[(E)-(4-methoxyphenyl)methylidene]-2-methyl-1,3-oxazol-5-one (12) and 4-[(E)-(4-nitrophenyl)methylidene]-2-methyl-1,3-oxazol-5(4H)-one (13) were screened for phagocyte chemiluminescence, neutrophil chemotaxis, T-cell proliferation, cytokine production from mononuclear cells and cytotoxicity. 4-[(E)-(4-Nitrophenyl)methylidene]-2-methyl-1,3-oxazol-5(4H)-one (13) was found to be the most potent immunomodulator in the series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad A Mesaik
- Department of Microbiology, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
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11
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Czombos J, Aelterman W, Tkachev A, Martins JC, Tourwé D, Péter A, Tóth G, Fülöp F, De Kimpe N. Convenient synthesis of 3,4-methano-1,2,3, 4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid and its derivatives as doubly constrained nonproteinogenic amino acid derivatives. J Org Chem 2000; 65:5469-75. [PMID: 10970283 DOI: 10.1021/jo9917994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Three strategies for the synthesis of the novel, doubly constrained, 3,4-methano-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid and its derivatives were evaluated. Only cyclocondensation of the mono(triphenyl)phosphonium salt derived from 1, 2-bis(bromomethyl)benzene with N-alkoxycarbonyloxamates in 1, 2-dimethoxyethane in the presence of potassium carbonate and subsequent cyclopropanation with dimethylsulfoxonium methylide in dimethyl sulfoxide furnished suitable O- and N-protected derivatives of 3,4-methano-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid in a convenient way. A detailed 2D DQF-COSY and 2D NOESY NMR analysis of the rotational isomerism of the latter bicyclic amino acid derivatives was performed. Various O- and N-protection protocols were worked out to afford access to a whole range of new derivatives of the title amino acid, suitable for peptide synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Czombos
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Agricultural and Applied Biological Sciences, University of Gent, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
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Gibson (née Thomas) SE, Guillo N, Tozer MJ. Towards control of χ-space: Conformationally constrained analogues of Phe, Tyr, Trp and His. Tetrahedron 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(98)00942-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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13
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Raj TT, Eftink MR. Stereoselective Synthesis ofcis-2 andtrans-2-(Indol-3-yl) Cyclopropyl Amines, Carboxylic Acids, and Esters. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 1998. [DOI: 10.1080/00397919808004931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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