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Harris B, McCredie MN, Truong T, Regan T, Thompson CG, Leach W, Fields SA. Relations Between Adolescent Sensation Seeking and Risky Sexual Behaviors Across Sex, Race, and Age: A Meta-Analysis. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2023; 52:191-204. [PMID: 36121585 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-022-02384-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sensation seeking (SS)-the seeking of novel and intense sensations or experiences and the willingness to take risks for the sake of such experiences-has been shown to be related to various risky sexual behaviors (RSBs) in areas such as multiple sexual partners, condom use, and sexual initiation. The aims of the current meta-analysis were to examine (1) how SS relates to specific RSBs in adolescents and (2) how the overall relationship between SS and RSB differs across sex, race, and age. Overall, a total of 40 studies met the inclusion criteria for our meta-analysis examining the relationship between SS and RSB, contributing 102 effect sizes. RSB variables included unprotected sex; multiple sexual partners; hazardous sexual activity; sexual initiation; virginity status; and history of sexually transmitted disease (STD) diagnosis. Moderating effects of sex, race, and age were also examined. The overall mean effect size of the correlational relationship between adolescent SS and RSB was statistically significant, as were the mean effect sizes of the relationships between SS and RSB subgroups, except for history of STD diagnosis. Race and age did not significantly moderate the overall relationship between SS and RSB; however, results indicated that SS and RSB relations were stronger in females compared to males. Our findings suggest that adolescents with elevations in SS tendencies tend to engage in more RSBs compared to their peers with lower levels of SS, increasing their risk of unplanned pregnancy and STD acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany Harris
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, 4235 TAMU, College, Station, TX, 77843-4235, USA.
| | - Morgan N McCredie
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, 4235 TAMU, College, Station, TX, 77843-4235, USA
| | - Tiffany Truong
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, 4235 TAMU, College, Station, TX, 77843-4235, USA
| | - Timothy Regan
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, 4235 TAMU, College, Station, TX, 77843-4235, USA
| | | | - Walker Leach
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, 4235 TAMU, College, Station, TX, 77843-4235, USA
| | - Sherecce A Fields
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, 4235 TAMU, College, Station, TX, 77843-4235, USA
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Weinberger AH, Pang RD, Seng EK, Levin J, Esan H, Segal KS, Shuter J. Self-control and smoking in a sample of adults living with HIV/AIDS: A cross-sectional survey. Addict Behav 2021; 116:106807. [PMID: 33460989 PMCID: PMC7887055 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cigarette smoking prevalences are very high in persons living with HIV (PLWH). Identifying variables among PLWH that are linked to smoking in community samples (e.g., self-control) can inform smoking treatments for PLWH. The current study examined the association of self-reported self-control and smoking (e.g., smoking status, cigarette dependence) in a sample of PLWH. METHODS Adult PLWH were recruited from the Center for Positive Living (Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, US). All participants completed measures of demographics, cigarette smoking, and self-control. Participants who reported current cigarette smoking completed measures of cigarette dependence; intolerance for smoking abstinence; and motivation, confidence, and desire to quit smoking. RESULTS The overall sample included 285 PLWH (49.1% cigarette users, 55.4% male, 52.7% Black race, 54.8% Latino/a ethnicity). PLWH with current cigarette smoking reported lower self-control than PLWH with no current cigarette smoking (M = 116.88, SD = 17.07 versus M = 127.39, SD = 20.32; t = -4.15, df = 211, p < 0.001). Among PLWH with current cigarette smoking, lower self-control was associated with greater cigarette dependence (ρ = -0.272, p < 0.01), and lower confidence in quitting smoking cigarettes (ρ = 0.214, p < 0.05). Lower self-control was associated with greater overall smoking abstinence intolerance (ρ = -0.221, p < 0.05) and withdrawal intolerance (ρ = -0.264, p < 0.01). DISCUSSION Among a sample of PLWH, lower self-control was related to cigarette smoking (versus no smoking), greater cigarette dependence, lower confidence in quitting smoking, and greater intolerance for smoking abstinence. It may be useful to target self-control among PLWH to increase confidence in quitting and abstinence intolerance with the goal of improving smoking cessation outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea H Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
| | - Raina D Pang
- Keck School of Medicine at University of Southern California, Department of Preventive Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth K Seng
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA; The Saul R. Korey Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jacob Levin
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Hannah Esan
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Kate S Segal
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jonathan Shuter
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; AIDS Center and Division of Infectious Diseases, Montefiore Medical Center and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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Relationships between traditional and cyber harassment and self-identity confusion among Taiwanese gay and bisexual men in emerging adulthood. Compr Psychiatry 2019; 90:14-20. [PMID: 30639893 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2018.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Harassment victimization is prevalent among gay and bisexual men and may negatively impact the victims' mental health. AIMS To examine the relationships between traditional and cyber harassment and self-identity confusion among Taiwanese gay and bisexual men in emerging adulthood. PROCEDURES A total of 305 gay or bisexual men (age, 20-25 years) in Taiwan were recruited. Participants' self-identity confusion and the experiences of traditional and cyber harassment were assessed. The relationships of experiences of harassment victimization, number of places at which traditional harassment occurred, and type of harassment victimization with self-identity confusion were examined using multiple regression analysis. RESULTS Both victims of verbal ridicule and relational exclusion and victims of physical aggression and theft of belongings had higher levels of disturbed identity and lack of identity than did non-victims. Those who experienced traditional harassment at multiple places had higher levels of unconsolidated identity and lack of identity than did those who experienced traditional harassment at only one place. Those who experienced multiple types of harassment had higher levels of unconsolidated identity than those who experienced only one type of harassment. DISCUSSIONS Victimization of traditional harassment and multisite and multitype harassments were significantly related to self-identity confusion in gay and bisexual men.
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Ferrer-Wreder L, Lorente CC, Kurtines W, Briones E, Bussell J, Berman S, Arrufat O. Promoting Identity Development in Marginalized Youth. JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0743558402172004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This studytested a school-based intervention developed for use with urban minority youth vulnerable to multiple negative developmental outcomes. A quasi-experimental design (pre-and post-follow-up with matched comparison condition) was used to evaluate the impact of the intervention on promoting positive change in four developmental domains (skills/knowledge, attitudes, orientations, exploration/commitment) related to identitydevelopment. The final set of participants comprised a matched sample of 92 youngsters, 46 in the intervention and 46 in the comparison condition. Quantitative results indicated that the intervention condition showed positive and significant gains from pre-to posttest on multiple indices, with a tendencytoward the “leveling off” of intervention gains at follow-up. A qualitative assessment of the impact of the intervention illustrated positive effects of the intervention as well as the possible obstacles to intervention efficacy.
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Grotevant HD. Family Processes, Identity Development, and Behavioral Outcomes for Adopted Adolescents. JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0743554897121008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Relationship processes of connection, regulation, and autonomy within families are considered with respect to the development of identity in adopted adolescents. Following discussion of the changing nature ofadoptive family relationships in North America and conceptual and methodological issues in the study of identity, it is argued that coherence of identity narratives can serve as a useful window on adolescent development. A research agenda linking family processes with identity development in adopted adolecsents that involves both descriptive and hypothesis-testing phases is outlined. It is specifically hypothesized that variations in openness in adoption (forms of connection) moderate the relation between family process and adolescent outcomes and that identity (a form of autonomy) mediates this link.
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Miller-Lewis LR, Wade TD, Lee C. Risk factors for pregnancy and childbearing in single young women: Evidence from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL DEVELOPMENT 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/01650250544000071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated psychosocial predictors of early pregnancy and childbearing in single young women, consistent with the Eriksonian developmental perspective. Two mail-out surveys assessing reproductive behaviour and sociodemographic, education/competence, psychosocial well-being, and aspiration factors were completed 4 years apart by 2635 young women, aged 18 to 20 when first surveyed. Young women in the “emerging adulthood” developmental period were selected from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health. Longitudinally, lower investment in education over low-status paid work, experiencing unemployment, greater psychosocial distress, stress and alcohol use, and high family aspirations combined with low vocational aspirations were risk factors for early single pregnancy and childbearing. Several mediational relationships also existed between these predictor variables. It was concluded that psychosocial factors play an important role in understanding early pregnancy and childbearing in single young Australian women, and that the findings provide some support for investigating early pregnancy and childbearing from an Eriksonian developmental perspective.
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Jenkins BN, Rook KS, Borges-Garcia R, Franks MM, Stephens MAP. Too much of a good thing? Overexertion of self-control and dietary adherence in individuals with Type 2 diabetes. Br J Health Psychol 2016; 21:648-59. [PMID: 27061121 DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.12192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The resource model of self-control posits that self-control is a finite resource that can be depleted. Individuals with diabetes must continually restrict their diet, requiring self-control. As a result, dietary adherence is difficult, and lapses are common. People with diabetes who overexert self-control following a lapse may be especially likely to experience a subsequent relapse, as suggested by the resource model. This investigation used the resource model of self-control to test whether overexertion of dietary self-control following a lapse would be predictive of a subsequent relapse in dietary control. DESIGN We tested this prediction in a daily diary study of 128 individuals with diabetes (Mage = 66.12). METHODS Participants' reports of their daily dietary adherence were used to define lapses in adherence, post-lapse adherence, and relapses. RESULTS Individuals who overexerted self-control after a lapse were more likely to experience a subsequent relapse (OR = 3.276, p = .016) and to do so sooner (HR = 2.12, p = .023). CONCLUSIONS People with diabetes may seek to compensate for a lapse in adherence by overexerting self-control, but doing so may deplete their self-control and increase the risk of a future relapse. Statement of contribution What is already known on this subject? The resource model of self-control posits that self-control is a limited resource that can be temporarily depleted. Numerous experimental studies have demonstrated support for this model showing that when participants are instructed to engage in a self-control task, they produce less self-control on a subsequent task. The majority of the existing studies are not conducted in naturalistic settings and do not use patient populations. What does this study add? This study is an ecologically valid test of the resource model of self-control. This study applies the resource model of self-control to a patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karen S Rook
- University of California, Irvine, California, USA
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Kozan S, Fabio AD, Blustein DL, Kenny ME. The Role of Social Support and Work-Related Factors on the School Engagement of Italian High School Students. JOURNAL OF CAREER ASSESSMENT 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/1069072713493988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This article explores the role of selected work-based constructs and social support in the prediction of school engagement in a sample of Italian high school students. A total of 137 high school students from Central Italy completed measures of social support (including teacher, peer, and parental support), career decision-making satisfaction, career planfulness, and school engagement, each of which had been translated to Italian from English. The results reveal that high levels of career decision-making satisfaction, career planfulness, and teacher support were statistically significant predictors of school engagement. The findings are discussed in relation to career development theory, educational and counseling practice, and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saliha Kozan
- Department of Counseling, Developmental, and Educational Psychology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
| | | | - David L. Blustein
- Department of Counseling, Developmental, and Educational Psychology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
| | - Maureen E. Kenny
- Department of Counseling, Developmental, and Educational Psychology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
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Ritchie RA, Meca A, Madrazo VL, Schwartz SJ, Hardy SA, Zamboanga BL, Weisskirch RS, Kim SY, Whitbourne SK, Ham LS, Lee RM. Identity dimensions and related processes in emerging adulthood: helpful or harmful? J Clin Psychol 2013; 69:415-32. [PMID: 23348360 PMCID: PMC7869142 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.21960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The current study evaluated the mediational role of well-being in the relationship between identity development and psychosocial functioning. METHOD A sample of 7,649 undergraduate students (73% female; mean age = 19.95, standard deviation = 1.98; 62% Caucasian) completed measures of personal identity, well-being, internalizing symptoms, externalizing problems, and health-risk behaviors. RESULTS Results revealed that (a) identity exploration and commitment were negatively associated with internalizing symptoms, health-risk behaviors, and externalizing problems through well-being, (b) ruminative exploration was negatively associated with well-being and positively associated with externalizing problems, and (c) increased levels of ruminative exploration appear more detrimental for men than for women. CONCLUSION The study shed light on the mechanisms through which identity processes are related to internalizing symptoms, externalizing problems, and health-risk behaviors. The role of well-being in these associations, and the potentially deleterious "side effects" of exploration and commitment appear to suggest new and important directions for identity research.
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Breakwell GM, Breakwell GM. Risk Estimation and Sexual Behaviour: A Longitudinal Study of 16- 21-year olds. J Health Psychol 2012; 1:79-91. [PMID: 22011522 DOI: 10.1177/135910539600100107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationships among risk estimation, impulsivity and patterns of sexual risk-taking in 16-21-year-olds are examined. A sample of 236 males and 340 females completed a postal questionnaire on three occasions at annual intervals. They reported their assessment of their own risk of HIV infection, the risk of HIV infection associated with six types of sexual activity, their likelihood of engaging in each of these activities, and whether they had participated in these activities between the first and second data collections. Impulsivity was indexed using a standard test. The data support the conclusion that strong social representations of sexual risks exist which do not markedly change during late adolescence. These risk estimates predict behavioural expectations, primarily for the riskiest behaviours, and for females (actual participation in vaginal sex); but for males, risk estimates fail to predict behaviour. Evidence here for a rational model of individual decision- making in relation to sexual risk- taking is sparse. Impulsivity was not a good predictor of expected or actual patterns of sexual behaviour, though higher impulsivity was associated with having more sexual partners and, in females, with starting to have sex younger.
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Brittian AS, Lerner RM. Early influences and later outcomes associated with developmental trajectories of Eriksonian fidelity. Dev Psychol 2012; 49:722-35. [PMID: 22545838 DOI: 10.1037/a0028323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Although Eriksonian theory suggests that adolescents' sense of fidelity is a key component of healthy development, research on this psychosocial construct has been limited. The current study developed an index of youth fidelity, examined the developmental course of this construct, explored the influence of contextual factors on different fidelity trajectories, and tested if trajectories were associated with later indicators of adolescents' positive development. Participants included 1,941 ethnically diverse youth (61% female) participants in the 4-H Study of Positive Youth Development who were recruited from schools and youth development programs across the United States. Results suggested that three types of developmental trajectories existed among youth: high and increasing, moderate and increasing, and low and decreasing. Fidelity group membership varied in relation to social relationships and psychosocial and behavioral characteristics (i.e., contribution, substance use, and delinquency). Girls were more likely than boys to be in the highest fidelity trajectories. Directions for future research and implications for enhancing the thriving of adolescents are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aerika S Brittian
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1040 West Harrison Street (mc 147), Chicago, IL 60607, USA.
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Duerden MD, Taniguchi S, Widmer M. Antecedents of Identity Development in a Structured Recreation Setting. JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT RESEARCH 2011. [DOI: 10.1177/0743558411417869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Identity research has focused primarily on outcomes associated with identity formation. Far less attention, however, has been given to understanding the facilitating contextual elements of this process. This qualitative study examined a context, a 2-week adventure recreation program for youth, quantitatively shown in previous research to have promoted identity development. The program took place in Idaho’s Salmon-Challis National Forest and involved rafting, backpacking, mountain biking, and a variety of other outdoor activities. Data were gathered from 23 female and 22 male participants, ages 11 to 15 ( M = 13.2, SD = .89). Seven distinct categories emerged from the analysis related to participants’ perceptions of the program experience including: (a) new experiences, (b) challenge, (c) supportive relationships, (d) acquisition of new skills and knowledge, (e) increased self-confidence, (f) fun, and (g) new self-perceptions. A preliminary framework incorporating the identified elements is proposed. The findings add to the understanding of identity formation antecedents and provide guidance regarding the intentional design of contexts to promote identity development.
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Kenny ME, Walsh-Blair LY, Blustein DL, Bempechat J, Seltzer J. Achievement motivation among urban adolescents: Work hope, autonomy support, and achievement-related beliefs. JOURNAL OF VOCATIONAL BEHAVIOR 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvb.2010.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Gloppen KM, David-Ferdon C, Bates J. Confidence as a predictor of sexual and reproductive health outcomes for youth. J Adolesc Health 2010; 46:S42-58. [PMID: 20172459 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2009.11.216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2009] [Revised: 11/21/2009] [Accepted: 11/21/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the association between four positive youth development (PYD) constructs of confidence and adolescent sexual and reproductive health (ASRH) outcomes. METHODS We searched nine online databases to locate behavioral research that examined the association between four constructs of confidence (belief in the future, self-determination, clear and positive identity, and self-efficacy) and ASRH outcomes (e.g., ever had sex, condom use, contraception use, number of partners, pregnancy/birth, and sexually transmitted infection). Findings were coded as "protective," "risk," or "no association." The presence of at least two longitudinal studies reporting consistent significant associations for at least one ASRH outcome indicated evidence for a protective or risk association. RESULTS We found evidence to support two of the four PYD constructs of confidence (belief in the future and self-determination) as protective factors for ASRH outcomes. Evidence was insufficient to draw conclusions about clear and positive identity as a protective factor, and was mixed for self-efficacy. Measures of confidence varied considerably across the studies reviewed, reflecting varying definitions; often, the measures used had limited information on reliability. Few longitudinal investigations were identified, and available studies were inconsistent in how they examined the association between the PYD constructs and ASRH outcomes. Evidence for most constructs was insufficient to identify their influence on specific sub-groups of youth. CONCLUSIONS Despite the need for additional research, this review suggests that belief in the future and self-determination are promising protective factors. Further research is needed to better understand the potential for self-efficacy and clear and positive identity as protective factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kari M Gloppen
- Division of Adolescent and School Health, CDC, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.
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Schwartz SJ. The Structure of Identity Consolidation: Multiple Correlated Constructs or One Superordinate Construct? IDENTITY-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THEORY AND RESEARCH 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/15283480701319583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Miller-Lewis L, Wade T, Lee C. Psychosocial risk factors for pregnancy risk-taking in young women in emerging adulthood: Evidence from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health. AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/00049530500125140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Miller-Lewis
- School of Psychology, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia and
- Research and Evaluation Unit, Women's and Children's Hospital, 72 King William Road, North Adelaide, SA, 5006, Australia
| | - Tracey Wade
- School of Psychology, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia and
| | - Christina Lee
- School of Psychology and School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Kenny ME, Bledsoe M. Contributions of the relational context to career adaptability among urban adolescents. JOURNAL OF VOCATIONAL BEHAVIOR 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvb.2004.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Bogg T, Roberts BW. Conscientiousness and health-related behaviors: a meta-analysis of the leading behavioral contributors to mortality. Psychol Bull 2005; 130:887-919. [PMID: 15535742 DOI: 10.1037/0033-2909.130.6.887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 847] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Previous research has established conscientiousness as a predictor of longevity (H. S. Friedman et al., 1993; L. R. Martin & H. S. Friedman, 2000). To better understand this relationship, the authors conducted a meta-analysis of conscientiousness-related traits and the leading behavioral contributors to mortality in the United States (tobacco use, diet and activity patterns, excessive alcohol use, violence, risky sexual behavior, risky driving, suicide, and drug use). Data sources were located by combining conscientiousness-related terms and relevant health-related behavior terms in database searches as well as by retrieving dissertations and requesting unpublished data from electronic mailing lists. The resulting database contained 194 studies that were quantitatively synthesized. Results showed that conscientiousness-related traits were negatively related to all risky health-related behaviors and positively related to all beneficial health-related behaviors. This study demonstrates the importance of conscientiousness' contribution to the health process through its relationship to health-related behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Bogg
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA.
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Ramisetty-Mikler S, Caetano R, Goebert D, Nishimura S. Ethnic variation in drinking, drug use, and sexual behavior among adolescents in Hawaii. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2004; 74:16-22. [PMID: 15022371 DOI: 10.1111/j.1746-1561.2004.tb06596.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This study examined ethnic differences in substance use and sexual behavior and whether drinking and drug use constitute risk factors for unsafe sexual practices among Native Hawaiian (NH), Caucasian, and Asian/Pacific Islander (API) high school students in Hawaii. A secondary data analysis of the Youth Risk Behavior Survey (1997 and 1999) using a representative sample of 2,657 students in 9-12 grades was performed. Chi-square tests for bivariate associations and multivariate regression analyses were conducted to identify predictors. NHs were more sexually active, initiated sex earlier, and tended to have multiple partners. Alcohol lifetime use was higher in NH, Caucasians, and males. NHs were more likely to initiate drinking by age 12 and engage more in episodic drinking. Non-episodic or episodic drinkers and students who use drugs were at risk to engage in sexual activity, have multiple partners, and use alcohol/drugs during sex. Risk was two times higher for substance use during sex if drinking was initiated at age 10 or younger compared to 15 years or older. Compared to abstainers, the risk doubled for lifetime multiple partners if drinking was initiated at ages 13-14. Overall, females were more sexually active. Because drinking was associated with sexual initiation and risky behavior, adverse effects of alcohol must be addressed in programs targeting underage drinking, thus helping youth delay or minimize sexual activity and prevent other associated problems. Intervention efforts should enhance life skills that endorse abstinence from alcohol and drug use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhasini Ramisetty-Mikler
- University of Texas School of Public Health, Dallas Campus, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Room V8.112, Dallas, TX 75390-9128, USA.
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Svenson GR, Ostergren PO, Merlo J, Råstam L. Action control and situational risks in the prevention of HIV and STIs: individual, dyadic, and social influences on consistent condom use in a university population. AIDS EDUCATION AND PREVENTION : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR AIDS EDUCATION 2002; 14:515-531. [PMID: 12512852 DOI: 10.1521/aeap.14.8.515.24111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to gain an understanding of consistent condom use. We took the perspective that condom use involves the ability to handle situational risks influenced at multiple levels, including the individual, dyadic, and social. The hypothesis was that action control, as measured by self-regulation, implementation intentions, and self-efficacy, was the primary determinant. The study was conducted at part of a community-based intervention at a major university (36,000 students). Data was collected using a validated questionnaire mailed to a random sample of students (n = 493, response rate = 71.5%). Statistical analysis included logistic regression models that successively included background, individual, dyadic, and social variables. In the final model, consistent condom use was higher among students with strong implementation intentions, high self-regulation and positive peer norms. The results contribute new knowledge on action control in predicting sexual risk behaviors and lends support to the conceptualization and analysis of HIV/sexually transmitted infection prevention at multiple levels of influence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary R Svenson
- Department of Community Hospital, Lund University, Sweden.
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22
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Personality Pathways to Unsafe Sex: Personality, Condom Use, and HIV Risk Behaviors. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PERSONALITY 2002. [DOI: 10.1006/jrpe.2001.2334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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23
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Coleman LM. New opportunities for reducing the risk from teenage pregnancy--what is the evidence base for tackling risk behaviours in combination? HEALTH RISK & SOCIETY 2002. [DOI: 10.1080/13698570210291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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24
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Lightfoot M, Healy C. Career development, coping, and emotional distress in youth living with HIV. J Couns Psychol 2001. [DOI: 10.1037/0022-0167.48.4.484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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25
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Abraham C, Sheeran P, Norman P, Conner M, Vries ND, Otten W. When Good Intentions Are Not Enough: Modeling Postdecisional Cognitive Correlates of Condom Use1. JOURNAL OF APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 1999. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1559-1816.1999.tb00127.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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26
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Vanwesenbeeck I, Zessenz GV, Ingham R, Jaramazoviĉ E, Stevens D. Factors and processes in heterosexual competence and risk: An integrated review of the evidence. Psychol Health 1999. [DOI: 10.1080/08870449908407312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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27
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Decision making and personality factors in sexual risk-taking for HIV/AIDS: A theoretical integration. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0191-8869(95)00109-j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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28
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Sheeran P, Abraham C. Measurement of condom use in 72 studies of HIV-preventive behaviour: a critical review. PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING 1994; 24:199-216. [PMID: 7753715 DOI: 10.1016/0738-3991(94)90065-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Ninety-four distinct measures of condom use were identified in a review of 72 psychosocial studies of HIV-prevention. A coding scheme was developed which characterised each measure in terms of: (1) type of measure (e.g. frequency of use, use at last intercourse), (2) response alternatives (e.g. Likert scale), (3) recall period (e.g. lifetime, last month), (4) partner specification (e.g. 'new' partner), and (5) activity specification (e.g. vaginal or anal intercourse). Results show a great deal of inconsistency in measurements of condom use across studies. Single-item frequency or consistency measures were most common. Several difficulties with measures employed to date were identified. These included indeterminate reliability and validity of measures, lack of attention to the epidemiological significance of different types of use and terminological and self-presentational problems with items assessing use. Implications of extant measurement approaches for the accumulated knowledge base on predictors of 'safer' sex and suggestions for future research in this area are outlined.
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