1
|
Ishii K, Onishi Y, Miyamura N, Fukuhara N, Ishizawa K, Nakanishi M, Ohnaka S, Miyasaka T, Kanno E, Kawakami K, Harigae H, Kaku M. Development and evaluation of a quantitative assay detecting cytomegalovirus transcripts for preemptive therapy in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. J Med Virol 2017; 89:1265-1273. [DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Ishii
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology; Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine; Sendai Japan
| | - Yasushi Onishi
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology; Tohoku University Hospital; Sendai Japan
| | - Namiko Miyamura
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology; Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine; Sendai Japan
| | - Noriko Fukuhara
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology; Tohoku University Hospital; Sendai Japan
| | - Kenichi Ishizawa
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology; Tohoku University Hospital; Sendai Japan
| | | | | | - Tomomitsu Miyasaka
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology; Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine; Sendai Japan
| | - Emi Kanno
- Department of Science of Nursing Practice; Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine; Sendai Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Kawakami
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology; Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine; Sendai Japan
| | - Hideo Harigae
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology; Tohoku University Hospital; Sendai Japan
| | - Mitsuo Kaku
- Department of Infection Control and Laboratory Diagnostics, Internal Medicine; Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine; Sendai Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Guedes MIMC, Risdahl JM, Wiseman B, Molitor TW. Reactivation of porcine cytomegalovirus through allogeneic stimulation. J Clin Microbiol 2004; 42:1756-8. [PMID: 15071041 PMCID: PMC387544 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.42.4.1756-1758.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactivation of latent porcine cytomegalovirus after coculture of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from pigs with different genetic backgrounds was investigated. Nine of 10 allogeneic coculture pairs were PCR (DNA) positive, whereas 7 coculture pairs had porcine cytomegalovirus (PCMV) RNA, an indication of virus replication. The cell subpopulations harboring PCMV were monocytes and CD8+ T cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Isabel M C Guedes
- Department of Clinical and Population Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Joo CH, Lee H, Kim E, Lee B, Cho YK, Kim YK. Differential amplifying RT-PCR: a novel RT-PCR method to differentiate mRNA from its DNA lacking intron. J Virol Methods 2002; 100:71-81. [PMID: 11742654 DOI: 10.1016/s0166-0934(01)00401-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A major problem with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is that the products amplified from RNA and DNA are not distinguishable. The use of a primer set targeted for an intron-containing sequence or RNA extract without contaminating DNA has been established to overcome this problem. However, an intron sequence does not always exist in the target region and complete removal of DNA during RNA extraction is not practical. For these reasons, we developed differential amplifying RT-PCR (DART-PCR) based on differences in reaction temperatures between RT and PCR, as well as in architectures between RNA and DNA. DART-PCR was designed to differentiate products amplified from RNA and DNA regardless of the presence of introns. DART-PCR can be readily applied for diagnosis of active infection of human cytomegalovirus by detection of glycoprotein B mRNA, which gene lacks introns. Other advantages of DART-PCR were as follows: there is no need for separation of RNA from DNA, simultaneous/differential detection in a single tube and possibility of determination of relative amounts of RNA and DNA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chul Hyun Joo
- Department of Microbiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 388-1 Pungnap-dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Boriskin YS, Fuller K, Powles RL, Vipond IB, Rice PS, Booth JC, Caul EO, Butcher PD. Early detection of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in bone marrow transplant patients by reverse transcription-PCR for CMV spliced late gene UL21.5: a two site evaluation. J Clin Virol 2002; 24:13-23. [PMID: 11744424 DOI: 10.1016/s1386-6532(01)00209-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone marrow transplant (BMT) patients at risk of developing cytomegalovirus (CMV) pneumonitis are identified routinely by the early detection of virus in blood. For early diagnosis of CMV infection, the RNA-based approach demonstrates advantages when compared with the current CMV antigen and DNA detection methods. OBJECTIVES We have evaluated our previously developed reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to a spliced late CMV gene (SLG; J. Virol. Methods 56 (1996), 139) to monitor CMV infection in BMT patients at two clinical sites. The diagnostic value of the SLG RT-PCR was compared with the routine CMV antigen and DNA detection methods. STUDY DESIGN Weekly blood samples from BMT patients were tested for CMV during the first 3 months post-transplant. The qualitative SLG RT-PCR, semiquantitative DNA PCR, and viral antigen tests were compared. The RNA and DNA PCR results were analysed in terms of their temporal relationship and consistency of CMV detection and compared with CMV infection diagnosed by viral antigen tests. RESULTS Of the 101 BMT recipients studied, 25 developed CMV antigenemia and/or DNAemia resulting in symptomatic infection in two patients. All CMV PCR-positive patients were either CMV seropositive pretransplant or received marrow from seropositive donor. The highest incidence of CMV infection was seen in seropositive recipients (R+) irrespective of the donor's status. Detection of CMV infection by SLG RNA preceded CMV DNA detection by 0-2 weeks (median 1 week) and CMV antigen detection by 0-8 weeks (median 3 weeks). Once detected, the SLG RNA remained consistently positive before antiviral treatment was commenced. Both the SLG RNA and CMV DNA detection methods had the same clinical sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of 100, 94, 80 and 100%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The RT-PCR for SLG RNA proved to be the earliest indicator of CMV infection in BMT patients demonstrating a sustained pattern of CMV detection during the 3 months post-transplant period. Although very similar in its diagnostic performance to CMV DNA PCR the SLG RNA RT-PCR does not require quantitation and provides an efficient and ongoing indication of active CMV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu S Boriskin
- Department of Medical Microbiology, St. George's Hospital Medical School, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 ORE, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Andre E, Imbert-Marcille BM, Cantarovich D, Besse B, Ferre-Aubineau V, Billaudel S. Use of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction with colorimetric plate hybridization to detect a cytomegalovirus late spliced mRNA in polymorphonuclear leukocytes from renal transplant patients. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 1999; 34:287-91. [PMID: 10459479 DOI: 10.1016/s0732-8893(99)00043-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus replication was evaluated in polymorphonuclear leukocytes from ten renal transplant recipients. Three new reverse transcription polymerase chain reactions with plate hybridization suitable for automation were developed for the detection of immediate-early spliced UL123 mRNA, early-late pp65 mRNA, and late spliced UL22 mRNA. The presence of UL22mRNA was found to be significantly associated with the occurrence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Andre
- Virology Laboratory, Nantes University Hospital, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Prösch S, Schielke E, Reip A, Meisel H, Volk HD, Einhäupl KM, Krüger DH. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) encephalitis in an immunocompetent young person and diagnostic reliability of HCMV DNA PCR using cerebrospinal fluid of nonimmunosuppressed patients. J Clin Microbiol 1998; 36:3636-40. [PMID: 9817887 PMCID: PMC105254 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.36.12.3636-3640.1998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) encephalitis in adult nonimmunosuppressed patients has rarely been reported. We have diagnosed HCMV encephalitis in an anti-HCMV immunoglobulin G-negative, nonimmunosuppressed young woman by HCMV DNA PCR and virus isolation from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). At the same time, HCMV antigen and HCMV DNA could be demonstrated in peripheral blood leukocytes, and the virus was isolated in fibroblast cultures. After 22 days of acute illness, the virus disappeared from the CSF. Remarkably, the patient did not generate detectable anti-HCMV antibodies within 5 months after the beginning of illness. To investigate the significance of HCMV DNA detection in CSF, samples of CSF, blood cells, and serum from 35 nonimmunosuppressed patients with various neurological disorders (but no herpes simplex virus central nervous system [CNS] disease) were tested for HCMV DNA, antigen, and antibodies. Eleven of these patients were found to be positive for virus DNA and/or antigen in peripheral blood leukocytes. Additionally, HCMV DNA was detected in the CSF of two patients with noninflammatory CNS diseases. A causative role of HCMV in the CNS diseases of these two patients was not evident. In summary, HCMV DNA amplification from CSF samples is a very suitable method to verify HCMV-associated encephalitis, but it should be taken into consideration that there are few cases of positive PCR with DNA from CSF without any known clinical correlative.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Prösch
- Departments of Medical Virology, Charité Medical School, Humboldt University, D-10098 Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Contreras A, Slots J. Active cytomegalovirus infection in human periodontitis. ORAL MICROBIOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY 1998; 13:225-30. [PMID: 10093537 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-302x.1998.tb00700.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study used the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction method to determine mRNA transcription of subgingival human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in six adult and three localized juvenile periodontitis patients. The oligonucleotide primers targeted the major capsid protein gene to determine active HCMV infection. HCMV major capsid protein transcript was detected in deep periodontal pockets of two adult and two localized juvenile periodontitis patients but not in any shallow periodontal sites. The findings suggest that active HCMV replication can occur in periodontal sites. Further studies are necessary to establish whether periodontal reactivation of HCMV correlates with the initiation or progression of destructive periodontal disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Contreras
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gaeta A, Nazzari C, Angeletti S, Lazzarini M, Mazzei E, Mancini C. Monitoring for cytomegalovirus infection in organ transplant recipients: analysis of pp65 antigen, DNA and late mRNA in peripheral blood leukocytes. J Med Virol 1997; 53:189-95. [PMID: 9365881 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-9071(199711)53:3<189::aid-jmv2>3.0.co;2-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The use of sensitive and specific methods for rapid and reliable diagnosis is required due to the considerable impact of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in organ transplant recipients. For this purpose the demonstration of the presence of viral antigens in peripheral blood leukocytes (PMNLs) and of viral nucleic acids in the same cells or in sera would seem to be of valid support. The present study was designed to test pp65 antigen, HCMV DNA and HCMV late mRNA in order to provide clinical information for the management of the infection. Fifty solid organ recipients were monitored for six months after transplant. The data obtained from the various tests were analysed from the first evidence of HCMV infection revealed by positive antigenaemia and/or DNA-polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In 3 asymptomatic and in 7 symptomatic patients, PCR became positive 1-2 weeks before antigenaemia but PCR did not discriminate the clinical evolution of HCMV infection. The antigenaemia test well correlated to the development of viral infection being positive in all symptomatics and in 31, 2% of asymptomatics. The antigenic load > 100/2 x 10(5) positive cells was always associated with clinical signs of illness. The detection of late mRNA was more indicative of the virus replicative status in the follow-up of patients treated with ganciclovir. In some cases there was evidence, prior to the other two tests, the block of viral replication due to the antiviral therapy and in others the onset of HCMV infection relapse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Gaeta
- I Chair, School of Medicine, University of Rome La Sapienza, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Nelson PN, Rawal BK, Boriskin YS, Mathers KE, Powles RL, Steel HM, Tryhorn YS, Butcher PD, Booth JC. A polymerase chain reaction to detect a spliced late transcript of human cytomegalovirus in the blood of bone marrow transplant recipients. J Virol Methods 1996; 56:139-48. [PMID: 8882644 DOI: 10.1016/0166-0934(95)01900-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
A reverse transcription (RT) nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) procedure is described for detecting RNA to a spliced late gene (SLG) of human cytomegalovirus (CMV), the product of which (175 bp) is easily differentiated in agarose gels from the product when the target is unspliced viral RNA or DNA (258 bp). The SLG-RT-PCR has been compared against a semi-quantitative PCR for CMV DNA in buffy-coat specimens collected weekly after bone marrow transplantation from 3 patients and against the results of culturing these specimens for CMV both by conventional virus isolation, based on the detection of cytopathic effect, and by the early detection of infected cells by staining with virus-specific monoclonal antibodies. The detection of CMV RNA by SLG-RT-PCR correlated well with the detection of infective virus but only when the results of both culture methods were combined, in that neither culture method alone was as sensitive as the SLG-RT-PCR. The presence of SLG RNA in the circulation is of value as a marker of active CMV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P N Nelson
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Luppi M, Barozzi P, Marasca R, Ceccherini-Nelli L, Ceccherelli G, Torelli G. Human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) in blood donors. Br J Haematol 1995; 89:943-5. [PMID: 7772542 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1995.tb08446.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
|
11
|
Nishihara H, Ito M, Matsumoto N, Nakano T, Ihara T, Kamiya H, Sakurai M. Detection of human cytomegalovirus DNA in immunocompromised children by polymerase chain reaction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995; 3:73-81. [PMID: 15566789 DOI: 10.1016/0928-0197(94)00024-o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/1994] [Revised: 03/28/1994] [Accepted: 04/22/1994] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a major complication in immunocompromised patients, such as those with leukemia, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and allograft recipients. A sensitive and specific diagnostic procedure of CMV infection is required. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) procedure has been demonstrated to be more sensitive than conventional virus isolation. However, CMV DNA can be detected in patients with latent or asymptomatic infections by PCR because of its extreme sensitivity. OBJECTIVES In this study, we used PCR and reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) to detect CMV DNA and mRNA in immunocompromised patients and evaluated the value of PCR and RT-PCR for diagnosis of active CMV infection. STUDY DESIGN We examined thirty immunocompromised children for CMV DNA using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL). urine and throat swabs from October 1991 to March 1992. Eighteen of the patients had acute lymphoblastic leukemia, four had non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, two had Wilms' tumor and six were recipients of an allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Four patients developed CMV-related clinical symptoms during the observation period: two patients with pneumonia and two patients with hepatitis. RESULTS CMV DNA was detected in four patients with clinical symptoms and in five patients without evidence of CMV infection. The incidence of CMV DNA was significantly higher in symptomatic patients than asymptomatic patients. CMV mRNA encoding the late antigen was detected by RT-PCR only in patients with clinical symptoms of CMV infection. CONCLUSIONS We concluded that detection of CMV DNA by PCR is of little clinical significance for distinguishing latent form active CMV infection. It is suggested that detection of CMV mRNA by RT-PCR is useful for diagnosis of active CMV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Nishihara
- Department of Pediatrics, Mie University School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie, 514 Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Affiliation(s)
- M Boeckh
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98104, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bettinger D, Mougin C, Lab M. Rapid detection of active cytomegalovirus infection by in situ polymerase chain reaction on MRC5 cells inoculated with blood specimens. J Virol Methods 1994; 49:59-66. [PMID: 7829592 DOI: 10.1016/0166-0934(94)90055-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
An in situ polymerase chain reaction was developed to amplify immediate early genes of human cytomegalovirus in cells cultured in a 96 well plate and infected with leukocytes. The technical parameters enabling optimal detection of the DNA sequences were defined. The key to this method is the fixation of cells, which facilitates the access of the PCR mixture into the cell nuclei and preserves cell morphology. Such a technique could have wide application for the detection and identification of other infectious viruses in cultured cells very early after inoculation of clinical samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Bettinger
- Laboratoire de Virologie, C.H.U. Saint-Jacques, Besançon, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Gozlan J, Salord JM, Chouaïd C, Duvivier C, Picard O, Meyohas MC, Petit JC. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) late-mRNA detection in peripheral blood of AIDS patients: diagnostic value for HCMV disease compared with those of viral culture and HCMV DNA detection. J Clin Microbiol 1993; 31:1943-5. [PMID: 8394381 PMCID: PMC265667 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.31.7.1943-1945.1993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
A reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect a human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) late mRNA in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) of 102 human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals. The clinical value of this new technique for the diagnosis of acute HCMV disease was evaluated in comparison with viral culture and direct amplification of viral DNA (PCR). The sensitivity of the RT-PCR was slightly lower than that of the two other methods, but its specificity was 94%, compared to 55 and 32% for culture and PCR, respectively. Transcription of this late mRNA is linked to viral replication, and its detection in PBL confirms that these cells can support a complete viral cycle. The relationship between complete replicative cycles and HCMV disease makes RT-PCR a useful clinical tool.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Gozlan
- Service de Bactériologie-Virologie, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|