1
|
Meng X, O'Hare D, Ladame S. Surface immobilization strategies for the development of electrochemical nucleic acid sensors. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 237:115440. [PMID: 37406480 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Following the recent pandemic and with the emergence of cell-free nucleic acids in liquid biopsies as promising biomarkers for a broad range of pathologies, there is an increasing demand for a new generation of nucleic acid tests, with a particular focus on cost-effective, highly sensitive and specific biosensors. Easily miniaturized electrochemical sensors show the greatest promise and most typically rely on the chemical functionalization of conductive materials or electrodes with sequence-specific hybridization probes made of standard oligonucleotides (DNA or RNA) or synthetic analogues (e.g. Peptide Nucleic Acids or PNAs). The robustness of such sensors is mostly influenced by the ability to control the density and orientation of the probe at the surface of the electrode, making the chemistry used for this immobilization a key parameter. This exhaustive review will cover the various strategies to immobilize nucleic acid probes onto different solid electrode materials. Both physical and chemical immobilization techniques will be presented. Their applicability to specific electrode materials and surfaces will also be discussed as well as strategies for passivation of the electrode surface as a way of preventing electrode fouling and reducing nonspecific binding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Meng
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK. https://in.linkedin.com/https://www.linkedin.com/profile/view?id=xiaotong-meng-888IC
| | - Danny O'Hare
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Sylvain Ladame
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yence M, Cetinkaya A, Ozcelikay G, Kaya SI, Ozkan SA. Boron-Doped Diamond Electrodes: Recent Developments and Advances in View of Electrochemical Drug Sensors. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2021; 52:1122-1138. [PMID: 33464132 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2020.1863769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Conductive boron-doped diamond (BDD), in addition to its superior material properties, offers many important advantages that make it an interesting material for electroanalytical studies. It has been considered as an excellent electrode material for electrooxidation of drug active compounds in their dosage forms or in biological materials due to its good physical and chemical properties. It contains not only the largest solvent working potential window compared to other electrode materials, but also it has low background and capacitive currents; lower problems with passivation and it has the ability to withstand extreme potentials, corrosive, and high temperature/pressure environments. The aim of this review is not only to provide a state-of-the-art of diamond electrochemistry but also to serve as a reference point for any researcher wishing to commence work with diamond electrodes and understand electrochemical data. Therefore, it is focused on the carbon-based materials, electrochemical properties of the BDD film electrode, its fundamental research, and its electrochemical pretreatment process are discussed in detail. In this case, there are important studies to show the effective BDD drug sensors for the detection and determination of drugs and the present review critically summarizes the available data in this field between 2015 and 2020.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Merve Yence
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Cetinkaya
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Goksu Ozcelikay
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - S Irem Kaya
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.,Gulhane Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sibel A Ozkan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Šelešovská R, Hlobeňová F, Skopalová J, Cankař P, Janíková L, Chýlková J. Electrochemical oxidation of anti-inflammatory drug meloxicam and its determination using boron doped diamond electrode. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2019.113758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
4
|
Yang N, Yu S, Macpherson JV, Einaga Y, Zhao H, Zhao G, Swain GM, Jiang X. Conductive diamond: synthesis, properties, and electrochemical applications. Chem Soc Rev 2019; 48:157-204. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00757d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes systematically the growth, properties, and electrochemical applications of conductive diamond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nianjun Yang
- Institute of Materials Engineering
- University of Siegen
- Siegen 57076
- Germany
| | - Siyu Yu
- Institute of Materials Engineering
- University of Siegen
- Siegen 57076
- Germany
| | | | - Yasuaki Einaga
- Department of Chemistry
- Keio University
- Yokohama 223-8522
- Japan
| | - Hongying Zhao
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering
- Tongji University
- Shanghai 200092
- China
| | - Guohua Zhao
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering
- Tongji University
- Shanghai 200092
- China
| | | | - Xin Jiang
- Institute of Materials Engineering
- University of Siegen
- Siegen 57076
- Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Šelešovská R, Kränková B, Štěpánková M, Martinková P, Janíková L, Chýlková J, Vojs M. Influence of boron content on electrochemical properties of boron-doped diamond electrodes and their utilization for leucovorin determination. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
6
|
van den Brink FTG, Zhang T, Ma L, Bomer J, Odijk M, Olthuis W, Permentier HP, Bischoff R, van den Berg A. Electrochemical Protein Cleavage in a Microfluidic Cell with Integrated Boron Doped Diamond Electrodes. Anal Chem 2016; 88:9190-8. [PMID: 27563730 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b02413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Specific electrochemical cleavage of peptide bonds at the C-terminal side of tyrosine and tryptophan generates peptides amenable to liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis for protein identification. To this end we developed a microfluidic electrochemical cell of 160 nL volume that combines a cell geometry optimized for a high electrochemical conversion efficiency (>95%) with an integrated boron doped diamond (BDD) working electrode offering a wide potential window in aqueous solution and reduced adsorption of peptides and proteins. Efficient cleavage of the proteins bovine insulin and chicken egg white lysozyme was observed at 4 out of 4 and 7 out of 9 of the predicted cleavage sites, respectively. Chicken egg white lysozyme was identified based on 5 electrochemically generated peptides using a proteomics database searching algorithm. These results show that electrochemical peptide bond cleavage in a microfluidic cell is a novel, fully instrumental approach toward protein analysis and eventually proteomics studies in conjunction with mass spectrometry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Floris T G van den Brink
- BIOS-Lab on a Chip Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology and MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente , 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Tao Zhang
- Analytical Biochemistry and Interfaculty Mass Spectrometry Center, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen , 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Liwei Ma
- BIOS-Lab on a Chip Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology and MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente , 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Johan Bomer
- BIOS-Lab on a Chip Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology and MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente , 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Mathieu Odijk
- BIOS-Lab on a Chip Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology and MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente , 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter Olthuis
- BIOS-Lab on a Chip Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology and MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente , 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Hjalmar P Permentier
- Analytical Biochemistry and Interfaculty Mass Spectrometry Center, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen , 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rainer Bischoff
- Analytical Biochemistry and Interfaculty Mass Spectrometry Center, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen , 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Albert van den Berg
- BIOS-Lab on a Chip Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology and MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente , 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang W, Zhu S, Luque R, Han S, Hu L, Xu G. Recent development of carbon electrode materials and their bioanalytical and environmental applications. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:715-52. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00297d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
New synthetic approaches, materials, properties, electroanalytical applications and perspectives of carbon materials are presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- China
| | - Shuyun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- China
| | - Rafael Luque
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- China
| | - Shuang Han
- Shenyang University of Chemical Technology
- Shenyang
- China
| | - Lianzhe Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- China
| | - Guobao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
|
9
|
Abstract
ABSTRACTSingle crystal diamond has been implanted at 1 MeV with 2×1020 Ar/m2. Rutherford backscattering spectrometry in a channeled geometry revealed a broad amorphized region underlying a thin, partially crystalline layer. Raman spectroscopy disclosed modifications in the bonding characteristic of the appearance of non-diamond carbon. The complementary nature of the two analysis techniques is demonstrated. The Knoop hardness of the implanted diamond was reduced by implantation.
Collapse
|
10
|
A New Metal-Ion Source with An Electron-Beam Evaporator for Surface Modification. E-JOURNAL OF SURFACE SCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2010. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2010.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
11
|
Enache TA, Chiorcea-Paquim AM, Fatibello-Filho O, Oliveira-Brett AM. Hydroxyl radicals electrochemically generated in situ on a boron-doped diamond electrode. Electrochem commun 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2009.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
|
12
|
|
13
|
Cizek K, Barek J, Fischer J, Peckova K, Zima J. Voltammetric Determination of 3-Nitrofluoranthene and 3-Aminofluoranthene at Boron Doped Diamond Thin-Film Electrode. ELECTROANAL 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200603851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
14
|
Shin D, Watanabe H, Nebel CE. Electrochemical characterization of intrinsic hydrogen terminated single crystalline CVD diamond. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/pssa.200561928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
15
|
Ohwaki T, Murai T, Yamashita K. Electric Field Effects on Electron Transfer between H +and Carbon-Based Electrode Surfaces: A DFT and Anderson–Newns Hamiltonian Analysis Study. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2002. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.75.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
16
|
Abstract
Studies on the surface modification of materials by ion implantation have been carried out during the past 25 years in RIKEN. In this paper, results of electrochemical studies on the ion-implanted materials are described to realize the unique substances formed by the ion implantation. The ion implantation is used for compositional and structural surface modification of iron and carbon substrates. Voltammetric behavior of ion-implanted iron electrodes characterized effects of the ion implantation on anodic dissolution and passivation properties of the modified surfaces. Typical electrode reaction properties of ion-implanted carbon electrodes clearly were related to the effects of structural modification of the carbon surfaces.
Collapse
|
17
|
Fausett B, Granger MC, Hupert ML, Wang J, Swain GM, Gruen DM. The Electrochemical Properties of Nanocrystalline Diamond Thin‐Films Deposited from C
60
/Argon and Methane/Nitrogen Gas Mixtures. ELECTROANAL 2000. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1521-4109(20000101)12:1<7::aid-elan7>3.0.co;2-#] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Fausett
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322‐0300, USA
| | - Michael C. Granger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322‐0300, USA
| | - Mateusz L. Hupert
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322‐0300, USA
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322‐0300, USA
| | - Greg M. Swain
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322‐0300, USA
| | - Dieter M. Gruen
- Materials Science and Chemistry Divisions, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Ave., MSD/CHM 200, Argonne, IL 60439‐4831, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yagi I, Notsu H, Kondo T, Tryk DA, Fujishima A. Electrochemical selectivity for redox systems at oxygen-terminated diamond electrodes. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-0728(99)00027-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
19
|
|
20
|
Xu J, Chen Q, Swain GM. Anthraquinonedisulfonate Electrochemistry: A Comparison of Glassy Carbon, Hydrogenated Glassy Carbon, Highly Oriented Pyrolytic Graphite, and Diamond Electrodes. Anal Chem 1998; 70:3146-54. [DOI: 10.1021/ac9800661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jishou Xu
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322-0300
| | - Qingyun Chen
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322-0300
| | - Greg M. Swain
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322-0300
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
|
22
|
Takahashi K, Iwaki M, Watanabe H. Effect of target temperature during nitrogen ion implantation on electrochemical properties of ion-implanted glassy carbon. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-0728(95)04114-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
23
|
Tenne R, Patel K, Hashimoto K, Fujishima A. Efficient electrochemical reduction of nitrate to ammonia using conductive diamond film electrodes. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-0728(93)80105-q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
24
|
Photoelectrochemical investigations on boron-doped chemically vapour-deposited diamond electrodes. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/1010-6030(92)80023-o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
25
|
Takahashi K, Yoshida K, Iwaki M. Chemical and electrochemical properties of Li+- and K+-implanted glassy carbons. Electrochim Acta 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/0013-4686(90)90062-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
26
|
Pelskov Y, Sakharova A, Krotova M, Bouilov L, Spitsyn B. Photoelectrochemical properties of semiconductor diamond. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-0728(87)80093-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|