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Panebra A, Kim WH, Hong YH, Lillehoj HS. Research Note: Characterization of monoclonal antibodies and development of sandwich ELISA for detecting chicken IL7. Poult Sci 2021; 100:100940. [PMID: 33652529 PMCID: PMC7936204 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
IL7 is a hematopoietic growth factor required for development and maintenance of lymphocytes including T cells, B cells, and natural killer cells. Recently, chicken IL7 (chIL7) has been cloned and studied in viral and parasite infection models. However, no monoclonal antibodies (mAb) that specifically detect chIL7 have been developed so far. In this study, recombinant chIL7 that expressed for immunization and mAb against chIL7 were developed and characterized to assess their immunologic properties. Five mAb exhibiting specific binding to chIL7 were generated and investigated for their applicability by Western blot, ELISA, and neutralization assays. A sandwich ELISA mAb pair that enables the measurement of chIL7 protein levels in biological samples from Eimeria-infected chickens was identified and several mAb neutralized chicken primary thymocyte proliferation mediated by chIL7. The mAb developed in this study will be valuable reagents for fundamental and applied immunological studies in poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Panebra
- Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture-ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Woo H Kim
- Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture-ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Yeong H Hong
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun S Lillehoj
- Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture-ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA.
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Rane L, Rahman S, Magalhaes I, Ambati A, Andersson J, Zumla A, Brighenti S, Maeurer MJ. IL-7δ5 protein is expressed in human tissues and induces expression of the oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor 1 (OLR1) in CD14+ monocytes. Int J Infect Dis 2017; 59:29-36. [PMID: 28279736 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The 6-exon-spanning 'canonical' Interleukin-7 (IL-7c) is a non-redundant cytokine in human T-cell homeostasis that undergoes extensive alternative pre-mRNA splicing. The IL-7 gene variant lacking, exon 5 (IL-7δ5), exhibits agonistic effects as compared to IL-7c. We studied in this report for the first time the protein expression of IL-7δ5 variant in tissues and its role in monocyte activation. METHODS We visualized the expression of IL-7δ5 protein by immunohistochemistry in both healthy and malignant (human) tissues and investigated the impact of IL-7δ5 stimulation on CD14+ monocytes using gene expression analysis and flow cytometry. RESULTS IL-7δ5 is largely expressed by human epithelial cells, yet also by stromal cells in malignant lesions. Gene expression analysis in CD14+ monocytes, induced by the 6-exon spanning IL-7 or IL-7δ5 showed similar changes resulting in a pro-inflammatory phenotype and increased expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism. IL7δ5 was superior in inducing upregulation of the oxidised low density lipoprotein receptor (OLR), measured by flow cytometry, in CD14+ cells. CONCLUSION IL-7δ5, produced from non-transformed and transformed cells, may contribute to chronic inflammatory responses and development of 'foamy' cells by increased OLR1 expression that mediates increased oxLDL uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalit Rane
- Department of Microbiology Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institute, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Sayma Rahman
- Center for Infectious Medicine (CIM), Karolinska Institute, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Isabelle Magalhaes
- Division of Therapeutic Immunology (TIM), Department of Labroratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 141 86, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Aditya Ambati
- Division of Therapeutic Immunology (TIM), Department of Labroratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 141 86, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 141 86, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Jan Andersson
- Center for Infectious Medicine (CIM), Karolinska Institute, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Alimuddin Zumla
- Centre for Clinical Microbiology, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, UCL Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Susanna Brighenti
- Center for Infectious Medicine (CIM), Karolinska Institute, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Markus J Maeurer
- Department of Microbiology Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institute, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden; Division of Therapeutic Immunology (TIM), Department of Labroratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 141 86, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Diverse interleukin-7 mRNA transcripts in Chinese tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri chinensis). PLoS One 2014; 9:e99859. [PMID: 24945249 PMCID: PMC4063794 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-7 (IL7) is a pleiotropic cytokine that is actively involved in the immune system. The Chinese tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri chinensis) has been proposed as an alternative experimental animal to primates in biomedical research. However, there is a lack of biological knowledge about the immune system of the tree shrew. In this study, we cloned the IL7 gene (tIL7) in the Chinese tree shrew and quantified the expression of mRNA transcripts in eight tissues (heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, intestine, skeletal muscle and brain) from 20 individuals. Eleven tIL7 mRNA transcripts were identified in different tissues. The canonical form (tIL7c) had a length of 1817 bp and encoded a predicted gene product with 177 amino acids. Phylogenetic analyses based on the amino acid sequences revealed a considerably large genetic difference between tree shrew and human. Quantification of mRNA expression of transcripts tIL7c, tIL7-sv1, tIL7-sv2 and tIL7-sv3 showed that these transcripts were expressed in all tissues, albeit the expression levels varied in different tissues. Transcripts tIL7c, tIL7-sv1, and tIL7-sv2 had the lowest expression in brain, and tIL7-sv3 had a dramatically high mRNA expression in skeletal muscle and heart. The mRNA expression levels of tIL7c and tIL7-sv1 were significantly increased upon ploy(I:C) stimulation in tree shrew primary renal cells. As with human full-length IL7, tIL7c, tIL7-sv1, tIL7-sv2 and tIL7-sv3 showed similar a subcellular localization pattern. Our results identified diverse tIL7 transcripts in the Chinese tree shrew, which may play a potential role in modulating IL7-regulated biological effects.
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Enhancement of the interferon gamma assay to detect paratuberculosis using interleukin-7 and interleukin-12 potentiation. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2012; 149:28-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2012.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2012] [Revised: 05/14/2012] [Accepted: 05/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Ueha S, Kitazawa H, Tomioka Y, Kawai Y, Saito T, Itoh T. cDNA cloning and expression of swine IL-7 from neonatal intestinal epithelium. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2001; 1517:468-71. [PMID: 11342229 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-4781(00)00304-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Swine IL-7 (sIL-7) cDNA has been isolated from neonatal intestinal epithelium by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with designated primers based on the conserved sequences of the other mammalian IL-7. Recombinant sIL-7 was able to induce the bone marrow cell proliferation like human IL-7. The complete open reading frame contains 531 bp coding deduced 176 amino acid residues, with a calculated molecular mass of 20.1 kDa. The observed similarity between swine and human IL-7 sequences (66% identical and 89% conserved) suggests that a study on the immune responses correlated with IL-7 in the gut of swine will be valuable to understand their mechanisms in human. By RT-PCR using the constructed specific primers to sIL-7, sIL-7 mRNA was confirmed to be expressed in swine intestine, thymus, kidney and skin but not in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ueha
- Laboratory of Animal Products Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohuku University, Sendai, Japan
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Griebel P, Beskorwayne T, Van den Broeke A, Ferrari G. CD40 signaling induces B cell responsiveness to multiple members of the gamma chain-common cytokine family. Int Immunol 1999; 11:1139-47. [PMID: 10383947 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/11.7.1139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
CD40 signaling induces B cell proliferative and differentiation responses that can be modulated by many different cytokines. Cytokines in the IL-2 receptor gamma chain (gammac)-common family are known to play an integral role in B cell development. Therefore, we investigated the possibility that CD40 signaling induced B cell responsiveness to multiple gammac-common cytokines and that individual gammac-common cytokines induced distinct B cell responses. B cells were isolated from lymphoid follicles of sheep Peyer's patches (PP) and co-cultured with murine CD40 ligand (mCD40L). CD40 signaling induced PP B cell responsiveness to recombinant human IL-2, IL-4, IL-7 and IL-15. mCD40L-induced B cell growth was enhanced by combining IL-4 with a second gammac-common cytokine and sustained B cell growth required co-stimulation with IL-4 plus IL-2, IL-7 and IL-15. gammac-common cytokine responsiveness remained dependent upon CD40 signaling, and removal of mCD40L resulted in B cell differentiation and cell death. Similar proliferative responses to mCD40L and gammac-common cytokines were observed for both immature (ileal) and mature (jejunal) PP B cells. Finally, the capacity of CD40-activated B cells to respond to multiple gammac-common cytokines was analyzed with individual PP B cell clones. All B cell clones displayed similar proliferative responses to IL-2 but quantitatively different responses to IL-4, IL-7 and IL-15. The biological significance of B cell responsiveness to multiple gammac-common cytokines is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Griebel
- Veterinary Infectious Disease Organization, 120 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E3, Canada
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Wolowczuk I, Roye O, Nutten S, Delacre M, Trottein F, Auriault C. Role of interleukin-7 in the relation between Schistosoma mansoni and its definitive vertebrate host. Microbes Infect 1999; 1:545-51. [PMID: 10603571 DOI: 10.1016/s1286-4579(99)80094-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- I Wolowczuk
- Institut de Biologie de Lille (IBL), CNRS UMP 8527, BP 447, 59021 Lille, France
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Lofthouse SA, Andrews AE, Elhay MJ, Bowles VM, Meeusen EN, Nash AD. Cytokines as adjuvants for ruminant vaccines. Int J Parasitol 1996; 26:835-42. [PMID: 8923133 DOI: 10.1016/s0020-7519(96)80052-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Successful vaccination against any potential pathogen is critically dependent on inducing an appropriate immune response. The pivotal role of cytokines in the immune response to vaccination suggests that non-protective responses or responses that exacerbate disease subsequent to infectious challenge may be the result of limiting or preferential production of one or a number of these mediators. This suggests that the use of recombinant cytokines as vaccine adjuvants may offer a mechanism whereby the magnitude and phenotype of the immune response to vaccination can be specifically modified. In mice, recombinant cytokines have been used extensively as therapeutics, while studies describing vaccine adjuvant activity are more limited. Recombinant (r) interleukin (IL)-1, IL-2 and interferon (IFN) gamma have been used primarily to enhance humoral responses with enhanced protection assessed where appropriate. Cytokine adjuvant studies in ruminants have been restricted to recombinant ovine (rov) and bovine (rbov) IL-1 and IL-2. In sheep, their application has been optimised with respect to dose, route of delivery and formulation, for induction of humoral and cell mediated immunity (DTH and cytotoxicity) to the model protein antigen (Ag) avidin. The level of adjuvant activity of IL-1 in particular compares favourably to that of a variety of other traditional and new chemical adjuvants and detailed analysis has indicated no adverse local or systemic side-effects. Recent studies in our laboratory demonstrating the effectiveness of rovIL-1 as an adjuvant in single and multi-component bacterial toxoid vaccines, and studies from other laboratories demonstrating the application of rbovIL-1 as an adjuvant for the response in cattle to live attenuated viral vaccines, suggest that rIL-1 may become the adjuvant of choice for diseases where protection is mediated by high levels of circulating antibody (Ab). With respect to helminth parasites, IL-1 may prove useful as a component of vaccines based on "hidden Ags" which rely on induction of Ab. Based on analysis in mouse models of helminth infection, other cytokines such as IL-4 and IL-10 may be appropriate for vaccines based on induction of mechanisms involved in natural immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Lofthouse
- Centre for Animal Biotechnology, School of Veterinary Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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