1
|
Dhar D, Holla VV, Kumari R, Yadav R, Kamble N, Muthusamy B, Pal PK. Clinical and genetic profile of patients with dystonia: An experience from a tertiary neurology center from India. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2024; 120:105986. [PMID: 38219528 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2023.105986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The genetics of dystonia have varied across different ethnicities worldwide. Its significance has become more apparent with the advent of deep brain stimulation. OBJECTIVE To study the clinico-genetic profile of patients with probable genetic dystonia using whole exome sequencing (WES). METHODS A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2021 to September 2022, enrolling patients with dystonia of presumed genetic etiology for WES. The study compared genetically-determined cases harboring pathogenic/likely-pathogenic variants (P/LP subgroup) with the presumed idiopathic or unsolved cases. RESULTS We recruited 65 patients (males, 69.2%) whose mean age of onset (AAO) and assessment were 25.0 ± 16.6 and 31.7 ± 15.2 years, respectively. Fifteen had pathogenic/likely-pathogenic variants (yield = 23.1%), 16 (24.6%) had variants of uncertain significance (VUS), 2 were heterozygous carriers while the remaining 32 cases tested negative (presumed idiopathic group). The P/LP subgroup had a significantly younger AAO (16.8 ± 12.3 vs 31.3 ± 17.0 years, p = 0.009), longer duration of illness (10.9 ± 10.3 vs 4.8 ± 4.3 years, p = 0.006), higher prevalence of generalized dystonia (n = 12, 80.0% vs n = 10, 31.3%, p = 0.004), lower-limb onset (n = 5, 33.3% vs n = 1, 3.1%, p = 0.009), higher motor (p = 0.035) and disability scores (p = 0.042). The classical DYT genes with pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants included 3 cases each of TOR1A, and KMT2B, and single cases each of SGCE, EIF2AK2, and VPS16. Non-DYT pathogenic/likely-pathogenic cases included PINK1, PANK2, CTSF, POLG, MICU1, and TSPOAP1. CONCLUSIONS The yield of WES was 23.1% among cases of probable genetic dystonia. Pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in TOR1A, KMT2B, and SGCE genes were commoner. The absence of family history emphasizes the importance of accurate assessment of clinical predictors before genetic testing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Debjyoti Dhar
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru 560029, India
| | - Vikram V Holla
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru 560029, India
| | - Riyanka Kumari
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bengaluru 560066, India; Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Ravi Yadav
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru 560029, India
| | - Nitish Kamble
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru 560029, India
| | - Babylakshmi Muthusamy
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bengaluru 560066, India; Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India.
| | - Pramod Kumar Pal
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru 560029, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Saffie Awad P, Teixeira-Dos-Santos D, Santos-Lobato BL, Camargos S, Cornejo-Olivas M, de Mello Rieder CR, Mata IF, Chaná-Cuevas P, Klein C, Schumacher Schuh AF. Frequency of Hereditary and GBA1-Related Parkinsonism in Latin America: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Mov Disord 2024; 39:6-16. [PMID: 37921246 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying hereditary parkinsonism is valuable for diagnosis, genetic counseling, patient prioritization in trials, and studying the disease for personalized therapies. However, most studies were conducted in Europeans, and limited data exist on admixed populations like those from Latin America. OBJECTIVES This study aims to assess the frequency and distribution of genetic parkinsonism in Latin America. METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the frequency of parkinsonian syndromes associated with genetic pathogenic variants in Latin America. We defined hereditary parkinsonism as those caused by the genes outlined by the MDS Nomenclature of Genetic Movement Disorders and heterozygous carriers of GBA1 pathogenic variants. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and LILACS in August 2022. Researchers reviewed titles and abstracts, and disagreements were resolved by a third researcher. After this screening, five researchers reanalyzed the selection criteria and extracted information based on the full paper. The frequency for each parkinsonism-related gene was determined by the presence of pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants among screened patients. Cochran's Q and I2 tests were used to quantify heterogeneity. Meta-regression, publication bias tests, and sensitivity analysis regarding study quality were also used for LRRK2-, PRKN-, and GBA1-related papers. RESULTS We included 73 studies involving 3014 screened studies from 16 countries. Among 7668 Latin American patients, pathogenic variants were found in 19 different genes. The frequency of the pathogenic variants in LRRK2 was 1.38% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.52-2.57), PRKN was 1.16% (95% CI: 0.08-3.05), and GBA1 was 4.17% (95% CI: 2.57-6.08). For all meta-analysis, heterogeneity was high and publication bias tests were negative, except for PRKN, which was contradictory. Information on the number of pathogenic variants in the other genes is further presented in the text. CONCLUSIONS This study provides insights into hereditary and GBA1-related parkinsonism in Latin America. Lower GBA1 frequencies compared to European/North American cohorts may result from limited access to gene sequencing. Further research is vital for regional prevalence understanding, enabling personalized care and therapies. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Saffie Awad
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Centro de Trastornos del Movimiento (CETRAM), Santiago, Chile
- Clínica Santa María, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Bruno Lopes Santos-Lobato
- Hospital Ophir Loyola, Belém, Brazil
- Laboratório de Neuropatologia Experimental, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Sarah Camargos
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Mario Cornejo-Olivas
- Neurogenetics Working Group, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru
- Neurogenetics Research Center, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurologicas, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Ignacio F Mata
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Pedro Chaná-Cuevas
- Centro de Trastornos del Movimiento (CETRAM), Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Artur F Schumacher Schuh
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Serviço de Neurologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kalinderi K, Papaliagkas V, Fidani L. Current genetic data on depression and anxiety in Parkinson's disease patients. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2024; 118:105922. [PMID: 37935601 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2023.105922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder affecting about 1 % of the population over the age of 60 years. PD is characterized by a wide spectrum of symptomatology including not only motor symptoms but non-motor symptoms, as well. Depression is one of the most common non-motor manifestations, and the most frequent neuropsychiatric comorbidity in PD. Neuropsychiatric symptoms like depression and anxiety may precede the appearance of motor features, highlighting their importance in the early detection of the disease and its strategic management. This review discusses the possible genetic background of the development of these neuropsychiatric symptoms in PD patients analyzing current genetic data associated with this clinical entity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kallirhoe Kalinderi
- Laboratory of Medical Biology-Genetics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Vasileios Papaliagkas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Liana Fidani
- Laboratory of Medical Biology-Genetics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sun YM, Zhou XY, Liang XN, Lin JR, Xu YD, Chen C, Wei SD, Chen QS, Liu FT, Zhao J, Tang YL, Shen B, Gan LH, Lu B, Ding ZT, An Y, Wu JJ, Wang J. The genetic spectrum of a cohort of patients clinically diagnosed as Parkinson's disease in mainland China. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2023; 9:76. [PMID: 37198191 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-023-00518-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
So far, over 20 causative genes of monogenic Parkinson's disease (PD) have been identified. Some causative genes of non-parkinsonian entities may also manifest with parkinsonism mimicking PD. This study aimed to investigate the genetic characteristics of clinically diagnosed PD with early onset age or family history. A total of 832 patients initially diagnosed with PD were enrolled, of which, 636 were classified into the early-onset group and 196 were classified into the familial late-onset group. The genetic testing included the multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification and next generation sequencing (target sequencing or whole-exome sequencing). The dynamic variants of spinocerebellar ataxia were tested in probands with family history. In the early-onset group, 30.03% of patients (191/636) harbored pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/LP) variants in known PD-related genes (CHCHD2, DJ-1, GBA (heterozygous), LRRK2, PINK1, PRKN, PLA2G6, SNCA and VPS35). Variants in PRKN were the most prevalent, accounting for 15.72% of the early-onset patients, followed by GBA (10.22%), and PLA2G6 (1.89%). And 2.52% (16/636) had P/LP variants in causative genes of other diseases (ATXN3, ATXN2, GCH1, TH, MAPT, GBA (homozygous)). In the familial late-onset group, 8.67% of patients (17/196) carried P/LP variants in known PD-related genes (GBA (heterozygous), HTRA2, SNCA) and 2.04% (4/196) had P/LP variants in other genes (ATXN2, PSEN1, DCTN1). Heterozygous GBA variants (7.14%) were the most common genetic cause found in familial late-onset patients. Genetic testing is of vital importance in differential diagnosis especially in early-onset and familial PD. Our findings may also provide some clues to the nomenclature of genetic movement disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Min Sun
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Yue Zhou
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Niu Liang
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-Ran Lin
- Human Phenome Institute, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Dan Xu
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Si-Di Wei
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi-Si Chen
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng-Tao Liu
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jue Zhao
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Lin Tang
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Shen
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin-Hua Gan
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Boxun Lu
- Neurology Department at Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng-Tong Ding
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu An
- Human Phenome Institute, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jian-Jun Wu
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kulcsarova K, Bang C, Berg D, Schaeffer E. Pesticides and the Microbiome-Gut-Brain Axis: Convergent Pathways in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease. JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2023; 13:1079-1106. [PMID: 37927277 PMCID: PMC10657696 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-230206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
The increasing global burden of Parkinson's disease (PD), termed the PD pandemic, is exceeding expectations related purely to population aging and is likely driven in part by lifestyle changes and environmental factors. Pesticides are well recognized risk factors for PD, supported by both epidemiological and experimental evidence, with multiple detrimental effects beyond dopaminergic neuron damage alone. The microbiome-gut-brain axis has gained much attention in recent years and is considered to be a significant contributor and driver of PD pathogenesis. In this narrative review, we first focus on how both pesticides and the microbiome may influence PD initiation and progression independently, describing pesticide-related central and peripheral neurotoxicity and microbiome-related local and systemic effects due to dysbiosis and microbial metabolites. We then depict the bidirectional interplay between pesticides and the microbiome in the context of PD, synthesizing current knowledge about pesticide-induced dysbiosis, microbiome-mediated alterations in pesticide availability, metabolism and toxicity, and complex systemic pesticide-microbiome-host interactions related to inflammatory and metabolic pathways, insulin resistance and other mechanisms. An overview of the unknowns follows, and the role of pesticide-microbiome interactions in the proposed body-/brain-first phenotypes of PD, the complexity of environmental exposures and gene-environment interactions is discussed. The final part deals with possible further steps for translation, consisting of recommendations on future pesticide use and research as well as an outline of promising preventive/therapeutic approaches targeted on strengthening or restoring a healthy gut microbiome, closing with a summary of current gaps and future perspectives in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Kulcsarova
- Department of Neurology, P. J. Safarik University, Kosice, Slovak Republic
- Department of Neurology, L. Pasteur University Hospital, Kosice, Slovak Republic
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Scientific Park MEDIPARK, P. J. Safarik University, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| | - Corinna Bang
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Daniela Berg
- Department of Neurology, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Eva Schaeffer
- Department of Neurology, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kim J, Daadi EW, Oh T, Daadi ES, Daadi MM. Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Phenotyping and Preclinical Modeling of Familial Parkinson's Disease. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:1937. [PMID: 36360174 PMCID: PMC9689743 DOI: 10.3390/genes13111937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is primarily idiopathic and a highly heterogenous neurodegenerative disease with patients experiencing a wide array of motor and non-motor symptoms. A major challenge for understanding susceptibility to PD is to determine the genetic and environmental factors that influence the mechanisms underlying the variations in disease-associated traits. The pathological hallmark of PD is the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta region of the brain and post-mortem Lewy pathology, which leads to the loss of projecting axons innervating the striatum and to impaired motor and cognitive functions. While the cause of PD is still largely unknown, genome-wide association studies provide evidence that numerous polymorphic variants in various genes contribute to sporadic PD, and 10 to 15% of all cases are linked to some form of hereditary mutations, either autosomal dominant or recessive. Among the most common mutations observed in PD patients are in the genes LRRK2, SNCA, GBA1, PINK1, PRKN, and PARK7/DJ-1. In this review, we cover these PD-related mutations, the use of induced pluripotent stem cells as a disease in a dish model, and genetic animal models to better understand the diversity in the pathogenesis and long-term outcomes seen in PD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Kim
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA
- Cell Systems and Anatomy, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Etienne W Daadi
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA
| | - Thomas Oh
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA
| | - Elyas S Daadi
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA
| | - Marcel M Daadi
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA
- Cell Systems and Anatomy, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
- Department of Radiology, Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hill EJ, Robak LA, Al-Ouran R, Deger J, Fong JC, Vandeventer PJ, Schulman E, Rao S, Saade H, Savitt JM, von Coelln R, Desai N, Doddapaneni H, Salvi S, Dugan-Perez S, Muzny DM, McGuire AL, Liu Z, Gibbs RA, Shaw C, Jankovic J, Shulman LM, Shulman JM. Genome Sequencing in the Parkinson Disease Clinic. Neurol Genet 2022; 8:e200002. [PMID: 35747619 PMCID: PMC9210549 DOI: 10.1212/nxg.0000000000200002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives Genetic variants affect both Parkinson disease (PD) risk and manifestations. Although genetic information is of potential interest to patients and clinicians, genetic testing is rarely performed during routine PD clinical care. The goal of this study was to examine interest in comprehensive genetic testing among patients with PD and document reactions to possible findings from genome sequencing in 2 academic movement disorder clinics. Methods In 203 subjects with PD (age = 63 years, 67% male), genome sequencing was performed and filtered using a custom panel, including 49 genes associated with PD, parkinsonism, or related disorders, as well as a 90-variant PD genetic risk score. Based on the results, 231 patients (age = 67 years, 63% male) were surveyed on interest in genetic testing and responses to vignettes covering (1) familial risk of PD (LRRK2); (2) risk of PD dementia (GBA); (3) PD genetic risk score; and (4) secondary, medically actionable variants (BRCA1). Results Genome sequencing revealed a LRRK2 variant in 3% and a GBA risk variant in 10% of our clinical sample. The genetic risk score was normally distributed, identifying 41 subjects with a high risk of PD. Medically actionable findings were discovered in 2 subjects (1%). In our survey, the majority (82%) responded that they would share a LRRK2 variant with relatives. Most registered unchanged or increased interest in testing when confronted with a potential risk for dementia or medically actionable findings, and most (75%) expressed interest in learning their PD genetic risk score. Discussion Our results highlight broad interest in comprehensive genetic testing among patients with PD and may facilitate integration of genome sequencing in clinical practice.
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang F, Wu Z, Long F, Tan J, Gong N, Li X, Lin C. The Roles of ATP13A2 Gene Mutations Leading to Abnormal Aggregation of α-Synuclein in Parkinson’s Disease. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:927682. [PMID: 35875356 PMCID: PMC9296842 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.927682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. PARK9 (also known as ATP13A2) is recognized as one of the key genes that cause PD, and a mutation in this gene was first discovered in a rare case of PD in an adolescent. Lewy bodies (LBs) formed by abnormal aggregation of α-synuclein, which is encoded by the SNCA gene, are one of the pathological diagnostic criteria for PD. LBs are also recognized as one of the most important features of PD pathogenesis. In this article, we first summarize the types of mutations in the ATP13A2 gene and their effects on ATP13A2 mRNA and protein structure; then, we discuss lysosomal autophagy inhibition and the molecular mechanism of abnormal α-synuclein accumulation caused by decreased levels and dysfunction of the ATP13A2 protein in lysosomes. Finally, this article provides a new direction for future research on the pathogenesis and therapeutic targets for ATP13A2 gene-related PD from the perspective of ATP13A2 gene mutations and abnormal aggregation of α-synuclein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhiwei Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fei Long
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jieqiong Tan
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Precision Medicine of Hunan Province, Center for Medical Genetics, Institute of Molecular Precision Medicine, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ni Gong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaorong Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Changwei Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Changwei Lin, orcid.org/0000-0003-1676-0912
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Han Y, Wu D, Wang Y, Xie J, Zhang Z. Skin alpha-synuclein deposit patterns: A predictor of Parkinson's disease subtypes. EBioMedicine 2022; 80:104076. [PMID: 35644126 PMCID: PMC9148991 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized pathologically by the formation of Lewy bodies comprised mainly of α-synuclein. Assessment of skin synuclein has the potential as an excellent diagnostic method with high sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility that is also convenient and acceptable to patients. In this review, we summarize findings regarding the characteristics of cutaneous nerve p-α-syn or α-syn deposits and their correlations with clinical phenotypes in PD patients with and without orthostatic hypotension and LRRK2, GBA, and SNCA gene mutations. This review can serve as a reference for the diagnosis and classification of PD based on α-syn deposit patterns and to deeply explore its pathogenesis. Funding statement The work was partly supported by the National Natural Science Key Foundation of China (No. 81830040 and No 82130042) and the Program of Excellent Talents in Medical Science of Jiangsu Province (No. JCRCA2016006) .
Collapse
|
10
|
Solana-Manrique C, Sanz FJ, Torregrosa I, Palomino-Schätzlein M, Hernández-Oliver C, Pineda-Lucena A, Paricio N. Metabolic Alterations in a Drosophila Model of Parkinson's Disease Based on DJ-1 Deficiency. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030331. [PMID: 35159141 PMCID: PMC8834223 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second-most common neurodegenerative disorder, whose physiopathology is still unclear. Moreover, there is an urgent need to discover new biomarkers and therapeutic targets to facilitate its diagnosis and treatment. Previous studies performed in PD models and samples from PD patients already demonstrated that metabolic alterations are associated with this disease. In this context, the aim of this study is to provide a better understanding of metabolic disturbances underlying PD pathogenesis. To achieve this goal, we used a Drosophila PD model based on inactivation of the DJ-1β gene (ortholog of human DJ-1). Metabolomic analyses were performed in 1-day-old and 15-day-old DJ-1β mutants and control flies using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, combined with expression and enzymatic activity assays of proteins implicated in altered pathways. Our results showed that the PD model flies exhibited protein metabolism alterations, a shift fromthe tricarboxylic acid cycle to glycolytic pathway to obtain ATP, together with an increase in the expression of some urea cycle enzymes. Thus, these metabolic changes could contribute to PD pathogenesis and might constitute possible therapeutic targets and/or biomarkers for this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Solana-Manrique
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad CC Biológicas, Instituto Universitario de Biotecnología y Biomedicina (BIOTECMED), Universidad de Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain; (C.S.-M.); (F.J.S.); (I.T.)
| | - Francisco José Sanz
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad CC Biológicas, Instituto Universitario de Biotecnología y Biomedicina (BIOTECMED), Universidad de Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain; (C.S.-M.); (F.J.S.); (I.T.)
| | - Isabel Torregrosa
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad CC Biológicas, Instituto Universitario de Biotecnología y Biomedicina (BIOTECMED), Universidad de Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain; (C.S.-M.); (F.J.S.); (I.T.)
| | | | - Carolina Hernández-Oliver
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (C.H.-O.); (A.P.-L.)
| | - Antonio Pineda-Lucena
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (C.H.-O.); (A.P.-L.)
- Programa de Terapias Moleculares, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Nuria Paricio
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad CC Biológicas, Instituto Universitario de Biotecnología y Biomedicina (BIOTECMED), Universidad de Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain; (C.S.-M.); (F.J.S.); (I.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-96-354-3005; Fax: +34-96-354-3029
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
The current nosological concept of α-synucleinopathies characterized by the presence of Lewy bodies (LBs) includes Parkinson’s disease (PD), Parkinson’s disease dementia (PDD), and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), for which the term “Lewy body disease” (LBD) has recently been proposed due to their considerable clinical and pathological overlap. However, even this term does not seem to describe the true nature of this group of diseases. The subsequent discoveries of α-synuclein (αSyn), SNCA gene, and the introduction of new immunohistochemical methods have started intensive research into the molecular-biological aspects of these diseases. In light of today’s knowledge, the role of LBs in the pathogenesis and classification of these nosological entities remains somewhat uncertain. An increasingly more important role is attributed to other factors as the presence of various LBs precursors, post-translational αSyn modifications, various αSyn strains, the deposition of other pathological proteins (particularly β-amyloid), and the discovery of selective vulnerability of specific cells due to anatomical configuration or synaptic dysfunction. Resulting genetic inputs can undoubtedly be considered as the main essence of these factors. Molecular–genetic data indicate that not only in PD but also in DLB, a unique genetic architecture can be ascertained, predisposing to the development of specific disease phenotypes. The presence of LBs thus remains only a kind of link between these disorders, and the term “diseases with Lewy bodies” therefore results somewhat more accurate.
Collapse
|
12
|
Cook L, Schulze J, Verbrugge J, Beck JC, Marder KS, Saunders-Pullman R, Klein C, Naito A, Alcalay RN. The commercial genetic testing landscape for Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2021; 92:107-111. [PMID: 34696975 PMCID: PMC8633166 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2021.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There have been no specific guidelines regarding which genes should be tested in the clinical setting for Parkinson's disease (PD) or parkinsonism. We evaluated the types of clinical genetic testing offered for PD as the first step of our gene curation. METHODS The National Institutes of Health (NIH) Genetic Testing Registry (GTR) was queried on 12/7/2020 to identify current commercial PD genetic test offerings by clinical laboratories, internationally. RESULTS We identified 502 unique clinical genetic tests for PD, from 28 Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA)-approved clinical laboratories. These included 11 diagnostic PD panels. The panels were notable for their differences in size, ranging from 5 to 62 genes. Five genes for variant query were included in all panels (SNCA, PRKN, PINK-1, PARK7 (DJ1), and LRRK2). Notably, the addition of the VPS35 and GBA genes was variable. Panel size differences stemmed from inclusion of genes linked to atypical parkinsonism and dystonia disorders, and genes in which the link to PD causation is controversial. CONCLUSION There is an urgent need for expert opinion regarding which genes should be included in a commercial laboratory multi-gene panel for PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lola Cook
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (LC, JS, TF), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA.
| | - Jeanine Schulze
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (LC, JS, TF), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA
| | - Jennifer Verbrugge
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (LC, JS, TF), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA
| | | | - Karen S Marder
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | | | - Roy N Alcalay
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Guadagnolo D, Piane M, Torrisi MR, Pizzuti A, Petrucci S. Genotype-Phenotype Correlations in Monogenic Parkinson Disease: A Review on Clinical and Molecular Findings. Front Neurol 2021; 12:648588. [PMID: 34630269 PMCID: PMC8494251 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.648588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder, usually with multifactorial etiology. It is characterized by prominent movement disorders and non-motor symptoms. Movement disorders commonly include bradykinesia, rigidity, and resting tremor. Non-motor symptoms can include behavior disorders, sleep disturbances, hyposmia, cognitive impairment, and depression. A fraction of PD cases instead is due to Parkinsonian conditions with Mendelian inheritance. The study of the genetic causes of these phenotypes has shed light onto common pathogenetic mechanisms underlying Parkinsonian conditions. Monogenic Parkinsonisms can present autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, or even X-linked inheritance patterns. Clinical presentations vary from forms indistinguishable from idiopathic PD to severe childhood-onset conditions with other neurological signs. We provided a comprehensive description of each condition, discussing current knowledge on genotype-phenotype correlations. Despite the broad clinical spectrum and the many genes involved, the phenotype appears to be related to the disrupted cell function and inheritance pattern, and several assumptions about genotype-phenotype correlations can be made. The interest in these assumptions is not merely speculative, in the light of novel promising targeted therapies currently under development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Guadagnolo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Policlinico Umberto i Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Piane
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Medical Genetics and Advanced Cell Diagnostics Unit, S. Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Torrisi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Medical Genetics and Advanced Cell Diagnostics Unit, S. Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Pizzuti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Policlinico Umberto i Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Petrucci
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Medical Genetics and Advanced Cell Diagnostics Unit, S. Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Su X, Li H, Chen S, Qin C. Study on the Prognostic Values of Dynactin Genes in Low-Grade Glioma. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2021; 20:15330338211010143. [PMID: 33896271 PMCID: PMC8085377 DOI: 10.1177/15330338211010143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This present study aims to investigate the potential prognostic values of dynactin genes (DCTN) for predicting the overall survival (OS) in low-grade glioma (LGG) patients. METHODS The DCTN mRNA expression data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas database containing 518 patients with LGG. The Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses for DCTN genes were performed by using Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery platform, and their enrichment results were verified by using the Biological Networks Gene Ontology tool. Next, the correlations between DCTN genes and LGG were identified by Pearson correlation coefficient analysis. The OS was estimated by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. The cBio Cancer Genomics Portal was used to analyze the mutations of DCTN genes and their effects on the prognosis of LGG. The correlation between the abundance of immune infiltration and tumor purity of DCTN genes were predicted by The Tumor Immune Estimation Resource. RESULTS Our research showed that the mRNA expression of DCTN4 in tumor tissues was much higher (P < 0.01) than that in normal tissues. Meanwhile, there was a certain correlation between the DCTN genes. Survival analysis showed that the high expression of DCTN1, DCTN3, DCTN4, DCTN6, and their co-expression were significantly correlated with favorable OS in LGG patients (P < 0.05). In DCTN2, a high mutation rate was observed. Further research showed that the genetic alteration in DCTN genes was related to a poor OS and progression-free survival of LGG patients. The expression of DCTN genes had a certain correlation with immune infiltrating cells. CONCLUSION Our study showed that the high expressions of DCTN1, DCTN3, DCTN4, and DCTN6 were associated with a favorable OS of LGG patients, indicating that these DCTN genes are potential biomarkers for evaluating the prognosis of LGG patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotao Su
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Haoyu Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Shaohua Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Chao Qin
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wittke C, Petkovic S, Dobricic V, Schaake S, Respondek G, Weissbach A, Madoev H, Trinh J, Vollstedt EJ, Kuhnke N, Lohmann K, Dulovic Mahlow M, Marras C, König IR, Stamelou M, Bonifati V, Lill CM, Kasten M, Huppertz HJ, Höglinger G, Klein C. Genotype-Phenotype Relations for the Atypical Parkinsonism Genes: MDSGene Systematic Review. Mov Disord 2021; 36:1499-1510. [PMID: 34396589 PMCID: PMC9070562 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This Movement Disorder Society Genetic mutation database Systematic Review focuses on monogenic atypical parkinsonism with mutations in the ATP13A2, DCTN1, DNAJC6, FBXO7, SYNJ1, and VPS13C genes. We screened 673 citations and extracted genotypic and phenotypic data for 140 patients (73 families) from 77 publications. In an exploratory fashion, we applied an automated classification procedure via an ensemble of bootstrap-aggregated (“bagged”) decision trees to distinguish these 6 forms of monogenic atypical parkinsonism and found a high accuracy of 86.5% (95% CI, 86.3%–86.7%) based on the following 10 clinical variables: age at onset, spasticity and pyramidal signs, hypoventilation, decreased body weight, minimyoclonus, vertical gaze palsy, autonomic symptoms, other nonmotor symptoms, levodopa response quantification, and cognitive decline. Comparing monogenic atypical with monogenic typical parkinsonism using 2063 data sets from Movement Disorder Society Genetic mutation database on patients with SNCA, LRRK2, VPS35, Parkin, PINK1, and DJ-1 mutations, the age at onset was earlier in monogenic atypical parkinsonism (24 vs 40 years; P = 1.2647 × 10−12) and levodopa response less favorable than in patients with monogenic typical presentations (49% vs 93%). In addition, we compared monogenic to nonmonogenic atypical parkinsonism using data from 362 patients with progressive supranuclear gaze palsy, corticobasal degeneration, multiple system atrophy, or frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Although these conditions share many clinical features with the monogenic atypical forms, they can typically be distinguished based on their later median age at onset (64 years; IQR, 57–70 years). In conclusion, age at onset, presence of specific signs, and degree of levodopa response inform differential diagnostic considerations and genetic testing indications in atypical forms of parkinsonism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Wittke
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Sonja Petkovic
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | | | - Susen Schaake
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | | | - Gesine Respondek
- Department of Neurology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Anne Weissbach
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Harutyun Madoev
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Joanne Trinh
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | | | - Neele Kuhnke
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Katja Lohmann
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | | | - Connie Marras
- Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Inke R König
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Maria Stamelou
- Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Department, HYGEIA Hospital, Athens, Greece.,School of Medicine, European University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.,Neurology Clinic, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Vincenzo Bonifati
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christina M Lill
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Meike Kasten
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | | | - Günter Höglinger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Lack of evidence for association of UQCRC1 with Parkinson's disease in Europeans. Neurobiol Aging 2020; 101:297.e1-297.e4. [PMID: 33248804 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2020.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Recently, a novel variant p.Y314S in UQCRC1 has been implicated as pathogenic in Parkinson's disease (PD). In the present study, we aimed to examine the association of UQCRC1 with PD in large cohorts of European origin. We examined common and rare genetic variation in UQCRC1 using genome-wide association study data from the International Parkinson Disease Genomics Consortium, including 14,671 cases and 17,667 controls, and whole-genome sequencing data from the Accelerating Medicines Partnership-Parkinson's disease initiative, including 1647 patients with PD and 1050 controls. No common variants were consistently associated with PD, and a variety of burden analyses did not reveal an association between rare variants in UQCRC1 and PD. Therefore, our results do not support a major role for UQCRC1 in PD in the European population, and additional studies in other populations are warranted.
Collapse
|
17
|
Liu X, Le W. Profiling Non-motor Symptoms in Monogenic Parkinson's Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:591183. [PMID: 33192488 PMCID: PMC7661846 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.591183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease in the elder population, pathologically characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. While the precise mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of PD remain unknown, various genetic factors have been proved to be associated with PD. To date, at least 23 loci and 19 disease-causing genes for PD have been identified. Although monogenic (often familial) cases account for less than 5% of all PD patients, exploring the phenotypes of monogenic PD can help us understand the disease pathogenesis and progression. Primary motor symptoms are important for PD diagnosis but only detectable at a relatively late stage. Despite typical motor symptoms, various non-motor symptoms (NMS) including sensory complaints, mental disorders, autonomic dysfunction, and sleep disturbances also have negative impacts on the quality of life in PD patients and pose major challenges for disease management. NMS is common in all stages of the PD course. NMS can occur long before the onset of PD motor symptoms or can present in the middle or late stage of the disease accompanied by motor symptoms. Therefore, the profiling and characterization of NMS in monogenic PD may help the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of PD, which thereby can execute early intervention to delay the disease progression. In this review, we summarize the characteristics, clinical phenotypes, especially the NMS of monogenic PD patients carrying mutations of SNCA, LRRK2, VPS35, Parkin, PINK1, DJ-1, and GBA. The clinical implications of this linkage between NMS and PD-related genes are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyao Liu
- Liaoning Provincial Center for Clinical Research on Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Weidong Le
- Liaoning Provincial Center for Clinical Research on Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Institute of Neurology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences-Sichuan Provincial Hospital, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Solana-Manrique C, Sanz FJ, Ripollés E, Bañó MC, Torres J, Muñoz-Soriano V, Paricio N. Enhanced activity of glycolytic enzymes in Drosophila and human cell models of Parkinson's disease based on DJ-1 deficiency. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 158:137-148. [PMID: 32726690 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative debilitating disorder characterized by progressive disturbances in motor, autonomic and psychiatric functions. One of the genes involved in familial forms of the disease is DJ-1, whose mutations cause early-onset PD. Besides, it has been shown that an over-oxidized and inactive form of the DJ-1 protein is found in brains of sporadic PD patients. Interestingly, the DJ-1 protein plays an important role in cellular defense against oxidative stress and also participates in mitochondrial homeostasis. Valuable insights into potential PD pathogenic mechanisms involving DJ-1 have been obtained from studies in cell and animal PD models based on DJ-1 deficiency such as Drosophila. Flies mutant for the DJ-1β gene, the Drosophila ortholog of human DJ-1, exhibited disease-related phenotypes such as motor defects, increased reactive oxygen species production and high levels of protein carbonylation. In the present study, we demonstrate that DJ-1β mutants also show a significant increase in the activity of several regulatory glycolytic enzymes. Similar results were obtained in DJ-1-deficient SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, thus suggesting that loss of DJ-1 function leads to an increase in the glycolytic rate. In such a scenario, an enhancement of the glycolytic pathway could be a protective mechanism to decrease ROS production by restoring ATP levels, which are decreased due to mitochondrial dysfunction. Our results also show that meclizine and dimethyl fumarate, two FDA-approved compounds with different clinical applications, are able to attenuate PD-related phenotypes in both models. Moreover, we found that they may exert their beneficial effect by increasing glycolysis through the activation of key glycolytic enzymes. Taken together, these results are consistent with the idea that increasing glycolysis could be a potential disease-modifying strategy for PD, as recently suggested. Besides, they also support further evaluation and potential repurposing of meclizine and dimethyl fumarate as modulators of energy metabolism for neuroprotection in PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Solana-Manrique
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad CC Biológicas, Universidad de Valencia, 46100, Burjassot, Spain; Estructura de Recerca Interdisciplinar en Biotecnologia I Biomedicina (ERI BIOTECMED), Universidad de Valencia, 46100, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Francisco José Sanz
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad CC Biológicas, Universidad de Valencia, 46100, Burjassot, Spain; Estructura de Recerca Interdisciplinar en Biotecnologia I Biomedicina (ERI BIOTECMED), Universidad de Valencia, 46100, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Edna Ripollés
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad CC Biológicas, Universidad de Valencia, 46100, Burjassot, Spain; Estructura de Recerca Interdisciplinar en Biotecnologia I Biomedicina (ERI BIOTECMED), Universidad de Valencia, 46100, Burjassot, Spain
| | - M Carmen Bañó
- Estructura de Recerca Interdisciplinar en Biotecnologia I Biomedicina (ERI BIOTECMED), Universidad de Valencia, 46100, Burjassot, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad CC Biológicas, Universidad de Valencia, 46100, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Josema Torres
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Biología Funcional y Antropología Física, Universidad de Valencia, 46100, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Verónica Muñoz-Soriano
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad CC Biológicas, Universidad de Valencia, 46100, Burjassot, Spain; Estructura de Recerca Interdisciplinar en Biotecnologia I Biomedicina (ERI BIOTECMED), Universidad de Valencia, 46100, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Nuria Paricio
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad CC Biológicas, Universidad de Valencia, 46100, Burjassot, Spain; Estructura de Recerca Interdisciplinar en Biotecnologia I Biomedicina (ERI BIOTECMED), Universidad de Valencia, 46100, Burjassot, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Yoo D, Choi JH, Im JH, Kim MJ, Kim HJ, Park SS, Jeon B. Young-Onset Parkinson's Disease with Impulse Control Disorder Due to Novel Variants of F-Box Only Protein 7. J Mov Disord 2020; 13:225-228. [PMID: 32894901 PMCID: PMC7502300 DOI: 10.14802/jmd.20026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
F-box only protein 7 (FBXO7) is a rare monogenic cause of hereditary Parkinson’s disease (PD) with an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance and a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations. Here, we report a de novo PD patient with onset at the age of 28 with novel compound heterozygous variants in the FBXO7 gene (c.1162C>T, p.Gln388X; c.80G>A, p.Arg27His). The clinical features of the patient were problematic impulse control disorder behaviors and pyromania, and pyramidal signs were negative. We describe the novel pathogenic variants of the FBXO7 gene with detailed clinical pictures to report the expanding genotypes and phenotypes of FBXO7-associated parkinsonism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dallah Yoo
- Department of Neurology and Movement Disorder Center, Parkinson Study Group, Neuroscience Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Choi
- Department of Neurology and Movement Disorder Center, Parkinson Study Group, Neuroscience Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin-Hee Im
- Department of Neurology and Movement Disorder Center, Parkinson Study Group, Neuroscience Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Man Jin Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Han-Joon Kim
- Department of Neurology and Movement Disorder Center, Parkinson Study Group, Neuroscience Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Sup Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Beomseok Jeon
- Department of Neurology and Movement Disorder Center, Parkinson Study Group, Neuroscience Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|