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Machahua C, Vicens-Zygmunt V, Ríos-Martín J, Llatjós R, Escobar-Campuzano I, Molina-Molina M, Montes-Worboys A. Collagen 3D matrices as a model for the study of cell behavior in pulmonary fibrosis. Exp Lung Res 2022; 48:126-136. [PMID: 35594338 DOI: 10.1080/01902148.2022.2067265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a complex progressive chronic lung disease where epithelial to mesenchymal interaction, extracellular matrix (ECM) contact, and pro-fibrotic cytokines dynamics take part in the development of the disease. The study of IPF in the widespread in vitro two-dimensional (2 D) culture fails to explain the interaction of cells with the changing environment that occurs in fibrotic lung tissue. A three-dimensional (3 D) co-culture model might shed light on the pathogenesis of IPF by mimicking the fibrotic environment. Materials and Methods: Fibroblasts from nine IPF were isolated and embedded in collagen matrices with the alveolar epithelial human cell line (A549) on the top. Cells were also cultured in 2 D with and without TGF-β1 as a conventional model to compare with. Both types of cells were isolated separately. Protein and gene expression of the main fibrotic markers were measured by qPCR, Western blot, and ELISA. Results: IPF fibroblasts to myofibroblasts differentiation was observed in the 3 D model and in cells stimulated with TGF-β1. In addition, ECM-related genes were highly up-regulated in the 3 D collagen matrix. A549 co-cultured 3 D with IPF fibroblasts showed EMT activation, with down-regulation of E-cadherin (CDH1). However, other pro-fibrotic genes as VIM, TGFB1, and MMP7 were up-regulated in A549 co-cultured 3 D with fibroblasts. Conclusions: 3 D-collagen matrices might induce fibroblasts' fibrotic phenotype as in the classic TGF-β1 model, by up-regulating genes associated with matrix production. In addition, IPF lung fibroblasts seem to exert a pro-fibrotic influence in A549 cells when they are co-cultured. These results suggest that an improved 3 D co-culture model might serve as an important tool to study the fibrotic process and its regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Machahua
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,National Consortium of Research in Respiratory Diseases, CIBERES Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vanesa Vicens-Zygmunt
- National Consortium of Research in Respiratory Diseases, CIBERES Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Unit of Interstitial Lung Diseases, Respiratory Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, Respiratory Research group, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesús Ríos-Martín
- Unit of Interstitial Lung Diseases, Respiratory Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, Respiratory Research group, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roger Llatjós
- Pathology Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - María Molina-Molina
- National Consortium of Research in Respiratory Diseases, CIBERES Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Unit of Interstitial Lung Diseases, Respiratory Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, Respiratory Research group, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Montes-Worboys
- National Consortium of Research in Respiratory Diseases, CIBERES Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Unit of Interstitial Lung Diseases, Respiratory Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, Respiratory Research group, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
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Sanz G, Daniel N, Aubrière MC, Archilla C, Jouneau L, Jaszczyszyn Y, Duranthon V, Chavatte-Palmer P, Jouneau A. Differentiation of derived rabbit trophoblast stem cells under fluid shear stress to mimic the trophoblastic barrier. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2019; 1863:1608-1618. [PMID: 31278960 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2019.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The placenta controls exchanges between the mother and the fetus and therefore fetal development and growth. The maternal environment can lead to disturbance of placental functions, with consequences on the health of the offspring. Since the rabbit placenta is very close to that of humans, rabbit models can provide biomedical data to study human placental function. Yet, to limit the use of animal experiments and to investigate the mechanistic aspects of placental function, we developed a new cell culture model in which rabbit trophoblast cells are differentiated from rabbit trophoblast stem cells. METHODS Rabbit trophoblast stems cells were derived from blastocysts and differentiated onto a collagen gel and in the presence of a flow of culture medium to mimic maternal blood flow. Transcriptome analysis was performed on the stem and differentiated cells. RESULTS Our culture model allows the differentiation of trophoblast stem cells. In particular, the fluid shear stress enhances microvilli formation on the differentiated cell surface, lipid droplets formation and fusion of cytotrophoblasts into syncytiotrophoblasts. In addition, the transcriptome analysis confirms the early trophoblast identity of the derived stem cells and reveals upregulation of signaling pathways involved in trophoblast differentiation. CONCLUSION Thereby, the culture model allows mimicking the in vivo conditions in which maternal blood flow exerts a shear stress on trophoblast cells that influences their phenotype. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Our culture model can be used to study the differentiation of trophoblast stem cells into cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts, as well as the trophoblast function in physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guenhaël Sanz
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France.
| | - Nathalie Daniel
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | | | - Catherine Archilla
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Luc Jouneau
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Yan Jaszczyszyn
- Plateforme de Séquençage I2BC, CNRS, UMR9198, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | | | - Alice Jouneau
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France.
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Vicens-Zygmunt V, Estany S, Colom A, Montes-Worboys A, Machahua C, Sanabria AJ, Llatjos R, Escobar I, Manresa F, Dorca J, Navajas D, Alcaraz J, Molina-Molina M. Fibroblast viability and phenotypic changes within glycated stiffened three-dimensional collagen matrices. Respir Res 2015; 16:82. [PMID: 26126411 PMCID: PMC4494165 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-015-0237-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is growing interest in the development of cell culture assays that enable the rigidity of the extracellular matrix to be increased. A promising approach is based on three-dimensional collagen type I matrices that are stiffened by cross-linking through non-enzymatic glycation with reducing sugars. Methods The present study evaluated the biomechanical changes in the non-enzymatically glycated type I collagen matrices, including collagen organization, the advanced glycation end products formation and stiffness achievement. Gels were glycated with ribose at different concentrations (0, 5, 15, 30 and 240 mM). The viability and the phenotypic changes of primary human lung fibroblasts cultured within the non-enzymatically glycated gels were also evaluated along three consecutive weeks. Statistical tests used for data analyze were Mann–Whitney U, Kruskal Wallis, Student’s t-test, two-way ANOVA, multivariate ANOVA, linear regression test and mixed linear model. Results Our findings indicated that the process of collagen glycation increases the stiffness of the matrices and generates advanced glycation end products in a ribose concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, we identified optimal ribose concentrations and media conditions for cell viability and growth within the glycated matrices. The microenvironment of this collagen based three-dimensional culture induces α-smooth muscle actin and tenascin-C fibroblast protein expression. Finally, a progressive contractile phenotype cell differentiation was associated with the contraction of these gels. Conclusions The use of non-enzymatic glycation with a low ribose concentration may provide a suitable model with a mechanic and oxidative modified environment with cells embedded in it, which allowed cell proliferation and induced fibroblast phenotypic changes. Such culture model could be appropriate for investigations of the behavior and phenotypic changes in cells that occur during lung fibrosis as well as for testing different antifibrotic therapies in vitro. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12931-015-0237-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanesa Vicens-Zygmunt
- Department of Pneumology, Unit of Interstitial Lung Diseases, University Hospital of Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain. .,Pneumology Research Group, IDIBELL, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Susanna Estany
- Pneumology Research Group, IDIBELL, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Adai Colom
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. .,Department of Biochemistry, University of Geneva, Science II, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Ana Montes-Worboys
- Pneumology Research Group, IDIBELL, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Carlos Machahua
- Pneumology Research Group, IDIBELL, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | | | - Roger Llatjos
- Pneumology Research Group, IDIBELL, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. .,Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Ignacio Escobar
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital of Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Frederic Manresa
- Department of Pneumology, Unit of Interstitial Lung Diseases, University Hospital of Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain. .,Pneumology Research Group, IDIBELL, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Jordi Dorca
- Department of Pneumology, Unit of Interstitial Lung Diseases, University Hospital of Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain. .,Pneumology Research Group, IDIBELL, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Daniel Navajas
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. .,Research Network in Respiratory Diseases (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Respiratorias), ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Jordi Alcaraz
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. .,Research Network in Respiratory Diseases (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Respiratorias), ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Maria Molina-Molina
- Department of Pneumology, Unit of Interstitial Lung Diseases, University Hospital of Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain. .,Pneumology Research Group, IDIBELL, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. .,Research Network in Respiratory Diseases (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Respiratorias), ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain.
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Krauskopf J, Espín-Pérez A, Kleinjans JC, de Kok TM. Global MicroRNA Analysis in Primary Hepatocyte Cultures. Methods Mol Biol 2015; 1250:241-250. [PMID: 26272147 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-2074-7_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are small non-coding molecules that regulate gene expression and in return affect diverse biological functions, including those involved in toxicity and development of disease. Recent evidence suggests that microRNAs play an important role in liver pathologies, like viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver, hepatocellular carcinoma, or drug-induced liver injury. Furthermore, numerous studies demonstrated the high potential of microRNAs as promising non-invasive biomarkers of liver disease or as relevant targets for therapeutic treatment. This chapter describes a method for global microRNA analysis of primary hepatocytes by high-throughput sequencing. The method comprises the isolation of high-quality total RNA, analysis of microRNA sequencing data, and the validation of the findings by reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Krauskopf
- Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Department of Toxicogenomics, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands,
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Schutte M, Fox B, Baradez MO, Devonshire A, Minguez J, Bokhari M, Przyborski S, Marshall D. Rat primary hepatocytes show enhanced performance and sensitivity to acetaminophen during three-dimensional culture on a polystyrene scaffold designed for routine use. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2011; 9:475-86. [PMID: 21675871 DOI: 10.1089/adt.2011.0371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The in vitro evaluation of hepatotoxicity is an essential stage in the research and development of new pharmaceuticals as the liver is one of the most commonly impacted organs during preclinical toxicity studies. Fresh primary hepatocytes in monolayer culture are the most commonly used in vitro model of the liver but often exhibit limited viability and/or reduction or loss of important liver-specific functions. These limitations could potentially be overcome using three-dimensional (3D) culture systems, but their experimental nature and limited use in liver toxicity screening and drug metabolism has impaired their uptake into commercial screening programs. In this study we use a commercially available polystyrene scaffold developed for routine 3D cell culture to maintain primary rat hepatocytes for use in metabolism and toxicity studies over 72 h. We show that primary hepatocytes retain their natural cuboidal morphology with significantly higher viability (>74%) than cells grown in monolayer culture (maximum of 57%). Hepatocytes in the 3D scaffolds exhibit differential expression of genes associated with phase I, II, and III drug metabolism under basal conditions compared with monolayer culture and can be induced to stably express significantly higher levels of the cytochrome-P450 enzymes 1A2, 2B1, and 3A2 over 48 h. In toxicity studies the hepatocytes in the 3D scaffolds also show increased sensitivity to the model toxicant acetaminophen. These improvements over monolayer culture and the availability of this new easy to use 3D scaffold system could facilitate the uptake of 3D technologies into routine drug screening programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maaike Schutte
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, LGC, Queens Road, Teddington, United Kingdom
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