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Park K, Kwak IS. Growth retardation and suppression of ubiquitin-dependent catabolic processes in the brackish water clam Corbicula japonica in response to salinity changes and bioaccumulation of toxic heavy metals. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 337:122554. [PMID: 37717895 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
The brackish water clam (Corbicula japonica) is constantly exposed to stressful salinity gradients and high levels of heavy metals in the freshwater-saltwater interface of estuary environments, which are introduced from upstream regions and land. To identify the key molecular pathways involved in the response to salinity changes and heavy metal bioaccumulation, we obtained the transcriptomes of C. japonica inhabiting different salinities and heavy metal distributions in Gwangyang Bay (Korea) using RNA sequencing. Among a total of 404,486 assembled unigenes, 5534 differentially expressed genes were identified in C. japonica inhabiting different conditions, 1549 of which were significantly upregulated and 1355 were significantly downregulated. Correlation analyses revealed distinct gene expression patterns between the low and high conditions of salinity and heavy metal bioaccumulation. Functional annotation revealed significant downregulation of genes involved in "ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process," "tricarboxylic acid cycle," and "intracellular protein transport" in C. japonica from the high condition compared to the low condition. Transcription and translation pathways were significantly enriched in the high condition. Additionally, upon comparison of the low and high conditions by qRT-PCR and proteasome enzyme activity analyses, our findings demonstrated that environmental stress could suppress the ubiquitin-proteasome complex (UPC). Additionally, transcriptomic changes under high salinity stress conditions may be related to an increase in cellular protection by defense enzymes, which leads to more energy being required and a disruption of energy homeostasis. Ultimately, this could cause growth retardation in the clam C. japonica. In summary, this study provides the first evidence of UPC suppression induced by a combination of high salinity and heavy metal bioaccumulation stress in C. japonica, which could compromise the survival and growth of estuarine bivalves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyun Park
- Fisheries Science Institute, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, 59626, South Korea
| | - Ihn-Sil Kwak
- Fisheries Science Institute, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, 59626, South Korea; Department of Ocean Integrated Science, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, South Korea.
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2
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Cortez NE, Pathak S, Rodriguez Lanzi C, Hong BV, Crone R, Sule R, Wang F, Chen S, Gomes AV, Baar K, Mackenzie GG. A Ketogenic Diet in Combination with Gemcitabine Mitigates Pancreatic Cancer-Associated Cachexia in Male and Female KPC Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10753. [PMID: 37445930 PMCID: PMC10341838 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated cachexia (CAC) is a critical contributor to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) mortality. Thus, there is an urgent need for new strategies to mitigate PDAC-associated cachexia; and the exploration of dietary interventions is a critical component. We previously observed that a ketogenic diet (KD) combined with gemcitabine enhances overall survival in the autochthonous LSL-KrasG12D/+; LSL-Trp53 R172H/+; Pdx1-Cre (KPC) mouse model. In this study, we investigated the effect and cellular mechanisms of a KD in combination with gemcitabine on the maintenance of skeletal muscle mass in KPC mice. For this purpose, male and female pancreatic tumor-bearing KPC mice were allocated to a control diet (CD), a KD, a CD + gemcitabine (CG), or a KD + gemcitabine (KG) group. We observed that a KD or a KG-mitigated muscle strength declined over time and presented higher gastrocnemius weights compared CD-fed mice. Mechanistically, we observed sex-dependent effects of KG treatment, including the inhibition of autophagy, and increased phosphorylation levels of eIF2α in KG-treated KPC mice when compared to CG-treated mice. Our data suggest that a KG results in preservation of skeletal muscle mass. Additional research is warranted to explore whether this diet-treatment combination can be clinically effective in combating CAC in PDAC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia E. Cortez
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA; (N.E.C.); (C.R.L.); (B.V.H.)
| | - Suraj Pathak
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA; (S.P.); (R.C.); (R.S.); (A.V.G.); (K.B.)
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Cecilia Rodriguez Lanzi
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA; (N.E.C.); (C.R.L.); (B.V.H.)
| | - Brian V. Hong
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA; (N.E.C.); (C.R.L.); (B.V.H.)
| | - Ryman Crone
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA; (S.P.); (R.C.); (R.S.); (A.V.G.); (K.B.)
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Rasheed Sule
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA; (S.P.); (R.C.); (R.S.); (A.V.G.); (K.B.)
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Fangyi Wang
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA;
| | - Shuai Chen
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA;
- University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Aldrin V. Gomes
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA; (S.P.); (R.C.); (R.S.); (A.V.G.); (K.B.)
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Keith Baar
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA; (S.P.); (R.C.); (R.S.); (A.V.G.); (K.B.)
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Gerardo G. Mackenzie
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA; (N.E.C.); (C.R.L.); (B.V.H.)
- University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
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3
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Dominant-negative p53-overexpression in skeletal muscle induces cell death and fiber atrophy in rats. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:716. [PMID: 35977948 PMCID: PMC9385859 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05160-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The tumor suppressor p53 is thought to play a key role in the maintenance of cell size and homeostasis, but relatively little is known about its role in skeletal muscle. Based on its ability to suppress cell growth, we hypothesized that inhibiting the function of wild-type p53 through the overexpression of a dominant-negative p53 mutant (DDp53) could result in muscle fiber hypertrophy. To test this hypothesis, we electroporated adult rat tibialis anterior muscles with DDp53 and collected the tissue three weeks later. We confirmed successful overexpression of DDp53 on a histological and biochemical level and found pronounced changes to muscle architecture, metabolism, and molecular signaling. Muscle mass, fiber cross-sectional area, and fiber diameter significantly decreased with DDp53 overexpression. We found histopathological changes in DDp53 transfected muscle which were accompanied by increased levels of proteins that are associated with membrane damage and repair. In addition, DDp53 decreased oxidative phosphorylation complex I and V protein levels, and despite its negative effects on muscle mass and fiber size, caused an increase in muscle protein synthesis as assessed via the SUnSET technique. Interestingly, the increase in muscle protein synthesis was concomitant with a decrease in phospho-S6K1 (Thr389). Furthermore, the muscle wasting in the DDp53 electroporated leg was accompanied by a decrease in global protein ubiquitination and an increase in proteasome activity. In conclusion, overexpression of a dominant-negative p53 mutant in skeletal muscle results in decreased muscle mass, myofiber size, histological muscle damage, a metabolic phenotype, and perturbed homeostasis between muscle protein synthesis and degradation.
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Takao J, Endo T, Hisamoto H, Sueyoshi K. Direct Measurement of Initial Rate of Enzyme Reaction by Electrokinetic Filtration Using a Hydrogel-plugged Capillary Device. ANAL SCI 2021; 37:1439-1446. [PMID: 33840683 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.21p067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A novel electrokinetic filtration device using a plugged hydrogel was developed to directly measure the initial rate of enzyme reactions. In the proposed method, the enzyme reaction proceeded only for a short time when the substrate was passed through a thin layer of enzyme trapped by the hydrogel without any lag times for mixing and detection. In experimental conditions, alkaline phosphatase (enzyme) was filtrated at a cathodic-side interface of the plugged hydrogel by molecular sieving effect, providing the thin enzyme zone whose thickness was approximately 100 μm. When 4-methylumberiferyl phosphate (substrate) was electrokinetically introduced into the device after trapping the enzyme, 4-methylumberiferone (product) was generated by the enzyme reaction for only 1.26 s as the substrate passed through the trapped enzyme zone. As a result, the initial rate of the enzyme reaction could be directly calculated to 31.0 μM/s by simply dividing the concentration of the product by the tunable reaction time. Compared to the initial rate obtained by mixing the enzyme and substrate solutions, the value of the maximum velocity of the enzyme reaction was 30-fold larger than that in the mixing method due to the preconcentration of the enzyme by trapping. The Michaelis-Menten constant in the proposed method was 2.7-fold larger than that in the mixing method, suggesting the variation of changes in the equilibrium of complex formation under the experimental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junku Takao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University
| | - Tatsuro Endo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University
| | - Hideaki Hisamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University
| | - Kenji Sueyoshi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University.,Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO)
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Brandolini L, Antonosante A, Giorgio C, Bagnasco M, d'Angelo M, Castelli V, Benedetti E, Cimini A, Allegretti M. NSAIDs-dependent adaption of the mitochondria-proteasome system in immortalized human cardiomyocytes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18337. [PMID: 33110169 PMCID: PMC7591859 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75394-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The progressive consumption growth of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) has progressively raised the attention toward the gastrointestinal, renal, and cardiovascular toxicity. Increased risk of cardiovascular diseases was strictly associated with the usage of COX-2 selective NSAIDs. Other studies allowed to clarify that the cardiovascular risk is not limited to COX-2 selective but also extended to non-selective NSAIDs, such as Diclofenac and Ketoprofen. To date, although a less favorable cardiovascular risk profile for Diclofenac as compared to Ketoprofen is reported, the mechanisms through which NSAIDs cause adverse cardiovascular events are not entirely understood. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of Ketoprofen in comparison with Diclofenac in immortalized human cardiomyocytes. The results obtained highlight the dose-dependent cardiotoxicity of Diclofenac compared to Ketoprofen. Despite both drugs induce the increase in ROS production, decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential, and proteasome activity modulation, only Diclofenac exposure shows a marked alteration of these intracellular parameters, leading to cell death. Noteworthy, Diclofenac decreases the proteasome 26S DC and this scenario may be dependent on the intracellular overload of oxidized proteins. The data support the hypothesis that immortalized human cardiomyocytes exposed to Ketoprofen are subjected to tolerable stress events, conversely Diclofenac exposition triggers cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Antonosante
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | | | | | - Michele d'Angelo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Vanessa Castelli
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Benedetti
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Annamaria Cimini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy. .,Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine and Centre for Biotechnology, Temple University, Philadelphia, USA.
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Ryzhikov M, Ehlers A, Steinberg D, Xie W, Oberlander E, Brown S, Gilmore PE, Townsend RR, Lane WS, Dolinay T, Nakahira K, Choi AMK, Haspel JA. Diurnal Rhythms Spatially and Temporally Organize Autophagy. Cell Rep 2020; 26:1880-1892.e6. [PMID: 30759397 PMCID: PMC6442472 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.01.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms are a hallmark of physiology, but how such daily rhythms organize cellular catabolism is poorly understood. Here, we used proteomics to map daily oscillations in autophagic flux in mouse liver and related these rhythms to proteasome activity. We also explored how systemic inflammation affects the temporal structure of autophagy. Our data identified a globally harmonized rhythm for basal macroautophagy, chaperone-mediated autophagy, and proteasomal activity, which concentrates liver proteolysis during the daytime. Basal autophagy rhythms could be resolved into two antiphase clusters that were distinguished by the subcellular location of targeted proteins. Inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide reprogrammed autophagic flux away from a temporal pattern that favors cytosolic targets and toward the turnover of mitochondrial targets. Our data detail how daily biological rhythms connect the temporal, spatial, and metabolic aspects of protein catabolism. How circadian rhythms contribute to cellular quality control is poorly understood. Ryzhikov et al. mapped proteome-wide biological rhythms in liver autophagy and identified synchronous daily oscillations in autophagic and proteasomal activity. Diurnal rhythms play a role in autophagy substrate selection based on subcellular location and inflammation status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Ryzhikov
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8052, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Anna Ehlers
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8052, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Deborah Steinberg
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8052, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Wenfang Xie
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8052, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Respiration, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510315, China
| | - Eitan Oberlander
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8052, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Samuel Brown
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8052, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Petra E Gilmore
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8052, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Reid R Townsend
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8052, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - William S Lane
- Harvard University Mass Spectrometry & Proteomics Laboratory, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Tamas Dolinay
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, UCLA Medical Center, 2625 W. Alameda Avenue, Burbank, CA 91505, USA
| | - Kiichi Nakahira
- Department of Medicine, New York Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center, 555 E. 68 St., New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Augustine M K Choi
- Department of Medicine, New York Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center, 555 E. 68 St., New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Haspel
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8052, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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7
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Gender-specific changes in energy metabolism and protein degradation as major pathways affected in livers of mice treated with ibuprofen. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3386. [PMID: 32099006 PMCID: PMC7042271 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60053-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ibuprofen, an inhibitor of prostanoid biosynthesis, is a common pharmacological agent used for the management of pain, inflammation and fever. However, the chronic use of ibuprofen at high doses is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular, renal, gastrointestinal and liver injuries. The underlying mechanisms of ibuprofen-mediated effects on liver remain unclear. To determine the mechanisms and signaling pathways affected by ibuprofen (100 mg/kg/day for seven days), we performed proteomic profiling of male mice liver with quantitative liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) using ten-plex tandem mass tag (TMT) labeling. More than 300 proteins were significantly altered between the control and ibuprofen-treated groups. The data suggests that several major pathways including (1) energy metabolism, (2) protein degradation, (3) fatty acid metabolism and (4) antioxidant system are altered in livers from ibuprofen treated mice. Independent validation of protein changes in energy metabolism and the antioxidant system was carried out by Western blotting and showed sex-related differences. Proteasome and immunoproteasome activity/expression assays showed ibuprofen induced gender-specific proteasome and immunoproteasome dysfunction in liver. The study observed multifactorial gender-specific ibuprofen-mediated effects on mice liver and suggests that males and females are affected differently by ibuprofen.
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Crisol BM, Veiga CB, Braga RR, Lenhare L, Baptista IL, Gaspar RC, Muñoz VR, Cordeiro AV, da Silva ASR, Cintra DE, Moura LP, Pauli JR, Ropelle ER. NAD + precursor increases aerobic performance in mice. Eur J Nutr 2019; 59:2427-2437. [PMID: 31494696 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-02089-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Nicotinamide riboside (NR) acts as a potent NAD+ precursor and improves mitochondrial oxidative capacity and mitochondrial biogenesis in several organisms. However, the effects of NR supplementation on aerobic performance remain unclear. Here, we evaluated the effects of NR supplementation on the muscle metabolism and aerobic capacity of sedentary and trained mice. METHODS Male C57BL/6 J mice were supplemented with NR (400 mg/Kg/day) over 5 and 10 weeks. The training protocol consisted of 5 weeks of treadmill aerobic exercise, for 60 min a day, 5 days a week. Bioinformatic and physiological assays were combined with biochemical and molecular assays to evaluate the experimental groups. RESULTS NR supplementation by itself did not change the aerobic performance, even though 5 weeks of NR supplementation increased NAD+ levels in the skeletal muscle. However, combining NR supplementation and aerobic training increased the aerobic performance compared to the trained group. This was accompanied by an increased protein content of NMNAT3, the rate-limiting enzyme for NAD + biosynthesis and mitochondrial proteins, including MTCO1 and ATP5a. Interestingly, the transcriptomic analysis using a large panel of isogenic strains of BXD mice confirmed that the Nmnat3 gene in the skeletal muscle is correlated with several mitochondrial markers and with different phenotypes related to physical exercise. Finally, NR supplementation during aerobic training markedly increased the amount of type I fibers in the skeletal muscle. CONCLUSION Taken together, our results indicate that NR may be an interesting strategy to improve mitochondrial metabolism and aerobic capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara M Crisol
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Pedro Zaccaria, 1300, Limeira, SP, 13484-350, Brazil
| | - Camilla B Veiga
- Laboratory of Nutritional Genomics (LabGeN), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Renata R Braga
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Pedro Zaccaria, 1300, Limeira, SP, 13484-350, Brazil
| | - Luciene Lenhare
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Pedro Zaccaria, 1300, Limeira, SP, 13484-350, Brazil.,Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Igor L Baptista
- Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael C Gaspar
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Pedro Zaccaria, 1300, Limeira, SP, 13484-350, Brazil
| | - Vitor R Muñoz
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Pedro Zaccaria, 1300, Limeira, SP, 13484-350, Brazil
| | - André V Cordeiro
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Pedro Zaccaria, 1300, Limeira, SP, 13484-350, Brazil
| | - Adelino S R da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.,Medical School, and Postgraduate Program in Physical Education and Sport, School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Dennys E Cintra
- Laboratory of Nutritional Genomics (LabGeN), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Leandro P Moura
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Pedro Zaccaria, 1300, Limeira, SP, 13484-350, Brazil.,CEPECE-Center of Research in Sport Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - José R Pauli
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Pedro Zaccaria, 1300, Limeira, SP, 13484-350, Brazil.,CEPECE-Center of Research in Sport Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo R Ropelle
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Pedro Zaccaria, 1300, Limeira, SP, 13484-350, Brazil. .,Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil. .,CEPECE-Center of Research in Sport Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, SP, Brazil.
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9
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Preau S, Ambler M, Sigurta A, Kleyman A, Dyson A, Hill NE, Boulanger E, Singer M. Protein recycling and limb muscle recovery after critical illness in slow- and fast-twitch limb muscle. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2019; 316:R584-R593. [PMID: 30789789 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00221.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
An impaired capacity of muscle to regenerate after critical illness results in long-term functional disability. We previously described in a long-term rat peritonitis model that gastrocnemius displays near-normal histology whereas soleus demonstrates a necrotizing phenotype. We thus investigated the link between the necrotizing phenotype of critical illness myopathy and proteasome activity in these two limb muscles. We studied male Wistar rats that underwent an intraperitoneal injection of the fungal cell wall constituent zymosan or n-saline as a sham-treated control. Rats (n = 74) were killed at 2, 7, and 14 days postintervention with gastrocnemius and soleus muscle removed and studied ex vivo. Zymosan-treated animals displayed an initial reduction of body weight but a persistent decrease in mass of both lower hindlimb muscles. Zymosan increased chymotrypsin- and trypsin-like proteasome activities in gastrocnemius at days 2 and 7 but in soleus at day 2 only. Activated caspases-3 and -9, polyubiquitin proteins, and 14-kDa fragments of myofibrillar actin (proteasome substrates) remained persistently increased from day 2 to day 14 in soleus but not in gastrocnemius. These results suggest that a relative proteasome deficiency in soleus is associated with a necrotizing phenotype during long-term critical illness. Rescuing proteasome clearance may offer a potential therapeutic option to prevent long-term functional disability in critically ill patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastien Preau
- Bloomsbury Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, Division of Medicine, University College London , London , United Kingdom.,Université de Lille, Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire de Lille, INSERM, Lille Inflammation Research International Center, Lille, France
| | - Michael Ambler
- Bloomsbury Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, Division of Medicine, University College London , London , United Kingdom
| | - Anna Sigurta
- Bloomsbury Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, Division of Medicine, University College London , London , United Kingdom
| | - Anna Kleyman
- Bloomsbury Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, Division of Medicine, University College London , London , United Kingdom
| | - Alex Dyson
- Bloomsbury Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, Division of Medicine, University College London , London , United Kingdom
| | - Neil E Hill
- Bloomsbury Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, Division of Medicine, University College London , London , United Kingdom
| | - Eric Boulanger
- Université de Lille, Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire de Lille, INSERM, Lille Inflammation Research International Center, Lille, France
| | - Mervyn Singer
- Bloomsbury Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, Division of Medicine, University College London , London , United Kingdom
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10
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Hwang HV, Lin Y, Rebuffatti MN, Tran DT, Lee L, Gomes AV, Li CS, Knowlton AA. Impaired proteostasis in senescent vascular endothelial cells: a perspective on estrogen and oxidative stress in the aging vasculature. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2018; 316:H421-H429. [PMID: 30499713 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00318.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The heat shock response is an important cytoprotective mechanism for protein homeostasis and is an essential protective response to cellular stress and injury. Studies on changes in the heat shock response with aging have been mixed with regard to whether it is inhibited, and this, at least in part, reflects different tissues and different models. Cellular senescence is a key feature in aging, but work on the heat shock response in cultured senescent (SEN) cells has largely been limited to fibroblasts. Given the prevalence of oxidative injury in the aging cardiovascular system, we investigated whether SEN primary human coronary artery endothelial cells have a diminished heat shock response and impaired proteostasis. In addition, we tested whether this downregulation of heat shock response can be mitigated by 17β-estradiol (E2), which has a critical cardioprotective role in women, as we have previously reported that E2 improves the heat shock response in endothelial cells (Hamilton KL, Mbai FN, Gupta S, Knowlton AA. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 24: 1628-1633, 2004). We found that SEN endothelial cells, despite their unexpectedly increased proteasome activity, had a diminished heat shock response and had more protein aggregation than early passage cells. SEN cells had increased oxidative stress, which promoted protein aggregation. E2 treatment did not decrease protein aggregation or improve the heat shock response in either early passage or SEN cells. In summary, cellular senescence in adult human endothelial cells is accompanied by increased oxidative stress and a blunting of proteostasis, and E2 did not mitigate these changes. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Senescent human endothelial cells have a diminished heat shock response and increased protein aggregates. Senescent human endothelial cells have increased basal oxidative stress, which increases protein aggregates. Physiological level of 17β-estradiol did not improve proteostasis in endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- HyunTae V Hwang
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Yun Lin
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Michelle N Rebuffatti
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Darlene T Tran
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Lily Lee
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Aldrin V Gomes
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California, Davis, California.,Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Chin-Shang Li
- School of Nursing, The State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Anne A Knowlton
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Sacramento, California.,Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, California.,Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, California
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11
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Lee K, Haddad A, Osme A, Kim C, Borzou A, Ilchenko S, Allende D, Dasarathy S, McCullough A, Sadygov RG, Kasumov T. Hepatic Mitochondrial Defects in a Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Mouse Model Are Associated with Increased Degradation of Oxidative Phosphorylation Subunits. Mol Cell Proteomics 2018; 17:2371-2386. [PMID: 30171159 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra118.000961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction characterized by reduced ATP synthesis. We applied the 2H2O-metabolic labeling approach to test the hypothesis that the reduced stability of oxidative phosphorylation proteins contributes to mitochondrial dysfunction in a diet-induced mouse model of NAFLD. A high fat diet containing cholesterol (a so-called Western diet (WD)) led to hepatic oxidative stress, steatosis, inflammation and mild fibrosis, all markers of NAFLD, in low density cholesterol (LDL) receptor deficient (LDLR-/-) mice. In addition, compared with controls (LDLR-/- mice on normal diet), livers from NAFLD mice had reduced citrate synthase activity and ATP content, suggesting mitochondrial impairment. Proteome dynamics study revealed that mitochondrial defects are associated with reduced average half-lives of mitochondrial proteins in NAFLD mice (5.41 ± 0.46 versus 5.15 ± 0.49 day, p < 0.05). In particular, the WD reduced stability of oxidative phosphorylation subunits, including cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 1 (5.9 ± 0.1 versus 3.4 ± 0.8 day), ATP synthase subunit α (6.3 ± 0.4 versus 5.5 ± 0.4 day) and ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit B1 of complex V (8.5 ± 0.6 versus 6.5 ± 0.2 day) (p < 0.05). These changes were associated with impaired complex III and F0F1-ATP synthase activities. Markers of mitophagy were increased, but proteasomal degradation activity were reduced in NAFLD mice liver, suggesting that ATP deficiency because of reduced stability of oxidative phosphorylation complex subunits contributed to inhibition of ubiquitin-proteasome and activation of mitophagy. In conclusion, the 2H2O-metabolic labeling approach shows that increased degradation of hepatic oxidative phosphorylation subunits contributed to mitochondrial impairment in NAFLD mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwangwon Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio 44272
| | - Andrew Haddad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio 44272
| | - Abdullah Osme
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio 44272
| | - Chunki Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio 44272
| | - Ahmad Borzou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555
| | - Sergei Ilchenko
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio 44272
| | - Daniela Allende
- Department of Pathology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
| | | | - Arthur McCullough
- Department of Hepatology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
| | - Rovshan G Sadygov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555
| | - Takhar Kasumov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio 44272; Department of Hepatology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio 44195.
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12
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Miettinen TP, Peltier J, Härtlova A, Gierliński M, Jansen VM, Trost M, Björklund M. Thermal proteome profiling of breast cancer cells reveals proteasomal activation by CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib. EMBO J 2018; 37:e98359. [PMID: 29669860 PMCID: PMC5978322 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201798359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Palbociclib is a CDK4/6 inhibitor approved for metastatic estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. In addition to G1 cell cycle arrest, palbociclib treatment results in cell senescence, a phenotype that is not readily explained by CDK4/6 inhibition. In order to identify a molecular mechanism responsible for palbociclib-induced senescence, we performed thermal proteome profiling of MCF7 breast cancer cells. In addition to affecting known CDK4/6 targets, palbociclib induces a thermal stabilization of the 20S proteasome, despite not directly binding to it. We further show that palbociclib treatment increases proteasome activity independently of the ubiquitin pathway. This leads to cellular senescence, which can be counteracted by proteasome inhibitors. Palbociclib-induced proteasome activation and senescence is mediated by reduced proteasomal association of ECM29. Loss of ECM29 activates the proteasome, blocks cell proliferation, and induces a senescence-like phenotype. Finally, we find that ECM29 mRNA levels are predictive of relapse-free survival in breast cancer patients treated with endocrine therapy. In conclusion, thermal proteome profiling identifies the proteasome and ECM29 protein as mediators of palbociclib activity in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teemu P Miettinen
- Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, UK
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Julien Peltier
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Anetta Härtlova
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Marek Gierliński
- Division of Computational Biology, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Valerie M Jansen
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Matthias Trost
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Mikael Björklund
- Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
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13
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Sanuki R, Sueyoshi K, Endo T, Hisamoto H. Double Sweeping: Highly Effective Sample Preconcentration Using Cationic and Anionic Micelles and Its Application to a Multiple Enzyme Activity Assay. Anal Chem 2017; 89:6505-6512. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b00586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Sanuki
- Department of Applied
Chemistry,
Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku,
Sakai-shi, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Kenji Sueyoshi
- Department of Applied
Chemistry,
Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku,
Sakai-shi, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Endo
- Department of Applied
Chemistry,
Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku,
Sakai-shi, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Hideaki Hisamoto
- Department of Applied
Chemistry,
Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku,
Sakai-shi, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
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14
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Influence of the experimental setup on the determination of enzyme kinetic parameters. Biotechnol Prog 2016; 33:87-95. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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15
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Subnormothermic Perfusion in the Isolated Rat Liver Preserves the Antioxidant Glutathione and Enhances the Function of the Ubiquitin Proteasome System. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:9324692. [PMID: 27800122 PMCID: PMC5075307 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9324692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The reduction of oxidative stress is suggested to be one of the main mechanisms to explain the benefits of subnormothermic perfusion against ischemic liver damage. In this study we investigated the early cellular mechanisms induced in isolated rat livers after 15 min perfusion at temperatures ranging from normothermia (37°C) to subnormothermia (26°C and 22°C). Subnormothermic perfusion was found to maintain hepatic viability. Perfusion at 22°C raised reduced glutathione levels and the activity of glutathione reductase; however, lipid and protein oxidation still occurred as determined by malondialdehyde, 4-hydroxynonenal-protein adducts, and advanced oxidation protein products. In livers perfused at 22°C the lysosomal and ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) were both activated. The 26S chymotrypsin-like (β5) proteasome activity was significantly increased in the 26°C (46%) and 22°C (42%) groups. The increased proteasome activity may be due to increased Rpt6 Ser120 phosphorylation, which is known to enhance 26S proteasome activity. Together, our results indicate that the early events produced by subnormothermic perfusion in the liver can induce oxidative stress concomitantly with antioxidant glutathione preservation and enhanced function of the lysosomal and UPS systems. Thus, a brief hypothermia could trigger antioxidant mechanisms and may be functioning as a preconditioning stimulus.
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16
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Sueyoshi K, Nogawa Y, Sugawara K, Endo T, Hisamoto H. Highly Sensitive and Multiple Enzyme Activity Assay Using Reagent-release Capillary-Isoelectric Focusing with Rhodamine 110-based Substrates. ANAL SCI 2016; 31:1155-61. [PMID: 26561260 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.31.1155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a simple and highly sensitive enzyme activity assay based on reagent-release capillary-isoelectric focusing is described. Reagent-release capillaries containing a fluorescent substrate, which produces fluorescent products possessing an isoelectric point after reaction with enzymes, provides a simple procedure. This is because it allows to spontaneously inject a sample solution into the capillary by capillary action, mixing reagents, and subsequently concentrating the fluorescent products based on isoelectric focusing. Fluorescent rhodamine 110 and its monoamide derivative, which were generated as a final product and an intermediate, respectively, were then focused and separated by reagent-release capillary-isoelectric focusing. After 30 min of enzyme reactions, two focused fluorescent bands were clearly isolated along the prepared capillaries. Employing the focused band of rhodamine 110 monoamide allowed for highly sensitive detection of enzyme activity in the 10 pg mL(-1) order, while that of the conventional assay using a microplate was in the ng mL(-1) order. Furthermore, arraying reagent-release capillaries of different substrates on a chip allowed for simultaneous multi-assay of enzyme activity with good sensitivity in the pg mL(-1) order for each protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Sueyoshi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University
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17
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Diclofenac induces proteasome and mitochondrial dysfunction in murine cardiomyocytes and hearts. Int J Cardiol 2016; 223:923-935. [PMID: 27589040 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.08.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the most common nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) used worldwide, diclofenac (DIC), has been linked to increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The molecular mechanism(s) by which DIC causes CVD is unknown. METHODS Proteasome activities were studied in hearts, livers, and kidneys from male Swiss Webster mice treated with either 100mg/kg DIC for 18h (acute treatment) or 10mg/kg DIC for 28days (chronic treatment). Cultured H9c2 cells and neonatal cardiomyocytes were also treated with different concentrations of DIC and proteasome function, cell death and ROS generation studied. Isolated mouse heart mitochondria were utilized to determine the effect of DIC on various electron transport chain complex activities. RESULTS DIC significantly inhibited the chymotrypsin-like proteasome activity in rat cardiac H9c2 cells, murine neonatal cardiomyocytes, and mouse hearts, but did not affect proteasome subunit expression levels. Proteasome activity was also affected in liver and kidney tissues from DIC treated animals. The levels of polyubiquitinated proteins increased in hearts from DIC treated mice. Importantly, the levels of oxidized proteins increased while the β5i immunoproteasome activity decreased in hearts from DIC treated mice. DIC increased ROS production and cell death in H9c2 cells and neonatal cardiomyocytes while the cardioprotective NSAID, aspirin, had no effect on ROS levels or cell viability. DIC inhibited mitochondrial Complex III, a major source of ROS, and impaired mitochondrial membrane potential suggesting that mitochondria are the major sites of ROS generation. CONCLUSION These results suggest that DIC induces cardiotoxicity by a ROS dependent mechanism involving mitochondrial and proteasome dysfunction.
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18
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Ghosh R, Hwang SM, Cui Z, Gilda JE, Gomes AV. Different effects of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs meclofenamate sodium and naproxen sodium on proteasome activity in cardiac cells. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2016; 94:131-144. [PMID: 27049794 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2016.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like meclofenamate sodium (MS), used to reduce pain, has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Naproxen (NAP), another NSAID, is not associated with increased risk of CVD. The molecular mechanism(s) by which NSAIDs induce CVD is unknown. We investigated the effects of MS and NAP on protein homeostasis and cardiotoxicity in rat cardiac H9c2 cells and murine neonatal cardiomyocytes. MS, but not NAP, significantly inhibited proteasome activity and reduced cardiac cell viability at pharmacological levels found in humans. Although proteasome subunit gene and protein expression were unaffected by NSAIDs, MS treated cell lysates showed higher 20S proteasome content, while purified proteasomes from MS treated cells had lower proteasome activity and higher levels of oxidized subunits than proteasomes from control cells. Addition of exogenous proteasome to MS treated cells improved cell viability. Both MS and NAP increased ROS production, but the rate of ROS production was greater in MS than in NAP treated cells. The ROS production is likely from mitochondria, as MS inhibited mitochondrial Complexes I and III, major sources of ROS, while NAP inhibited Complex I. MS also impaired mitochondrial membrane potential while NAP did not. Antioxidants were able to prevent the reduced cell viability caused by MS treatment. These results suggest that NSAIDs induce cardiotoxicity by a ROS dependent mechanism involving mitochondrial and proteasome dysfunction and may explain why some NSAIDs should not be given to patients for long periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeshwary Ghosh
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Soyun M Hwang
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Ziyou Cui
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Jennifer E Gilda
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Aldrin V Gomes
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States; Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States.
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19
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Gilda JE, Lai X, Witzmann FA, Gomes AV. Delineation of Molecular Pathways Involved in Cardiomyopathies Caused by Troponin T Mutations. Mol Cell Proteomics 2016; 15:1962-81. [PMID: 27022107 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m115.057380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (FHC) is associated with mild to severe cardiac problems and is the leading cause of sudden death in young people and athletes. Although the genetic basis for FHC is well-established, the molecular mechanisms that ultimately lead to cardiac dysfunction are not well understood. To obtain important insights into the molecular mechanism(s) involved in FHC, hearts from two FHC troponin T models (Ile79Asn [I79N] and Arg278Cys [R278C]) were investigated using label-free proteomics and metabolomics. Mutations in troponin T are the third most common cause of FHC, and the I79N mutation is associated with a high risk of sudden cardiac death. Most FHC-causing mutations, including I79N, increase the Ca(2+) sensitivity of the myofilament; however, the R278C mutation does not alter Ca(2+) sensitivity and is associated with a better prognosis than most FHC mutations. Out of more than 1200 identified proteins, 53 and 76 proteins were differentially expressed in I79N and R278C hearts, respectively, when compared with wild-type hearts. Interestingly, more than 400 proteins were differentially expressed when the I79N and R278C hearts were directly compared. The three major pathways affected in I79N hearts relative to R278C and wild-type hearts were the ubiquitin-proteasome system, antioxidant systems, and energy production pathways. Further investigation of the proteasome system using Western blotting and activity assays showed that proteasome dysfunction occurs in I79N hearts. Metabolomic results corroborate the proteomic data and suggest the glycolytic, citric acid, and electron transport chain pathways are important pathways that are altered in I79N hearts relative to R278C or wild-type hearts. Our findings suggest that impaired energy production and protein degradation dysfunction are important mechanisms in FHCs associated with poor prognosis and that cardiac hypertrophy is not likely needed for a switch from fatty acid to glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xianyin Lai
- ¶Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
| | - Frank A Witzmann
- ¶Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
| | - Aldrin V Gomes
- From the ‡Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, §Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California, Davis, California 95616;
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20
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Grosch JH, Sieben M, Lattermann C, Kauffmann K, Büchs J, Spieß AC. Enzyme activity deviates due to spatial and temporal temperature profiles in commercial microtiter plate readers. Biotechnol J 2016; 11:519-29. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201500422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Michaela Sieben
- RWTH Aachen University, AVT - Biochemical Engineering; Aachen Germany
| | | | - Kira Kauffmann
- RWTH Aachen University, AVT - Enzyme Process Technology; Aachen Germany
| | - Jochen Büchs
- RWTH Aachen University, AVT - Enzyme Process Technology; Aachen Germany
| | - Antje C. Spieß
- RWTH Aachen University, AVT - Enzyme Process Technology; Aachen Germany
- DWI - Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials; Aachen Germany
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21
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Ghosh R, Gilda JE, Gomes AV. The necessity of and strategies for improving confidence in the accuracy of western blots. Expert Rev Proteomics 2014; 11:549-60. [PMID: 25059473 DOI: 10.1586/14789450.2014.939635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Western blotting is one of the most commonly used laboratory techniques for identifying proteins and semi-quantifying protein amounts; however, several recent findings suggest that western blots may not be as reliable as previously assumed. This is not surprising since many labs are unaware of the limitations of western blotting. In this manuscript, we review essential strategies for improving confidence in the accuracy of western blots. These strategies include selecting the best normalization standard, proper sample preparation, determining the linear range for antibodies and protein stains relevant to the sample of interest, confirming the quality of the primary antibody, preventing signal saturation and accurately quantifying the signal intensity of the target protein. Although western blotting is a powerful and indispensable scientific technique that can be used to accurately quantify relative protein levels, it is necessary that proper experimental techniques and strategies are employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeshwary Ghosh
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis, 191 Briggs Hall, One Shields Avenue, CA 95616, USA
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22
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Liepe J, Holzhütter HG, Kloetzel PM, Stumpf MPH, Mishto M. Modelling proteasome and proteasome regulator activities. Biomolecules 2014; 4:585-99. [PMID: 24970232 PMCID: PMC4101499 DOI: 10.3390/biom4020585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Revised: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteasomes are key proteases involved in a variety of processes ranging from the clearance of damaged proteins to the presentation of antigens to CD8+ T-lymphocytes. Which cleavage sites are used within the target proteins and how fast these proteins are degraded have a profound impact on immune system function and many cellular metabolic processes. The regulation of proteasome activity involves different mechanisms, such as the substitution of the catalytic subunits, the binding of regulatory complexes to proteasome gates and the proteasome conformational modifications triggered by the target protein itself. Mathematical models are invaluable in the analysis; and potentially allow us to predict the complex interactions of proteasome regulatory mechanisms and the final outcomes of the protein degradation rate and MHC class I epitope generation. The pioneering attempts that have been made to mathematically model proteasome activity, cleavage preference variation and their modification by one of the regulatory mechanisms are reviewed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Liepe
- Theoretical Systems Biology, Division of Molecular Biosciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | | | - Peter M Kloetzel
- Institute of Biochemistry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Michael P H Stumpf
- Theoretical Systems Biology, Division of Molecular Biosciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Michele Mishto
- Institute of Biochemistry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
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23
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Jamart C, Gomes AV, Dewey S, Deldicque L, Raymackers JM, Francaux M. Regulation of ubiquitin-proteasome and autophagy pathways after acute LPS and epoxomicin administration in mice. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2014; 15:166. [PMID: 24885455 PMCID: PMC4041039 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2474-15-166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP) is a major protein degradation pathway that is activated during sepsis and has been proposed as a therapeutic target for preventing skeletal muscle loss due to cachexia. Although several studies have investigated the modulation of proteasome activity in response to LPS administration, none have characterized the overall UPP response to LPS administration in the fate of proteasome inhibition. Methods Here, we determined the modulation pattern of the main key components of the UPP in the gastrocnemius (GAS) of mice during the acute phase of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated endotoxemia (7.5 mg/kg – 8 h) by measuring all three β1, β2 and β5 activites of the 20S and 26S proteasomes, the levels of steady state polyubiquitinated proteins, mRNA levels of muscle ligases, as well as signaling pathways regulating the UPP. Another goal was to assess the effects of administration of a specific proteasome inhibitor (epoxomicin, 0.5 mg/kg) on UPP response to sepsis. Results The acute phase of LPS-induced endotoxemia lowered GAS/body weight ratio and increased MuRF1 and MAFbx mRNA concomitantly to an activation of the pathways known to regulate their expression. Unexpectedly, we observed a decrease in all 20S and 26S proteasome activities measured in GAS, which might be related to oxidative stress, as oxidized proteins (carbonyl levels) increase with LPS. While significantly inhibiting 20S and 26S proteasome β5 activities in heart and liver, epoxomicin did not lower proteasome activity in GAS. However, the increase in mRNA expression of the muscle ligases MuRF1 and MAFbx were partially rescued without affecting the other investigated signaling pathways. LPS also strongly activated autophagy, which could explain the observed GAS atrophy with LPS-induced reduction of proteasome activity. Conclusions Our results highlight an opposite regulation of UPP in the early hours of LPS-induced muscle atrophy by showing reduced proteasome activities and increased mRNA expression of muscle specific ligases. Furthermore, our data do not support any preventive effect of epoxomicin in muscle atrophy due to acute cachexia since proteasome activities are not further repressed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Marc Francaux
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Place Pierre de Coubertin, 1 bte L8,10,01, Louvain-la-Neuve 1348, Belgium.
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Gomes AV. Genetics of proteasome diseases. SCIENTIFICA 2013; 2013:637629. [PMID: 24490108 PMCID: PMC3892944 DOI: 10.1155/2013/637629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The proteasome is a large, multiple subunit complex that is capable of degrading most intracellular proteins. Polymorphisms in proteasome subunits are associated with cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, neurological diseases, and cancer. One polymorphism in the proteasome gene PSMA6 (-8C/G) is associated with three different diseases: type 2 diabetes, myocardial infarction, and coronary artery disease. One type of proteasome, the immunoproteasome, which contains inducible catalytic subunits, is adapted to generate peptides for antigen presentation. It has recently been shown that mutations and polymorphisms in the immunoproteasome catalytic subunit PSMB8 are associated with several inflammatory and autoinflammatory diseases including Nakajo-Nishimura syndrome, CANDLE syndrome, and intestinal M. tuberculosis infection. This comprehensive review describes the disease-related polymorphisms in proteasome genes associated with human diseases and the physiological modulation of proteasome function by these polymorphisms. Given the large number of subunits and the central importance of the proteasome in human physiology as well as the fast pace of detection of proteasome polymorphisms associated with human diseases, it is likely that other polymorphisms in proteasome genes associated with diseases will be detected in the near future. While disease-associated polymorphisms are now readily discovered, the challenge will be to use this genetic information for clinical benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldrin V. Gomes
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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