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Qi S, Fu J, Li Y, Fei C, Zhang J, Sui L, Zhou S, Li J, Zhao Y, Wu D. Electrochemical response mechanism of DNA damaged cells: DNA damage repair and purine metabolism activation. Bioelectrochemistry 2025; 161:108832. [PMID: 39395363 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2024.108832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 09/24/2024] [Accepted: 09/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/14/2024]
Abstract
In modern society, due to the sharp increase in pollutants that cause DNA damage, there is a growing demand for innovative detection techniques and biomarkers. In this paper, the electrochemical behavior of HepG2 cells exposed to CdCl2 was investigated, and the electrochemical response mechanism of DNA damage was identified by exploring the correlation between the DNA damage response and purine metabolism. Western blot analysis revealed that the expression levels of ATM and Ku70 increased at 0.3 μM CdCl2, indicating a DNA damage response and activation of DNA repair processes. Simultaneously, elevated expression levels of PRPP aminotransferase, HPRT, and XOD were observed, leading to an increase in intracellular purine levels and electrochemical signals. The expression of Ku70 peaked at 0.5 μM CdCl2, indicating the highest DNA repair activity. The expression profiles of these purine metabolism proteins mirrored those of Ku70, suggesting a strong correlation between the activation of purine metabolism and DNA damage repair. Consistently, intracellular purine levels exhibited a similar trend, leading to corresponding changes in electrochemical signals. In summary, electrochemical using intracellular purines as biomarkers has the potential to emerge as a novel method for detecting early DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shulan Qi
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, PR China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Pharmacotoxicological Evaluation, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Jiaqi Fu
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, PR China
| | - Yue Li
- Related Diseases College of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang Province 154000, PR China
| | - Chaoqun Fei
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, PR China
| | - Jiahuan Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, PR China
| | - Liyuan Sui
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, PR China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Pharmacotoxicological Evaluation, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Shi Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, PR China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Pharmacotoxicological Evaluation, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Jinlian Li
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, PR China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Pharmacotoxicological Evaluation, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China.
| | - Yanli Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, PR China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Pharmacotoxicological Evaluation, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China.
| | - Dongmei Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, PR China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Pharmacotoxicological Evaluation, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China.
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Wei X, Reddy VS, Gao S, Zhai X, Li Z, Shi J, Niu L, Zhang D, Ramakrishna S, Zou X. Recent advances in electrochemical cell-based biosensors for food analysis: Strategies for sensor construction. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 248:115947. [PMID: 38181518 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Owing to their advantages such as great specificity, sensitivity, rapidity, and possibility of noninvasive and real-time monitoring, electrochemical cell-based biosensors (ECBBs) have been a powerful tool for food analysis encompassing the areas of nutrition, flavor, and safety. Notably, the distinctive biological relevance of ECBBs enables them to mimic physiological environments and reflect cellular behaviors, leading to valuable insights into the biological function of target components in food. Compared with previous reviews, this review fills the current gap in the narrative of ECBB construction strategies. The review commences by providing an overview of the materials and configuration of ECBBs, including cell types, cell immobilization strategies, electrode modification materials, and electrochemical sensing types. Subsequently, a detailed discussion is presented on the fabrication strategies of ECBBs in food analysis applications, which are categorized based on distinct signal sources. Lastly, we summarize the merits, drawbacks, and application scope of these diverse strategies, and discuss the current challenges and future perspectives of ECBBs. Consequently, this review provides guidance for the design of ECBBs with specific functions and promotes the application of ECBBs in food analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoou Wei
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China; Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Vundrala Sumedha Reddy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Shipeng Gao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Zhai
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Zhihua Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Jiyong Shi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Lidan Niu
- Key Laboratory of Condiment Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing 401121, PR China
| | - Di Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China; Key Laboratory of Condiment Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing 401121, PR China.
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore.
| | - Xiaobo Zou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
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Zhang J, Fei C, Qi S, Fu J, Zhou S, Wang Z, Li J, Zhao Y, Wu D. The toxicity response of the electrochemical signal of the cell to the drug metabolized by the S9 system. Analyst 2024; 149:1921-1928. [PMID: 38375539 DOI: 10.1039/d4an00010b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
The electrochemical detection method of cytotoxicity using intracellular purines as biomarkers has shown great potential for in vitro drug toxicity evaluation. However, no electrochemical detection system based on an in vitro drug metabolism mechanism has been devised. In this paper, electrochemical voltammetry was used to investigate the effect of the S9 system on the electrochemical behavior of HepG2 cells, and benzo[a]pyrene, fluoranthene, and pyrene were employed to investigate the sensitivity of electrochemical signals of cells to the cytotoxicity of drugs metabolized by the S9 system. The results showed that, within 8 h of exposure to the S9 system, the electrochemical signal of HepG2 cells at 0.7 V did not alter noticeably. The levels of xanthine, guanine, hypoxanthine, and adenine in the cells were not significantly altered. Compared with the absence of S9 system metabolism, benzo[a]pyrene and fluoranthene processed by the S9 system decreased the electrochemical signal of the cells in a dose-dependent manner, while pyrene did not change it appreciably. HPLC also revealed that benzo[a]pyrene and fluoranthene metabolized by the S9 system decreased the intracellular purine levels, whereas pyrene had no effect on them before and after S9 system metabolism. The cytotoxicity results of the three drugs examined by electrochemical voltammetry and MTT assay showed a strong correlation and good agreement. The S9 system had no effect on the intracellular purine levels or the electrochemical signal of cells. When the drug was metabolized by the S9 system, variations in cytotoxicity could be precisely detected by electrochemical voltammetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahuan Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, P. R. China.
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Pharmacotoxicological Evaluation, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Chaoqun Fei
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, P. R. China.
| | - Shulan Qi
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, P. R. China.
| | - Jiaqi Fu
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, P. R. China.
| | - Shi Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, P. R. China.
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Pharmacotoxicological Evaluation, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Zhong Wang
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Pharmacotoxicological Evaluation, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
- College of Biology and Agriculture, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, P. R. China
| | - Jinlian Li
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, P. R. China.
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Pharmacotoxicological Evaluation, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Yanli Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, P. R. China.
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Pharmacotoxicological Evaluation, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Dongmei Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, P. R. China.
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Pharmacotoxicological Evaluation, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
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Ye C, Guo H, Wei Y, Zhou S, Zhang S, Li J, Cui J, Wu D. K 2Cr 2O 7-induced DNA damage in HT1080 cells: Electrochemical signal response mechanism. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129629. [PMID: 38266843 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
The existing DNA damage detection technology cannot meet the current detection requirements. It is critical to build new methods and discover novel biomarkers. In this study, alkaline comet and 8-OHDG ELISA assays were used to identify DNA damage in HT-1080 cells exposed to K2Cr2O7, and electrochemical behaviors of HT-1080 cells with DNA damage was studied. With an increase in K2Cr2O7 exposure time, two electrochemical signals from HT-1080 cells at 0.69 and 1.01 V steadily grew before decreasing after reaching their highest values. The electrochemical signal's initial response time and peak time decreased as the concentration of K2Cr2O7 increased. The duration of the high dose group was 0.5 and 1 h, while the low dose group was 1.5 and 6 h. Western blotting analysis revealed that DNA damage increased the expression of proteins involved in catabolism and de novo purine synthesis, particularly de novo purine synthesis. Expressions of PRPP amidotransferase, IMPDH, and ADA were all higher than those of ADSS, XOD, and GDA, which resulted in larger concentrations of hypoxanthine, guanine, and xanthine, and in turn improved electrochemical signaling. These findings suggest that intracellular purine identified by linear scan voltammetry is predicted to evolve as a marker of early DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai Ye
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, PR China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Pharmacotoxicological Evaluation, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, PR China
| | - Haohuan Guo
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, PR China
| | - Ying Wei
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Pharmacotoxicological Evaluation, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, PR China
| | - Shi Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, PR China
| | - Simiao Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, PR China
| | - Jinlian Li
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, PR China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Pharmacotoxicological Evaluation, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, PR China.
| | - Jiwen Cui
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, PR China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Pharmacotoxicological Evaluation, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, PR China.
| | - Dongmei Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, PR China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Pharmacotoxicological Evaluation, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, PR China.
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Wei Y, Shen H, Gao C, Du Y, Zhao Y, Wang Y, Zhou S, Li J, Zhao B, Wu D. Electrochemical detection mechanism of estrogen effect induced by cadmium: The regulation of purine metabolism by the estrogen effect of cadmium. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 311:136970. [PMID: 36283430 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Some heavy metals in the environment may have estrogen-like activity, which probably lead to major diseases such as breast cancer. It is of great importance to establish new methods to evaluate the estrogen effect of heavy metals from multiple angles due to the complex mechanism of estrogen effect. In this paper, using MCF-7 cells as model, the electrochemical detection mechanism of the estrogen effect of heavy metal cadmium (Cd) was studied. The two electrochemical signals of MCF-7 cells derived from uric acid (0.30 V) and the mixture of guanine and xanthine (0.68 V) increased in a time and dose-dependent manner when MCF-7 cells induced by Cd, reaching the maximum at 96 h and 10-9 mol L-1. Further studies found that three purine metabolism pathways about de novo synthesis, salvage synthesis and decomposition metabolism were activated by the estrogen effect of Cd. The expression of PRPP amidotransferase in purine de novo synthesis pathway and HPRT in purine salvage synthesis pathway up-regulated, especially HPRT, which promoted cell proliferation together. Nevertheless, the expression of GDA and ADA, the key enzymes in purine decomposition metabolism pathway, up-regulated in a time and dose-dependent manner, which had same tendency with that of ERα, thereby increased the content of intracellular hypoxanthine, guanine, xanthine and uric acid, and enhanced electrochemical signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wei
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, 154007, PR China
| | - Hongkuan Shen
- Jiamusi Inspection and Testing Center, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, 154007, PR China
| | - Changsheng Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, 154007, PR China
| | - Yuan Du
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Pharmacotoxicological Evaluation, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, 154007, PR China
| | - Yanli Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, 154007, PR China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Pharmacotoxicological Evaluation, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, 154007, PR China
| | - Yuhang Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, 154007, PR China
| | - Shi Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, 154007, PR China
| | - Jinlian Li
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, 154007, PR China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Pharmacotoxicological Evaluation, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, 154007, PR China.
| | - Baojiang Zhao
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Pharmacotoxicological Evaluation, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, 154007, PR China.
| | - Dongmei Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, 154007, PR China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Pharmacotoxicological Evaluation, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, 154007, PR China.
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Wei Y, Gao C, Cui J, Shen H, Zhao Y, Zhou S, Ye C, Du Y, Li J, Wu D. The response of electrochemical method to estrogen effect and the tolerance to culture factors: Comparison with MTT and cell counting methods. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1233:340514. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Chen SY, Ji XX, Song DX, Chen Q, Li Y, Sun N, Wang L, Wu SY, Zhang Y, Zhu MC. A NEW MONOMER Ce(III) COMPLEX BASED ON BIS[(2-PYRIDYL)METHYLENE]PYRIDINE- 2,6-DICARBOHYDRAZONE: SYNTHESIS, DNA BINDING, APOPTOSIS, AND MOLECULAR DOCKING. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022476622100031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Zhao Y, Sun H, Shen H, Zhou S, Wang Y, Li J, Wu D. EMS-induced cellular DNA damage detection by electrochemical method: A new biomarker of early DNA damage. Talanta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.124049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Liu G, Wu S, Liu W, Gao G, Zhang Y, Gao E, Zhu M. Three novel spiral chain Nd (III) Eu (III) Sm (III)complexes bridged by 1,1 '(1,4‐phenylene‐bis [methylene])‐bis (pyridine‐3‐carboxylicaicd): Synthesis, structural characterization, and antitumor activity. Appl Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gongchi Liu
- International Key Laboratory of Liaoning Inorganic Molecule‐Based Chemical and Department of Coordination Chemistry Shenyang University of Chemical Technology Shenyang China
| | - Shuangyan Wu
- International Key Laboratory of Liaoning Inorganic Molecule‐Based Chemical and Department of Coordination Chemistry Shenyang University of Chemical Technology Shenyang China
| | - Wei Liu
- International Key Laboratory of Liaoning Inorganic Molecule‐Based Chemical and Department of Coordination Chemistry Shenyang University of Chemical Technology Shenyang China
| | - Guoxu Gao
- International Key Laboratory of Liaoning Inorganic Molecule‐Based Chemical and Department of Coordination Chemistry Shenyang University of Chemical Technology Shenyang China
| | - Ying Zhang
- International Key Laboratory of Liaoning Inorganic Molecule‐Based Chemical and Department of Coordination Chemistry Shenyang University of Chemical Technology Shenyang China
| | - Enjun Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering University of Science and Technology Liaoning Anshan China
| | - Mingchang Zhu
- International Key Laboratory of Liaoning Inorganic Molecule‐Based Chemical and Department of Coordination Chemistry Shenyang University of Chemical Technology Shenyang China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Chemical Technology and Materials, (Ministry of Education) Shenyang University Chemical Technology Shenyang China
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Wang W, Cui J, Zhao Y, Ye C, Zhou S, Guo X, Zhang C, Li J, Wu D. A label-free approach to detect cell viability/cytotoxicity based on intracellular xanthine/guanine by electrochemical method. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2019; 100:106625. [PMID: 31445082 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2019.106625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cell viability and cytotoxicity is one of the most important toxicology indicators. In this study, an electrochemical method for detecting cell viability and cytotoxicity was discussed with the intracellular small molecule metabolite purines as indexes. METHODS The electrochemical behaviors of Balb/c 3T3, CHO, PC-12 and V79 cell suspensions were studies by cyclic voltammetry, and cell viability and cytotoxicity of four cell lines were compared by electrochemical, cell counting, 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-Thiazyl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and trypan blue exclusion methods. RESULTS Four cell lines all showed an oxidation peak derived from mixture of xanthine and guanine at about 0.7 V. Using intracellular xanthine and guanine as index, the electrochemical method could not only describe the cell growth curves of four cell lines, but also reflect the changes of cell viability at various phases of the cell growth prior to the counting method. Compared with MTT, cell counting and trypan blue staining methods, the electrochemical method could detect the cytotoxicity of carcinogen earlier and more sensitively. DISCUSSION The electrochemical method could track the change of intracellular xanthine and guanine contents, and used it as index to detect cell viability and cytotoxicity at the molecular level without markers, showing greater advantages over the method with apparent cell proliferation as the endpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Heilongjiang 154007, China
| | - Jiwen Cui
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Heilongjiang 154007, China
| | - Yanli Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Heilongjiang 154007, China
| | - Cai Ye
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Heilongjiang 154007, China
| | - Shi Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Heilongjiang 154007, China
| | - Xiaoling Guo
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Heilongjiang 154007, China
| | - Chunbin Zhang
- Department of Biology, The Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Heilongjiang 154007, China.
| | - Jinlian Li
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Heilongjiang 154007, China.
| | - Dongmei Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Heilongjiang 154007, China.
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Cai L, Qin X, Xu Z, Song Y, Jiang H, Wu Y, Ruan H, Chen J. Comparison of Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Anticancer Drugs between Real-Time Cell Analysis and CCK-8 Method. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:12036-12042. [PMID: 31460316 PMCID: PMC6682106 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Critical cytotoxicity evaluation of pharmaceuticals is necessary for the clinical practice of chemotherapy. To quantitatively evaluate cell viability, currently there are two main types of sensitive methods including real-time cell analysis (RTCA) and CCK-8 assay, in which RTCA records electrochemical signal changes around an incubated cell, whereas CCK-8 is based on the colorimetric method. Despite the different detection principles adopted for the cytotoxicity assessment, the comparison of the two methods in terms of the application scope is lacking. In this study, comparison studies were conducted between the RTCA and CCK-8 assays using anticancer drugs including doxorubicin hydrochloride, curcumin, irinotecan (CPT-11), taxol, and oxaliplatin, which are classified into two groups of drug molecules in the absence and presence of additives. The cytotoxicity evaluation of these drugs on cancer cells revealed that the physicochemical properties of drug formulations such as optical and electrochemical properties are closely linked with the readout of cytotoxic methods. The experimental results suggested that the preselection of cytotoxic assay is critical for the quantitative measurement of cytotoxicity of anticancer drugs, which is of clinical importance for their therapeutic usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Cai
- School
of Public Health and School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xijiang Qin
- School
of Public Health and School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Zhihui Xu
- School
of Public Health and School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yiyan Song
- School
of Public Health and School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Huijun Jiang
- School
of Public Health and School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yuan Wu
- Department
of Medical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of
Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital
of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hongjie Ruan
- Department
of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology
Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Jin Chen
- School
of Public Health and School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology,
Ministry of Education, School
of Public Health, and Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
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12
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Zhou S, Guo X, Meng L, Cui J, Li J, Yuan X, Wu D. A miniature electrochemical detection system based on GOQDs/MWCNTs /SPCE* for determination the purine in cells. Anal Biochem 2019; 577:67-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2019.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Flampouri E, Imar S, OConnell K, Singh B. Spheroid-3D and Monolayer-2D Intestinal Electrochemical Biosensor for Toxicity/Viability Testing: Applications in Drug Screening, Food Safety, and Environmental Pollutant Analysis. ACS Sens 2019; 4:660-669. [PMID: 30698007 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.8b01490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The rise of three-dimensional cell culture systems that provide in vivo-like environments for pharmaco-toxicological models has prompted the need for simple and robust viability assays suitable for complex cell architectural structures. This study addresses that challenge with the development of an in vitro enzyme based electrochemical sensor for viability/cytotoxicity assessment of two-dimensional (2D) monolayer and three-dimensional (3D) spheroid culture formats. The biosensor measures the cell viability/toxicity via electrochemical monitoring of the enzymatic activity of nonspecific esterases of viable cells, through the hydrolysis of 1-naphthyl acetate to 1-naphthol. The proposed sensor demonstrated strong correlation ( r = 0.979) with viable cell numbers. Furthermore, the model intestinal toxicants diclofenac (DFC, pharmaceutical), okadaic acid (OA, food-safety), and mancozeb (MZB, environmental) were used for the functional evaluation of the proposed sensor using 2D and 3D culture formats. Sensor performance showed high consistency with conventional cell viability/cytotoxicity assays (MTT/CFDA-AM) for all toxicants, with the sensor IC50 values matching the relevant viability LC50 values at the 95% confidence interval range for 2D (DCF: 1.19-1.26 mM, MZB: 10.28-14.18 μM, OA: 40.91-77.13 nM) and 3D culture formats (DCF: 1.02-4.78 mM, MZB: 11.26-15.16 μM, OA: 162.09-179.67 nM). The presented results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed sensor as a robust endpoint screening tool for both 2D and 3D cytotoxicity assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Flampouri
- MiCRA Biodiagnostics Technology Gateway, Technological University Dublin (TU Dublin - Tallaght Campus), Tallaght, Dublin 24, D24 FKT9, Ireland
| | - Shahzad Imar
- MiCRA Biodiagnostics Technology Gateway, Technological University Dublin (TU Dublin - Tallaght Campus), Tallaght, Dublin 24, D24 FKT9, Ireland
| | - Kieran OConnell
- MiCRA Biodiagnostics Technology Gateway, Technological University Dublin (TU Dublin - Tallaght Campus), Tallaght, Dublin 24, D24 FKT9, Ireland
- Hothouse, Technological University Dublin, (TU Dublin − City Campus), Aungier Street, Dublin 2, D02 HW71, Ireland
| | - Baljit Singh
- MiCRA Biodiagnostics Technology Gateway, Technological University Dublin (TU Dublin - Tallaght Campus), Tallaght, Dublin 24, D24 FKT9, Ireland
- Hothouse, Technological University Dublin, (TU Dublin − City Campus), Aungier Street, Dublin 2, D02 HW71, Ireland
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14
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Xia X, Wan R, Wang P, Huo W, Dong H, Du Q. Toxicity of imidazoles ionic liquid [C 16mim]Cl to Hela cells. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 162:408-414. [PMID: 30015186 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Our study aimed to evaluate the toxicity of 1-hexadecyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([C16min]Cl) on the human cervical carcinoma (Hela) cells. We evaluated toxicity, cell viability, genotoxicity, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and apoptosis-related gene expression in Hela cells following exposure to [C16min]Cl. The results indicated that [C16min]Cl inhibited the growth of Hela cells, decreased cell viability, induced DNA damage and apoptosis, inhibited superoxide dismutase, decreased glutathione content, as well as increased the cellular malondialdehyde level of Hela cells. Moreover, [C16min]Cl induced changes in the transcription of p53, Bax and Bcl-2, suggesting that the p53 and Bcl-2 family might have been involved in the cytotoxicity and apoptosis induced by [C16min]Cl in Hela cells. Taken together, these results revealed that [C16min]Cl imparts oxidative stress, genotoxicity, and induces apoptosis in Hela cells; hence, it is not a green solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Xia
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ruyan Wan
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, People's Republic of China.
| | - Peijin Wang
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, People's Republic of China.
| | - Weiran Huo
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hui Dong
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qiyan Du
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Zhu X, Zhang K, Lu N, Yu Y, Yuan X, Guan J. A label-free electrochemical system for comprehensive monitoring of o-chlorophenol. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 196:514-521. [PMID: 29329083 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
o-Chlorophenol (OCP) is a priority pollutant that poses serious health threats to the public. The following study designs a simple electrochemical system to monitor the concentration and toxicity of OCP. This system was primarily characterized by the integration of both physicochemical and biological monitoring procedures that had a synergistic effect between the functionalized carbon nanotubes and rhodamine B. This resulted in excellent electrocatalytic activities toward OCP and cellular purine bases. The peak current of OCP was linear with concentrations ranging from 0.05-125.0 μM and the detection limit was 0.028 μM under optimal testing conditions. There was an enhanced voltammetric signal detected that was caused by the guanine/xanthine of human hepatoma (HepG2) cells. The cytotoxicity of OCP to HepG2 cells was assessed using the proposed system. The obtained IC50 value was 512.86 μM. This study provided a fast, label-free, and low-cost platform for the comprehensive assessment of OCP. This is highly beneficial for simplifying the environmental monitoring process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Zhu
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, PR China
| | - Kexin Zhang
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, PR China
| | - Nan Lu
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, PR China
| | - Yangyang Yu
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, PR China
| | - Xing Yuan
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, PR China.
| | - Jiunian Guan
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, PR China.
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16
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Kangarlou S, Ramezanpour S, Balalaie S, Roudbar Mohammadi S, Haririan I. Curcumin-loaded nanoliposomes linked to homing peptides for integrin targeting and neuropilin-1-mediated internalization. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2017; 55:277-285. [PMID: 27937055 PMCID: PMC6130459 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1261301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Curcumin, a naturally occurring polyphenol, has been extensively studied for its broad-spectrum anticancer effects. The potential benefits are, however, limited due to its poor water solubility and rapid degradation which result in low bioavailability on administration. OBJECTIVES This study encapsulates curcumin in nanoliposomes including an integrin-homing peptide combined with a C end R neuropilin-1 targeting motif for targeted delivery and receptor-mediated internalization, respectively. MATERIALS AND METHODS The linear GHHNGR (Glycine-Histidine-Histidine-Asparagine-Glycine-Arginine) was synthesized through F-moc chemistry on 2-chlorotrityl chloride resin and conjugated to oleic acid. The lipoyl-peptide units were then co-assembled with lecithin and 0-75 mole % Tween-80 into liposomes. Curcumin was passively entrapped using a film hydration technique and its degradation profile was examined within seven consecutive days. The cytotoxic effects of the curcumin-loaded liposomes were studied on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468, during 24 h exposure in MTT assay. RESULTS The maximum curcumin entrapment (15.5% W/W) and minimum degradation (< 23%) were obtained in a pH switch loading method from 5.7 to 8, in nanoliposomes (< 50 nm) containing oleyl-peptide, lecithin and Tween-80 (1:1:0.75 mole ratio). The oleyl-peptide did not prove any haemolytic activity (< 1.5%) up to 10-fold of its experimental concentration. The curcumin-loaded liposomes displayed significant reduction in the viabilities of MCF-7 (IC50 3.8 μM) and MDA-MB-468 (IC50 5.4 μM). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION This study indicated potential advantages of the peptide-conjugated liposomes in drug transport to the cancer cells. This feature might be an outcome of probable interactions between the targeted nanoliposomes with the integrin and neuropilin-1 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sogol Kangarlou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sorour Ramezanpour
- Peptide Chemistry Research Center, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Balalaie
- Peptide Chemistry Research Center, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahla Roudbar Mohammadi
- Department of Medical Mycology School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ismaeil Haririan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Medical Biomaterials Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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17
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Cui JW, Wang Q, Bi S, Zhang J, Zhu JL, Liu JG, Wu DM. Construction and application of a new cell electrochemical detecting system based on the hyposmotic principle. Analyst 2017; 142:591-595. [PMID: 28121318 DOI: 10.1039/c6an02114j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new cell electrochemical detecting system has been constructed based on the hyposmotic principle, in which the electrochemical signals have been strengthened by about 109.75% for the signal at about +0.70 V and 532.94% for the signal at about +1.03 V. The electrochemical detection limits of the cells have been improved by one order of magnitude. The individual concentrations of intracellular purines have been obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Wen Cui
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, 154000, China.
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18
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Ki J, Shim Y, Song JM. High-content cell death imaging using quantum dot-based TIRF microscopy for the determination of anticancer activity against breast cancer stem cell. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2017; 10:118-127. [PMID: 26768511 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201500282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Revised: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We report a two color monitoring of drug-induced cell deaths using total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) as a novel method to determine anticancer activity. Instead of cancer cells, breast cancer stem cells (CSCs) were directly tested in the present assay to determine the effective concentration (EC50 ) values of camptothecin and cisplatin. Phosphatidylserine and HMGB1 protein were concurrently detected to observe apoptotic and necrotic cell death induced by anticancer drugs using quantum dot (Qdot)-antibody conjugates. Only 50-to-100 breast CSCs were consumed at each cell chamber due to the high sensitivity of Qdot-based TIRF. The high sensitivity of Qdot-based TIRF, that enables the consumption of a small number of cells, is advantageous for cost-effective large-scale drug screening. In addition, unlike MTT assay, this approach can provide a more uniform range of EC50 values because the average values of single breast CSCs fluorescence intensities are observed to acquire EC50 values as a function of dose. This research successfully demonstrated the possibility that Qdot-based TIRF can be widely used as an improved alternative to MTT assay for the determination of anticancer drug efficacies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Ki
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-ku, Seoul, 151-742, South Korea
| | - Yumi Shim
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-ku, Seoul, 151-742, South Korea
| | - Joon Myong Song
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-ku, Seoul, 151-742, South Korea
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19
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Li J, Song J, Bi S, Zhou S, Cui J, Liu J, Wu D. Electrochemical estrogen screen method based on the electrochemical behavior of MCF-7 cells. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2016; 313:238-243. [PMID: 27108272 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
It was an urgent task to develop quick, cheap and accurate estrogen screen method for evaluating the estrogen effect of the booming chemicals. In this study, the voltammetric behavior between the estrogen-free and normal fragmented MCF-7 cell suspensions were compared, and the electrochemical signal (about 0.68V attributed by xanthine and guanine) of the estrogen-free fragmented MCF-7 cell suspension was obviously lower than that of the normal one. The electrochemistry detection of ex-secretion purines showed that the ability of ex-secretion purines of cells sharp decreased due to the removing of endogenous estrogen. The results indicated that the electrochemical signal of MCF-7 cells was related to the level of intracellular estrogen. When the level of intracellular estrogen was down-regulated, the concentrations of the xanthine and hypoxanthine decreased, which led to the electrochemical signal of MCF-7 cells fall. Based on the electrochemical signal, the electrochemical estrogen screen method was established. The estrogen effect of estradiol, nonylphenol and bisphenol A was evaluated with the electrochemical method, and the result was accordant with that of MTT assay. The electrochemical estrogen screen method was simple, quickly, cheap, objective, and it exploits a new way for the evaluation of estrogenic effects of chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlian Li
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Jia Song
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Sheng Bi
- The Affiliated First Hospital, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Shi Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Jiwen Cui
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Jiguang Liu
- College of stomatology, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China.
| | - Dongmei Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China.
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Cui JW, Hou TJ, Wang Q, Gao GG, Bi S, Zhou KC, Li JL, Wu DM. An Enzyme Assisted Electrochemical Detection System of Purine Intracellular Utilizing MWCNTs-IL Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.08.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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21
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Highly selective detection of cellular guanine and xanthine by polyoxometalate modified 3D graphene foam. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.03.222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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22
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A mini-electrochemical system integrated micropipet tip and pencil graphite electrode for detection of anticancer drug sensitivity in vitro. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 64:594-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.09.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2014] [Revised: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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