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Zhu L, Li W, Liu Y, Li J, Xu L, Gu L, Chen C, Cao Y, He Q. Metaproteomics analysis of anaerobic digestion of food waste by the addition of calcium peroxide and magnetite. Appl Environ Microbiol 2024; 90:e0145123. [PMID: 38224621 PMCID: PMC10880661 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01451-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Adding trace calcium peroxide and magnetite into a semi-continuous digester is a new method to effectively improve the anaerobic digestion of food waste. However, the microbial mechanism in this system has not been fully explored. Metaproteomics further revealed that the most active and significantly regulated genus u_p_Chloroflexi had formed a good cooperative relationship with Methanomicrobiales and Methanothrix in the system. u_p_Chloroflexi decomposed more organic compounds into CO2, acetate, amino acids, and other substances by alternating between short aerobic-anaerobic respiration. It perceived and adapted to the surrounding environment by producing biofilm, extracellular enzymes, and accelerating substrate transport, formed a respiratory barrier, and enhanced iron transport capacity by using highly expressed cytochrome C. The methanogens formed reactive oxygen species scavengers and reduced iron transport to prevent oxidative damage. This study provides new insight for improving the efficiency of anaerobic digestion of food waste and identifying key microorganisms and their regulated functional proteins in the calcium peroxide-magnetite digestion system.IMPORTANCEPrevious study has found that the combination of calcium peroxide and magnetite has a good promoting effect on the anaerobic digestion process of food waste. Through multiple omics approaches, information such as microbial population structure and changes in metabolites can be further analyzed. This study can help researchers gain a deeper understanding of the digestion pathway of food waste under the combined action of calcium peroxide and magnetite, further elucidate the impact mechanisms of calcium peroxide and magnetite at the microbial level, and provide theoretical guidance to improve the efficiency and stability of anaerobic digestion of food waste, as well as reduce operational costs. This research contributes to improving energy recovery efficiency, promoting sustainable management and development of food waste, and is of great significance to environmental protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lirong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wen Li
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yongli Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinze Li
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Linji Xu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Gu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Cong Chen
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Jiangsu Jiangnan Water Co., Ltd, Jiangyin, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiang He
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
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Zhang S, Zhang Y, Zou H, Li X, Zou H, Wang Z, Zou C. FDP-Na-induced enhancement of glycolysis impacts larval growth and development and chitin biosynthesis in fall webworm, Hyphantria cunea (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae). PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 195:105560. [PMID: 37666596 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Fructose 1, 6-diphosphate (FDP) is an endogenous intermediate in the glycolytic pathway, as well as an allosteric activator of phosphofructokinase (PFK). Based on the role in promoting glycolysis, FDP has been widely used as a therapeutic agent for mitigating the damage of endotoxemia and ischemia/reperfusion in clinical practice. However, the effect of exogenous FDP-induced glycolysis activation on insect carbohydrate metabolism and chitin synthesis remains largely unclear. Here, we investigated for the first time the effects of FDP-Na, an allosteric activator of PFK, on the growth and development of Hyphantria cunea larvae, a serious defoliator in agriculture and forestry, especially on glycolysis and chitin synthesis. The results showed that FDP-Na significantly restrained the growth and development of H. cunea larvae and resulted in larval lethality. After treatment with FDP-Na, hexokinase (HK), phosphofructokinase (PFK) and pyruvate kinase (PK) were significantly activated, and HcHK2, HcPFK, HcPK were dramatically upregulated, which suggested that FDP-Na enhanced glycolysis in H. cunea larvae. Meanwhile, FDP-Na also distinctly impacted chitin biosynthesis by disturbing transcriptions of genes in the chitin synthesis pathway, resulting in changes of chitin contents in the midgut and epidermis of H. cunea larvae. Therefore, we considered that FDP-Na caused the growth and development arrest, and impacted chitin biosynthesis, probably by disturbing in vivo glycolysis and carbohydrate metabolism in H. cunea larvae. The findings provide a new perspective on the mechanism by which glycolysis regulates insect growth and development, and lay the foundation for exploring the potential application of glycolysis activators in pest control as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyu Zhang
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Haifeng Zou
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Xingpeng Li
- Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin 132013, PR China
| | - Hang Zou
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Ze Wang
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Chuanshan Zou
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China.
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Jones BC, Pohlmann PR, Clarke R, Sengupta S. Treatment against glucose-dependent cancers through metabolic PFKFB3 targeting of glycolytic flux. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2022; 41:447-458. [PMID: 35419769 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-022-10027-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Reprogrammed metabolism and high energy demand are well-established properties of cancer cells that enable tumor growth. Glycolysis is a primary metabolic pathway that supplies this increased energy demand, leading to a high rate of glycolytic flux and a greater dependence on glucose in tumor cells. Finding safe and effective means to control glycolytic flux and curb cancer cell proliferation has gained increasing interest in recent years. A critical step in glycolysis is controlled by the enzyme 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3), which converts fructose 6-phosphate (F6P) to fructose 2,6-bisphosphate (F2,6BP). F2,6BP allosterically activates the rate-limiting step of glycolysis catalyzed by PFK1 enzyme. PFKFB3 is often overexpressed in many human cancers including pancreatic, colon, prostate, and breast cancer. Hence, PFKFB3 has gained increased interest as a compelling therapeutic target. In this review, we summarize and discuss the current knowledge of PFKFB3 functions, its role in cellular pathways and cancer development, its transcriptional and post-translational activity regulation, and the multiple pharmacologic inhibitors that have been used to block PFKFB3 activity in cancer cells. While much remains to be learned, PFKFB3 continues to hold great promise as an important therapeutic target either as a single agent or in combination with current interventions for breast and other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon C Jones
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, 3970 Reservoir Rd NW, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Paula R Pohlmann
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Unit 1354, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Robert Clarke
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Ave NE, Austin, MN, 55912, USA
| | - Surojeet Sengupta
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Ave NE, Austin, MN, 55912, USA.
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Miao Y, Zhang C, Yang L, Zeng X, Hu Y, Xue X, Dai Y, Wei Z. The activation of PPARγ enhances Treg responses through up-regulating CD36/CPT1-mediated fatty acid oxidation and subsequent N-glycan branching of TβRII/IL-2Rα. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:48. [PMID: 35392915 PMCID: PMC8991706 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00849-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is an enhancer of Treg responses, but the mechanisms remain elusive. This study aimed to solve this problem in view of cellular metabolism. METHODS Three recognized PPARγ agonists (synthetic agonist: rosiglitazone; endogenous ligand: 15d-PGJ2; natural product: morin) were used as the tools to activate PPARγ. The fatty acid oxidation (FAO) was evaluated through the detection of fatty acid uptake, oxygen consumption rate, mitochondrial mass, mitochondrial membrane potential and acetyl-CoA level. The involvement of UDP-GlcNAc/N-linked glycosylation axis and the exact role of PPARγ in the action of PPARγ agonists were determined by flow cytometry, Q-PCR, western blotting, a commercial kit for enzyme activity and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout. RESULTS Rosiglitazone, 15d-PGJ2 and morin all increased the frequency of CD4+Foxp3+ Treg cells generated from naïve CD4+ T cells, boosted the transcription of Foxp3, IL-10, CTLA4 and TIGIT, and facilitated the function of Treg cells. They significantly promoted FAO in differentiating Treg cells by up-regulating the levels of CD36 and CPT1 but not other enzymes involved in FAO such as ACADL, ACADM, HADHA or HADHB, and siCD36 or siCPT1 dampened PPARγ agonists-promoted Treg responses. Moreover, PPARγ agonists enhanced UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis and subsequent N-linked glycosylation, but did not affect the expressions of N-glycan branching enzymes Mgat1, 2, 4 and 5. Notably, the enzyme activity of phosphofructokinase (PFK) was inhibited by PPARγ agonists and the effect was limited by siCD36 or siCPT1, implying PFK to be a link between PPARγ agonists-promoted FAO and UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis aside from acetyl-CoA. Furthermore, PPARγ agonists facilitated the cell surface abundance of TβRII and IL-2Rα via N-linked glycosylation, thereby activating TGF-β/Smads and IL-2/STAT5 signaling, and the connection between N-linked glycosylation and Treg responses was revealed by tunicamycin. However, the increased surface abundance of CD36 was demonstrated to be mainly owing to PPARγ agonists-up-regulated overall expression. Finally, PPARγ antagonist GW9662 or CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of PPARγ constrained the effects of rosiglitazone, 15d-PGJ2 and morin, confirming the exact role of PPARγ. CONCLUSIONS The activation of PPARγ enhances Treg responses through up-regulating CD36/CPT1-mediated fatty acid oxidation and subsequent N-glycan branching of TβRII/IL-2Rα, which is beneficial for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Miao
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Changliu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xi Zeng
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yuxiao Hu
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xinru Xue
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yue Dai
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Zhifeng Wei
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Idelfonso-García OG, Alarcón-Sánchez BR, Vásquez-Garzón VR, Baltiérrez-Hoyos R, Villa-Treviño S, Muriel P, Serrano H, Pérez-Carreón JI, Arellanes-Robledo J. Is Nucleoredoxin a Master Regulator of Cellular Redox Homeostasis? Its Implication in Different Pathologies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040670. [PMID: 35453355 PMCID: PMC9030443 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleoredoxin (NXN), an oxidoreductase enzyme, contributes to cellular redox homeostasis by regulating different signaling pathways in a redox-dependent manner. By interacting with seven proteins so far, namely disheveled (DVL), protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK1), translocation protein SEC63 homolog (SEC63), myeloid differentiation primary response gene-88 (MYD88), flightless-I (FLII), and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II type alpha (CAMK2A), NXN is involved in the regulation of several key cellular processes, including proliferation, organogenesis, cell cycle progression, glycolysis, innate immunity and inflammation, motility, contraction, protein transport into the endoplasmic reticulum, neuronal plasticity, among others; as a result, NXN has been implicated in different pathologies, such as cancer, alcoholic and polycystic liver disease, liver fibrogenesis, obesity, Robinow syndrome, diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer’s disease, and retinitis pigmentosa. Together, this evidence places NXN as a strong candidate to be a master redox regulator of cell physiology and as the hub of different redox-sensitive signaling pathways and associated pathologies. This review summarizes and discusses the current insights on NXN-dependent redox regulation and its implication in different pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osiris Germán Idelfonso-García
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute of Genomic Medicine–INMEGEN, Mexico City 14610, Mexico; (O.G.I.-G.); (B.R.A.-S.); (J.I.P.-C.)
- Department of Health Sciences, Metropolitan Autonomous University-Iztapalapa Campus, Mexico City 09340, Mexico;
| | - Brisa Rodope Alarcón-Sánchez
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute of Genomic Medicine–INMEGEN, Mexico City 14610, Mexico; (O.G.I.-G.); (B.R.A.-S.); (J.I.P.-C.)
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute–CINVESTAV-IPN, Mexico City 07360, Mexico;
| | - Verónica Rocío Vásquez-Garzón
- Laboratory of Fibrosis and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, ‘Benito Juárez’ Autonomous University of Oaxaca–UABJO, Oaxaca 68020, Mexico; (V.R.V.-G.); (R.B.-H.)
- Directorate of Cátedras, National Council of Science and Technology–CONACYT, Mexico City 03940, Mexico
| | - Rafael Baltiérrez-Hoyos
- Laboratory of Fibrosis and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, ‘Benito Juárez’ Autonomous University of Oaxaca–UABJO, Oaxaca 68020, Mexico; (V.R.V.-G.); (R.B.-H.)
- Directorate of Cátedras, National Council of Science and Technology–CONACYT, Mexico City 03940, Mexico
| | - Saúl Villa-Treviño
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute–CINVESTAV-IPN, Mexico City 07360, Mexico;
| | - Pablo Muriel
- Laboratory of Experimental Hepatology, Department of Pharmacology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute–CINVESTAV-IPN, Mexico City 07360, Mexico;
| | - Héctor Serrano
- Department of Health Sciences, Metropolitan Autonomous University-Iztapalapa Campus, Mexico City 09340, Mexico;
| | - Julio Isael Pérez-Carreón
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute of Genomic Medicine–INMEGEN, Mexico City 14610, Mexico; (O.G.I.-G.); (B.R.A.-S.); (J.I.P.-C.)
| | - Jaime Arellanes-Robledo
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute of Genomic Medicine–INMEGEN, Mexico City 14610, Mexico; (O.G.I.-G.); (B.R.A.-S.); (J.I.P.-C.)
- Directorate of Cátedras, National Council of Science and Technology–CONACYT, Mexico City 03940, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-55-5350-1900 (ext. 1218)
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Feng J, Li J, Wu L, Yu Q, Ji J, Wu J, Dai W, Guo C. Emerging roles and the regulation of aerobic glycolysis in hepatocellular carcinoma. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2020; 39:126. [PMID: 32631382 PMCID: PMC7336654 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01629-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Liver cancer has become the sixth most diagnosed cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is responsible for up to 75–85% of primary liver cancers, and sorafenib is the first targeted drug for advanced HCC treatment. However, sorafenib resistance is common because of the resultant enhancement of aerobic glycolysis and other molecular mechanisms. Aerobic glycolysis was firstly found in HCC, acts as a hallmark of liver cancer and is responsible for the regulation of proliferation, immune evasion, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, and drug resistance in HCC. The three rate-limiting enzymes in the glycolytic pathway, including hexokinase 2 (HK2), phosphofructokinase 1 (PFK1), and pyruvate kinases type M2 (PKM2) play an important role in the regulation of aerobic glycolysis in HCC and can be regulated by many mechanisms, such as the AMPK, PI3K/Akt pathway, HIF-1α, c-Myc and noncoding RNAs. Because of the importance of aerobic glycolysis in the progression of HCC, targeting key factors in its pathway such as the inhibition of HK2, PFK or PKM2, represent potential new therapeutic approaches for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, number 1291, Jiangning road, Putuo, Shanghai, 200060, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, number 301, Middle Yanchang road, Jing'an, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, number 1291, Jiangning road, Putuo, Shanghai, 200060, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, number 301, Middle Yanchang road, Jing'an, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Liwei Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, number 301, Middle Yanchang road, Jing'an, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Qiang Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, number 301, Middle Yanchang road, Jing'an, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Jie Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, number 301, Middle Yanchang road, Jing'an, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Jianye Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, number 1291, Jiangning road, Putuo, Shanghai, 200060, China.
| | - Weiqi Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, number 1291, Jiangning road, Putuo, Shanghai, 200060, China. .,Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, number 301, Middle Yanchang road, Jing'an, Shanghai, 200072, China. .,Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200336, China.
| | - Chuanyong Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, number 1291, Jiangning road, Putuo, Shanghai, 200060, China. .,Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, number 301, Middle Yanchang road, Jing'an, Shanghai, 200072, China.
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Jha D, Mitra Mazumder P. High fat diet administration leads to the mitochondrial dysfunction and selectively alters the expression of class 1 GLUT protein in mice. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 46:1727-1736. [PMID: 30725350 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-04623-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is an agglomeration of disorders including obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases and characterized as chronic mild inflammation which elevates the circulatory inflammatory markers. This could be due to mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and hypoxia as a consequence of high fat diet (HFD) intake. The present study focuses on the effects of HFD on lactate and mitochondrial metabolism as well as tissue dependent changes in glucose transporter (GLUT) expression in liver, skeletal muscles and adipose tissue of mouse. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and mitochondrial dysfunction established the link between the occurrences of metabolic stress due to HFD. In this work, it was observed that chronic HFD administration aggravated the metabolic alterations by causing reduced ATP production, imbalanced oxidative stress and altered class 1 GLUTs expression. Chronic HFD significantly reduced (p < 0.001) the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) activities alongside elevated liver injury markers AST and ALT. This in turn causes decreased ATP/ADP ratio, mitochondrial dysfunction and exacerbated LDH levels. This imbalance further led to altered GLUT expression in hepatic cells, adipose tissue and skeletal muscles. HFD significantly (p < 0.001) upregulated the GLUT 1 and 3 expressions while significant downregulated (p < 0.001) GLUT 2 and 4 expression in liver, skeletal muscles and white adipose tissue. These results revealed the link between class 1 GLUTs, mitochondrial dysfunction and HFD-induced metabolic disorder. It can be concluded that HFD impacts mitochondrial metabolism and reprograms tissue-dependent glucose transporter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhruv Jha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835215, India.
| | - Papiya Mitra Mazumder
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835215, India
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8
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Buchsteiner M, Quek LE, Gray P, Nielsen LK. Improving culture performance and antibody production in CHO cell culture processes by reducing the Warburg effect. Biotechnol Bioeng 2018; 115:2315-2327. [PMID: 29704441 DOI: 10.1002/bit.26724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Lactate is one of the key waste metabolites of mammalian cell culture. High lactate levels are caused by high aerobic glycolysis, also known as the Warburg effect, and are usually associated with adverse culture performance. Therefore, reducing lactate accumulation has been an ongoing challenge in the cell culture development to improve growth, productivity, and process robustness. The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) plays a crucial role for the fate of pyruvate, as it converts pyruvate to acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA). The PDC activity can be indirectly increased by inhibiting the PDC inhibitor, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, using dichloroacetate (DCA), resulting in less pyruvate being available for lactate formation. Here, Chinese hamster ovary cells were cultivated either with 5 mM DCA or without DCA in various batch and fed-batch bioreactor processes. In all cultures, DCA increased peak viable cell density (VCD), culture length and final antibody titer. The strongest effect was observed in a fed batch with media and glucose feeding in which peak VCD was increased by more than 50%, culture length was extended by more than 3 days, and the final antibody titer increased by more than twofold. In cultures with DCA, lactate production and glucose consumption during exponential growth were on average reduced by approximately 40% and 35%, respectively. Metabolic flux analysis showed reduced glycolytic fluxes, whereas fluxes in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle were not affected, suggesting that cultures with DCA use glucose more efficiently. In a proteomics analysis, only few proteins were identified as being differentially expressed, indicating that DCA acts on a posttranslational level. Antibody quality in terms of aggregation, charge variant, and glycosylation pattern was unaffected. Subsequent bioreactor experiments with sodium lactate and sodium chloride feeding indicated that lower osmolality, rather than lower lactate concentration itself, improved culture performance in DCA cultures. In conclusion, the addition of DCA to the cell culture improved culture performance and increased antibody titers without any disadvantages for cell-specific productivity or antibody quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Buchsteiner
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Lake-Ee Quek
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter Gray
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Lars K Nielsen
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, The Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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9
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Ausina P, Da Silva D, Majerowicz D, Zancan P, Sola-Penna M. Insulin specifically regulates expression of liver and muscle phosphofructokinase isoforms. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 103:228-233. [PMID: 29655163 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphofructokinase (PFK) is a key regulatory enzyme of glycolysis, being considered the pacemaker of this pathway. In mammals, this enzyme exists as three different isoforms, PFKM, PFKL and PFKP, presenting different regulatory and catalytic properties. The expression of these isoforms is tissue-specific and vary according to the cell differentiation and signalization. Although it is known that the expression of the different PFK isoforms directly affects cell function, the information regarding the regulation of PFK isoforms expression is scarce. In the present work, we evaluate the role of insulin signalization on the expression of three PFK isoforms on skeletal muscle, liver, and epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) of mice. For this, Swiss mice were treated with streptozotocin (STZ) to disrupt pancreatic ß-cells and, thus, insulin production. Control group were treated with citrate buffer (STZ vehicle). These groups were then treated with insulin or saline twice a day for ten consecutive days when animals were euthanized and tissues used for the evaluation of PFK isoforms expression by quantitative PCR (qPCR). Our results revealed that the lack of insulin significantly impacted the expression of PFKL, presenting mild effects on PFKM and no effects on PFKP. The decrease of PFKL and PFKM mRNA levels observed on the group treated with STZ was reversed by the treatment with insulin. In conclusion, insulin, the most known regulator of glucose consumption, specifically regulates the expression of PFKL and PFKM, which impact the regulation of glycolysis in the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Ausina
- Laboratório de Enzimologia e Controle do Metabolismo (LabECoM), Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-903, RJ, Brazil
| | - Daniel Da Silva
- Laboratório de Enzimologia e Controle do Metabolismo (LabECoM), Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-903, RJ, Brazil
| | - David Majerowicz
- Laboratório de Alvos Moleculares (LAM), Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-903, RJ, Brazil
| | - Patricia Zancan
- Laboratório de Oncobiologia Molecular (LabOMol), Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-903, RJ, Brazil
| | - Mauro Sola-Penna
- Laboratório de Enzimologia e Controle do Metabolismo (LabECoM), Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-903, RJ, Brazil.
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10
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Cardim Pires TR, Albanese JM, Schwab M, Marette A, Carvalho RS, Sola-Penna M, Zancan P. Phosphofructokinase-P Modulates P44/42 MAPK Levels in HeLa Cells. J Cell Biochem 2017; 118:1216-1226. [PMID: 27791266 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
It is known that interfering with glycolysis leads to profound modification of cancer cell proliferation. However, energy production is not the major reason for this correlation. Here, using HeLa cells as a model for cancer, we demonstrate that phosphofructokinase-P (PFK-P), which is overexpressed in diverse types of cancer including HeLa cells, modulates expression of P44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Silencing of PFK-P did not alter HeLa cell viability or energy production, including the glycolytic rate. On the other hand, silencing of PFK-P induced the downregulation of p44/42 MAPK, augmenting the sensitivity of HeLa cells to different drugs. Conversely, overexpression of PFK-P promotes the upregulation of p44/42 MAPK, making the cells more resistant to the drugs. These results indicate that overexpression of PFK-P by cancer cells is related to activation of survival pathways via upregulation of MAPK and suggest PFK-P as a promising target for cancer therapy. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 1216-1226, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jamille Mansur Albanese
- Laboratório de Oncobiologia Molecular (LabOMol), Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Michael Schwab
- Department of Medicine, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Hôpital Laval, Pavillon Marguerite d'Youville, Room Y4308, 2705 Chemin Ste-Foy, Québec, G1V 4G5, Canada
| | - André Marette
- Department of Medicine, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Hôpital Laval, Pavillon Marguerite d'Youville, Room Y4308, 2705 Chemin Ste-Foy, Québec, G1V 4G5, Canada
| | - Renato Sampaio Carvalho
- Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Mauro Sola-Penna
- Laboratório de Enzimologia e Controle do Metabolismo (LabECoM), Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Patricia Zancan
- Laboratório de Oncobiologia Molecular (LabOMol), Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
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11
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Coelho RG, Calaça IC, Celestrini DM, Correia-Carneiro AHP, Costa MM, Zancan P, Sola-Penna M. Hexokinase and phosphofructokinase activity and intracellular distribution correlate with aggressiveness and invasiveness of human breast carcinoma. Oncotarget 2016; 6:29375-87. [PMID: 26320188 PMCID: PMC4745733 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycolytic enzymes, such as hexokinase and phosphofructokinase, have been reported to be upregulated in many cancer types. Here, we evaluated these two enzymes in 54 breast cancer samples collected from volunteers subjected to mastectomy, and the results were correlated with the prognosis markers commonly used. We found that both enzymes positively correlate with the major markers for invasiveness and aggressiveness. For invasiveness, the enzymes activities increase in parallel to the tumor size. Moreover, we found augmented activities for both enzymes when the samples were extirpated from patients presenting lymph node involvement or occurrence of metastasis. For aggressiveness, we stained the samples for the estrogen and progesterone receptors, HER-2, p53 and Ki-67. The enzyme activities positively correlated with all markers but Ki-67. Finally, we conclude that these enzymes are good markers for breast cancer prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel G Coelho
- Laboratório de Enzimologia e Controle do Metabolismo (LabECoM), Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.,Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo De Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.,Present address: Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina Doris Rosenthal (LFE), Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Isadora C Calaça
- Laboratório de Enzimologia e Controle do Metabolismo (LabECoM), Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Deborah M Celestrini
- Laboratório de Enzimologia e Controle do Metabolismo (LabECoM), Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | | | - Mauricio M Costa
- Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Patricia Zancan
- Laboratório de Oncobiologia Molecular (LabOMol), Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Mauro Sola-Penna
- Laboratório de Enzimologia e Controle do Metabolismo (LabECoM), Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
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12
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Li S, Wu L, Feng J, Li J, Liu T, Zhang R, Xu S, Cheng K, Zhou Y, Zhou S, Kong R, Chen K, Wang F, Xia Y, Lu J, Zhou Y, Dai W, Guo C. In vitro and in vivo study of epigallocatechin-3-gallate-induced apoptosis in aerobic glycolytic hepatocellular carcinoma cells involving inhibition of phosphofructokinase activity. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28479. [PMID: 27349173 PMCID: PMC4923908 DOI: 10.1038/srep28479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycolysis, as an altered cancer cell-intrinsic metabolism, is an essential hallmark of cancer. Phosphofructokinase (PFK) is a metabolic sensor in the glycolytic pathway, and restricting the substrate availability for this enzyme has been researched extensively as a target for chemotherapy. In the present study, we investigated that the effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), an active component of green tea, on inhibiting cell growth and inducing apoptosis by promoting a metabolic shift away from glycolysis in aerobic glycolytic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. EGCG modulated the oligomeric structure of PFK, potentially leading to metabolic stress associated apoptosis and suggesting that EGCG acts by directly suppressing PFK activity. A PFK activity inhibitor enhanced the effect, while the allosteric activator reversed EGCG-induced HCC cell death. PFK siRNA knockdown-induced apoptosis was not reversed by the activator. EGCG enhanced the effect of sorafenib on cell growth inhibition in both aerobic glycolytic HCC cells and in a xenograft mouse model. The present study suggests a potential role for EGCG as an adjuvant in cancer therapy, which merits further investigation at the clinical level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sainan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Liwei Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Jiao Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.,The Shanghai Tenth Hospital School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Shizan Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.,The Shanghai Tenth Hospital School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Keran Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.,The School of Medicine of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Yuqing Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.,The School of Medicine of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Shunfeng Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.,The School of Medicine of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Rui Kong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.,The School of Medicine of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Kan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Yujing Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Jie Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Yingqun Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Weiqi Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Chuanyong Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
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13
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Modeling of glucose-induced cAMP oscillations in pancreatic β cells: cAMP rocks when metabolism rolls. Biophys J 2016. [PMID: 26200880 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2015.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in imaging technology have revealed oscillations of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in insulin-secreting cells. These oscillations may be in phase with cytosolic calcium oscillations or out of phase. cAMP oscillations have previously been modeled as driven by oscillations in calcium, based on the known dependence of the enzymes that generate cAMP (adenylyl cyclase) and degrade it (phosphodiesterase). However, cAMP oscillations have also been reported to occur in the absence of calcium oscillations. Motivated by similarities between the properties of cAMP and metabolic oscillations in pancreatic β cells, we propose here that in addition to direct control by calcium, cAMP is controlled by metabolism. Specifically, we hypothesize that AMP inhibits adenylyl cyclase. We incorporate this hypothesis into the dual oscillator model for β cells, in which metabolic (glycolytic) oscillations cooperate with modulation of ion channels and metabolism by calcium. We show that the combination of oscillations in AMP and calcium in the dual oscillator model can account for the diverse oscillatory patterns that have been observed, as well as for experimental perturbations of those patterns. Predictions to further test the model are provided.
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14
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Dias TR, Alves MG, Almeida SP, Silva J, Barros A, Sousa M, Silva BM, Silvestre SM, Oliveira PF. Dehydroepiandrosterone and 7-oxo-dehydroepiandrosterone in male reproductive health: Implications of differential regulation of human Sertoli cells metabolic profile. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2015; 154:1-11. [PMID: 26134425 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2015.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is a precursor of androgen synthesis whose action is partially exerted through its metabolites. 7-Oxo-dehydroepiandrosterone (7-oxo-DHEA) is a common DHEA metabolite, non-convertible to androgens, which constitutes a promising therapeutic strategy for multiple conditions. Sertoli cells (SCs) are responsible for the support of spermatogenesis, having unique metabolic characteristics strongly modulated by androgens. Consequently, disruptions in androgen synthesis compromise SCs function and hence male fertility. We aimed to evaluate the effects of DHEA and 7-oxo-DHEA in human SCs (hSCs) metabolism and oxidative profile. To do so, hSCs were exposed to increasing concentrations of DHEA and 7-oxo-DHEA (0.025, 1 and 50 μM) that revealed to be non-cytotoxic in these experimental conditions. We measured hSCs metabolites consumption/production by (1)H NMR, the protein expression levels of key players of the glycolytic pathway by Western blot as well as the levels of carbonyl groups, nitration and lipid peroxidation by Slot blot. The obtained data demonstrated that 7-oxo-DHEA is a more potent metabolic modulator than DHEA since it increased hSCs glycolytic flux. DHEA seem to redirect hSCs metabolism to the Krebs cycle, while 7-oxo-DHEA has some inhibitory effect in this path. The highest 7-oxo-DHEA concentrations (1 and 50 μM) also increased lactate production, which is of extreme relevance for the successful progression of spermatogenesis in vivo. None of these steroids altered the intracellular oxidative profile of hSCs, illustrating that, at the concentrations used they do not have pro- nor antioxidant actions in hSCs. Our study represents a further step in the establishment of safe doses of DHEA and 7-oxo-DHEA to hSCs, supporting its possible use in hormonal and non-hormonal therapies against male reproductive problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia R Dias
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Marco G Alves
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Susana P Almeida
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS) and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joaquina Silva
- Centre for Reproductive Genetics Prof. Alberto Barros, 4100-009 Porto, Portugal
| | - Alberto Barros
- Centre for Reproductive Genetics Prof. Alberto Barros, 4100-009 Porto, Portugal; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4100-009 Porto, Portugal; Institute of Health Research and Innovation, University of Porto, 4100-009 Porto, Portugal
| | - Mário Sousa
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS) and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Centre for Reproductive Genetics Prof. Alberto Barros, 4100-009 Porto, Portugal
| | - Branca M Silva
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Samuel M Silvestre
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; CNC-Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Pedro F Oliveira
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS) and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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15
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Abstract
Phosphofructokinase-1 (Pfk) acts as the main control point of flux through glycolysis. It is involved in complex allosteric regulation and Pfk mutations have been linked to cancer development. Whereas the 3D structure and structural basis of allosteric regulation of prokaryotic Pfk has been studied in great detail, our knowledge about the molecular basis of the allosteric behaviour of the more complex mammalian Pfk is still very limited. To characterize the structural basis of allosteric regulation, the subunit interfaces and the functional consequences of modifications in Tarui's disease and cancer, we analysed the physiological homotetramer of human platelet Pfk at up to 2.67 Å resolution in two crystal forms. The crystallized enzyme is permanently activated by a deletion of the 22 C-terminal residues. Complex structures with ADP and fructose-6-phosphate (F6P) and with ATP suggest a role of three aspartates in the deprotonation of the OH-nucleophile of F6P and in the co-ordination of the catalytic magnesium ion. Changes at the dimer interface, including an asymmetry observed in both crystal forms, are the primary mechanism of allosteric regulation of Pfk by influencing the F6P-binding site. Whereas the nature of this conformational switch appears to be largely conserved in bacterial, yeast and mammalian Pfk, initiation of these changes differs significantly in eukaryotic Pfk.
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16
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The sarcomeric M-region: a molecular command center for diverse cellular processes. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:714197. [PMID: 25961035 PMCID: PMC4413555 DOI: 10.1155/2015/714197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The sarcomeric M-region anchors thick filaments and withstands the mechanical stress of contractions by deformation, thus enabling distribution of physiological forces along the length of thick filaments. While the role of the M-region in supporting myofibrillar structure and contractility is well established, its role in mediating additional cellular processes has only recently started to emerge. As such, M-region is the hub of key protein players contributing to cytoskeletal remodeling, signal transduction, mechanosensing, metabolism, and proteasomal degradation. Mutations in genes encoding M-region related proteins lead to development of severe and lethal cardiac and skeletal myopathies affecting mankind. Herein, we describe the main cellular processes taking place at the M-region, other than thick filament assembly, and discuss human myopathies associated with mutant or truncated M-region proteins.
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17
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Reddy PM, Umapathi R, Venkatesu P. A green approach to offset the perturbation action of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide on α-chymotrypsin. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:184-90. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp04180a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The presence of [Bmim][Br] counteracts the strong denaturation action of [Bmim][I].
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Affiliation(s)
| | - R. Umapathi
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Delhi
- Delhi-110 007
- India
| | - P. Venkatesu
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Delhi
- Delhi-110 007
- India
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18
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Al Hasawi N, Alkandari MF, Luqmani YA. Phosphofructokinase: a mediator of glycolytic flux in cancer progression. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2014; 92:312-21. [PMID: 24910089 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2014.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Revised: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In view of the current limitations of cancer chemotherapy, there has been resurgent interest in re-visiting glycolysis to determine whether tumors could be killed by energy deprivation rather than solely by strategies to inhibit proliferation. Cancer cells exhibit a uniquely high rate of glucose utilization, converting it into lactate whose export subsequently creates an acidic extracellular environment that is thought to promote invasion and metastasis, in preference to its complete oxidation even in the presence of adequate oxygen supply. Reductive analysis of each step of glycolysis shows that, of the three rate limiting enzymes of the pathway, isoforms of phosphofructokinase may afford the greatest opportunity as targets to deprive cancer cells from essential energy and substrates for macromolecular synthesis for proliferation while allowing normal cells to survive. Strategies discussed include restricting the substrate for this enzyme. While prospects for monotherapy with glycolytic inhibitors are poor, combination therapy may be productive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Al Hasawi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, PO Box 24923, Safat 13110, Kuwait.
| | - Mariam F Alkandari
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, PO Box 24923, Safat 13110, Kuwait.
| | - Yunus A Luqmani
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, PO Box 24923, Safat 13110, Kuwait.
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19
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Kloos M, Brüser A, Kirchberger J, Schöneberg T, Sträter N. Crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of human muscle phosphofructokinase, the main regulator of glycolysis. Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Commun 2014; 70:578-82. [PMID: 24817713 PMCID: PMC4014322 DOI: 10.1107/s2053230x14008723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Whereas the three-dimensional structure and the structural basis of the allosteric regulation of prokaryotic 6-phosphofructokinases (Pfks) have been studied in great detail, knowledge of the molecular basis of the allosteric behaviour of the far more complex mammalian Pfks is still very limited. The human muscle isozyme was expressed heterologously in yeast cells and purified using a five-step purification protocol. Protein crystals suitable for diffraction experiments were obtained by the vapour-diffusion method. The crystals belonged to space group P6222 and diffracted to 6.0 Å resolution. The 3.2 Å resolution structure of rabbit muscle Pfk (rmPfk) was placed into the asymmetric unit and optimized by rigid-body and group B-factor refinement. Interestingly, the tetrameric enzyme dissociated into a dimer, similar to the situation observed in the structure of rmPfk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Kloos
- Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, University of Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Antje Brüser
- Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee 30, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jürgen Kirchberger
- Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee 30, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Torsten Schöneberg
- Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee 30, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Norbert Sträter
- Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, University of Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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20
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Da Silva D, Ausina P, Alencar EM, Coelho WS, Zancan P, Sola-Penna M. Metformin reverses hexokinase and phosphofructokinase downregulation and intracellular distribution in the heart of diabetic mice. IUBMB Life 2012; 64:766-74. [DOI: 10.1002/iub.1063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2012] [Accepted: 05/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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21
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Brüser A, Kirchberger J, Kloos M, Sträter N, Schöneberg T. Functional linkage of adenine nucleotide binding sites in mammalian muscle 6-phosphofructokinase. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:17546-17553. [PMID: 22474333 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.347153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
6-Phosphofructokinases (Pfk) are homo- and heterooligomeric, allosteric enzymes that catalyze one of the rate-limiting steps of the glycolysis: the phosphorylation of fructose 6-phosphate at position 1. Pfk activity is modulated by a number of regulators including adenine nucleotides. Recent crystal structures from eukaryotic Pfk revealed several adenine nucleotide binding sites. Herein, we determined the functional relevance of two adenine nucleotide binding sites through site-directed mutagenesis and enzyme kinetic studies. Subsequent characterization of Pfk mutants allowed the identification of the activating (AMP, ADP) and inhibitory (ATP, ADP) allosteric binding sites. Mutation of one binding site reciprocally influenced the allosteric regulation through nucleotides interacting with the other binding site. Such reciprocal linkage between the activating and inhibitory binding sites is in agreement with current models of allosteric enzyme regulation. Because the allosteric nucleotide binding sites in eukaryotic Pfk did not evolve from prokaryotic ancestors, reciprocal linkage of functionally opposed allosteric binding sites must have developed independently in prokaryotic and eukaryotic Pfk (convergent evolution).
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Affiliation(s)
- Antje Brüser
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee 30, 04103 Leipzig
| | - Jürgen Kirchberger
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee 30, 04103 Leipzig
| | - Marco Kloos
- Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, University of Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Norbert Sträter
- Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, University of Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Torsten Schöneberg
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee 30, 04103 Leipzig.
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22
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Marcondes MC, Sola-Penna M, Torres RDSG, Zancan P. Muscle-type 6-phosphofructo-1-kinase and aldolase associate conferring catalytic advantages for both enzymes. IUBMB Life 2011; 63:435-45. [PMID: 21698747 DOI: 10.1002/iub.464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
6-Phosphofructo-1-kinase (PFK) and aldolase are two sequential glycolytic enzymes that associate forming heterotetramers containing a dimer of each enzyme. Although free PFK dimers present a negligible activity, once associated to aldolase these dimers are as active as the fully active tetrameric conformation of the enzyme. Here we show that aldolase-associated PFK dimers are not inhibited by clotrimazole, an antifungal azole derivative proposed as an antineoplastic drug due to its inhibitory effects on PFK. In the presence of aldolase, PFK is not modulated by its allosteric activators, ADP and fructose-2,6-bisphosphate, but is still inhibited by citrate and lactate. The association between the two enzymes also results on the twofold stimulation of aldolase maximal velocity and affinity for its substrate. These results suggest that the association between PFK and aldolase confers catalytic advantage for both enzymes and may contribute to the channeling of the glycolytic metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariah Celestino Marcondes
- Laboratório de Oncobiologia Molecular (LabOMol), Departamento de Fármacos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Sharma B. Kinetic Characterisation of Phosphofructokinase Purified from Setaria cervi: A Bovine Filarial Parasite. Enzyme Res 2011; 2011:939472. [PMID: 21941634 PMCID: PMC3173978 DOI: 10.4061/2011/939472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2011] [Revised: 06/14/2011] [Accepted: 06/28/2011] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphofructokinase (PFK), a regulatory enzyme in glycolytic pathway, has been purified to electrophoretic homogeneity from adult female Setaria cervi and partially characterized. For this enzyme, the Lineweaver-Burk's double reciprocal plots of initial rates and D-fructose-6-phosphate (F-6-P) or Mg-ATP concentrations for varying values of cosubstrate concentration gave intersecting lines indicating that Km values for F-6-P (1.05 mM) and ATP (3 μM) were independent of each other. S. cervi PFK, when assayed at inhibitory concentration of ATP (>0.1 mM), exhibited sigmoidal behavior towards binding with F-6-P with a Hill coefficient (n) value equal to 1.8 and 1.7 at 1.0 and 0.33 mM ATP, respectively. D-fructose-1,6-diphosphate (FDP) competitively inhibited the filarial enzyme: Ki and Hill coefficient values being 0.18 μM and 2.0, respectively. Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) also inhibited the enzyme competitively with the Ki value equal to 0.8 mM. The Hill coefficient values (>1.5) for F-6-P (at inhibitory concentration of ATP) and FDP suggested its positive cooperative kinetics towards F-6-P and FDP, showing presence of more than one binding sites for these molecules in enzyme protein and allosteric nature of the filarial enzyme. The product inhibition studies gave us the only compatible mechanism of random addition process with a probable orientation of substrates and products on the enzyme surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bechan Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211002, India
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24
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Sola-Penna M, Da Silva D, Coelho WS, Marinho-Carvalho MM, Zancan P. Regulation of mammalian muscle type 6-phosphofructo-1-kinase and its implication for the control of the metabolism. IUBMB Life 2011; 62:791-6. [PMID: 21117169 DOI: 10.1002/iub.393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Phosphofructokinase (PFK) is a major regulatory glycolytic enzyme and is considered to be the pacemaker of glycolysis. This enzyme presents a puzzling regulatory mechanism that is modulated by a large variety of metabolites, drugs, and intracellular proteins. To date, the mammalian enzyme structure has not yet been resolved. However, it is known that PFK undergoes an intricate oligomerization process, shifting among monomers, dimers, tetramers, and more complex oligomeric structures. The equilibrium between PFK dimers and tetramers is directly correlated with the enzyme regulation, because the dimer exhibits very low catalytic activity, whereas the tetramer is fully active. Several PFK ligands modulate the enzyme, favoring the formation of its dimers or tetramers. The present review integrates recent findings regarding the regulatory aspects of muscle type PFK and discusses their relation to the control of metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Sola-Penna
- Laboratorio de Enzimologia e Controle do Metabolismo (LabECoM) and Laboratório de Oncobiologia Molecular (LabOMol), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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25
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Grechi J, Marinho-Carvalho M, Zancan P, Cinelli LP, Gomes AMO, Rodrigues ML, Nimrichter L, Sola-Penna M. Glucuronoxylomannan from Cryptococcus neoformans down-regulates the enzyme 6-phosphofructo-1-kinase of macrophages. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:14820-9. [PMID: 21388964 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.177030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The encapsulated yeast Cryptococcus neoformans is the causative agent of cryptococosis, an opportunistic life-threatening infection. C. neoformans is coated by a polysaccharide capsule mainly composed of glucuronoxylomannan (GXM). GXM is considered a key virulence factor of this pathogen. The present work aimed at evaluating the effects of GXM on the key glycolytic enzyme, 6-phosphofructo-1-kinase (PFK). GXM inhibited PFK activity in cultured murine macrophages in both dose- and time-dependent manners, which occurred in parallel to cell viability decrease. The polysaccharide also inhibited purified PFK, promoting a decrease on the enzyme affinity for its substrates. In macrophages GXM and PFK partially co-localized, suggesting that internalized polysaccharide directly may interact with this enzyme. The mechanism of PFK inhibition involved dissociation of tetramers into weakly active dimers, as revealed by fluorescence spectroscopy. Allosteric modulators of the enzyme able to stabilize its tetrameric conformation attenuated the inhibition promoted by GXM. Altogether, our results suggest that the mechanism of GXM-induced cell death involves the inhibition of the glycolytic flux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Grechi
- Laboratório de Enzimologia e Controle do Metabolismo, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-590, Brazil
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26
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Kumar A, Attri P, Venkatesu P. Trehalose protects urea-induced unfolding of α-chymotrypsin. Int J Biol Macromol 2010; 47:540-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2010.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2010] [Revised: 07/28/2010] [Accepted: 07/28/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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27
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Aas V, Hessvik NP, Wettergreen M, Hvammen AW, Hallén S, Thoresen GH, Rustan AC. Chronic hyperglycemia reduces substrate oxidation and impairs metabolic switching of human myotubes. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2010; 1812:94-105. [PMID: 20888904 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2010.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2010] [Revised: 09/14/2010] [Accepted: 09/28/2010] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle of insulin resistant individuals is characterized by lower fasting lipid oxidation and reduced ability to switch between lipid and glucose oxidation. The purpose of the present study was to examine if chronic hyperglycemia would impair metabolic switching of myotubes. Human myotubes were treated with or without chronic hyperglycemia (20mmol/l glucose for 4 days), and metabolism of [(14)C]oleic acid (OA) and [(14)C]glucose was studied. Myotubes exposed to chronic hyperglycemia showed a significantly reduced OA uptake and oxidation to CO(2), whereas acid-soluble metabolites were increased compared to normoglycemic cells (5.5mmol/l glucose). Glucose suppressibility, the ability of acute glucose (5mmol/l) to suppress lipid oxidation, was 50% in normoglycemic cells and reduced to 21% by hyperglycemia. Adaptability, the capacity to increase lipid oxidation with increasing fatty acid availability, was not affected by hyperglycemia. Glucose uptake and oxidation were reduced by about 40% after hyperglycemia, and oxidation of glucose in presence of mitochondrial uncouplers showed that net and maximal oxidative capacities were significantly reduced. Hyperglycemia also abolished insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. Moreover, ATP concentration was reduced by 25% after hyperglycemia. However, none of the measured mitochondrial genes were downregulated nor was mitochondrial DNA content. Microarray and real-time RT-PCR showed that no genes were significantly regulated by chronic hyperglycemia. Addition of chronic lactate reduced both glucose and OA oxidation to the same extent as hyperglycemia. In conclusion, chronic hyperglycemia reduced substrate oxidation in skeletal muscle cells and impaired metabolic switching. The effect is most likely due to an induced mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vigdis Aas
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo University College, Oslo, Norway.
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28
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Real-Hohn A, Zancan P, Da Silva D, Martins ER, Salgado LT, Mermelstein CS, Gomes AM, Sola-Penna M. Filamentous actin and its associated binding proteins are the stimulatory site for 6-phosphofructo-1-kinase association within the membrane of human erythrocytes. Biochimie 2010; 92:538-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2010.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2009] [Accepted: 01/29/2010] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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29
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Silva DD, Zancan P, Coelho WS, Gomez LS, Sola-Penna M. Metformin reverses hexokinase and 6-phosphofructo-1-kinase inhibition in skeletal muscle, liver and adipose tissues from streptozotocin-induced diabetic mouse. Arch Biochem Biophys 2010; 496:53-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2010.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2009] [Revised: 01/22/2010] [Accepted: 01/25/2010] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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30
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Marcondes MC, Sola-Penna M, Zancan P. Clotrimazole potentiates the inhibitory effects of ATP on the key glycolytic enzyme 6-phosphofructo-1-kinase. Arch Biochem Biophys 2010; 497:62-7. [PMID: 20346906 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2010.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2010] [Revised: 03/18/2010] [Accepted: 03/20/2010] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Clotrimazole (CTZ) has been proposed as a potential anti-neoplastic agent, which inhibits glucose metabolism. The present work aimed to evaluate the effects of CTZ on the kinetic mechanism of 6-phosphofructo-1-kinase (PFK). We show that CTZ promotes a dose-dependent inhibition of PFK, presenting a K(i) of 28 +/- 2 microM. Inhibition occurs through the dissociation of the enzyme tetramers, as demonstrated through fluorescence spectroscopy and gel filtration chromatography. Moreover, the affinities of the enzyme for ATP and fructose-6-phosphate are reduced 50% and 30%, respectively. Furthermore, the affinity of PFK for ATP at the inhibitory site becomes 2-fold higher. Altogether, the results presented here suggest that PFK inhibition by CTZ involves a decrease in the affinity of PFK for its substrates at the catalytic site with the concomitant potentiation of the inhibitory properties of ATP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariah Celestino Marcondes
- Laboratório de Oncobiologia Molecular (LabOMol) and Laboratório de Enzimologia e Controle do Metabolismo (LabECoM), Departamento de Fármacos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-590, Brazil
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31
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Venkatesu P, Lee MJ, Lin HM. Osmolyte counteracts urea-induced denaturation of alpha-chymotrypsin. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:5327-38. [PMID: 19354310 DOI: 10.1021/jp8113013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The stability of proteins is reduced by urea, which is methylamine and nonprotecting osmolyte; eventually urea destabilizes the activity and function and alters the structure of proteins, whereas the stability of proteins is raised by the osmolytes, which are not interfering with the functional activity of proteins. The deleterious effect of urea on proteins has been counteracted by methylamines (osmolytes), such as trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), betaine, and sarcosine. To distinctly enunciate the comparison of the counteracting effects between these methylamines on urea-induced denaturation of alpha-chymotrypsin (CT), we measured the hydrodynamic diameter (d(H)) and the thermodynamic properties (T(m), DeltaH, DeltaG(U), and DeltaC(p)) with dynamic light scattering (DLS) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), respectively. The present investigation compares the compatibility and counteracting hypothesis by determining the effects of methylamines and urea, as individual components and in combination at a concentration ratio of 1:2 (methylamine:urea) as well as various urea concentrations (0.5-5 M) in the presence of 1 M methylamine. The experimental results revealed that the naturally occurring osmolytes TMAO, betaine, and sarcosine strongly counteracted the urea actions on alpha-chymotrypsin. The results also indicated that TMAO counteracting the urea effects on CT was much stronger than betaine or sarcosine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pannur Venkatesu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 43 Keelung Road, Section 4, Taipei 106-07, Taiwan.
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32
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Marinho-Carvalho MM, Costa-Mattos PV, Spitz GA, Zancan P, Sola-Penna M. Calmodulin upregulates skeletal muscle 6-phosphofructo-1-kinase reversing the inhibitory effects of allosteric modulators. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2009; 1794:1175-80. [PMID: 19250982 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2009.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2008] [Revised: 02/13/2009] [Accepted: 02/17/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
6-phosphofructo-1-kinase (PFK) is a calmodulin (CaM)-binding protein that plays a key role on the regulation of glycolysis. Each PFK monomer binds two CaM molecules inducing the dissociation of the active tetrameric conformation of the enzyme into dimers, thus inhibiting it. Recently, we have reported that the binding of one CaM per PFK monomer promotes the dimerization of the enzyme although maintaining its full catalytic activity. The present work aims to understand the regulatory role of these active PFK dimers induced by CaM. We show that the inhibition of PFK activity by ATP (>1 mM) is abolished in the presence of CaM. CaM decreases the affinity of PFK for its substrates, fructose-6-phophate and ATP. Moreover, CaM activates PFK in the presence of citrate and lactate, two inhibitory metabolites that induce the dimerization of PFK tetramers, as well as potentiate the stimulatory action of ADP and fructose-2,6-bisphosphate. Under all the conditions tested CaM induces the formation of PFK dimers, supporting that these CaM-bound dimers are active and less susceptible to inhibition by allosteric ligands. In the end, we suggest that CaM binding to PFK, which is stimulated by Ca(2+), represents an important way to increase the glycolytic pathway in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica M Marinho-Carvalho
- Laboratório de Enzimologia e Controle do Metabolismo (LabECoM), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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33
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Acetylsalicylic acid and salicylic acid decrease tumor cell viability and glucose metabolism modulating 6-phosphofructo-1-kinase structure and activity. Biochem Pharmacol 2009; 77:46-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2008.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2008] [Revised: 09/14/2008] [Accepted: 09/15/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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34
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Zancan P, Marinho-Carvalho MM, Faber-Barata J, Dellias JMM, Sola-Penna M. ATP and fructose-2,6-bisphosphate regulate skeletal muscle 6-phosphofructo-1-kinase by altering its quaternary structure. IUBMB Life 2008; 60:526-33. [PMID: 18465796 DOI: 10.1002/iub.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Recently, it has been demonstrated that fructose-2,6-bisphosphate (F2,6BP) protects skeletal muscle 6-phosphofructo-1-kinase (PFK) from thermal inactivation (50 degrees C) and against the deleterious effects of guanidinium hydrochloride (GdmCl). On the other hand, ATP, when added at its inhibitory concentrations, that is, >1 mM, enhanced either the thermal- or GdmCl-induced inactivation of PFK. Moreover, we concluded that these phenomena were probably due to the stabilization of PFK tetrameric structure by F2,6BP, and the dissociation of this structure into dimers induced by ATP. Aimed at elucidating the effects of F2,6BP and ATP on PFK at the structural and functional levels, the present work correlates the effects of these metabolites on the equilibrium between PFK dimers and tetramers to the regulation promoted on the enzyme catalytic activity. We show that ATP present a dual effect on PFK structure, favoring the formation of tetramer at stimulatory concentrations (up to 1 mM), and dissociating tetramers into dimers at inhibitory concentrations (>1 mM). Furthermore, F2,6BP counteracted this later ATP effect at either the structural or catalytic levels. Additionally, the effects of both F2,6BP or ATP on the equilibrium between PFK tetramers and dimers and on the enzyme activity presented a striking parallelism. Therefore, we concluded that modulation of PFK activity by ATP and F2,6BP is due to the effects of these ligands on PFK quaternary structure, altering the oligomeric equilibrium between PFK tetramers and dimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Zancan
- Laboratório de Enzimologia e Controle do Metabolismo (LabECoM), Departamento de Fármacos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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35
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36
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Ortiz-Costa S, Sorenson MM, Sola-Penna M. Betaine protects urea-induced denaturation of myosin subfragment-1. FEBS J 2008; 275:3388-96. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2008.06487.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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