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Syed A, Zhai J, Guo B, Zhao Y, Wang JCY, Chen L. Cryo-EM structure and molecular dynamic simulations explain the enhanced stability and ATP activity of the pathological chaperonin mutant. Structure 2024; 32:575-584.e3. [PMID: 38412855 PMCID: PMC11069440 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Chaperonins Hsp60s are required for cellular vitality by assisting protein folding in an ATP-dependent mechanism. Although conserved, the human mitochondrial mHsp60 exhibits molecular characteristics distinct from the E. coli GroEL, with different conformational assembly and higher subunit association dynamics, suggesting a different mechanism. We previously found that the pathological mutant mHsp60V72I exhibits enhanced subunit association stability and ATPase activity. To provide structural explanations for the V72I mutational effects, here we determined a cryo-EM structure of mHsp60V72I. Our structural analysis combined with molecular dynamic simulations showed mHsp60V72I with increased inter-subunit interface, binding free energy, and dissociation force, all contributing to its enhanced subunit association stability. The gate to the nucleotide-binding (NB) site in mHsp60V72I mimicked the open conformation in the nucleotide-bound state with an additional open channel leading to the NB site, both promoting the mutant's ATPase activity. Our studies highlight the importance of mHsp60's characteristics in its biological function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiza Syed
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Indiana University Bloomington, 212 S. Hawthorne Dr., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Jihang Zhai
- The Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475000, China
| | - Baolin Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475000, China
| | - Yuan Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475000, China.
| | - Joseph Che-Yen Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
| | - Lingling Chen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Indiana University Bloomington, 212 S. Hawthorne Dr., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
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2
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Kunachowicz D, Król-Kulikowska M, Raczycka W, Sleziak J, Błażejewska M, Kulbacka J. Heat Shock Proteins, a Double-Edged Sword: Significance in Cancer Progression, Chemotherapy Resistance and Novel Therapeutic Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1500. [PMID: 38672583 PMCID: PMC11048091 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16081500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (Hsps) are involved in one of the adaptive mechanisms protecting cells against environmental and metabolic stress. Moreover, the large role of these proteins in the carcinogenesis process, as well as in chemoresistance, was noticed. This review aims to draw attention to the possibilities of using Hsps in developing new cancer therapy methods, as well as to indicate directions for future research on this topic. In order to discuss this matter, a thorough review of the latest scientific literature was carried out, taking into account the importance of selected proteins from the Hsp family, including Hsp27, Hsp40, Hsp60, Hsp70, Hsp90 and Hsp110. One of the more characteristic features of all Hsps is that they play a multifaceted role in cancer progression, which makes them an obvious target for modern anticancer therapy. Some researchers emphasize the importance of directly inhibiting the action of these proteins. In turn, others point to their possible use in the design of cancer vaccines, which would work by inducing an immune response in various types of cancer. Due to these possibilities, it is believed that the use of Hsps may contribute to the progress of oncoimmunology, and thus help in the development of modern anticancer therapies, which would be characterized by higher effectiveness and lower toxicity to the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Kunachowicz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (D.K.); (M.K.-K.)
| | - Magdalena Król-Kulikowska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (D.K.); (M.K.-K.)
| | - Wiktoria Raczycka
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteura 1, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (W.R.); (J.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Jakub Sleziak
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteura 1, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (W.R.); (J.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Marta Błażejewska
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteura 1, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (W.R.); (J.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Julita Kulbacka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Immunology and Bioelectrochemistry, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine Santariškių g. 5, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania
- DIVE IN AI, 53-307 Wroclaw, Poland
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Hereditary spastic paraplegia SPG13 mutation increases structural stability and ATPase activity of human mitochondrial chaperonin. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18321. [PMID: 36316435 PMCID: PMC9622745 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21993-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Human mitochondrial chaperonin mHsp60 is broadly associated with various human health conditions and the V72I mutation in mHsp60 causes a form of hereditary spastic paraplegia, a neurodegenerative disease. The main function of mHsp60 is to assist folding of mitochondrial proteins in an ATP-dependent manner. In this study, we unexpectedly found that mutant mHsp60V72I was more stable structurally and more active in the ATPase activity than the wildtype. Analysis of our recently solved cryo-EM structure of mHsp60 revealed allosteric roles of V72I in structural stability and ATPase activity, which were supported by studies including those using the V72A mutation. Despite with the increases in structural stability and ATPase activity, mHsp60V72I was less efficient in folding malate dehydrogenase, a putative mHsp60 substrate protein in mitochondria and also commonly used in chaperonin studies. In addition, although mHsp60V72I along with its cochaperonin mHsp10 was able to substitute the E. coli chaperonin system in supporting cell growth under normal temperature of 37 °C, it was unable under heat shock temperature of 42 °C. Our results support the importance of structural dynamics and an optimal ATP turnover that mHsp60 has evolved for its function and physiology. We propose that unproductive energy utilization, or hyperactive ATPase activity and compromised folding function, not mutually exclusive, are responsible for the V72I pathology in neurodegenerative disease.
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Rosal KG, Chen WY, Chung BC. The A'-helix of CYP11A1 remodels mitochondrial cristae. J Biomed Sci 2022; 29:61. [PMID: 35978408 PMCID: PMC9386925 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-022-00846-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background CYP11A1 is a protein located in the inner membrane of mitochondria catalyzing the first step of steroid synthesis. As a marker gene for steroid-producing cells, the abundance of CYP11A1 characterizes the extent of steroidogenic cell differentiation. Besides, the mitochondria of fully differentiated steroidogenic cells are specialized with tubulovesicular cristae. The participation of CYP11A1 in the change of mitochondrial structure and the differentiation of steroid-producing cells, however, has not been investigated. Methods We engineered nonsteroidogenic monkey kidney COS1 cells to express CYP11A1 upon doxycycline induction and examined the mitochondrial structure of these cells. We also mapped the CYP11A1 domains that confer structural changes of mitochondria. We searched for CYP11A1-interacting proteins and investigated the role of this interacting protein in shaping mitochondrial structure. Finally, we examined the effect of CYP11A1 overexpression on the amount of mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system. Results We found that CYP11A1 overexpression led to the formation of tubulovesicular cristae in mitochondria. We also identified the A’-helix located at amino acid #57–68 to be sufficient for membrane insertion and crista remodeling. We identified heat shock protein 60 (Hsp60) as the CYP11A1-interacting protein and showed that Hsp60 is required for CYP11A1 accumulation and crista remodeling. Finally, we found that the small MIC10 subcomplex of the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system was reduced when CYP11A1 was overexpressed. Conclusions CYP11A1 participates in the formation of tubulovesicular cristae in the mitochondria of steroidogenic cells. Its A’-helix is sufficient for the formation of tubulovesicular cristae and for protein integration into the membrane. CYP11A1 interacts with Hsp60, which is required for CYP11A1 accumulation. The accumulation of CYP11A1 leads to the reduction of MIC10 complex and changes mitochondrial structure. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12929-022-00846-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen G Rosal
- Molecular Cell Biology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and Graduate Institute of Life Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.,Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yi Chen
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Bon-Chu Chung
- Molecular Cell Biology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and Graduate Institute of Life Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 115, Taiwan. .,Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Neuroscience and Brain Disease Center, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan.
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Inigo JR, Chandra D. The mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPR mt): shielding against toxicity to mitochondria in cancer. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:98. [PMID: 35864539 PMCID: PMC9306209 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01317-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential for tumor growth and progression. However, the heavy demand for mitochondrial activity in cancer leads to increased production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS), accumulation of mutations in mitochondrial DNA, and development of mitochondrial dysfunction. If left unchecked, excessive mtROS can damage and unfold proteins in the mitochondria to an extent that becomes lethal to the tumor. Cellular systems have evolved to combat mtROS and alleviate mitochondrial stress through a quality control mechanism called the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt). The UPRmt system is composed of chaperones and proteases, which promote protein folding or eliminate mitochondrial proteins damaged by mtROS, respectively. UPRmt is conserved and activated in cancer in response to mitochondrial stress to maintain mitochondrial integrity and support tumor growth. In this review, we discuss how mitochondria become dysfunctional in cancer and highlight the tumor-promoting functions of key components of the UPRmt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph R Inigo
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Dhyan Chandra
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA.
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Vila-Casahonda RG, Lozano-Aponte J, Guerrero-Beltrán CE. HSP60-Derived Peptide as an LPS/TLR4 Modulator: An in silico Approach. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:731376. [PMID: 35433873 PMCID: PMC9010565 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.731376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As a part of innate immunity mechanisms, the Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway serves as one of the mainstay lines of defense against pathogenic microorganisms and cell dysfunction. Nevertheless, TLR overactivation induces a systemic proinflammatory environment compromising organ function or causing the patient’s death. TLRs modulators, specially those focused for TLR4, remain a promising approach for inflammatory diseases treatment, being peptide-based therapy a trendy approach. Heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) not only plays a pivotal role in the development of several maladies with strong inflammatory components but also HSP60 peptides possess anti-inflammatory properties in TLR4-mediated diseases, such as diabetes, arthritis, and atherosclerosis. The experimental treatment using HSP60 peptides has proven to be protective in preclinical models of the heart by hampering inflammation and modulating the activity of immune cells. Nonetheless, the effect that these peptides may exert directly on cells that express TLR and its role to inhibit overactivation remain elusive. The aim of this study is to evaluate by molecular docking, a 15 amino acid long-HSP60 peptide (Peptide-2) in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) binding site of TLR4/MD2, finding most Peptide-2 resulting conformations posed into the hydrophobic pocket of MD2. This observation is supported by binding energy obtained for the control antagonist Eritoran, close to those of Peptide-2. This last does not undergo drastic structural changes, moving into a delimited space, and maintaining the same orientation during molecular dynamics simulation. Based on the two computational techniques applied, interaction patterns were defined for Peptide-2. With these results, it is plausible to propose a peptidic approach for TLR4 modulation as a new innovative therapy to the treatment of TLR4-related cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Gustavo Vila-Casahonda
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Medicina Cardiovascular y Metabolómica, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Jorge Lozano-Aponte
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Carlos Enrique Guerrero-Beltrán
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Medicina Cardiovascular y Metabolómica, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Carlos Enrique Guerrero-Beltrán,
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Cyran AM, Zhitkovich A. Heat Shock Proteins and HSF1 in Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:860320. [PMID: 35311075 PMCID: PMC8924369 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.860320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Fitness of cells is dependent on protein homeostasis which is maintained by cooperative activities of protein chaperones and proteolytic machinery. Upon encountering protein-damaging conditions, cells activate the heat-shock response (HSR) which involves HSF1-mediated transcriptional upregulation of a group of chaperones - the heat shock proteins (HSPs). Cancer cells experience high levels of proteotoxic stress due to the production of mutated proteins, aneuploidy-induced excess of components of multiprotein complexes, increased translation rates, and dysregulated metabolism. To cope with this chronic state of proteotoxic stress, cancers almost invariably upregulate major components of HSR, including HSF1 and individual HSPs. Some oncogenic programs show dependence or coupling with a particular HSR factor (such as frequent coamplification of HSF1 and MYC genes). Elevated levels of HSPs and HSF1 are typically associated with drug resistance and poor clinical outcomes in various malignancies. The non-oncogene dependence ("addiction") on protein quality controls represents a pancancer target in treating human malignancies, offering a potential to enhance efficacy of standard and targeted chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors. In cancers with specific dependencies, HSR components can serve as alternative targets to poorly druggable oncogenic drivers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anatoly Zhitkovich
- Legoretta Cancer Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
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8
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Yao L, Liao M, Wang JK, Wang J, Liu D, Tu PF, Zeng KW. Gold Nanoparticle-Based Photo-Cross-Linking Strategy for Cellular Target Identification of Supercomplex Molecular Systems. Anal Chem 2022; 94:3180-3187. [PMID: 35133791 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cellular target identification plays an essential role in innovative drug development and pharmacological mechanism elucidation. However, very few practical experimental methodologies have been developed for identifying target proteins for supercomplex molecular systems such as biologically active phytochemicals or pharmaceutical compositions. To overcome this limitation, we synthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as solid scaffolds, which were bound with 4,4'-dihydroxybenzophenone (DHBP) as a photo-cross-linking group on the surface. Then, DHBP-modified AuNPs cross-linked various organic compounds from phytochemicals under ultraviolet radiation via carbene reactions, H-C bond insertion, for catalytic C-C bond formation. We next used the phytochemical-cross-linked AuNPs (phytoAuNPs) to pull down potential binding proteins from brain tissue lysate and identified 13 neuroprotective targets by mass spectrometry analysis. As an exemplary study, we selected Hsp60 as a crucial cellular target to further screen 14 target-binding compounds from phytochemicals through surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis, followed by Hsp60 activity detection and neuroprotective effect assay in cells. Collectively, this gold nanoparticle-based photo-cross-linking strategy can serve as a useful platform for discovering novel cellular targets for supercomplex molecular systems and help to explore pharmacological mechanisms and active substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Min Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jing-Kang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Dan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Peng-Fei Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ke-Wu Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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Structural basis for the structural dynamics of human mitochondrial chaperonin mHsp60. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14809. [PMID: 34285302 PMCID: PMC8292379 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94236-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Human mitochondrial chaperonin mHsp60 is essential for mitochondrial function by assisting folding of mitochondrial proteins. Unlike the double-ring bacterial GroEL, mHsp60 exists as a heptameric ring that is unstable and dissociates to subunits. The structural dynamics has been implicated for a unique mechanism of mHsp60. We purified active heptameric mHsp60, and determined a cryo-EM structure of mHsp60 heptamer at 3.4 Å. Of the three domains, the equatorial domains contribute most to the inter-subunit interactions, which include a four-stranded β sheet. Our structural comparison with GroEL shows that mHsp60 contains several unique sequences that directly decrease the sidechain interactions around the β sheet and indirectly shorten β strands by disengaging the backbones of the flanking residues from hydrogen bonding in the β strand conformation. The decreased inter-subunit interactions result in a small inter-subunit interface in mHsp60 compared to GroEL, providing a structural basis for the dynamics of mHsp60 subunit association. Importantly, the unique sequences are conserved among higher eukaryotic mitochondrial chaperonins, suggesting the importance of structural dynamics for eukaryotic chaperonins. Our structural comparison with the single-ring mHsp60-mHsp10 shows that upon mHsp10 binding the shortened inter-subunit β sheet is restored and the overall inter-subunit interface of mHsp60 increases drastically. Our structural basis for the mHsp10 induced stabilization of mHsp60 subunit interaction is consistent with the literature that mHsp10 stabilizes mHsp60 quaternary structure. Together, our studies provide structural bases for structural dynamics of the mHsp60 heptamer and for the stabilizing effect of mHsp10 on mHsp60 subunit association.
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Song H, Tian X, Liu D, Liu M, Liu Y, Liu J, Mei Z, Yan C, Han Y. CREG1 improves the capacity of the skeletal muscle response to exercise endurance via modulation of mitophagy. Autophagy 2021; 17:4102-4118. [PMID: 33726618 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2021.1904488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
CREG1 (cellular repressor of E1A-stimulated genes 1) is involved in tissue homeostasis and influences macroautophagy/autophagy to protect cardiovascular function. However, the physiological and pathological role of CREG1 in the skeletal muscle is not clear. Here, we established a skeletal muscle-specific creg1 knockout mouse model (creg1;Ckm-Cre) by crossing the Creg1-floxed mice (Creg1fl/fl) with a transgenic line expressing Cre recombinase under the muscle-specific Ckm (creatine kinase, muscle) promoter. In creg1;Ckm-Cre mice, the exercise time to exhaustion and running distance were significantly reduced compared to Creg1fl/fl mice at the age of 9 months. In addition, the administration of recombinant (re)CREG1 protein improved the motor function of 9-month-old creg1;Ckm-Cre mice. Moreover, electron microscopy images of 9-month-old creg1;Ckm-Cre mice showed that the mitochondrial quality and quantity were abnormal and associated with increased levels of PINK1 (PTEN induced putative kinase 1) and PRKN/PARKIN (parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase) but reduced levels of the mitochondrial proteins PTGS2/COX2, COX4I1/COX4, and TOMM20. These results suggested that CREG1 deficiency accelerated the induction of mitophagy in the skeletal muscle. Mechanistically, gain-and loss-of-function mutations of Creg1 altered mitochondrial morphology and function, impairing mitophagy in C2C12 cells. Furthermore, HSPD1/HSP60 (heat shock protein 1) (401-573 aa) interacted with CREG1 (130-220 aa) to antagonize the degradation of CREG1 and was involved in the regulation of mitophagy. This was the first time to demonstrate that CREG1 localized to the mitochondria and played an important role in mitophagy modulation that determined skeletal muscle wasting during the growth process or disease conditions.Abbreviations: CCCP: carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone; CKM: creatine kinase, muscle; COX4I1/COX4: cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4I1; CREG1: cellular repressor of E1A-stimulated genes 1; DMEM: dulbecco's modified eagle medium; DNM1L/DRP1: dynamin 1-like; FCCP: carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoro-methoxy phenyl-hydrazone; HSPD1/HSP60: heat shock protein 1 (chaperonin); IP: immunoprecipitation; MAP1LC3B/LC3B: microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta; MFF: mitochondrial fission factor; MFN2: mitofusin 2; MYH1/MHC-I: myosin, heavy polypeptide 1, skeletal muscle, adult; OCR: oxygen consumption rate; OPA1: OPA1, mitochondrial dynamin like GTPase; PINK1: PTEN induced putative kinase 1; PPARGC1A/PGC-1α: peroxisome proliferative activated receptor, gamma, coactivator 1 alpha; PRKN/PARKIN: parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase; PTGS2/COX2: prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2; RFP: red fluorescent protein; RT-qPCR: real-time quantitative PCR; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; TFAM: transcription factor A, mitochondrial; TOMM20: translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 20; VDAC: voltage-dependent anion channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- HaiXu Song
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Tian
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Meili Liu
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanxia Liu
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhu Mei
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Chenghui Yan
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Yaling Han
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
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Krishnan-Sivadoss I, Mijares-Rojas IA, Villarreal-Leal RA, Torre-Amione G, Knowlton AA, Guerrero-Beltrán CE. Heat shock protein 60 and cardiovascular diseases: An intricate love-hate story. Med Res Rev 2020; 41:29-71. [PMID: 32808366 PMCID: PMC9290735 DOI: 10.1002/med.21723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the result of complex pathophysiological processes in the tissues comprising the heart and blood vessels. Inflammation is the main culprit for the development of cardiovascular dysfunction, and it may be traced to cellular stress events including apoptosis, oxidative and shear stress, and cellular and humoral immune responses, all of which impair the system's structure and function. An intracellular chaperone, heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) is an intriguing example of a protein that may both be an ally and a foe for cardiovascular homeostasis; on one hand providing protection against cellular injury, and on the other triggering damaging responses through innate and adaptive immunity. In this review we will discuss the functions of HSP60 and its effects on cells and the immune system regulation, only to later address its implications in the development and progression of CVD. Lastly, we summarize the outcome of various studies targeting HSP60 as a potential therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indumathi Krishnan-Sivadoss
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Medicina Cardiovascular y Metabolómica, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
| | - Iván A Mijares-Rojas
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Medicina Cardiovascular y Metabolómica, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
| | - Ramiro A Villarreal-Leal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Medicina Cardiovascular y Metabolómica, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
| | - Guillermo Torre-Amione
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Medicina Cardiovascular y Metabolómica, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México.,Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, The Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Anne A Knowlton
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Sacramento, California, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Cardiovascular Division, University of California, Davis, California, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - C Enrique Guerrero-Beltrán
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Medicina Cardiovascular y Metabolómica, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México.,Tecnologico de Monterrey, Hospital Zambrano Hellion, TecSalud, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, San Pedro Garza García, Nuevo León, México
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Hoter A, Rizk S, Naim HY. Heat Shock Protein 60 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Insights and Perspectives. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:60. [PMID: 32351972 PMCID: PMC7174549 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.00060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) is a mitochondrial chaperone that is implicated in physiological and pathological processes. For instance, it contributes to protein folding and stability, translocation of mitochondrial proteins, and apoptosis. Variations in the expression levels of HSP60 have been correlated to various diseases and cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Unlike other HSPs which clearly increase in some cancers, data about HSP60 levels in HCC are controversial and difficult to interpret. In the current review, we summarize and simplify the current knowledge about the role of HSP60 in HCC. In addition, we highlight the possibility of its targeting, using chemical compounds and/or genetic tools for treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Hoter
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hanover, Germany.,Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Sandra Rizk
- Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Hassan Y Naim
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hanover, Germany
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13
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Abstract
Chaperonin is categorized as a molecular chaperone and mediates the formation of the native conformation of proteins by first preventing folding during synthesis or membrane translocation and subsequently by mediating the step-wise ATP-dependent release that result in proper folding. In the GroEL-GroES complex, a single heptameric GroEL ring binds one GroES ring in the presence of ATP/ADP, in this vein, the double ring GroEL tetradecamer is present in two distinct types of GroEL-GroES complexes: asymmetric 1:1 "bullet"-shaped GroEL:GroES and symmetric 1:2 "football" (American football)-shaped GroEL:GroES2. There have been debates as to which complex is critical to the productive protein folding mediated by the GroEL-GroES complex, and how GroES coordinates with GroEL in the chaperonin reaction cycle in association with regulation by adenine nucleotides and through the interplay of substrate proteins. A lot of knowledge on chaperonins has been accumulating as if expanding as ripples spread around the GroEL-GroES from Escherichia coli. In this article, an overview is presented on GroEL and the GroEL-GroES complex, with emphasis on their morphological variations, and some potential applications to the fabrication of nanocomposites using GroEL as a nano-block. In parallel, a guideline is presented that supports the recognition that the E. coli and its GroEL-GroES complex do not always receive in standard literature because the biochemical features of chaperonins derived from others special, such as mammals, are not always the same as those confirmed using GroEL-GroES derived from E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriyuki Ishii
- Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central-6, 1-1-1 Higashi Tsukuba Ibaraki, 305-8566, Tsukuba, Japan.
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14
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Tikhomirova TS, Galzitskaya OV. Functionally Significant Amino Acid Motifs of Heat Shock Proteins: Structural and Bioinformatics Analyses of Hsp60/Hsp10 in Five Classes of Chordata. Mol Biol 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893318050138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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15
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Regulation of Antimicrobial Pathways by Endogenous Heat Shock Proteins in Gastrointestinal Disorders. GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/gidisord1010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are essential mediators of cellular homeostasis by maintaining protein functionality and stability, and activating appropriate immune cells. HSP activity is influenced by a variety of factors including diet, microbial stimuli, environment and host immunity. The overexpression and down-regulation of HSPs is associated with various disease phenotypes, including the inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) such as Crohn’s disease (CD). While the precise etiology of CD remains unclear, many of the putative triggers also influence HSP activity. The development of different CD phenotypes therefore may be a result of the disease-modifying behavior of the environmentally-regulated HSPs. Understanding the role of bacterial and endogenous HSPs in host homeostasis and disease will help elucidate the complex interplay of factors. Furthermore, discerning the function of HSPs in CD may lead to therapeutic developments that better reflect and respond to the gut environment.
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16
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Physicochemical Properties of the Mammalian Molecular Chaperone HSP60. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19020489. [PMID: 29415503 PMCID: PMC5855711 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The E. coli GroEL/GroES chaperonin complex acts as a folding cage by producing a bullet-like asymmetric complex, and GroEL exists as double rings regardless of the presence of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Its mammalian chaperonin homolog, heat shock protein, HSP60, and co-chaperonin, HSP10, play an essential role in protein folding by capturing unfolded proteins in the HSP60/HSP10 complex. However, the structural transition in ATPase-dependent reaction cycle has remained unclear. We found nucleotide-dependent association and dissociation of the HSP60/HSP10 complex using various analytical techniques under near physiological conditions. Our results showed that HSP60 exist as a significant number of double-ring complexes (football- and bullet-type complexes) and a small number of single-ring complexes in the presence of ATP and HSP10. HSP10 binds to HSP60 in the presence of ATP, which increased the HSP60 double-ring formation. After ATP is hydrolyzed to Adenosine diphosphate (ADP), HSP60 released the HSP10 and the dissociation of the double-ring to single-rings occurred. These results indicated that HSP60/HSP10 undergoes an ATP-dependent transition between the single- and double-rings in their system that is highly distinctive from the GroEL/GroES system particularly in the manner of complex formation and the roles of ATP binding and hydrolysis in the reaction cycle.
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17
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Vilasi S, Bulone D, Caruso Bavisotto C, Campanella C, Marino Gammazza A, San Biagio PL, Cappello F, Conway de Macario E, Macario AJL. Chaperonin of Group I: Oligomeric Spectrum and Biochemical and Biological Implications. Front Mol Biosci 2018; 4:99. [PMID: 29423396 PMCID: PMC5788889 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2017.00099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Chaperonins play various physiological roles and can also be pathogenic. Elucidation of their structure, e.g., oligomeric status and post-translational modifications (PTM), is necessary to understand their functions and mechanisms of action in health and disease. Group I chaperonins form tetradecamers with two stacked heptameric rings. The tetradecamer is considered the typical functional complex for folding of client polypeptides. However, other forms such as the monomer and oligomers with smaller number of subunits than the classical tetradecamer, also occur in cells. The properties and functions of the monomer and oligomers, and their roles in chaperonin-associated diseases are still incompletely understood. Chaperonin I in eukaryotes occurs in various locations, not just the mitochondrion, which is its canonical place of residence and function. Eukaryotic Chaperonin I, namely Hsp60 (designated HSP60 or HSPD1 in humans) has, indeed, been found in the cytosol; the plasma-cell membrane; on the outer surface of cells; in the intercellular space; in biological liquids such as lymph, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid; and in secretions, for instance saliva and urine. Hsp60 has also been found in cell-derived vesicles such as exosomes. The functions of Hsp60 in all these non-canonical locales are still poorly characterized and one of the questions not yet answered is in what form, i.e., monomer or oligomer, is the chaperonin present in these non-canonical locations. In view of the steady increase in interest on chaperonopathies over the last several years, we have studied human HSP60 to determine its role in various diseases, its locations in cells and tissues and migrations in the body, and its post-translational modifications that might have an impact on its location and function. We also carried out experiments to characterize the oligomeric status of extramitochondrial of HSP60 in solution. Here, we provide an overview of our results, focusing on the oligomeric equilibrium and stability of the various forms of HSP60 in comparison with GroEL. We also discuss post-translational modifications associated with anti-cancer drugs to indicate the potential of Hsp60 in Medicine, as a biomarker and etiopathogenic factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Vilasi
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council, Palermo, Italy
| | - Donatella Bulone
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council, Palermo, Italy
| | - Celeste Caruso Bavisotto
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience (BIONEC), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), Palermo, Italy
| | - Claudia Campanella
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience (BIONEC), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonella Marino Gammazza
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience (BIONEC), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Cappello
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience (BIONEC), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), Palermo, Italy
| | - Everly Conway de Macario
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland at Baltimore, and Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology (IMET), Columbus Center, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Alberto J L Macario
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), Palermo, Italy.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland at Baltimore, and Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology (IMET), Columbus Center, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Okamoto T, Yamamoto H, Kudo I, Matsumoto K, Odaka M, Grave E, Itoh H. HSP60 possesses a GTPase activity and mediates protein folding with HSP10. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16931. [PMID: 29208924 PMCID: PMC5717063 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17167-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian molecular chaperone, HSP60, plays an essential role in protein homeostasis through mediating protein folding and assembly. The structure and ATP-dependent function of HSP60 has been well established in recent studies. After ATP, GTP is the major cellular nucleotide. In this paper, we have investigated the role of GTP in the activity of HSP60. It was found that HSP60 has different properties with respect to allostery, complex formation and protein folding activity depending on the nucleoside triphosphate present. The presence of GTP slightly affected the ATPase activity of HSP60 during protein folding. These results provide clues as to the functional mechanism of the HSP60-HSP10 complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Okamoto
- Department of Life Science, Graduate School and Faculty of Engineering Science, Akita University, Akita, 010-8502, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamamoto
- Department of Life Science, Graduate School and Faculty of Engineering Science, Akita University, Akita, 010-8502, Japan
| | - Ikuru Kudo
- Department of Life Science, Graduate School and Faculty of Engineering Science, Akita University, Akita, 010-8502, Japan
| | - Kazuya Matsumoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School and Faculty of Engineering Science, Akita University, Akita, 010-8502, Japan
| | - Masafumi Odaka
- Department of Life Science, Graduate School and Faculty of Engineering Science, Akita University, Akita, 010-8502, Japan
| | - Ewa Grave
- Department of Life Science, Graduate School and Faculty of Engineering Science, Akita University, Akita, 010-8502, Japan
| | - Hideaki Itoh
- Department of Life Science, Graduate School and Faculty of Engineering Science, Akita University, Akita, 010-8502, Japan.
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Mizukami S, Watanabe Y, Nakajima K, Hasegawa-Baba Y, Jin M, Yoshida T, Shibutani M. Downregulation of TMEM70 in Rat Liver Cells After Hepatocarcinogen Treatment Related to the Warburg Effect in Hepatocarcinogenesis Producing GST-P-Expressing Proliferative Lesions. Toxicol Sci 2017; 159:211-223. [DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfx131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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20
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The heat shock protein 60 promotes progesterone synthesis in mitochondria of JEG-3 cells. Reprod Biol 2017; 17:154-161. [DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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21
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Using bicistronic constructs to evaluate the chaperone activities of heat shock proteins in cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2387. [PMID: 28539657 PMCID: PMC5443837 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02459-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (Hsps) are molecular chaperones that prevent the aggregation of client proteins by facilitating their refolding, or trafficking them for degradation. The chaperone activities of Hsps are dependent on dynamic protein-protein interactions, including their oligomerisation into large multi-subunit complexes. Thus, tagging Hsps with fluorescent proteins can interfere with their chaperone activity. To overcome this limitation, we have exploited bicistronic constructs for the concurrent expression of a non-tagged Hsp and fluorescent reporter from a single mRNA in cells. We used the Hsp-encoding bicistronic constructs in a cell-based model of protein aggregation, using a destabilised (mutant) form of firefly luciferase (mFluc) that forms inclusion bodies in cells. Expression of Hsp40, Hsp70, or Hsp40 and Hsp70 in cells expressing mFluc decreased the formation of inclusion bodies by 25–46% compared to controls. Moreover, there was a concentration-dependent decrease in the proportion of cells with inclusions when Hsp70, or Hsp40 and Hsp70 were co-expressed with mFluc in cells. The Hsp-encoding bicistronic constructs enable transfection efficiencies and concentration-dependent effects of Hsp expression to be determined using fluorescence based techniques, without the need to tag the Hsp with a fluorescent protein.
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22
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Yamamoto S, Okamoto T, Ogasawara N, Hashimoto S, Shiraishi T, Sato T, Yamamoto K, Tsutsumi H, Takano K, Himi T, Itoh H, Yokota SI. NIP-SNAP-1 and -2 mitochondrial proteins are maintained by heat shock protein 60. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 483:917-922. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.12.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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