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Chen S, Li J, Wang M, Liu Y, Li T, Yin X, Xie T, Chen R. Identification and characterization of a novel sativene synthase from Fischerella thermalis. Protein Expr Purif 2023; 212:106359. [PMID: 37625736 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2023.106359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Sesquiterpene synthases (TPS) determine the structural diversity of terpenoids, which are species specific. In this study, we report a TPS from Fischerella thermalis (named as FtTPS), recombinantly expressed as a soluble protein in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) strain. The FtTPS protein could catalyze the conversion of farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) to sativene, a kind of tricyclic sesquiterpene. The optimal pH and temperature of FtTPS were 7.5 and 30 °C, respectively. The KM and Vmax values of FtTPS for FPP were 1.846 μM and 0.372 μM/min, respectively. By constructing an engineered E. coli strain carrying the FtTPS and the heterologous mevalonate (MVA) pathway genes, sativene could be detected and its yield reached 24 mg/L after 96 h cultivation. The highest yield of sativene was obtained when E.coli BL21 Star was used as the host with SBMSN medium. These results exhibited the biosynthesis of sativene for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Jia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Hubei, 430062, China
| | - Ming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Yuheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Tangli Li
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Xiaopu Yin
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Tian Xie
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
| | - Rong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310000, China; School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
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Xu J, Du R, Wang Y, Chen J. RNA-Sequencing Reveals the Involvement of Sesquiterpene Biosynthesis Genes and Transcription Factors during an Early Response to Mechanical Wounding of Aquilaria sinensis. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:464. [PMID: 36833391 PMCID: PMC9957285 DOI: 10.3390/genes14020464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants respond to wounding by reprogramming the expression of genes involved in secondary metabolism. Aquilaria trees produce many bioactive secondary metabolites in response to wounding, but the regulatory mechanism of agarwood formation in the early response to mechanical wounding has remained unclear. To gain insights into the process of transcriptome changes and to determine the regulatory networks of Aquilaria sinensis to an early response (15 days) to mechanical wounding, we collected A. sinensis samples from the untreated (Asc1) and treated (Asf1) xylem tissues and performed RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). This generated 49,102,523 (Asc1) and 45,180,981 (Asf1) clean reads, which corresponded to 18,927 (Asc1) and 19,258 (Asf1) genes, respectively. A total of 1596 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected in Asf1 vs. Asc1 (|log2 (fold change)| ≥ 1, Padj ≤ 0.05), of which 1088 were up-regulated and 508 genes were down-regulated. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis of DEGs showed that flavonoid biosynthesis, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and sesquiterpenoid and triterpenoid biosynthesis pathways might play important roles in wound-induced agarwood formation. Based on the transcription factor (TF)-gene regulatory network analysis, we inferred that the bHLH TF family could regulate all DEGs encoding for farnesyl diphosphate synthase, sesquiterpene synthase, and 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase (DXS), which contribute to the biosynthesis and accumulation of agarwood sesquiterpenes. This study provides insight into the molecular mechanism regulating agarwood formation in A. sinensis, and will be helpful in selecting candidate genes for improving the yield and quality of agarwood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieru Xu
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory/School of Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya 572019, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education/Engineering Research Center of Rare and Precious Tree Species in Hainan Province, School of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Ruyue Du
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory/School of Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya 572019, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education/Engineering Research Center of Rare and Precious Tree Species in Hainan Province, School of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory/School of Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya 572019, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education/Engineering Research Center of Rare and Precious Tree Species in Hainan Province, School of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Jinhui Chen
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory/School of Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya 572019, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education/Engineering Research Center of Rare and Precious Tree Species in Hainan Province, School of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
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Su H, Tan C, Liu Y, Chen X, Li X, Jones A, Zhu Y, Song Y. Physiology and Molecular Breeding in Sustaining Wheat Grain Setting and Quality under Spring Cold Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214099. [PMID: 36430598 PMCID: PMC9693015 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Spring cold stress (SCS) compromises the reproductive growth of wheat, being a major constraint in achieving high grain yield and quality in winter wheat. To sustain wheat productivity in SCS conditions, breeding cultivars conferring cold tolerance is key. In this review, we examine how grain setting and quality traits are affected by SCS, which may occur at the pre-anthesis stage. We have investigated the physiological and molecular mechanisms involved in floret and spikelet SCS tolerance. It includes the protective enzymes scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), hormonal adjustment, and carbohydrate metabolism. Lastly, we explored quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that regulate SCS for identifying candidate genes for breeding. The existing cultivars for SCS tolerance were primarily bred on agronomic and morphophysiological traits and lacked in molecular investigations. Therefore, breeding novel wheat cultivars based on QTLs and associated genes underlying the fundamental resistance mechanism is urgently needed to sustain grain setting and quality under SCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Su
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Cheng Tan
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yonghua Liu
- School of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xinrui Li
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Ashley Jones
- Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Yulei Zhu
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (Y.S.)
| | - Youhong Song
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Centre for Crop Science, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (Y.S.)
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Ma M, Meng H, Lei E, Wang T, Zhang W, Lu B. De novo transcriptome assembly, gene annotation, and EST-SSR marker development of an important medicinal and edible crop, Amomum tsaoko (Zingiberaceae). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:467. [PMID: 36171538 PMCID: PMC9519402 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03827-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amomum tsaoko is a medicinal and food dual-use crop that belongs to the Zingiberaceae family. However, the lack of transcriptomic and genomic information has limited the understanding of the genetic basis of this species. Here, we performed transcriptome sequencing of samples from different A. tsaoko tissues, and identified and characterized the expressed sequence tag-simple sequence repeat (EST-SSR) markers. RESULTS A total of 58,278,226 high-quality clean reads were obtained and de novo assembled to generate 146,911 unigenes with an N50 length of 2002 bp. A total of 128,174 unigenes were successfully annotated by searching seven protein databases, and 496 unigenes were identified as annotated as putative terpenoid biosynthesis-related genes. Furthermore, a total of 55,590 EST-SSR loci were detected, and 42,333 primer pairs were successfully designed. We randomly selected 80 primer pairs to validate their polymorphism in A. tsaoko; 18 of these primer pairs produced distinct, clear, and reproducible polymorphisms. A total of 98 bands and 96 polymorphic bands were amplified by 18 pairs of EST-SSR primers for the 72 A. tsaoko accessions. The Shannon's information index (I) ranged from 0.477 (AM208) to 1.701 (AM242) with an average of 1.183, and the polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0.223 (AM208) to 0.779 (AM247) with an average of 0.580, indicating that these markers had a high level of polymorphism. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated relatively low genetic differentiation among the six A. tsaoko populations. Cross-species amplification showed that 14 of the 18 EST-SSR primer pairs have transferability between 11 Zingiberaceae species. CONCLUSIONS Our study is the first to provide transcriptome data of this important medicinal and edible crop, and these newly developed EST-SSR markers are a very efficient tool for germplasm evaluation, genetic diversity, and molecular marker-assisted selection in A. tsaoko.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengli Ma
- Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Characteristic Biological Resources in Southern Yunnan, Honghe University, Mengzi, 661199, China
| | - Hengling Meng
- Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Characteristic Biological Resources in Southern Yunnan, Honghe University, Mengzi, 661199, China
| | - En Lei
- College of Biological and Agricultural Sciences, Honghe University, Mengzi, 661199, China
| | - Tiantao Wang
- College of Biological and Agricultural Sciences, Honghe University, Mengzi, 661199, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Characteristic Biological Resources in Southern Yunnan, Honghe University, Mengzi, 661199, China
- College of Biological and Agricultural Sciences, Honghe University, Mengzi, 661199, China
| | - Bingyue Lu
- Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Characteristic Biological Resources in Southern Yunnan, Honghe University, Mengzi, 661199, China.
- College of Biological and Agricultural Sciences, Honghe University, Mengzi, 661199, China.
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Chen R, Liu Y, Chen S, Wang M, Zhu Y, Hu T, Wei Q, Yin X, Xie T. Protein Engineering of a Germacrene A Synthase From Lactuca sativa and Its Application in High Productivity of Germacrene A in Escherichia coli. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:932966. [PMID: 36035671 PMCID: PMC9403833 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.932966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Germacrene A (GA) is a key intermediate for the synthesis of medicinal active compounds, especially for β-elemene, which is a broad-spectrum anticancer drug. The production of sufficient GA in the microbial platform is vital for the precursors supply of active compounds. In this study, Escherichia coli BL21 Star (DE3) was used as the host and cultivated in SBMSN medium, obtaining a highest yield of FPP. The GA synthase from Lactuca sativa (LTC2) exhibited the highest level of GA production. Secondly, two residues involved in product release (T410 and T392) were substituted with Ser and Ala, respectively, responsible for relatively higher activities. Next, substitution of selected residues S243 with Asn caused an increase in activity. Furthermore, I364K-T410S and T392A-T410S were created by combination with the beneficial mutation, and they demonstrated dramatically enhanced titers with 1.90-fold and per-cell productivity with 5.44-fold, respectively. Finally, the production titer of GA reached 126.4 mg/L, and the highest productivity was 7.02 mg/L.h by the I364K-T410S mutant in a shake-flask batch culture after fermentation for 18 h. To our knowledge, the productivity of the I364K-T410S mutant is the highest level ever reported. These results highlight a promising method for the industrial production of GA in E. coli, and lay a foundation for pathway reconstruction and the production of valuable natural sesquiterpenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tianyuan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiuhui Wei
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaopu Yin
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tian Xie
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
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Wei Q, Liu Y, Lan K, Wei X, Hu T, Chen R, Zhao S, Yin X, Xie T. Identification and Analysis of MYB Gene Family for Discovering Potential Regulators Responding to Abiotic Stresses in Curcuma wenyujin. Front Genet 2022; 13:894928. [PMID: 35547255 PMCID: PMC9081655 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.894928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
MYB superfamily is one of the most abundant families in plants, and plays critical role in plant growth, development, metabolism regulation, and stress response. Curcuma wenyujin is the main source plant of three traditional Chinese medicines, which are widely used in clinical treatment due to its diverse pharmacological activities. In present study, 88 CwMYBs were identified and analyzed in C. wenyujin, including 43 MYB-related genes, 42 R2R3-MYB genes, two 3R-MYB genes, and one 4R-MYB gene. Forty-three MYB-related proteins were classified into several types based on conserved domains and specific motifs, including CCA1-like type, R-R type, Myb-CC type, GARP-like type, and TBR-like type. The analysis of motifs in MYB DBD and no-MYB regions revealed the relevance of protein structure and function. Comparative phylogeny analysis divided 42 R2R3-MYB proteins into 19 subgroups and provided a reference for understanding the functions of some CwMYBs based on orthologs of previously characterized MYBs. Expression profile analysis of CwMYB genes revealed the differentially expressed genes responding to various abiotic stresses. Four candidate MYB genes were identified by combining the results of phylogeny analysis and expression analysis. CwMYB10, CwMYB18, CwMYB39, and CwMYB41 were significantly induced by cold, NaCl, and MeJA stress treatments. CwMYB18 and CwMYB41 were proved as regulators with activity of transcriptional activation, whereas CwMYB39 and CwMYB10 were not. They may participate in the response to abiotic stresses through different mechanisms in C. wenyujin. This study was the first step toward understanding the CwMYB family and the response to abiotic stresses in C. wenyujin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuhui Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuyang Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kaer Lan
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tianyuan Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rong Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shujuan Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaopu Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tian Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
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Chen R, Hu T, Wang M, Hu Y, Chen S, Wei Q, Yin X, Xie T. Functional characterization of key polyketide synthases by integrated metabolome and transcriptome analysis on curcuminoid biosynthesis in Curcuma wenyujin. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2022; 7:849-861. [PMID: 35572764 PMCID: PMC9079249 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2022.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Leaf and tuber extracts of Curcuma wenyujin contain a mixture of curcuminoids. However, the curcuminoid constituents and their molecular mechanisms are poorly understood, and the relevant curcumin synthases remain unclear. In this study, we comprehensively compared the metabolite profiles of the leaf and tuber tissues of C. wenyujin. A total of 11 curcuminoid metabolites were identified and exhibited differentially changed contents in the leaf and tuber tissues. An integrated analysis of metabolomic and transcriptomic data revealed the proposed biosynthesis pathway of curcuminoid. Two candidate type Ⅲ polyketide synthases (PKSs) were identified in the metabolically engineering yeasts, indicating that CwPKS1 and CwPKS2 maintained substrate and product specificities. Especially, CwPKS1 is the first type Ⅲ PKS identified to synthesize hydrogenated derivatives of curcuminoid, dihydrocurcumin and tetrehydrocurcumin. Interestingly, the substitution of the glycine at position 219 with aspartic acid (G219D mutant) resulted in the complete inactivation of CwPKS1. Our results provide the first comparative metabolome analysis of C. wenyujin and functionally identified type Ⅲ PKSs, giving valuable information for curcuminoids biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Tianyuan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Ming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Yuhan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Shu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Qiuhui Wei
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Xiaopu Yin
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
- Corresponding author. School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China.
| | - Tian Xie
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
- Corresponding author.
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