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Oweidat A, Kalagara H, Sondekoppam RV. Current concepts and targets for preventing the transition of acute to chronic postsurgical pain. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 2024; 37:588-596. [PMID: 39087396 DOI: 10.1097/aco.0000000000001424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW It is estimated that approximately a third of patients undergoing certain surgeries may report some degree of persistent pain postoperatively. Chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) reduces quality of life, is challenging to treat, and has significant socio-economic impact. RECENT FINDINGS From an epidemiological perspective, factors that predispose patients to the development of CPSP may be considered in relation to the patient, the procedure or, the care environment. Prevention or management of transition from acute to chronic pain often need a multidisciplinary approach beginning early in the preoperative period and continuing beyond surgical admission. The current concepts regarding the role of central and peripheral nervous systems in chronification of pain may provide targets for future therapies but, the current evidence seems to suggest that a multimodal analgesic approach of preventive analgesia along with a continued follow-up and treatment after hospital discharge may hold the key to identify and manage the transitioning of acute to chronic pain. SUMMARY A comprehensive multidisciplinary approach with prior identification of risk factors, minimizing the surgical insult and a culture of utilizing multimodal analgesia and continued surveillance beyond the period of hospitalization is an important step towards reducing the development of chronic pain. A transitional pain service model may accomplish many of these goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeeb Oweidat
- Department of Anesthesia, University of Iowa Healthcare, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Hari Kalagara
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
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van Hout L, Harker MJR, Vriens PWHE, Bökkerink WJV. Identifying postoperative complications after inguinal hernia repair with a smartphone application: a comparative cohort study. Hernia 2024; 28:1265-1274. [PMID: 38506944 PMCID: PMC11296961 DOI: 10.1007/s10029-024-03019-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The Q1.6 Inguinal Hernia application continuously measures patient-reported outcomes (PROs) by sampling experiences through brief, digital and condition-specific questions, utilising micro-moments. This can overcome the limitations of current paper questionnaires and give real-time insight into patient recovery. This exploratory study compares data from the application with retrospective data from electronic medical records (EMRs) to provide information on its accuracy in detecting postoperative complications after inguinal hernia repair. METHODS Patients were asked to use the application in addition to their usual care. The application employs twitch crowdsourcing to gather PROs. Questions from validated and frequently used questionnaires were integrated. A retrospective assessment of EMRs was combined with an additional telephone interview. The primary endpoints were the sensitivity and specificity of the application in detecting chronic postoperative inguinal pain, recurrence and surgical-site infection (SSI). RESULTS A total of 215 patients were analysed. The sensitivity and specificity for detecting chronic postoperative inguinal pain were 100% (95% CI [47.8%, 100%]) and 93.7% (95% CI [88.3%, 97.1%]), respectively. For recurrence, the sensitivity was 77.8% (95% CI [40.0%, 97.2%]), and the specificity was 81.3% (95% CI [75.0%, 86.5%]). For SSI, the sensitivity and specificity were 75.0% (95% CI [19.4%, 99.4%]) and 89.8% (95% CI [84.8%, 93.6%]), respectively. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates satisfactory measurement capabilities of the Q1.6 Inguinal Hernia application for identifying postoperative complications following inguinal hernia repair. However, certain aspects require further improvement, such as addressing error-prone questions, enhancing long-term compliance, and validating (pain) measurements through prospective control data. TRAIL REGISTRATION NUMBER NL7813 (Dutch Trial Registry), 19 May 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- L van Hout
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands.
- Department of Surgery, Hernia Centre Brabant, Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital (ETZ), Tilburg, The Netherlands.
| | - M J R Harker
- Department of Surgery, Radboud University Medical Centre, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - P W H E Vriens
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
- Department of Surgery, Hernia Centre Brabant, Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital (ETZ), Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - W J V Bökkerink
- Department of Surgery, Radboud University Medical Centre, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Yoon SH, Yoon S, Jeong DS, Lee M, Lee E, Cho YJ, Lee HJ. A smart device application for acute pain service in surgical patients at a tertiary hospital in South Korea: a prospective observational feasibility study. Anesth Pain Med (Seoul) 2024; 19:216-226. [PMID: 39069648 PMCID: PMC11317321 DOI: 10.17085/apm.24059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pain assessment and patient education are essential for successful postoperative pain management. However, the provision of personnel for performing these tasks is often insufficient. Recently, attempts have been made to implement smartphone applications for educating and monitoring surgical patients. We developed a smartphone application (app) for postoperative pain management, and conducted a feasibility study. METHODS This single-center prospective observational study included 60 patients aged < 70 years who underwent elective surgery. This study evaluated the SmartAPS application, which offers tools for postoperative pain assessment and educational materials for pain management. The primary outcome was the active usage rate, defined as responding at least twice daily on postoperative days (PODs) 1 and 2. Additionally, we investigated patient satisfaction with the app and educational videos as well as any challenges encountered during use. RESULTS Sixty patients were enrolled in the study and active app use was achieved in 56.7% of them. Response rates peaked at 85.0% for pain intensity and 83.3% for opioid-related side effects at 14:00 on POD 1 but dropped to 56.7% and 58.3%, respectively, at 18:00 on POD 2. Among the patients who responded to the survey regarding the app usage, 84.0% reported satisfaction with the app and 80% found it beneficial for managing postoperative pain. Furthermore, 92.0% did not encounter difficulties using the app, indicating a generally positive user experience. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the utility of the SmartAPS application in acute pain services, highlighting its potential for improving postoperative pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Hyuk Yoon
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Susie Yoon
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Da Som Jeong
- Department of Surgical Nursing, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Minah Lee
- Department of Surgical Nursing, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eunju Lee
- Department of Surgical Nursing, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Jae Cho
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho-Jin Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Thiel B, Blaauboer J, Seesing C, Radmanesh J, Koopman S, Kalkman C, Godfried M. Patient self-reported pain and nausea via smartphone following day care surgery, first year results: An observational cohort study. PLOS DIGITAL HEALTH 2024; 3:e0000342. [PMID: 38985704 PMCID: PMC11236166 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pdig.0000342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Contact with the hospital is usually limited for patients after day care surgery. Dedicated smartphone applications can improve communication and possibly enhance outcomes. The objective of this retrospective study was to evaluate patients' self-reported pain and nausea and assess the success of routine implementation of a smartphone application for outcome reporting. During preoperative assessment, patients were instructed to download and activate the smartphone application to report pain, nausea and to be in contact with the hospital after discharge. Main outcome was the number of patients actively using the smartphone application and the incidence of pain and nausea on postoperative day 1 to 7. In total, 4952 patients were included in the study. A total of 592 (12%) participants downloaded the application, of whom 351 (7%) were active users. A total of 4360 (88%) participants refrained from downloading the application. 56% (2,769) were female, the median age was 46 (18-92), and 4286 (87%) were classified as 1 or 2 American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status (ASA). Postoperative pain was experienced by 174 (76%) of 229 active users on postoperative day (POD) 1 and decreased to 44 (44%) of 100 active users on POD7. Postoperative nausea was experienced by 63 (28%) of 229 active users on POD1 and decreased to 12 (12%) of 100 active users on POD7. Female sex (p .000), socioeconomic status (p .001), and surgical severity (p .001) showed statistically significant differences between active users, non-active users, and non-downloaders. Most patients active with the application experienced pain and nausea on the first and second day after discharge. Only a minority of the patients used the application. Those who used it were satisfied with the possibilities offered to them. Future research should focus on increasing the uptake and effect of this application on the quality of recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bram Thiel
- Department of anaesthesia, OLVG Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jamey Blaauboer
- Faculty of medicine, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Chiem Seesing
- Faculty of medicine, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jamshid Radmanesh
- Department of information technology, OLVG Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Seppe Koopman
- Department of anaesthesia, Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Cor Kalkman
- Department of anaesthesia, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Marc Godfried
- Department of anaesthesia, OLVG Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Jarvis NR, Jarvis T, Morris BE, Verhey EM, Rebecca AM, Howard MA, Teven CM. A Scoping Review of Mobile Apps in Plastic Surgery: Patient Care, Trainee Education, and Professional Development. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2023; 11:e4943. [PMID: 37063506 PMCID: PMC10101243 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000004943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Over the past 10 years, smartphones have become ubiquitous, and mobile apps serve a seemingly endless number of functions in our everyday lives. These functions have entered the realm of plastic surgery, impacting patient care, education, and delivery of services. This article reviews the current uses of plastic surgery mobile apps, app awareness within the plastic surgery community, and the ethical issues surrounding their use in patient care. Methods A scoping review of electronically available literature within PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases was conducted in two waves in November and May 2022. Publications discussing mobile application use in plastic surgery were screened for inclusion. Results Of the 80 nonduplicate publications retrieved, 20 satisfied the inclusion criteria. Articles acquired from the references of these publications were reviewed and summarized when relevant. The average American Society of Plastic Surgeons evidence rating of the publications was 4.2. Applications could be categorized broadly into three categories: patient care and surgical applications, professional development and education, and marketing and practice development. Conclusions Mobile apps related to plastic surgery have become an abundant resource for patients, attending surgeons, and trainees. Many help bridge gaps in patient care and surgeon-patient communication, and facilitate marketing and practice development. Others make educational content more accessible to trainees and performance assessment more efficient and equitable. The extent of their impact on patient decision-making and expectations has not been completely elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tyler Jarvis
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Penn State Health Medical Center, Hershey, Penn
| | - Bryn E. Morris
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Ariz
| | - Erik M. Verhey
- From the Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Scottsdale, Ariz
| | - Alanna M. Rebecca
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Ariz
| | - Michael A. Howard
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Northwestern Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Chad M. Teven
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Northwestern Medicine, Chicago, Ill
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Robin F, Roy M, Kuftedjian A, Perret L, Lavoie F, Castonguay A, Pomey MP, Zaouter C, Pare G. A Medico-Economic Evaluation of a Telehealth platform for elective Outpatient Surgeries: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint). JMIR Res Protoc 2022; 12:e44006. [PMID: 37093634 PMCID: PMC10167590 DOI: 10.2196/44006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The number of elective outpatient surgeries in Canada has increased markedly in the last 10 years. However, unanticipated cancellations on the day of surgery and adverse postoperative events are frequent. Modern technologies have been shown to be of great help in the medical field in improving patient care. Thus, it is likely that dedicated technologies could also significantly improve surgical outpatients' pathways. Therefore, the department of anesthesiology at the University of Montreal Medical Center, in collaboration with LeoMed, a telemedicine platform, has developed a telehealth solution to offer more efficient perioperative support and follow-up for patients undergoing ambulatory surgery. OBJECTIVE The objective is to evaluate the medicoeconomic benefit of a dedicated perioperative telehealth platform for patients undergoing day surgery. Our hypothesis is that this dedicated telecare solution will allow more efficient patient care, which will reduce all types of medical costs related to day surgery pathways. METHODS This study is a single-center, single-blinded, 2-group randomized controlled trial. One thousand patients aged over 18 years with internet access who are scheduled to undergo ambulatory surgery will be enrolled and randomized either to follow a perioperative path that includes a patient-tailored perioperative digital app via the LeoMed telecare platform for 1 month or to follow the standard of care, which does not offer personalized digital support. The primary outcome will be to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of the telecare platform, assessing direct costs from factors such as unanticipated cancellations on the day of surgery due to preoperative instructions not being followed, calls to the local health information line, calls to the provincial health information line, emergency department consultations, unplanned readmissions, or medical visits for problems related to the surgical procedure within the first 30 days after the intervention. The secondary outcome will be to evaluate cost utility using a questionnaire assessing quality-adjusted life years. A blinded independent research team will analyze outcomes. All data will be analyzed according to the intention-to-treat principle. A sample size of 500 subjects in each group was calculated to detect a 21% reduction in postoperative complications with a power of 90%. This study has been approved by the ethics board of Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (University of Montreal Health Centre). No employee of LeoMed was involved in the study conception, and none will be involved in either data collection or analysis. RESULTS Results of this trial will be useful to determine the economic benefit of a telecare platform specifically developed for surgical outpatient pathways. CONCLUSIONS We believe that the deployment of a dedicated perioperative telehealth app will lead to better patient care and fewer postoperative complications, which will lower all types of costs related to surgical outpatient care. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04948632; https://ClinicalTrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04948632. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/44006.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Robin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Anesthesiology, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Research Center, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Maxim Roy
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Anesthesiology, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Research Center, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alexandre Kuftedjian
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Research Center, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Laurelie Perret
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Frédéric Lavoie
- Research Center, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Marie-Pascale Pomey
- Research Center, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- School of Public Health, University of Montreal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Cedrick Zaouter
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Anesthesiology, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Research Center, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Guy Pare
- École des Hautes Études Commerciales, Montréal, QC, Canada
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Compère V, Mauger A, Allard E, Clavier T, Selim J, Besnier E. Incidence of Postoperative Pain at 7 Days After Day Surgery Reported Using a Text Messaging Platform: Retrospective Observational Study. JMIR Perioper Med 2022; 5:e33276. [DOI: 10.2196/33276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
The most frequent complication observed after ambulatory surgery is acute postoperative pain.
Objective
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the late incidence of postoperative pain at 7 days after day surgery.
Methods
We retrospectively included patients who underwent day surgery under general or regional anesthesia and those who underwent local anesthesia in Rouen University Hospital from January 2018 to February 2020. Data collected were moderate-to-severe pain reports defined as numeric rating scale (NRS)>3/10 at 1 day (secondary end point) and 7 days (primary end point) after surgery. These data were collected using a semi-intelligent SMS text messaging platform to follow up with the patient at home after ambulatory surgery. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to analyze the risk factors for pain.
Results
We analyzed 6099 patients. On the day after the surgery, 5.2% (318/6099) of the patients presented with moderate-to-severe pain: 5.9% (248/4187) in the general or regional anesthesia group and 3.7% (70/1912) in the local anesthesia group. At 7 days after the surgery, 18.6% (1135/6099) of the patients presented with moderate-to-severe pain, including 21.3% (892/4187) of the patients in the general or regional anesthesia group and 12.7% (243/1912) of the patients in the local anesthesia group. General surgery (odds ratio [OR] 1.54, 95% CI 1.23-1.92; P<.01) and orthopedic surgery (OR 1.66, 95% CI 1.42-1.94; P<.01) were associated with more late postoperative pain risk. Male gender (OR 0.66, 95% CI 0.57-0.76; P<.01), ophthalmology surgery (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.42-0.62; P<.01), and gynecologic surgery (OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.50-0.88; P=.01) were associated with less late postoperative pain risk. The rate of emergency consultation or rehospitalization at 7 days after the surgery was 11.1% (679/6099). Late postoperative pain (OR 2.54, 95% CI 1.98-3.32; P<.001), general surgery (OR 2.15, 95% CI 1.65-2.81; P<.001), and urology surgery (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.06-2.43; P=.02) increased the risk of emergency consultation or rehospitalization. Orthopedic surgery (OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.63-0.99; P=.04) and electroconvulsive therapy (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.27-0.65; P<.001) were associated with less rates of emergency consultation or rehospitalization.
Conclusions
Our study shows that postoperative pain at 7 days after ambulatory surgery was reported in more than 18% of the cases, which was also associated with an increase in the emergency consultation or rehospitalization rates.
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Browne JD, Vaninetti M, Giard D, Kostas K, Dave A. Evaluation of a Mobile Application for Chronic Low Back Pain Management: Prospective Pilot Study (Preprint). JMIR Form Res 2022; 6:e40869. [PMID: 36227637 PMCID: PMC9614628 DOI: 10.2196/40869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic low back pain is challenging to manage due to multidisciplinary considerations. It has substantial socioeconomic impacts and cannot be simply treated with pharmacotherapy, nonsurgical intervention, or spine surgery. Medical consensus recommends optimizing conservative self-management therapies (eg, home exercise, wellness strategies, yoga, etc) as first-line treatment options for chronic low back pain. However, access to these modalities is often limited and secondary to cost, convenience, and ease of use. Mobile health apps have emerged as a cost-effective and accessible option for chronic low back pain self-management. Established in-person pain programs can provide the structure for an optimal mobile app adaptation. PainNavigator (PainNavigator, Inc) is an example of a mobile app that is based on an Ascension-Illinois group–based pain program—Pain Rehabilitation Outpatient-Camp. Objective This was a prospective pilot clinical trial that evaluated the PainNavigator platform’s utility in low back pain management to inform future trial development. Methods A total of 75 participants who used PainNavigator were studied. Pain, Enjoyment, and General Activity (PEG-3) scale scores and scores from a brief anxiety and depression scale based on the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) were obtained at baseline and following program completion. The PEG-3 total score was used, in addition to individual items—Average Pain, Pain Effect on Enjoyment, and Pain Effect on Activity. The PHQ-4 total score was also used, in addition to other individual items, including Felt Depressed, Loss of Interest, Felt Anxious, and Difficult to Control Worry. Paired sample t tests (2-tailed) compared mean differences in scores from before and after participants received the intervention. Results The analysis found that PEG-3 (n=27) and PHQ-4 (n=27) total scores were significantly lower upon the completion of PainNavigator (P<.001 and P=.001, respectively). The findings showed a 36% reduction in PEG-3 total scores, a 40% reduction in pain intensity, and a 40% reduction in PHQ-4 total scores. Scores for individual PEG-3 scale and PHQ-4 items also significantly decreased. All PEG-3 measures had large effect sizes. The PHQ-4 total score and Difficult to Control Worry item had large effect sizes, while the other three measures had medium effect sizes. Conclusions These findings show that PainNavigator has clinical significance in managing chronic low back pain and can be easily utilized to improve patient care. All PEG-3 scale and PHQ-4 measures significantly improved following the use of the platform, supporting the multidimensional, biopsychosocial approach to low back pain management. Differences in effect sizes may inform quality improvement investigations, such as optimizing features that impact measures with only medium effect sizes. This feasibility study demonstrates an effective protocol, and it will inform future, more extensive randomized controlled trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan D Browne
- School of Medicine, California University of Science and Medicine, Colton, CA, United States
| | - Michael Vaninetti
- Center for Pain Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - David Giard
- College of Psychology, California Northstate University, Rancho Cordova, CA, United States
| | - Konstantinos Kostas
- Ascension Illinois, Alexian Brothers Medical Center, Elk Grove Village, IL, United States
| | - Ankur Dave
- Ascension Illinois, Alexian Brothers Medical Center, Elk Grove Village, IL, United States
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Forget P, Dahlberg K. Is multi-source feedback the future of perioperative medicine? Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med 2021; 40:100886. [PMID: 33971371 DOI: 10.1016/j.accpm.2021.100886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrice Forget
- Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Epidemiology Group, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen; Department of Anaesthesia, NHS Grampian, Foresterhill, AB25 2ZD Aberdeen, United Kingdom.
| | - Karuna Dahlberg
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
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