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Voicu ME, Golgovici F, Prodana M, Draganescu D, Demetrescu I. Advanced Procedure of Simultaneous Electrodeposition from a Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent of a Drug and a Polymer Used to Improve TiZr Alloy Behavior. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:4387. [PMID: 37374570 DOI: 10.3390/ma16124387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents research about the embedding and release of gentamicin from an electrochemical deposition of polypyrrole from ionic liquids such as choline chloride on TiZr bioalloy. The electrodeposited films were morphologically investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with an EDX module, and polypyrrole and gentamicin were both identified using structural FT-IR analysis. The film's characterization was completed with an evaluation of hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance, with electrochemical stability measurements in PBS and with antibacterial inhibition. A decrease in the value of the contact angle was observed from 47.06° in the case of the uncoated sample to 8.63° in the case of the sample covered with PPy and GS. Additionally, an improvement in the anticorrosive properties of the coating was observed by increasing the efficiency to 87.23% in the case of TiZr-PPy-GS. A kinetic study of drug release was performed as well. The drug molecule might be provided by the PPy-GS coatings for up to 144 h. The highest amount released was calculated to be 90% of the entire drug reservoir capacity, demonstrating the effectiveness of the coatings. A non-Fickian behavior was established as a mechanism for the release profiles of the gentamicin from the polymer layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Elena Voicu
- Department of General Chemistry, University Politechnica of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei Street, No. 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Florentina Golgovici
- Department of General Chemistry, University Politechnica of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei Street, No. 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mariana Prodana
- Department of General Chemistry, University Politechnica of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei Street, No. 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Doina Draganescu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Physics and Informatics, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioana Demetrescu
- Department of General Chemistry, University Politechnica of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei Street, No. 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 3 Ilfov, 050094 Bucharest, Romania
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2
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He Y, Gao Y, Ma Q, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Song W. Nanotopographical cues for regulation of macrophages and osteoclasts: emerging opportunities for osseointegration. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:510. [PMID: 36463225 PMCID: PMC9719660 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01721-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotopographical cues of bone implant surface has direct influences on various cell types during the establishment of osseointegration, a prerequisite of implant bear-loading. Given the important roles of monocyte/macrophage lineage cells in bone regeneration and remodeling, the regulation of nanotopographies on macrophages and osteoclasts has arisen considerable attentions recently. However, compared to osteoblastic cells, how nanotopographies regulate macrophages and osteoclasts has not been properly summarized. In this review, the roles and interactions of macrophages, osteoclasts and osteoblasts at different stages of bone healing is firstly presented. Then, the diversity and preparation methods of nanotopographies are summarized. Special attentions are paid to the regulation characterizations of nanotopographies on macrophages polarization and osteoclast differentiation, as well as the focal adhesion-cytoskeleton mediated mechanism. Finally, an outlook is indicated of coordinating nanotopographies, macrophages and osteoclasts to achieve better osseointegration. These comprehensive discussions may not only help to guide the optimization of bone implant surface nanostructures, but also provide an enlightenment to the osteoimmune response to external implant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yide He
- grid.233520.50000 0004 1761 4404State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 China
| | - Yuanxue Gao
- grid.233520.50000 0004 1761 4404State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 China
| | - Qianli Ma
- grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Xige Zhang
- grid.233520.50000 0004 1761 4404State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi Xi’an, 710032 China
| | - Yumei Zhang
- grid.233520.50000 0004 1761 4404State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 China
| | - Wen Song
- grid.233520.50000 0004 1761 4404State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 China
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Titania nanospikes activate macrophage phagocytosis by ligand-independent contact stimulation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12250. [PMID: 35851278 PMCID: PMC9293906 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16214-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage phagocytosis is an important research target to combat various inflammatory or autoimmune diseases; however, the phenomenon has never been controlled by artificial means. Titania nanospikes created by alkaline etching treatment can tune macrophage polarization toward a M1-like type and might regulate macrophage phagocytosis. This in vitro study aimed to determine whether the two-dimensional titania nanosurfaces created by alkaline etching treatment activated the macrophage phagocytosis by nanospike-mediated contact stimulation. On two-dimensional pure titanium sheets, alkaline etching treatments with different protocols created superhydrophilic nanosurfaces with hydroxyl function groups and moderate or dense nanospikes. Both types of titania nanosurfaces promoted the phagocytic activity of the mouse macrophage-like cell line, J774A.1, through upregulation of M1 polarization markers and phagocytosis-related receptors, such as toll-like receptors (TLR2 and 4). In contrast, the hydrophobic smooth or micro-roughened titanium surfaces did not activate macrophage phagocytosis or the expression of related receptors. These phenomena remained unchanged even under the antibody blockade of macrophage TLR2 but were either suppressed or augmented for each surface excited by ultraviolet irradiation. Titania nanospikes induced paxillin expression and provided physical stimuli to macrophages, the extent of which was positively correlated with TLR expression levels. Ligand stimulation with lipopolysaccharide did not upregulate macrophage TLR expression but further enhanced M1 marker expression by titania nanosurfaces. These results showed that the two-dimensional titania nanosurfaces activated macrophage phagocytosis by enhancing expression of phagocytosis-related receptors through nanospike-mediated contact stimulation, in assistance with physical surface properties, in a ligand-independent manner.
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Simultaneously Embedding Indomethacin and Electrodeposition of Polypyrrole on Various CoCr Alloys from Ionic Liquids. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15134714. [PMID: 35806838 PMCID: PMC9267949 DOI: 10.3390/ma15134714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present investigation is the electrochemical deposition of polypyrrole films from choline chloride-based ionic liquids at various potential, period times and simultaneously an indomethacin embedding and release. The electrodeposition films were performed on CoCr commercial type Wirobond C (WBC) and, Heraenium CE (Hera) using as electroprocedures for deposition cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry. The morphology of obtained films was investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). An FT-IR investigation of CoCr alloys before and after electrodeposition was able to identify the presence of polymer and drug. The research included an evaluation of the hydrophilic character of all studied samples and their electrochemical characterization in Tanni Zuchi artificial saliva. In the electrochemical study, the following methods have been used: open circuit potential, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic polarization. Indomethacin release from the polymeric film was determined using UV-VIS spectra. Based on Fick’s law of diffusion and indomethacin release profile, a kinetic law for release was established and discussed.
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Oirschot BV, zhang Y, Alghamdi HS, cordeiro JM, nagay B, barão VA, de avila ED, van den Beucken J. Surface engineering for dental implantology: favoring tissue responses along the implant
. Tissue Eng Part A 2022; 28:555-572. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2021.0230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bart van Oirschot
- Radboudumc Department of Dentistry, 370502, Regenerative Biomaterials, Nijmegen, Gelderland, Netherlands,
| | - yang zhang
- Shenzhen University, 47890, School of Stomatology, Health Science Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China,
| | - Hamdan S Alghamdi
- King Saud University College of Dentistry, 204573, Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,
| | - jairo m cordeiro
- UNICAMP, 28132, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, Campinas, SP, Brazil,
| | - bruna nagay
- UNICAMP, 28132, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, Campinas, SP, Brazil,
| | - valentim ar barão
- UNICAMP, 28132, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, Campinas, SP, Brazil,
| | - erica dorigatti de avila
- UNESP, 28108, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil,
| | - Jeroen van den Beucken
- Radboudumc Department of Dentistry, 370502, Regenerative Biomaterials, Nijmegen, Gelderland, Netherlands,
- RU RIMLS, 59912, Nijmegen, Gelderland, Netherlands,
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Macrophage-like Cells Are Responsive to Titania Nanotube Intertube Spacing-An In Vitro Study. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073558. [PMID: 35408918 PMCID: PMC8998567 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
With the introduction of a new interdisciplinary field, osteoimmunology, today, it is well acknowledged that biomaterial-induced inflammation is modulated by immune cells, primarily macrophages, and can be controlled by nanotopographical cues. Recent studies have investigated the effect of surface properties in modulating the immune reaction, and literature data indicate that various surface cues can dictate both the immune response and bone tissue repair. In this context, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of titanium dioxide nanotube (TNT) interspacing on the response of the macrophage-like cell line RAW 264.7. The cells were maintained in contact with the surfaces of flat titanium (Ti) and anodic TNTs with an intertube spacing of 20 nm (TNT20) and 80 nm (TNT80), under standard or pro-inflammatory conditions. The results revealed that nanotube interspacing can influence macrophage response in terms of cell survival and proliferation, cellular morphology and polarization, cytokine/chemokine expression, and foreign body reaction. While the nanostructured topography did not tune the macrophages’ differentiation into osteoclasts, this behavior was significantly reduced as compared to flat Ti surface. Overall, this study provides a new insight into how nanotubes’ morphological features, particularly intertube spacing, could affect macrophage behavior.
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Abaricia JO, Farzad N, Heath TJ, Simmons J, Morandini L, Olivares-Navarrete R. Control of innate immune response by biomaterial surface topography, energy, and stiffness. Acta Biomater 2021; 133:58-73. [PMID: 33882355 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
As the focus of implantable biomaterials has shifted from bioinert implants to bioactive designs, recent research has highlighted the complex interactions between cell physiologic systems and material properties, particularly physical cues. From the cells known to interact with implanted biomaterials, the response of the immune system has been a critical target of study recently. Here, we review studies characterizing the response of innate immune cells to various material cues, particularly of those at the surface of implanted materials.The innate immune system consists of cell types with various roles in inflammation. Neutrophils and macrophages serve both phagocytic and signaling roles, especially early in the inflammatory phase of biomaterial implantation. These cell types ultimately dictate the outcome of implants as chronic inflammation, fibrosis, or integration. Other cell types like dendritic cells, mast cells, natural killer cells, and innate lymphoid cells may also serve an immunomodulatory role in the biomaterial context. This review highlights recent advances in our understanding of the role of innate immunity in the response to implantable biomaterials as well as key mechanobiological findings in innate immune cells underpinning these advances. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This review highlights recent advances in the understanding of the role of innate immunity in the response to implantable biomaterials, especially in neutrophils and macrophages, as well as key mechanobiological findings in innate immune cells underpinning these advances. Here we discuss how physicochemical properties of biomaterials control innate immune cell behavior.
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Anodic TiO 2 Nanotubes: Tailoring Osteoinduction via Drug Delivery. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11092359. [PMID: 34578675 PMCID: PMC8466263 DOI: 10.3390/nano11092359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
TiO2 nanostructures and more specifically nanotubes have gained significant attention in biomedical applications, due to their controlled nanoscale topography in the sub-100 nm range, high surface area, chemical resistance, and biocompatibility. Here we review the crucial aspects related to morphology and properties of TiO2 nanotubes obtained by electrochemical anodization of titanium for the biomedical field. Following the discussion of TiO2 nanotopographical characterization, the advantages of anodic TiO2 nanotubes will be introduced, such as their high surface area controlled by the morphological parameters (diameter and length), which provides better adsorption/linkage of bioactive molecules. We further discuss the key interactions with bone-related cells including osteoblast and stem cells in in vitro cell culture conditions, thus evaluating the cell response on various nanotubular structures. In addition, the synergistic effects of electrical stimulation on cells for enhancing bone formation combining with the nanoscale environmental cues from nanotopography will be further discussed. The present review also overviews the current state of drug delivery applications using TiO2 nanotubes for increased osseointegration and discusses the advantages, drawbacks, and prospects of drug delivery applications via these anodic TiO2 nanotubes.
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Negrescu AM, Cimpean A. The State of the Art and Prospects for Osteoimmunomodulatory Biomaterials. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:1357. [PMID: 33799681 PMCID: PMC7999637 DOI: 10.3390/ma14061357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The critical role of the immune system in host defense against foreign bodies and pathogens has been long recognized. With the introduction of a new field of research called osteoimmunology, the crosstalk between the immune and bone-forming cells has been studied more thoroughly, leading to the conclusion that the two systems are intimately connected through various cytokines, signaling molecules, transcription factors and receptors. The host immune reaction triggered by biomaterial implantation determines the in vivo fate of the implant, either in new bone formation or in fibrous tissue encapsulation. The traditional biomaterial design consisted in fabricating inert biomaterials capable of stimulating osteogenesis; however, inconsistencies between the in vitro and in vivo results were reported. This led to a shift in the development of biomaterials towards implants with osteoimmunomodulatory properties. By endowing the orthopedic biomaterials with favorable osteoimmunomodulatory properties, a desired immune response can be triggered in order to obtain a proper bone regeneration process. In this context, various approaches, such as the modification of chemical/structural characteristics or the incorporation of bioactive molecules, have been employed in order to modulate the crosstalk with the immune cells. The current review provides an overview of recent developments in such applied strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anisoara Cimpean
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania;
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Assessing the Functional Properties of TiZr Nanotubular Structures for Biomedical Applications, through Nano-Scratch Tests and Adhesion Force Maps. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26040900. [PMID: 33572061 PMCID: PMC7915069 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work we present the results of a functional properties assessment via Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)-based surface morphology, surface roughness, nano-scratch tests and adhesion force maps of TiZr-based nanotubular structures. The nanostructures have been electrochemically prepared in a glycerin + 15 vol.% H2O + 0.2 M NH4F electrolyte. The AFM topography images confirmed the successful preparation of the nanotubular coatings. The Root Mean Square (RMS) and average (Ra) roughness parameters increased after anodizing, while the mean adhesion force value decreased. The prepared nanocoatings exhibited a smaller mean scratch hardness value compared to the un-coated TiZr. However, the mean hardness (H) values of the coatings highlight their potential in having reliable mechanical resistances, which along with the significant increase of the surface roughness parameters, which could help in improving the osseointegration, and also with the important decrease of the mean adhesion force, which could lead to a reduction in bacterial adhesion, are providing the nanostructures with a great potential to be used as a better alternative for Ti implants in dentistry.
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Pantazi A, Vardaki M, Mihai G, Totea G, Demetrescu I, Enachescu M. Nanomechanical properties of zirconium anodized in a mixture of electrolytes with fluoride ions. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 112:104084. [PMID: 32949866 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.104084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The present work introduces nanostructured Zr as a possible choice of metallic implant biomaterial in competition with titanium and its new alloys. The paper reports on the preparation of anodized zirconium in a mixture of electrolytes with fluoride ions, 1 M (NH4)2SO4 + 0.15 M NH4F + distilled water, at 20 V. The obtained nanostructures were investigated by SEM, EDX, XRD and AFM techniques. The SEM - EDX longitudinal and cross sectional analysis revealed the morphology of the formed oxide layers and their thicknesses, which were found to be 7.45 ± 0.18 μm. The mean nanopores' diameter was calculated as 15.8 ± 3.3 nm. The XRD investigations enabled the evaluation of crystallite sizes and texture coefficients for zirconium and zirconium oxide containing samples. The inhibition effect against Escherichia coli and Streptococcus Aureus bacteria was evaluated and discussed as well. The AFM studies revealed that the nano-porous Zr has similar hardness parameter as the uncoated Zr, but lower surface adhesion force that could be translated into improved properties in terms of antimicrobial effects, as confirmed by its inhibition index, which makes it a very promising material for bio-medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Pantazi
- Center for Surface Science and Nanotechnology, University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Maria Vardaki
- Center for Surface Science and Nanotechnology, University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Geanina Mihai
- Center for Surface Science and Nanotechnology, University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Georgeta Totea
- Laboralex Laboratoriom of Analysis Buftea Hospital, Romania
| | - Ioana Demetrescu
- General Chemistry Department University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, 1-7 Polizu Str., 011061, Bucharest, Romania; Academy of Romanian Scientists, 54 Spaiul Independentei, 050094, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Marius Enachescu
- Center for Surface Science and Nanotechnology, University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042, Bucharest, Romania; Academy of Romanian Scientists, 54 Spaiul Independentei, 050094, Bucharest, Romania.
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Influence of Two-Stage Anodization on Properties of the Oxide Coatings on the Ti–13Nb–13Zr Alloy. COATINGS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings10080707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The increasing demand for titanium and its alloys used for implants results in the need for innovative surface treatments that may both increase corrosion resistance and biocompatibility and demonstrate antibacterial protection at no cytotoxicity. The purpose of this research was to characterize the effect of two-stage anodization—performed for 30 min in phosphoric acid—in the presence of hydrofluoric acid in the second stage. Scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy, nanoindentation and nano-scratch tests, potentiodynamic corrosion studies, and water contact angle measurements were performed to characterize microstructure, mechanical, chemical and physical properties. The biologic examinations were carried out to determine the cytotoxicity and antibacterial effects of oxide coatings. The research results demonstrate that two-stage oxidation affects several features and, in particular, improves mechanical and chemical behavior. The processes influencing the formation and properties of the oxide coating are discussed.
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The Trends of TiZr Alloy Research as a Viable Alternative for Ti and Ti16 Zr Roxolid Dental Implants. COATINGS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings10040422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Despite many discussions about Ti versus Zr, Ti remains the golden standard for dental implants. With the extended use of implants, their rejection in peri-implantitis due to material properties is going to be an important part of oral health problems. Extended use of implants leading to a statistical increase in implant rejection associated with peri-implantitis raises concerns in selecting better implant materials. In this context, starting in the last decade, investigation and use of TiZr alloys as alternatives for Ti in oral dentistry became increasingly more viable. Based on existing new results for Ti16Zr (Roxolid) implants and Ti50Zr alloy behaviour in oral environments, this paper presents the trends of research concerning the electrochemical stability, mechanical, and biological properties of this alloy with treated and untreated surfaces. The surface treatments were mostly performed by anodizing the alloy in various conditions as a non-sophisticated and cheap procedure, leading to nanostructures such as nanopores and nanotubes. The drug loading and release from nanostructured Ti50Zr as an important perspective in oral implant applications is discussed and promoted as well.
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14
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Stoian AB, Demetrescu I, Ionita D. Nanotubes and nano pores with chitosan construct on TiZr serving as drug reservoir. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 185:110535. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Necula MG, Mazare A, Ion RN, Ozkan S, Park J, Schmuki P, Cimpean A. Lateral Spacing of TiO 2 Nanotubes Modulates Osteoblast Behavior. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 12:E2956. [PMID: 31547276 PMCID: PMC6766216 DOI: 10.3390/ma12182956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotube coated substrates have revolutionized the concept of implant in a number of ways, being endowed with superior osseointegration properties and local drug delivery capacity. While accumulating reports describe the influence of nanotube diameter on cell behavior, little is known about the effects of nanotube lateral spacing on cells involved in bone regeneration. In this context, in the present study the MC3T3-E1 murine pre-osteoblast cells behavior has been investigated by using TiO2 nanotubes of ~78 nm diameter and lateral spacing of 18 nm and 80 nm, respectively. Both nanostructured surfaces supported cell viability and proliferation in approximately equal extent. However, obvious differences in the cell spreading areas, morphologies, the organization of the actin cytoskeleton and the pattern of the focal adhesions were noticed. Furthermore, investigation of the pre-osteoblast differentiation potential indicated a higher capacity of larger spacing nanostructure to enhance the expression of the alkaline phosphatase, osteopontin and osteocalcin osteoblast specific markers inducing osteogenic differentiation. These findings provide the proof that lateral spacing of the TiO2 nanotube coated titanium (Ti) surfaces has to be considered in designing bone implants with improved biological performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madalina Georgiana Necula
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Anca Mazare
- Department of Materials Science WW4-LKO, Friedrich-Alexander University, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Raluca Nicoleta Ion
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Selda Ozkan
- Department of Materials Science WW4-LKO, Friedrich-Alexander University, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Jung Park
- Division of Molecular Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Patrik Schmuki
- Department of Materials Science WW4-LKO, Friedrich-Alexander University, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Anisoara Cimpean
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania.
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Demetrescu I, Dumitriu C, Totea G, Nica CI, Dinischiotu A, Ionita D. Zwitterionic Cysteine Drug Coating Influence in Functionalization of Implantable Ti50Zr Alloy for Antibacterial, Biocompatibility and Stability Properties. Pharmaceutics 2018; 10:E220. [PMID: 30413075 PMCID: PMC6321039 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics10040220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The present paper aims atincreasing the bioperformance of implantable Ti50Zr alloy using zwitterionic cysteine drug coating. Aspects such as stability, biocompatibility, and antibacterial effects were investigated with the help of various methods such as infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), electrochemical methods, contact angle determinations and cell response. The experimental data of zwitterionic cysteine coating indicate the existence of a hydration layer due to hydrophilic groups evidenced in FT-IR which is responsible for the decrease of contact angle and antibacterial capabilities. The electrochemical stability was evaluatedbased on Tafel plots and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The cell response to cysteine was determined with gingival fibroblasts measuring lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, concentrations of nitric oxide (NO) and intracellular level of reactive oxygen species (ROS). All experimental results supported the increase of stability and better cells response of implantable Ti50Zr alloy coated with zwitterionic cysteine drug. The antibacterial index was measured against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. It was demonstrated that the coating enhanced the production of intracellular ROS in time, which subsequently caused a significant increase in antibacterial index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Demetrescu
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science POLITEHNICAof Bucharest, Romania Str. Polizu1-7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania.
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, Romania Str. Polizu1-7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania.
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Spaiul Independentei 54, 050094 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Cristina Dumitriu
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science POLITEHNICAof Bucharest, Romania Str. Polizu1-7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Georgeta Totea
- Buftea, M. Burghele Hospital, Studiolului 5, 070000 Buftea, Romania.
| | - Cristina I Nica
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Spl. Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Anca Dinischiotu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Spl. Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Daniela Ionita
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science POLITEHNICAof Bucharest, Romania Str. Polizu1-7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania.
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, Romania Str. Polizu1-7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania.
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Wu D, Tian Y, Zhang L, Wang Z, Sheng J, Wang W, Zhou K, Liu L. Optimal Design of High-Strength Ti‒Al‒V‒Zr Alloys through a Combinatorial Approach. MATERIALS 2018; 11:ma11091603. [PMID: 30181434 PMCID: PMC6164444 DOI: 10.3390/ma11091603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The influence of various Zr contents (0–45 wt.%) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti6Al4V alloy was investigated through a combinatorial approach. The diffusion multiples of Ti6Al4V–Ti6Al4V20Fe–Ti6Al4V20Cr–Ti6Al4V20Mo–Ti6Al4V45Zr were manufactured and diffusion-annealed to obtain a large composition space. Scanning electron microscopy, electron probe micro-analysis, and a microhardness system were combined to determine the relationships among the composition, microstructure, and hardness of these alloys. The Ti–6Al–4V–30Zr alloy was found to contain the thinnest α lath and showed peak hardness. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscope results indicated that after quenching from the β-field, the metastable α″-phase formed; moreover, at the secondary aging stage, the metastable α″-phase acted as precursor nucleation sites for the stable α-phase. The bulk Ti6Al4V30Zr alloy was manufactured. After aging at 550 °C, the alloy showed excellent balance of strength and ductility, and the tensile strength was 1464 MPa with a moderate elongation (8.3%). As the aging temperature increased, the tensile strength and yield strength of the alloys rose, but the total elongation decreased. The lamella thickness and volume fraction of the α-phase were the major factors that had great impacts on the mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Yueyan Tian
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Ligang Zhang
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
- Key Laboratory of Non-Ferrous Metallic Materials Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Jinwen Sheng
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Wanlin Wang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Kechao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Libin Liu
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
- Key Laboratory of Non-Ferrous Metallic Materials Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410083, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Changsha 410083, China.
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Nanochannelar Topography Positively Modulates Osteoblast Differentiation and Inhibits Osteoclastogenesis. COATINGS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings8090294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Based on previously reported findings showing reduced foreign body reactions on nanochannelar topography formed on TiZr alloy, this study explores the in vitro effects of such a nanostructured surface on cells relevant for implant osseointegration, namely osteoblasts and osteoclasts. We show that such nanochannelar surfaces sustain adhesion and proliferation of mouse pre-osteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells and enhance their osteogenic differentiation. Moreover, this specific nanotopography inhibits nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL)-mediated osteoclastogenesis. The nanochannels’ dual mode of action on the bone-derived cells could contribute to an enhanced bone formation around the bone implants. Therefore, these results warrant further investigation for nanochannels’ use as surface coatings of medical implant materials.
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Riboni F, Nguyen NT, So S, Schmuki P. Aligned metal oxide nanotube arrays: key-aspects of anodic TiO 2 nanotube formation and properties. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2016; 1:445-466. [PMID: 32260709 DOI: 10.1039/c6nh00054a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Over the past ten years, self-aligned TiO2 nanotubes have attracted tremendous scientific and technological interest due to their anticipated impact on energy conversion, environment remediation and biocompatibility. In the present manuscript, we review fundamental principles that govern the self-organized initiation of anodic TiO2 nanotubes. We start with the fundamental question: why is self-organization taking place? We illustrate the inherent key mechanistic aspects that lead to tube growth in various different morphologies, such as ripple-walled tubes, smooth tubes, stacks and bamboo-type tubes, and importantly the formation of double-walled TiO2 nanotubes versus single-walled tubes, and the drastic difference in their physical and chemical properties. We show how both double- and single-walled tube layers can be detached from the metallic substrate and exploited for the preparation of robust self-standing membranes. Finally, we show how by selecting specific growth approaches to TiO2 nanotubes desired functional features can be significantly improved, e.g., enhanced electron mobility, intrinsic doping, or crystallization into pure anatase at high temperatures can be achieved. Finally, we briefly outline the impact of property, modifications and morphology on functional uses of self-organized nanotubes for most important applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Riboni
- Department of Materials Science WW4-LKO, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Martensstrasse 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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Neacsu P, Mazare A, Schmuki P, Cimpean A. Attenuation of the macrophage inflammatory activity by TiO₂ nanotubes via inhibition of MAPK and NF-κB pathways. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:6455-67. [PMID: 26491301 PMCID: PMC4608594 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s92019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomaterial implantation in a living tissue triggers the activation of macrophages in inflammatory events, promoting the transcription of pro-inflammatory mediator genes. The initiation of macrophage inflammatory processes is mainly regulated by signaling proteins of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and by nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) pathways. We have previously shown that titania nanotubes modified Ti surfaces (Ti/TiO2) mitigate the immune response, compared with flat Ti surfaces; however, little is known regarding the underlying mechanism. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the mechanism(s) by which this nanotopography attenuates the inflammatory activity of macrophages. Thus, we analyzed the effects of TiO2 nanotubes on the activation of MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways in standard and lipopolysaccharide-evoked conditions. Results showed that the Ti/TiO2 significantly reduce the expression levels of the phosphorylated forms of p38, ERK1/2, c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK), IKKβ, and IkB-α. Furthermore, a significant reduction in the p65 nuclear accumulation on the nanotubular surface was remarked. Following, by using specific MAPK inhibitors, we observed that lipopolysaccharide-induced production of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and nitric oxide was significantly inhibited on the Ti/TiO2 surface via p38 and ERK1/2, but not via JNK. However, the selective inhibitor for JNK signaling pathway (SP600125) was effective in reducing tumor necrosis factor alpha release as well as monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and nitric oxide production. Altogether, these data suggest that titania nanotubes can attenuate the macrophage inflammatory response via suppression of MAPK and NF-κB pathways providing a potential mechanism for their anti-inflammatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Neacsu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anca Mazare
- Department of Materials Science, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Patrik Schmuki
- Department of Materials Science, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anisoara Cimpean
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
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