1
|
Zhang X, Jin F, Ni F, Xu Y, Lu Y, Xia W. Clinical data analysis of 86 patients with invasive infections caused by Malassezia furfur from a tertiary medical center and 37 studies. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1079535. [PMID: 37457952 PMCID: PMC10340522 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1079535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Malassezia furfur (M. furfur) is a lipophilic, conditionally pathogenic yeast that mainly causes skin infections, but the reports of related invasive infections are increasing. The aim of this study is to provide clinical data to assist physicians in the management of patients with invasive infections caused by M. furfur. Methods A case of pulmonary infection caused by M. furfur in a hematopoietic stem cell transplant patient for aplastic anemia was reported. In addition, the literature on invasive infection by M. furfur published in PubMed and Web of Science in English until 31 July 2022 was reviewed. Results Clinical data analysis of 86 patients (from 37 studies and our case) revealed that most of them were preterm (44.2%), followed by adults (31.4%). M. furfur fungemia occurred in 79.1% of the 86 patients, and 45 of them were clearly obtained from catheter blood. Other patients developed catheter-related infections, pneumonia, peripheral thromboembolism, endocarditis, meningitis, peritonitis and disseminated infections. Thirty-eight preterm infants had underlying diseases such as very low birth weight and/or multiple organ hypoplasia. The remaining patients had compromised immunity or severe gastrointestinal diseases. 97.7% of patients underwent invasive procedures and 80.2% received total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Fever, thrombocytopenia and leukocytosis accounted for 55.8%, 38.4% and 24.4% of patients with M. furfur invasive infections, respectively. 69.8% of the patients received antifungal therapy, mainly amphotericin B (AmB) or azoles. Of 84 patients with indwelling catheters, 58.3% underwent the removal of catheters. TPN were discontinued in 30 of 69 patients. The all-cause mortality of 86 patients was 27.9%. Conclusions M. furfur can cause a variety of invasive infections. These patients mostly occur in premature infants, low immunity and severe gastrointestinal diseases. Indwelling catheters and TPN infusion are major risk factors. AmB, l-AmB and azoles are the most commonly used agents, and simultaneous removal of the catheter and termination of TPN infusion are important for the treatment of M. furfur invasive infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Fei Jin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Fang Ni
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuqiao Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanfei Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenying Xia
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hobi S, Cafarchia C, Romano V, Barrs VR. Malassezia: Zoonotic Implications, Parallels and Differences in Colonization and Disease in Humans and Animals. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8070708. [PMID: 35887463 PMCID: PMC9324274 DOI: 10.3390/jof8070708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Malassezia spp. are commensals of the skin, oral/sinonasal cavity, lower respiratory and gastrointestinal tract. Eighteen species have been recovered from humans, other mammals and birds. They can also be isolated from diverse environments, suggesting an evolutionary trajectory of adaption from an ecological niche in plants and soil to the mucocutaneous ecosystem of warm-blooded vertebrates. In humans, dogs and cats, Malassezia-associated dermatological conditions share some commonalities. Otomycosis is common in companion animals but is rare in humans. Systemic infections, which are increasingly reported in humans, have yet to be recognized in animals. Malassezia species have also been identified as pathogenetic contributors to some chronic human diseases. While Malassezia species are host-adapted, some species are zoophilic and can cause fungemia, with outbreaks in neonatal intensive care wards associated with temporary colonization of healthcare worker’s hands from contact with their pets. Although standardization is lacking, susceptibility testing is usually performed using a modified broth microdilution method. Antifungal susceptibility can vary depending on Malassezia species, body location, infection type, disease duration, presence of co-morbidities and immunosuppression. Antifungal resistance mechanisms include biofilm formation, mutations or overexpression of ERG11, overexpression of efflux pumps and gene rearrangements or overexpression in chromosome 4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Hobi
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Correspondence: (S.H.); (V.R.B.)
| | - Claudia Cafarchia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Str. prov. per Casamassima Km 3, Valenzano, (Bari), 70010, Italy; (C.C.); (V.R.)
| | - Valentina Romano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Str. prov. per Casamassima Km 3, Valenzano, (Bari), 70010, Italy; (C.C.); (V.R.)
| | - Vanessa R. Barrs
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Centre for Animal Health and Welfare, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
- Correspondence: (S.H.); (V.R.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sood G, Perl TM. Outbreaks in Health Care Settings. Infect Dis Clin North Am 2021; 35:631-666. [PMID: 34362537 DOI: 10.1016/j.idc.2021.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Outbreaks and pseudo-outbreaks in health care settings are complex and should be evaluated systematically using epidemiologic and molecular tools. Outbreaks result from failures of infection prevention practices, inadequate staffing, and undertrained or overcommitted health care personnel. Contaminated hands, equipment, supplies, water, ventilation systems, and environment may also contribute. Neonatal intensive care, endoscopy, oncology, and transplant units are areas at particular risk. Procedures, such as bronchoscopy and endoscopy, are sources of infection when cleaning and disinfection processes are inadequate. New types of equipment can be introduced and lead to contamination or equipment and medications can be contaminated at the manufacturing source.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geeta Sood
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Mason F. Lord Building, Center Tower, 3rd Floor, 5200 Eastern Avenue, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
| | - Trish M Perl
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Y7;302, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Rare Invasive Yeast Infections in Greek Neonates and Children, a Retrospective 12-Year Study. J Fungi (Basel) 2020; 6:jof6040194. [PMID: 32998455 PMCID: PMC7711555 DOI: 10.3390/jof6040194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Although Candida species remain the leading cause of invasive fungal infections (IFI), the list of other isolated fungal pathogens is increasing. The aim of the study was to report cases of IFI caused by rare yeasts in the largest tertiary Greek pediatric hospital. A retrospective study was performed from 6/2008–6/2020 regarding IFI caused by rare species. Identification of isolates was attained by conventional, molecular, and MALDI TOF MS methods, and susceptibility testing was performed according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards (CLSI) methodology. During a 12-year period, 14 different rare fungal species in 33 neonates and children with IFI hospitalized in intensive care and oncology units were isolated from blood, central catheters, peritoneal, pleural, or pericardial fluid specimens. It is the first time for IFI caused by Wickerhamomyces anomalus (Candida pelliculosa), Pichia fermentans (Candida lambica), Yarrowia (Candida) lipolytica, Pichia (Hansenula) kluyveri, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, Wickerhamiella (Candida) pararugosa and Cyberlindnera (Candida) fabianii in Greek neonates and children to be reported. For most of these rare fungal species isolated in the present study, no official antifungal breakpoints have been defined, and there are no guidelines for their treatment. Clinical laboratories should be aware of uncommon and emerging yeast pathogens and be able to detect them with molecular and proteomic methods.
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang K, Cheng L, Li W, Jiang H, Zhang X, Liu S, Huang Y, Qiang M, Dong T, Li Y, Wang J, Feng S, Li H. Susceptibilities of Malassezia strains from pityriasis versicolor, Malassezia folliculitis and seborrheic dermatitis to antifungal drugs. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04203. [PMID: 32613106 PMCID: PMC7322256 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The human pathogenic yeast genus Malassezia may be an etiological agent of skin disorders and has received considerable attention from dermatologists in recent years. To investigate the different susceptibilities of Malassezia species to four antifungal drugs, we isolated a total of 244 Malassezia strains and identified six species of Malassezia from patients with clinical skin diseases. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the four antifungal drugs was obtained by comparing the susceptibility of the isolated Malassezia strains to four antifungal drugs (ketoconazole (KTZ), itraconazole (ITZ), fluconazole (FLC) and amphotericin B (Am B)). We demonstrated that M. furfur, M. sympodialis, M. pachydermatis and M. globosa are the most common Malassezia species in the three skin diseases. The MICs of KTZ, ITZ, FLC and Am B against M. furfur, M. sympodialis, M. pachydermatis and M. globosa ranged from 0.03 - 16 mg/L, 0.03 - 2.0 mg/L, 0.03 - 8 mg/L, and 13 - 64 mg/L, respectively. The sensitivities of Malassezia to the four antifungal drugs from high to low were ITZ ≥ KTZ > Am B > FLC. The susceptibilities of the various Malassezia species to the four antifungal drugs were different, and the susceptibility of M. furfur to KTZ was significantly different from those of the three skin diseases (pityriasis versicolor, Malassezia folliculitis and seborrheic dermatitis). Our results suggested that the MIC analysis of the four antifungal drugs would be helpful in preventing drug resistance in the clinical screening of Malassezia and choosing better antifungal drugs to treat Malassezia-associated skin diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaiqin Wang
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China.,Scientific Research Center, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, 2901, Caolang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai, China.,Department of Dermatology, Zigong First People's Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan, China
| | - Lu Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Wenshuang Li
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China.,Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaofang Zhang
- Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Scientific Research Center, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, 2901, Caolang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunli Huang
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Mingyue Qiang
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Tianxiang Dong
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Yuye Li
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Scientific Research Center, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, 2901, Caolang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai, China
| | - Shike Feng
- Department of Dermatology, Zigong First People's Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongbin Li
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Moreira RTDF, Lallo MA, Alvares-Saraiva AM, Hurtado ECP, Konno FT, Spadacci-Morena D, Coutinho SDA. Dichotomous response of Malassezia-infected macrophages to Malassezia pachydermatis and Malassezia furfur. Med Mycol 2019; 57:628-635. [PMID: 30388249 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myy104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Malassezia pachydermatis and Malassezia furfur are lipophilic yeasts of the cutaneous microbiome, although these organisms are occasionally responsible for serious invasive infections in neonates. Since phagocytosis is an important mechanism mediating the adaptive immune response, here we evaluated the phagocytosis capacity and production of nitric oxide and cytokine by macrophages after challenged with M. furfur CBS-1878 and M. pachydermatis CBS-1696. The phagocytic indexes was determined using RAW 264.7 cultivated or not with M. furfur or M. pachydermatis in the concentrations of 5:1 or 2:1 (yeasts:macrophages ratio) for 6 h, 24 h, and 48 h following the challenges. Evaluation of nitric oxide and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, interferon (IFN)-γ and tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α) by Griess method and flow cytometry, respectively, were performed in the different intervals by collecting the cell culture supernatant. Results showed a higher phagocytic index in the 5:1 ratio in 24 h for both species. Malassezia pachydermatis-infected macrophages had superior phagocytic indexes than M. furfur-infected macrophages. Phagocytosis evaluation at 48 h showed significant microorganisms proliferation and macrophages death, particularly in macrophages infected with M. pachydermatis, suggesting yeast evasion mechanism. Significant variations in the nitric oxide production were observed in macrophages infected with both species. Levels of TNF-α and IL-4 cytokines have increased in M. furfur and M. pachydermatis macrophage-infected cultures, respectively. The low microbicidal activity and the presence of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines reinforce the dichotomous character of the relation of these yeasts with the host, acting as a commensal in the cutaneous microbiome or causing infection.
Collapse
|
7
|
Affiliation(s)
- Geeta Sood
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Mason F. Lord Building Center Tower, 3rd Floor, 5200 Eastern Avenue, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
| | - Trish M Perl
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 725 North Wolfe Street, Suite 228 PCTB, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ilahi A, Hadrich I, Goudjil S, Kongolo G, Chazal C, Léké A, Ayadi A, Chouaki T, Ranque S. Molecular epidemiology of a Malassezia pachydermatis neonatal unit outbreak. Med Mycol 2017; 56:69-77. [DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myx022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
9
|
Successful Treatment of Candida parapsilosis Fungemia in Two Preterms with Voriconazole. Case Rep Pediatr 2015; 2015:402137. [PMID: 26146582 PMCID: PMC4471326 DOI: 10.1155/2015/402137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we report two preterms with invasive candidiasis refractory to liposomal amphotericin B (AMB) treatment in spite of low MIC levels (MIC: 0.5 mcg/mL). Both of the patients' blood cultures were persistently positive for C. parapsilosis despite high therapeutic doses (AMB: 7 mg/kg per day). After starting voriconazole blood cultures became negative and both of the patients were treated successfully without any side effects. In conclusion, although it is not a standard treatment in neonatal patients, our limited experience with these patients suggests that voriconazole appears to be a safe antifungal agent to be used in critically ill preterm infants with persistent fungemia despite AMB treatment.
Collapse
|
10
|
Miyake Y, Ishikawa E, Ishikawa T, Yamasaki S. Self and nonself recognition through C-type lectin receptor, Mincle. SELF NONSELF 2014; 1:310-313. [PMID: 21487505 DOI: 10.4161/self.1.4.13736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2010] [Revised: 09/22/2010] [Accepted: 09/23/2010] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Mincle (also called as Clec4e or Clecsf9) is a C-type lectin receptor expressed in activated macrophages. Recently, we have reported that Mincle transduces the activation signals through ITAM-containing adaptor protein, FcRγ and induces the secretion of inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, we and other groups have identified that Mincle recognizes a wide variety of ligands such as damaged cells, fungus, yeast and mycobacteria. These results indicate that Mincle acts as a multi-task danger receptor for both self and nonself ligands. This review summarizes the recent discoveries about the ligands and immunological roles of Mincle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasunobu Miyake
- Division of Molecular Immunology; Medical Institute of Bioregulation; Kyushu University; Maidashi Higashiku, Fukuoka Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Arendrup M, Boekhout T, Akova M, Meis J, Cornely O, Lortholary O. ESCMID† and ECMM‡ joint clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and management of rare invasive yeast infections. Clin Microbiol Infect 2014; 20 Suppl 3:76-98. [DOI: 10.1111/1469-0691.12360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 350] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Revised: 08/16/2013] [Accepted: 08/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
12
|
Kolecka A, Khayhan K, Arabatzis M, Velegraki A, Kostrzewa M, Andersson A, Scheynius A, Cafarchia C, Iatta R, Montagna M, Youngchim S, Cabañes F, Hoopman P, Kraak B, Groenewald M, Boekhout T. Efficient identification ofMalasseziayeasts by matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization‐time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF MS). Br J Dermatol 2014; 170:332-41. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.12680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Kolecka
- Department of Yeast and Basidiomycete Research CBS‐KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre Uppsalalaan 8 3584CT Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - K. Khayhan
- Department of Yeast and Basidiomycete Research CBS‐KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre Uppsalalaan 8 3584CT Utrecht the Netherlands
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology Faculty of Medical Sciences University of Phayao Phayao Thailand
| | - M. Arabatzis
- Research Mycology Laboratory (K.A. 70/3/6915) Microbiology Department Medical School of University of Athens Athens Greece
| | - A. Velegraki
- Research Mycology Laboratory (K.A. 70/3/6915) Microbiology Department Medical School of University of Athens Athens Greece
| | - M. Kostrzewa
- Bioanalytical Development Bruker Daltonics GmbH Bremen Germany
| | - A. Andersson
- Translational Immunology Unit Department of Medicine Solna Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - A. Scheynius
- Translational Immunology Unit Department of Medicine Solna Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - C. Cafarchia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine Aldo Moro University of Bari Bari Italy
| | - R. Iatta
- Department of Veterinary Medicine Aldo Moro University of Bari Bari Italy
| | - M.T. Montagna
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology Section of Hygiene Aldo Moro University of Bari Bari Italy
| | - S. Youngchim
- Department of Microbiology Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
| | - F.J. Cabañes
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Bellaterra Barcelona Spain
| | - P. Hoopman
- Department of Yeast and Basidiomycete Research CBS‐KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre Uppsalalaan 8 3584CT Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - B. Kraak
- Department of Yeast and Basidiomycete Research CBS‐KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre Uppsalalaan 8 3584CT Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - M. Groenewald
- Department of Yeast and Basidiomycete Research CBS‐KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre Uppsalalaan 8 3584CT Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - T. Boekhout
- Department of Yeast and Basidiomycete Research CBS‐KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre Uppsalalaan 8 3584CT Utrecht the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases University Medical Center Utrecht the Netherlands
- Department of Dermatology Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Medical Mycology Second Military Medical University Changzheng Hospital Institute of Dermatology and Medical Mycology Shanghai China
- Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Juntachai W, Kummasook A, Mekaprateep M, Kajiwara S. Identification of the haemolytic activity ofMalasseziaspecies. Mycoses 2013; 57:163-8. [DOI: 10.1111/myc.12125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2013] [Revised: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weerapong Juntachai
- Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Tokyo Institute of Technology; Yokohama Japan
- Department of Biology; Faculty of Science and Technology; Chiang Mai Rajabhat University; Chiang Mai Thailand
| | - Aksarakorn Kummasook
- Department of Microbiology; Faculty of Medicine; Chiang Mai University; Chiang Mai Thailand
| | - Malee Mekaprateep
- Department of Microbiology; Faculty of Medicine; Chiang Mai University; Chiang Mai Thailand
| | - Susumu Kajiwara
- Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Tokyo Institute of Technology; Yokohama Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kim JY, Hahn HJ, Choe YB, Lee YW, Ahn KJ, Moon KC. Molecular biological identification of malassezia yeasts using pyrosequencing. Ann Dermatol 2013; 25:73-9. [PMID: 23467187 PMCID: PMC3582932 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2013.25.1.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2012] [Revised: 05/03/2012] [Accepted: 05/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A Pyrosequencing assay has been used in identification of fungal species such as Candida or Aspergillus and diagnosis of pathogenic bacteria such as Helicobacter pylori but there has been no report on successful isolation and identification of Malassezia yeasts using the pyrosequencing method. Objective Examine the applicability and plausibility of the pyrosequencing method in identification of the Malassezia species. Methods At internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sites 1 and 2, three primers were developed using Pyrosequencing Assay Design Software (Biotage AB). Pyrosequencing was performed on 11 standard strains and 83 genomic DNA samples obtained from 66 healthy controls aged from 1 to 80. Results The eleven Malassezia standard species and 83 genomic DNA samples were successfully identified using the pyrosequencing assay. Conclusion The pyrosequencing method is a new tool for analysis of Malassezia yeasts, and its precision and rapidity suggests its clinical applicability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Young Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Spinal Osteomyelitis-Diskitis Due to Coinfection With Malassezia globosa and Streptococcus anginosus. INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN CLINICAL PRACTICE 2012. [DOI: 10.1097/ipc.0b013e3182302734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
16
|
Sonesson A, Nordahl EA, Malmsten M, Schmidtchen A. Antifungal activities of peptides derived from domain 5 of high-molecular-weight kininogen. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEPTIDES 2011; 2011:761037. [PMID: 21941573 PMCID: PMC3173955 DOI: 10.1155/2011/761037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2011] [Accepted: 06/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In both immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients, Candida and Malassezia are causing or triggering clinical manifestations such as cutaneous infections and atopic eczema. The innate immune system provides rapid responses to microbial invaders, without requiring prior stimulation, through a sophisticated system of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). High molecular weight kininogen (HMWK) and components of the contact system have previously been reported to bind to Candida and other pathogens, leading to activation of the contact system. A cutaneous Candida infection is characterized by an accumulation of neutrophils, leading to an inflammatory response and release of enzymatically active substances. In the present study we demonstrate that antifungal peptide fragments are generated through proteolytic degradation of HMWK. The recombinant domain 5 (rD5) of HMWK, D5-derived peptides, as well as hydrophobically modified D5-derived peptides efficiently killed Candida and Malassezia. Furthermore, the antifungal activity of modified peptides was studied at physiological conditions. Binding of a D5-derived peptide, HKH20 (His(479)-His(498)), to the fungal cell membrane was visualized by fluorescence microscopy. Our data disclose a novel antifungal activity of D5-derived peptides and also show that proteolytic cleavage of HMWK results in fragments exerting antifungal activity. Of therapeutic interest is that structurally modified peptides show an enhanced antifungal activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Sonesson
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Emma Andersson Nordahl
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Martin Malmsten
- Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Artur Schmidtchen
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
[Labor epidural analgesia for a woman with a pityriasis versicolor in the lumbar region]. ANNALES FRANCAISES D'ANESTHESIE ET DE REANIMATION 2011; 30:597-9. [PMID: 21680133 DOI: 10.1016/j.annfar.2011.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2010] [Accepted: 04/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Epidural analgesia is usually contraindicated in case of infection at the site of needle insertion. Tinea versicolor is a benign superficial cutaneous fungal infection caused by the proliferation of a skin commensal yeast of low pathogenicity. We report the case of a pregnant woman with a tinea versicolor in the lumbar region, who benefited from a labor epidural analgesia, realised with reinforced antiseptic measures. No neurological or infectious complication occurred.
Collapse
|
18
|
Malassezia Species: A Rare Cause of Invasive Fungal Infections in Immunocompromised Patients. CURRENT FUNGAL INFECTION REPORTS 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s12281-010-0037-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
19
|
Oh BH, Lee YW, Choe YB, Ahn KJ. Epidemiologic Study of Malassezia Yeasts in Seborrheic Dermatitis Patients by the Analysis of 26S rDNA PCR-RFLP. Ann Dermatol 2010; 22:149-55. [PMID: 20548904 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2010.22.2.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2009] [Revised: 12/17/2009] [Accepted: 12/29/2009] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This case-control study concerns a molecular biological method based on the data gathered from a group of Korean subjects to examine the distribution of Malassezia yeasts in seborrheic dermatitis (SD) patients. Cultures for Malassezia yeasts were taken from the foreheads, cheeks and chests of 60 patients with SD and in 60 healthy controls of equivalent age. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between certain species of Malassezia and SD. This was done by analyzing the differences in the distribution of Malassezia species in terms of age and body parts of the host with healthy controls. METHODS 26S rDNA PCR-RFLP, a fast and accurate molecular biological method, was used to overcome the limits of morphological and biochemical methods. RESULTS The positive Malassezia culture rate was 51.7% in patients with SD, which was lower than that of healthy adults (63.9%). M. restricta was dominant in patients with SD (19.5%). Likewise, M. restricta was identified as a common species (20.5%) in healthy controls. In the ages 31~40, M. restricta was found to be the most common species (31.6%) among SD patients. CONCLUSION According to the results of the study, the most frequently isolated species was M. restricta (19.5%) in patients with SD. There was no statistically significant difference in the distribution of Malassezia species between the SD patients and healthy control groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Byung Ho Oh
- Department of Dermatology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Tragiannidis A, Bisping G, Koehler G, Groll AH. Minireview:Malasseziainfections in immunocompromised patients. Mycoses 2010; 53:187-95. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0507.2009.01814.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
21
|
Arendrup MC, Fisher BT, Zaoutis TE. Invasive fungal infections in the paediatric and neonatal population: diagnostics and management issues. Clin Microbiol Infect 2009; 15:613-24. [PMID: 19673972 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2009.02909.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Invasive fungal infections in children appear to have increased over the past few decades. Especially neonates and children with primary and secondary immunodeficiencies are at risk. Candida and Aspergillus spp. are the most commonly isolated organisms. In addition, Malassezia may cause systemic infections in newborns and zygomycosis is important because of its rising incidence and high case fatality rate. Timely diagnosis and initiation of appropriate antifungal therapy is imperative for improving outcomes. However, traditional techniques are time-consuming and representative sample material, using invasive procedures, may be difficult to obtain in the paediatric setting. This review provides an overview of the advances in detection and rapid species identification, with a focus on issues relevant in these settings. Subsequently, the current antifungal treatment options for neonates and children are discussed in light of the antifungal spectrum of the available agents and the specific pharmacokinetic properties in different age groups. Although a multitude of newer antifungal compounds have become available within the last decade, further studies are necessary to clearly establish the role for each of these agents among neonates and children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M C Arendrup
- Unit of Mycology and Parasitology, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Shibata N, Saitoh T, Tadokoro Y, Okawa Y. The cell wall galactomannan antigen from Malassezia furfur and Malassezia pachydermatis contains β-1,6-linked linear galactofuranosyl residues and its detection has diagnostic potential. Microbiology (Reading) 2009; 155:3420-3429. [DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.029967-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipophilic yeasts of the genus Malassezia are associated with several skin diseases, such as pityriasis versicolor, Malassezia folliculitis, seborrhoeic dermatitis and atopic dermatitis, and are also increasingly associated with catheter-related fungaemia. The cell wall components of pathogenic micro-organisms behave as an antigen and/or ligand of the innate immune response. Live cells of Malassezia furfur and Malassezia pachydermatis did not react with an anti-α-1,2-mannoside antibody. However, they showed a strong hydrophobicity and reactivity with an anti-β-1,3-glucan antibody compared to those of C. albicans. The cell wall polysaccharides of M. furfur and M. pachydermatis were isolated and their structures analysed by 1H and 13C NMR experiments. Both polysaccharides were shown to be β-1,6-linked linear galactofuranosyl polymers with a small amount of mannan. The presence of galactomannan on cells of Malassezia species has not been described previously. The galactomannan did not react with an anti-Aspergillus fumigatus monoclonal antibody which has specificity for β-1,5-linked galactofuranosyl residues. An anti-M. furfur antibody strongly reacted with the galactomannans of M. furfur and M. pachydermatis, but did not react with the galactomannans of Trichophyton rubrum, A. fumigatus or Fonsecaea pedrosoi. The characteristics of the anti-M. furfur antibody suggest that there is potential for diagnosis of Malassezia infections by antigen detection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Shibata
- Department of Infection and Host Defense, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8558, Japan
| | - Tomomi Saitoh
- Department of Infection and Host Defense, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8558, Japan
| | - Yukari Tadokoro
- Department of Infection and Host Defense, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8558, Japan
| | - Yoshio Okawa
- Department of Infection and Host Defense, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8558, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Jang SJ, Lim SH, Ko JH, Oh BH, Kim SM, Song YC, Yim SM, Lee YW, Choe YB, Ahn KJ. The Investigation on the Distribution of Malassezia Yeasts on the Normal Korean Skin by 26S rDNA PCR-RFLP. Ann Dermatol 2009; 21:18-26. [PMID: 20548850 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2009.21.1.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2008] [Accepted: 09/28/2008] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malassezia yeasts are normal flora of the skin that are discovered in 75~98% of health subjects, but since its association with various skin disorders have been known, many studies have been conducted in the distribution of the yeasts. OBJECTIVE To isolate, identify, and classify Malassezia yeasts from the normal human skin of Koreans by using the rapid and accurate molecular biology method (26S rDNA PCR-RFLP) which overcome the limits of morphological and biochemical methods, and to gather a basic database that will show its relation to various skin diseases. METHODS Malassezia yeasts were cultured from clinically healthy human skin using scrub-wash technique at five sites (forehead, cheek, chest, upper arm, and thigh) and swabbing technique at scalp in 160 participants comprised of 80 males and 80 females aged from 0 to 80. Identification of obtained strains were placed into the one of the 11 species by 26S rDNA PCR-RFLP. RESULTS An overall positive culture rate was 62.4% (599/960). As shown in the experiment groups by their age, the positive culture rate was the highest (74.2%) in the age 21~30 and 31~40 (89/120). In the experiment groups by different body areas, the scalp showed the highest positive culture rate of 90% (144/160). On analysis of 26S rDNA PCR-RFLP, M. globosa was the most predominant species in the age 0~10 (32.8%), 11~20 (28.9%), 21~30 (32.3%). M. restricta was identified as predominant species in the age 41~50 (27.9%), 61~70 (31.5%) and 71~80 (24.0%). In the age 31~40 years, M. sympodialis was found to be the most common species (24.6%). According to body site, M. restricta was more frequently recovered in the scalp (56.8%), forehead (39.8%) and cheek (24.0%) and while M. globosa was more frequently recovered in the chest (36.8%). Higher positive culture rates of Malassezia yeasts were shown in male subjects than female counterparts in all body areas except scalp (p<0.05). Especially in this study, M. dermatis, newly isolated Malassezia species from atopic dermatitis patient in Japan, was isolated and identified in 19 cases (1.9%) in healthy subjects. CONCLUSION The key is to recognize the existence of a difference in the type of Malassezia species in different ages as well as body areas, which reflects differing skin lipid levels in various ages and different body areas. Moreover, 26S rDNA PCR-RFLP analysis which was opted in this study could provide a sensitive and rapid identification system for Malassezia species, which may be applied to epidemiological surveys and clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Jung Jang
- Department of Dermatology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
C-type lectin Mincle is an activating receptor for pathogenic fungus, Malassezia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2009; 106:1897-902. [PMID: 19171887 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0805177106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 312] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Mincle (also called as Clec4e and Clecsf9) is a C-type lectin receptor expressed in activated phagocytes. Recently, we have demonstrated that Mincle is an FcRgamma-associated activating receptor that senses damaged cells. To search an exogenous ligand(s), we screened pathogenic fungi using cell line expressing Mincle, FcRgamma, and NFAT-GFP reporter. We found that Mincle specifically recognizes the Malassezia species among 50 different fungal species tested. Malassezia is a pathogenic fungus that causes skin diseases, such as tinea versicolor and atopic dermatitis, and fatal sepsis. However, the specific receptor on host cells has not been identified. Mutation of the putative mannose-binding motif within C-type lectin domain of Mincle abrogated Malassezia recognition. Analyses of glycoconjugate microarray revealed that Mincle selectively binds to alpha-mannose but not mannan. Thus, Mincle may recognize specific geometry of alpha-mannosyl residues on Malassezia species and use this to distinguish them from other fungi. Malassezia activated macrophages to produce inflammatory cytokines/chemokines. To elucidate the physiological function of Mincle, Mincle-deficient mice were established. Malassezia-induced cytokine/chemokine production by macrophages from Mincle(-/-) mice was significantly impaired. In vivo inflammatory responses against Malassezia was also impaired in Mincle(-/-) mice. These results indicate that Mincle is the first specific receptor for Malassezia species to be reported and plays a crucial role in immune responses to this fungus.
Collapse
|
25
|
Malassezia furfur fingerprints as possible markers for human phylogeography. ISME JOURNAL 2008; 3:498-502. [PMID: 19020555 DOI: 10.1038/ismej.2008.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Malassezia furfur was the first species described within the cosmopolitan yeast genus Malassezia, which now comprises 13 species. Reported isolation rates of these species from healthy and diseased human skin show geographic variations. PCR-fingerprinting with the wild-type phage M13 primer (5'-GAGGGTGGCGGTTCT-3') was applied to investigate phylogeographic associations of M. furfur strains isolated from Scandinavians residing permanently in Greece, in comparison to clinical isolates from Greek, Bulgarian and Chinese native residents. Seven M. furfur strains from Scandinavians were compared with the Neotype strain (CBS1878), CBS global collection strains (n=10) and clinical isolates from Greece (n=4), Bulgaria (n=15) and China (n=6). Scandinavian, Greek and Bulgarian M. furfur strains mostly formed distinct group clusters, providing initial evidence for an association with the host's geographical origin and with the underlying skin condition. These initial data address the hypothesis that M. furfur could be a eukaryotic candidate eligible for phylogeographic studies.
Collapse
|
26
|
Paulino LC, Tseng CH, Blaser MJ. Analysis of Malassezia microbiota in healthy superficial human skin and in psoriatic lesions by multiplex real-time PCR. FEMS Yeast Res 2008; 8:460-71. [PMID: 18294199 DOI: 10.1111/j.1567-1364.2008.00359.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Yeasts from the genus Malassezia are members of the normal biota of human skin, and may play a role in dermatopathology. Our previous study of the fungal microbiota from healthy subjects and from patients with psoriasis using clone library analysis revealed the presence of five Malassezia species and four uncharacterized phylotypes. We now compared the Malassezia microbiota from six healthy body locations and two psoriatic lesions, and evaluated its stability over time using multiplex real-time PCR. Samples from each body location were obtained monthly, for 4 months. Dual-labeled probes were designed to recognize four Malassezia sp. and two uncharacterized groups, and a genus-specific probe was also developed. A good correspondence was obtained between real-time PCR data and clone library analyses. Malassezia restricta was the most abundant species in the majority of samples, and high amounts of Malassezia globosa were also detected. The uncharacterized phylotype 1 was usually detected in lower proportions, nevertheless it was present in most samples. The microbiota was host-specific and relatively stable over time. In accordance with our previous observations, no significant dichotomy between samples from healthy skin and from psoriatic lesions was found; the samples clustered according to the subject, rather than health status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luciana C Paulino
- Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, NY 10016, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
Malassezia yeasts are commensals of normal human skin, but also cause pityriasis versicolor, seborrhoeic dermatitis and evidence is accumulating that they play a significant role in atopic eczema/dermatitis syndrome (AEDS; formerly atopic dermatitis). The taxonomy of the genus has changed considerably and is likely to change more in the future. Our understanding of the interaction between Malassezia and the host demonstrates that it has the paradoxical ability to both stimulate and suppress the immune response directed against it and there is a fine balance in its existence at the interface between commensalism and pathogenicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H R Ashbee
- Mycology Reference Centre, Department of Microbiology, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, UK.
| |
Collapse
|