1
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Bellamy KKL, Skedsmo FS, Hultman J, Jansen JH, Lingaas F. Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis in a Schapendoes dog is caused by a missense variant in CLN6. Anim Genet 2024. [PMID: 38866396 DOI: 10.1111/age.13457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL) is a group of neurodegenerative disorders that occur in humans, dogs, and several other species. NCL is characterised clinically by progressive deterioration of cognitive and motor function, epileptic seizures, and visual impairment. Most forms present early in life and eventually lead to premature death. Typical pathological changes include neuronal accumulation of autofluorescent, periodic acid-Schiff- and Sudan black B-positive lipopigments, as well as marked loss of neurons in the central nervous system. Here, we describe a 19-month-old Schapendoes dog, where clinical signs were indicative of lysosomal storage disease, which was corroborated by pathological findings consistent with NCL. Whole genome sequencing of the affected dog and both parents, followed by variant calling and visual inspection of known NCL genes, identified a missense variant in CLN6 (c.386T>C). The variant is located in a highly conserved region of the gene and predicted to be harmful, which supports a causal relationship. The identification of this novel CLN6 variant enables pre-breeding DNA-testing to prevent future cases of NCL6 in the Schapendoes breed, and presents a potential natural model for NCL6 in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fredrik S Skedsmo
- Department of Preclinical Sciences and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Josefin Hultman
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Johan Høgset Jansen
- Department of Preclinical Sciences and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Frode Lingaas
- Department of Preclinical Sciences and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
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2
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Wang N, Zhu B, Allnutt MA, Grijalva RM, Zhao H, Chandra SS. Decoding transcriptomic signatures of cysteine string protein alpha-mediated synapse maintenance. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2320064121. [PMID: 38833477 PMCID: PMC11181078 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2320064121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Synapse maintenance is essential for generating functional circuitry, and decrement in this process is a hallmark of neurodegenerative disease. Yet, little is known about synapse maintenance in vivo. Cysteine string protein α (CSPα), encoded by the Dnajc5 gene, is a synaptic vesicle chaperone that is necessary for synapse maintenance and linked to neurodegeneration. To investigate the transcriptional changes associated with synapse maintenance, we performed single-nucleus transcriptomics on the cortex of young CSPα knockout (KO) mice and littermate controls. Through differential expression and gene ontology analysis, we observed that both neurons and glial cells exhibit unique signatures in the CSPα KO brain. Significantly, all neuronal classes in CSPα KO brains show strong signatures of repression in synaptic pathways, while up-regulating autophagy-related genes. Through visualization of synapses and autophagosomes by electron microscopy, we confirmed these alterations especially in inhibitory synapses. Glial responses varied by cell type, with microglia exhibiting activation. By imputing cell-cell interactions, we found that neuron-glia interactions were specifically increased in CSPα KO mice. This was mediated by synaptogenic adhesion molecules, with the classical Neurexin1-Neuroligin 1 pair being the most prominent, suggesting that communication of glial cells with neurons is strengthened in CSPα KO mice to preserve synapse maintenance. Together, this study provides a rich dataset of transcriptional changes in the CSPα KO cortex and reveals insights into synapse maintenance and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Wang
- Department of Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, CT06510
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT06510
| | - Biqing Zhu
- Program of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT06510
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT06510
| | - Mary Alice Allnutt
- Department of Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, CT06510
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT06510
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT06510
| | - Rosalie M. Grijalva
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT06510
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT06510
| | - Hongyu Zhao
- Program of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT06510
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT06510
| | - Sreeganga S. Chandra
- Department of Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, CT06510
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT06510
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3
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Barker E, Morgan A, Barclay JW. Tissue distribution of cysteine string protein/DNAJC5 in C. elegans analysed by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated tagging of endogenous DNJ-14. Cell Tissue Res 2024; 396:41-55. [PMID: 38403745 PMCID: PMC10997724 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-024-03875-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Cysteine string protein (CSP) is a member of the DnaJ/Hsp40 family of molecular chaperones. CSP is enriched in neurons, where it mainly localises to synaptic vesicles. Mutations in CSP-encoding genes in flies, worms, mice and humans result in neuronal dysfunction, neurodegeneration and reduced lifespan. Most attention has therefore focused on CSP's neuronal functions, although CSP is also expressed in non-neuronal cells. Here, we used genome editing to fluorescently tag the Caenorhabditis elegans CSP orthologue, dnj-14, to identify which tissues preferentially express CSP and hence may contribute to the observed mutant phenotypes. Replacement of dnj-14 with wrmScarlet caused a strong chemotaxis defect, as seen with other dnj-14 null mutants. In contrast, inserting the reporter in-frame to create a DNJ-14-wrmScarlet fusion protein had no effect on chemotaxis, indicating that C-terminal tagging does not impair DNJ-14 function. WrmScarlet fluorescence appeared most obvious in the intestine, head/pharynx, spermathecae and vulva/uterus in the reporter strains, suggesting that DNJ-14 is preferentially expressed in these tissues. Crossing the DNJ-14-wrmScarlet strain with GFP marker strains confirmed the intestinal and pharyngeal expression, but only a partial overlap with neuronal GFP was observed. DNJ-14-wrmScarlet fluorescence in the intestine was increased in response to starvation, which may be relevant to mammalian CSPα's role in microautophagy. DNJ-14's enrichment in worm reproductive tissues (spermathecae and vulva/uterus) parallels the testis-specific expression of CSPβ and CSPγ isoforms in mammals. Furthermore, CSPα messenger RNA is highly expressed in the human proximal digestive tract, suggesting that CSP may have a conserved, but overlooked, function within the gastrointestinal system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor Barker
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Cell Signalling, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown St, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK
- Current address: Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Gastroenterology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Alan Morgan
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Cell Signalling, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown St, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK.
| | - Jeff W Barclay
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Cell Signalling, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown St, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK.
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4
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Van de Vondel L, De Winter J, Timmerman V, Baets J. Overarching pathomechanisms in inherited peripheral neuropathies, spastic paraplegias, and cerebellar ataxias. Trends Neurosci 2024; 47:227-238. [PMID: 38360512 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
International consortia collaborating on the genetics of rare diseases have significantly boosted our understanding of inherited neurological disorders. Historical clinical classification boundaries were drawn between disorders with seemingly different etiologies, such as inherited peripheral neuropathies (IPNs), spastic paraplegias, and cerebellar ataxias. These clinically defined borders are being challenged by the identification of mutations in genes displaying wide phenotypic spectra and by shared pathomechanistic themes, which are valuable indications for therapy development. We highlight common cellular alterations that underlie this genetic landscape, including alteration of cytoskeleton, axonal transport, mitochondrial function, and DNA repair response. Finally, we discuss venues for future research using the long axonopathies of the PNS as a model to explore other neurogenetic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liedewei Van de Vondel
- Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Laboratory of Neuromuscular Pathology, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jonathan De Winter
- Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Laboratory of Neuromuscular Pathology, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Neuromuscular Reference Centre, Department of Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Vincent Timmerman
- Laboratory of Neuromuscular Pathology, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Peripheral Neuropathy Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jonathan Baets
- Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Laboratory of Neuromuscular Pathology, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Neuromuscular Reference Centre, Department of Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium.
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5
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Paul K, Restoux G, Phocas F. Genome-wide detection of positive and balancing signatures of selection shared by four domesticated rainbow trout populations (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Genet Sel Evol 2024; 56:13. [PMID: 38389056 PMCID: PMC10882880 DOI: 10.1186/s12711-024-00884-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evolutionary processes leave footprints along the genome over time. Highly homozygous regions may correspond to positive selection of favorable alleles, while maintenance of heterozygous regions may be due to balancing selection phenomena. We analyzed data from 176 fish from four disconnected domestic rainbow trout populations that were genotyped using a high-density Axiom Trout genotyping 665K single nucleotide polymorphism array, including 20 from the US and 156 from three French lines. Using methods based on runs of homozygosity and extended haplotype homozygosity, we detected signatures of selection in these four populations. RESULTS Nine genomic regions that included 253 genes were identified as being under positive selection in all four populations Most were located on chromosome 2 but also on chromosomes 12, 15, 16, and 20. In addition, four heterozygous regions that contain 29 genes that are putatively under balancing selection were also shared by the four populations. These were located on chromosomes 10, 13, and 19. Regardless of the homozygous or heterozygous nature of the regions, in each region, we detected several genes that are highly conserved among vertebrates due to their critical roles in cellular and nuclear organization, embryonic development, or immunity. We identified new candidate genes involved in rainbow trout fitness, as well as 17 genes that were previously identified to be under positive selection, 10 of which in other fishes (auts2, atp1b3, zp4, znf135, igf-1α, brd2, col9a2, mrap2, pbx1, and emilin-3). CONCLUSIONS Using material from disconnected populations of different origins allowed us to draw a genome-wide map of signatures of positive selection that are shared between these rainbow trout populations, and to identify several regions that are putatively under balancing selection. These results provide a valuable resource for future investigations of the dynamics of genetic diversity and genome evolution during domestication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katy Paul
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Gwendal Restoux
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Florence Phocas
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
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Deng IB, Follett J, Bu M, Farrer MJ. DNAJC12 in Monoamine Metabolism, Neurodevelopment, and Neurodegeneration. Mov Disord 2024; 39:249-258. [PMID: 38014588 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies show that pathogenic variants in DNAJC12, a co-chaperone for monoamine synthesis, may cause mild hyperphenylalaninemia with infantile dystonia, young-onset parkinsonism, developmental delay and cognitive deficits. DNAJC12 has been included in newborn screening, most revealingly in Spain, and those results highlight the importance of genetic diagnosis and early intervention in combating human disease. However, practitioners may be unaware of these advances and it is probable that many patients, especially adults, have yet to receive molecular testing for DNAJC12. Hence, this review summarizes genotype-phenotype relationships and treatment paradigms for patients with pathogenic variants in DNAJC12. It provides an overview of the structure of DNAJC12 protein, known genetic variants, domains, and binding partners, and elaborates on its role in monoamine synthesis, disease etiology, and pathogenesis. © 2023 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Bul Deng
- Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Jordan Follett
- Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Mengfei Bu
- Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Matthew J Farrer
- Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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Barker E, Milburn AE, Helassa N, Hammond DE, Sanchez-Soriano N, Morgan A, Barclay JW. Proximity labelling reveals effects of disease-causing mutation on the DNAJC5/cysteine string protein α interactome. Biochem J 2024; 481:BCJ20230319. [PMID: 38193346 PMCID: PMC10903463 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20230319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Cysteine string protein α (CSPα), also known as DNAJC5, is a member of the DnaJ/Hsp40 family of co-chaperones. The name derives from a cysteine-rich domain, palmitoylation of which enables localization to intracellular membranes, notably neuronal synaptic vesicles. Mutations in the DNAJC5 gene that encodes CSPα cause autosomal dominant, adult-onset neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (ANCL), a rare neurodegenerative disease. As null mutations in CSP-encoding genes in flies, worms and mice similarly result in neurodegeneration, CSP is evidently an evolutionarily conserved neuroprotective protein. However, the client proteins that CSP chaperones to prevent neurodegeneration remain unclear. Traditional methods for identifying protein-protein interactions such as yeast 2-hybrid and affinity purification approaches are poorly suited to CSP, due to its requirement for membrane anchoring and its tendency to aggregate after cell lysis. Therefore, we employed proximity labelling, which enables identification of interacting proteins in situ in living cells via biotinylation. Neuroendocrine PC12 cell lines stably expressing wild type or L115R ANCL mutant CSP constructs fused to miniTurbo were generated; then the biotinylated proteomes were analysed by liquid chromatographymass spectrometry (LCMS) and validated by western blotting. This confirmed several known CSP-interacting proteins, such as Hsc70 and SNAP-25, but also revealed novel binding proteins, including STXBP1/Munc18-1. Interestingly, some protein interactions (such as Hsc70) were unaffected by the L115R mutation, whereas others (including SNAP-25 and STXBP1/Munc18-1) were inhibited. These results define the CSP interactome in a neuronal model cell line and reveal interactions that are affected by ANCL mutation and hence may contribute to the neurodegeneration seen in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor Barker
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, ISMIB, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, U.K
| | - Amy E. Milburn
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, ISMIB, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, U.K
| | - Nordine Helassa
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, ISMIB, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, U.K
| | - Dean E. Hammond
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, ISMIB, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, U.K
| | - Natalia Sanchez-Soriano
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, ISMIB, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, U.K
| | - Alan Morgan
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, ISMIB, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, U.K
| | - Jeff W. Barclay
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, ISMIB, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, U.K
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8
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Guo T, Xiong J, Feng H, Bu L, Xiao T, Zhou L, He J, Deng M, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Zhang Z. L116 Deletion in CSPα Promotes α-Synuclein Aggregation and Neurodegeneration. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:15-27. [PMID: 37566176 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03552-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Parkinsonism is a clinical syndrome that is caused by Parkinson's disease (PD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we report a patient who exhibited progressive parkinsonism, epilepsy, and cognitive impairment and was diagnosed with adult-onset neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (ANCLs). The patient carries a mutation (p.Leu116 del) in the DNAJC5 gene that encodes cysteine string protein (CSPα). Since the patient shows typical parkinsonism and loss of dopamine transporter in the striatum, we investigated the effect of wild-type and L116del mutant CSPα on the aggregation of α-synuclein (α-syn) and neurotoxicity in vitro. Overexpression of wild-type CSPα attenuated the phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and aggregation of α-syn induced by α-syn fibrils. Moreover, wild-type CSPα inhibits oxidative stress and cell apoptosis and rescues inefficient SNARE complex formation induced by α-syn fibrils in SH-SY5Y cells. However, these protective effects of CSPα were abolished by the L116del mutation. Collectively, these results indicate that L116 deletion in CSPα promotes α-syn pathology and neurotoxicity. Boosting CSPα may be therapeutically useful for treating synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Guo
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Jing Xiong
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Hongyan Feng
- PET-CT/MRI Center, Faculty of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Lihong Bu
- PET-CT/MRI Center, Faculty of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Tingting Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Lingyan Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Juanfeng He
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Min Deng
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Nursing, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Zhaohui Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
| | - Zhentao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
- TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430000, China.
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9
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Gammaldi N, Pezzini F, Michelucci E, Di Giorgi N, Simonati A, Rocchiccioli S, Santorelli FM, Doccini S. Integrative human and murine multi-omics: Highlighting shared biomarkers in the neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 189:106349. [PMID: 37952681 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL) is a group of neurodegenerative disorders whose molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. Omics approaches are among the methods that generate new information on modifying factors and molecular signatures. Moreover, omics data integration can address the need to progressively expand knowledge around the disease and pinpoint specific proteins to promote as candidate biomarkers. In this work, we integrated a total of 62 proteomic and transcriptomic datasets originating from humans and mice, employing a new approach able to define dysregulated processes across species, stages and NCL forms. Moreover, we selected a pool of differentially expressed proteins and genes as species- and form-related biomarkers of disease status/progression and evaluated local and spatial differences in most affected brain regions. Our results offer promising targets for potential new therapeutic strategies and reinforce the hypothesis of a connection between NCLs and other forms of dementia, particularly Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Gammaldi
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Molecular Medicine for Neurodegenerative and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation - Pisa, Italy
| | - F Pezzini
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Paediatrics and Gynaecology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - E Michelucci
- Clinical Physiology-National Research Council (IFC-CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | - N Di Giorgi
- Clinical Physiology-National Research Council (IFC-CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | - A Simonati
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Paediatrics and Gynaecology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - S Rocchiccioli
- Clinical Physiology-National Research Council (IFC-CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | - F M Santorelli
- Molecular Medicine for Neurodegenerative and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation - Pisa, Italy
| | - S Doccini
- Molecular Medicine for Neurodegenerative and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation - Pisa, Italy.
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10
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Wang N, Zhu B, Allnutt MA, Grijalva RM, Zhao H, Chandra SS. Decoding transcriptomic signatures of Cysteine String Protein alpha-mediated synapse maintenance. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.02.560611. [PMID: 37873460 PMCID: PMC10592922 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.02.560611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Synapse maintenance is essential for generating functional circuitry and decrement in this process is a hallmark of neurodegenerative disease. While we are beginning to understand the basis of synapse formation, much less is known about synapse maintenance in vivo. Cysteine string protein α (CSPα), encoded by the Dnajc5 gene, is a synaptic vesicle chaperone that is necessary for synapse maintenance and linked to neurodegeneration. To investigate the transcriptional changes associated with synapse maintenance, we performed single nucleus transcriptomics on the cortex of young CSPα knockout (KO) mice and littermate controls. Through differential expression and gene ontology analysis, we observed that both neurons and glial cells exhibit unique signatures in CSPα KO brain. Significantly all neurons in CSPα KO brains show strong signatures of repression in synaptic pathways, while upregulating autophagy related genes. Through visualization of synapses and autophagosomes by electron microscopy, we confirmed these alterations especially in inhibitory synapses. By imputing cell-cell interactions, we found that neuron-glia interactions were specifically increased in CSPα KO mice. This was mediated by synaptogenic adhesion molecules, including the classical Neurexin1-Neuroligin 1 pair, suggesting that communication of glial cells with neurons is strengthened in CSPα KO mice in an attempt to achieve synapse maintenance. Together, this study reveals unique cellular and molecular transcriptional changes in CSPα KO cortex and provides new insights into synapse maintenance and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Wang
- Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Biqing Zhu
- Program of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mary Alice Allnutt
- Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Hongyu Zhao
- Program of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
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11
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Watanabe Y, Taguchi K, Tanaka M. Roles of Stress Response in Autophagy Processes and Aging-Related Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13804. [PMID: 37762105 PMCID: PMC10531041 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The heat shock factor 1 (HSF1)-mediated stress response pathway and autophagy processes play important roles in the maintenance of proteostasis. Autophagy processes are subdivided into three subtypes: macroautophagy, chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA), and microautophagy. Recently, molecular chaperones and co-factors were shown to be involved in the selective degradation of substrates by these three autophagy processes. This evidence suggests that autophagy processes are regulated in a coordinated manner by the HSF1-mediated stress response pathway. Recently, various studies have demonstrated that proteostasis pathways including HSF1 and autophagy are implicated in longevity. Furthermore, they serve as therapeutic targets for aging-related diseases such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. In the future, these studies will underpin the development of therapies against various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihisa Watanabe
- Department of Basic Geriatrics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamikyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Katsutoshi Taguchi
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 601-0841, Japan; (K.T.); (M.T.)
| | - Masaki Tanaka
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 601-0841, Japan; (K.T.); (M.T.)
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12
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Panjeshahi S, Karimzadeh P, Movafagh A, Ahmadabadi F, Rahimian E, Alijanpour S, Miryounesi M. Clinical and genetic characterization of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) in 29 Iranian patients: identification of 11 novel mutations. Hum Genet 2023; 142:1001-1016. [PMID: 37074398 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-023-02556-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) are neurodegenerative lysosomal storage diseases which are considered among the most frequent causes of dementia in childhood worldwide This study aimed to identify the gene variants, molecular etiologies, and clinical features in 23 unrelated Iranian families with NCL. In total, 29 patients with neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs), diagnosed based on clinical manifestations, MRI neuroimaging, and electroencephalography (EEG), were recruited for this study. Through whole-exome sequencing (WES), functional prediction, Sanger sequencing, and segregation analysis, we found that 12 patients (41.3%) with mutations in the CLN6 gene, 7 patients (24%) with the TPP1 (CLN2) gene variants, and 4 patients (13.7%) with mutations in the MFSD8 (CLN7) gene. Also, mutations in each of the CLN3 and CLN5 genes were detected in 2 cases and mutations of each PPT1 (CLN1) and CLN8 gene were observed in only 1 separate patient. We identified 18 different mutations, 11 (61%) of which are novel, never have been reported before, and the others have been previously described. The gene variants identified in this study expand the number of published clinical cases and the variant frequency spectrum of the neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) genes; moreover, the identification of these variants supplies foundational clues for future NCL diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samareh Panjeshahi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvaneh Karimzadeh
- Pediatric Neurology Research Center, Pediatric Neurology Department, Mofid Children's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Movafagh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Ahmadabadi
- Pediatric Neurology Research Center, Pediatric Neurology Department, Mofid Children's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Sahar Alijanpour
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Miryounesi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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13
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Klein M, Hermey G. Converging links between adult-onset neurodegenerative Alzheimer's disease and early life neurodegenerative neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis? Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:1463-1471. [PMID: 36571343 PMCID: PMC10075119 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.361544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence from genetics and from analyzing cellular and animal models have converged to suggest links between neurodegenerative disorders of early and late life. Here, we summarize emerging links between the most common late life neurodegenerative disease, Alzheimer's disease, and the most common early life neurodegenerative diseases, neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses. Genetic studies reported an overlap of clinically diagnosed Alzheimer's disease and mutations in genes known to cause neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses. Accumulating data strongly suggest dysfunction of intracellular trafficking mechanisms and the autophagy-endolysosome system in both types of neurodegenerative disorders. This suggests shared cytopathological processes underlying these different types of neurodegenerative diseases. A better understanding of the common mechanisms underlying the different diseases is important as this might lead to the identification of novel targets for therapeutic concepts, the transfer of therapeutic strategies from one disease to the other and therapeutic approaches tailored to patients with specific mutations. Here, we review dysfunctions of the endolysosomal autophagy pathway in Alzheimer's disease and neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses and summarize emerging etiologic and genetic overlaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Klein
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Cognition, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Guido Hermey
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Cognition, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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14
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Pannone L, Muto V, Nardecchia F, Di Rocco M, Marchei E, Tosato F, Petrini S, Onorato G, Lanza E, Bertuccini L, Manti F, Folli V, Galosi S, Di Schiavi E, Leuzzi V, Tartaglia M, Martinelli S. The recurrent pathogenic Pro890Leu substitution in CLTC causes a generalized defect in synaptic transmission in Caenorhabditis elegans. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1170061. [PMID: 37324589 PMCID: PMC10264582 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1170061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
De novo CLTC mutations underlie a spectrum of early-onset neurodevelopmental phenotypes having developmental delay/intellectual disability (ID), epilepsy, and movement disorders (MD) as major clinical features. CLTC encodes the widely expressed heavy polypeptide of clathrin, a major component of the coated vesicles mediating endocytosis, intracellular trafficking, and synaptic vesicle recycling. The underlying pathogenic mechanism is largely unknown. Here, we assessed the functional impact of the recurrent c.2669C > T (p.P890L) substitution, which is associated with a relatively mild ID/MD phenotype. Primary fibroblasts endogenously expressing the mutated protein show reduced transferrin uptake compared to fibroblast lines obtained from three unrelated healthy donors, suggesting defective clathrin-mediated endocytosis. In vitro studies also reveal a block in cell cycle transition from G0/G1 to the S phase in patient's cells compared to control cells. To demonstrate the causative role of the p.P890L substitution, the pathogenic missense change was introduced at the orthologous position of the Caenorhabditis elegans gene, chc-1 (p.P892L), via CRISPR/Cas9. The resulting homozygous gene-edited strain displays resistance to aldicarb and hypersensitivity to PTZ, indicating defective release of acetylcholine and GABA by ventral cord motor neurons. Consistently, mutant animals show synaptic vesicle depletion at the sublateral nerve cords, and slightly defective dopamine signaling, highlighting a generalized deficit in synaptic transmission. This defective release of neurotransmitters is associated with their secondary accumulation at the presynaptic membrane. Automated analysis of C. elegans locomotion indicates that chc-1 mutants move slower than their isogenic controls and display defective synaptic plasticity. Phenotypic profiling of chc-1 (+/P892L) heterozygous animals and transgenic overexpression experiments document a mild dominant-negative behavior for the mutant allele. Finally, a more severe phenotype resembling that of chc-1 null mutants is observed in animals harboring the c.3146 T > C substitution (p.L1049P), homologs of the pathogenic c.3140 T > C (p.L1047P) change associated with a severe epileptic phenotype. Overall, our findings provide novel insights into disease mechanisms and genotype-phenotype correlations of CLTC-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Pannone
- Molecular Genetics and Functional Genomics, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Muto
- Molecular Genetics and Functional Genomics, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Martina Di Rocco
- Department of Human Neuroscience, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Emilia Marchei
- National Centre on Addiction and Doping, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Tosato
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Petrini
- Confocal Microscopy Core Facility, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giada Onorato
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Science and Technologies, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Caserta, Italy
| | - Enrico Lanza
- Center for Life Nano Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
- D-Tails s.r.l., Rome, Italy
| | | | - Filippo Manti
- Department of Human Neuroscience, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Viola Folli
- Center for Life Nano Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
- D-Tails s.r.l., Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Galosi
- Department of Human Neuroscience, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Elia Di Schiavi
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Leuzzi
- Department of Human Neuroscience, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Tartaglia
- Molecular Genetics and Functional Genomics, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Martinelli
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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15
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Wang XQ, Chen CB, Zhao WJ, Fu GB, Zhai Y. Rare adult neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis associated with CLN6 gene mutations: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:3533-3541. [PMID: 37383919 PMCID: PMC10294197 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i15.3533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adult neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (ANCL) can be caused by compound heterozygous recessive mutations in CLN6. The main clinical features of the disease are neurodegeneration, progressive motor dysfunction, seizures, cognitive decline, ataxia, vision loss and premature death.
CASE SUMMARY A 37-year-old female presented to our clinic with a 3-year history of limb weakness and gradually experiencing unstable walking. The patient was diagnosed with CLN6 type ANCL after the identification of mutations in the CLN6 gene. The patient was treated with antiepileptic drugs. The patient is under ongoing follow-up. Unfortunately, the patient’s condition has deteriorated, and she is currently unable to care for herself.
CONCLUSION There is presently no effective treatment for ANCL. However, early diagnosis and symptomatic treatment are possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Qiang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Sanya People’s Hospital, West China (Sanya) Hospital, Sichuan University, Sanya 572000, Hainan Province, China
| | - Chuan-Bi Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Sanya Women and Children’s Hospital Managed by Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Sanya 572000, Hainan Province, China
| | - Wen-Jie Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou 570100, Hainan Province, China
| | - Guang-Bin Fu
- Department of Neurology, Hainan Western Central Hospital, Danzhou 571799, Hainan Province, China
| | - Yu Zhai
- Department of Neurology, Hainan Western Central Hospital, Danzhou 571799, Hainan Province, China
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16
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Barker E, Morgan A, Barclay JW. A Caenorhabditis elegans model of autosomal dominant adult-onset neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis identifies ethosuximide as a potential therapeutic. Hum Mol Genet 2023; 32:1772-1785. [PMID: 36282524 PMCID: PMC10196665 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant adult-onset neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (ANCL) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive dementia and premature death. Four ANCL-causing mutations have been identified, all mapping to the DNAJC5 gene that encodes cysteine string protein α (CSPα). Here, using Caenorhabditis elegans, we describe an animal model of ANCL in which disease-causing mutations are introduced into their endogenous chromosomal locus, thereby mirroring the human genetic disorder. This was achieved through CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing of dnj-14, the C. elegans ortholog of DNAJC5. The resultant homozygous ANCL mutant worms exhibited reduced lifespans and severely impaired chemotaxis, similar to isogenic dnj-14 null mutants. Importantly, these phenotypes were also seen in balanced heterozygotes carrying one wild-type and one ANCL mutant dnj-14 allele, mimicking the heterozygosity of ANCL patients. We observed a more severe chemotaxis phenotype in heterozygous ANCL mutant worms compared with haploinsufficient worms lacking one copy of CSP, consistent with a dominant-negative mechanism of action. Additionally, we provide evidence of CSP haploinsufficiency in longevity, as heterozygous null mutants exhibited significantly shorter lifespan than wild-type controls. The chemotaxis phenotype of dnj-14 null mutants was fully rescued by transgenic human CSPα, confirming the translational relevance of the worm model. Finally, a focused compound screen revealed that the anti-epileptic drug ethosuximide could restore chemotaxis in dnj-14 ANCL mutants to wild-type levels. This suggests that ethosuximide may have therapeutic potential for ANCL and demonstrates the utility of this C. elegans model for future larger-scale drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor Barker
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Cell Signalling, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown St, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - Alan Morgan
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Cell Signalling, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown St, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - Jeff W Barclay
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Cell Signalling, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown St, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
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17
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Nittari G, Tomassoni D, Roy P, Martinelli I, Tayebati SK, Amenta F. Batten disease through different in vivo and in vitro models: A review. J Neurosci Res 2023; 101:298-315. [PMID: 36434776 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Batten disease consists of a family of primarily autosomal recessive, progressive neuropediatric disorders, also known as neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs). These pathologies are characterized by seizures and visual, cognitive and motor decline, and premature death. The pathophysiology of this rare disease is still unclear despite the years of trials and financial aids. This paper has reviewed advantages and limits of in vivo and in vitro models of Batten disease from murine and larger animal models to primitive unicellular models, until the most recently developed patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells. For each model advantages, limits and applications were analyzed. The first prototypes investigated were murine models that due to their limits were replaced by larger animals. In vitro models gradually replaced animal models for practical, cost, and ethical reasons. Using induced pluripotent stem cells to study neurodegeneration is a new way of studying the disease, since they can be distinguished into differentiating elements like neurons, which are susceptible to neurodegeneration. In vivo and in vitro models have contributed to clarifying to some extent the pathophysiology of the disease. The collection and sharing of suitable human bio samples likely through biobanks can contribute to a better understanding, prevention, and to identify possible treatment strategies of Batten disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Nittari
- School of Medicinal and Health Products Sciences, Clinical Research, Telemedicine and Telepharmacy Center, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Daniele Tomassoni
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Proshanta Roy
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Ilenia Martinelli
- School of Medicinal and Health Products Sciences, Clinical Research, Telemedicine and Telepharmacy Center, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Seyed Khosrow Tayebati
- School of Medicinal and Health Products Sciences, Clinical Research, Telemedicine and Telepharmacy Center, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Francesco Amenta
- School of Medicinal and Health Products Sciences, Clinical Research, Telemedicine and Telepharmacy Center, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
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18
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Wu S, Hernandez Villegas NC, Sirkis DW, Thomas-Wright I, Wade-Martins R, Schekman R. Unconventional secretion of α-synuclein mediated by palmitoylated DNAJC5 oligomers. eLife 2023; 12:e85837. [PMID: 36626307 PMCID: PMC9876576 DOI: 10.7554/elife.85837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Alpha-synuclein (α-syn), a major component of Lewy bodies found in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients, has been found exported outside of cells and may mediate its toxicity via cell-to-cell transmission. Here, we reconstituted soluble, monomeric α-syn secretion by the expression of DnaJ homolog subfamily C member 5 (DNAJC5) in HEK293T cells. DNAJC5 undergoes palmitoylation and anchors on the membrane. Palmitoylation is essential for DNAJC5-induced α-syn secretion, and the secretion is not limited by substrate size or unfolding. Cytosolic α-syn is actively translocated and sequestered in an endosomal membrane compartment in a DNAJC5-dependent manner. Reduction of α-syn secretion caused by a palmitoylation-deficient mutation in DNAJC5 can be reversed by a membrane-targeting peptide fusion-induced oligomerization of DNAJC5. The secretion of endogenous α-syn mediated by DNAJC5 is also found in a human neuroblastoma cell line, SH-SY5Y, differentiated into neurons in the presence of retinoic acid, and in human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived midbrain dopamine neurons. We propose that DNAJC5 forms a palmitoylated oligomer to accommodate and export α-syn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenjie Wu
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | | | - Daniel W Sirkis
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Iona Thomas-Wright
- Oxford Parkinson’s Disease Centre, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics and Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Richard Wade-Martins
- Oxford Parkinson’s Disease Centre, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics and Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Randy Schekman
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
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19
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Lee J, Xu Y, Saidi L, Xu M, Zinsmaier K, Ye Y. Abnormal triaging of misfolded proteins by adult neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis-associated DNAJC5/CSPα mutants causes lipofuscin accumulation. Autophagy 2023; 19:204-223. [PMID: 35506243 PMCID: PMC9809949 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2065618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in DNAJC5/CSPα are associated with adult neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (ANCL), a dominant-inherited neurodegenerative disease featuring lysosome-derived autofluorescent storage materials (AFSMs) termed lipofuscin. Functionally, DNAJC5 has been implicated in chaperoning synaptic proteins and in misfolding-associated protein secretion (MAPS), but how DNAJC5 dysfunction causes lipofuscinosis and neurodegeneration is unclear. Here we report two functionally distinct but coupled chaperoning activities of DNAJC5, which jointly regulate lysosomal homeostasis: While endolysosome-associated DNAJC5 promotes ESCRT-dependent microautophagy, a fraction of perinuclear and non-lysosomal DNAJC5 mediates MAPS. Functional proteomics identifies a previously unknown DNAJC5 interactor SLC3A2/CD98hc that is essential for the perinuclear DNAJC5 localization and MAPS but dispensable for microautophagy. Importantly, uncoupling these two processes, as seen in cells lacking SLC3A2 or expressing ANCL-associated DNAJC5 mutants, generates DNAJC5-containing AFSMs resembling NCL patient-derived lipofuscin and induces neurodegeneration in a Drosophila ANCL model. These findings suggest that MAPS safeguards microautophagy to avoid DNAJC5-associated lipofuscinosis and neurodegeneration.Abbreviations: 3-MA: 3-methyladenine; ACTB: actin beta; AFSM: autofluorescent storage materials; ANCL: adult neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis; Baf. A1: bafilomycin A1; CLN: ceroid lipofuscinosis neuronal; CLU: clusterin; CS: cysteine string domain of DNAJC5/CSPα; CUPS: compartment for unconventional protein secretion; DN: dominant negative; DNAJC5/CSPα: DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member C5; eMI: endosomal microautophagy; ESCRT: endosomal sorting complex required for transport; GFP: green fluorescent protein; HSPA8/HSC70: heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 8; INCL: infant neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis; JNCL: juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis; KO: knockout; LAMP1: lysosomal associated membrane protein 1; LAPTM4B: lysosomal protein transmembrane 4 beta; LN: linker domain of DNAJC5/CSPα; MAPS: misfolding-associated protein secretion; mCh/Ch: mCherry; mCi/Ci: mCitrine; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; NCL: neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis; PPT1: palmitoyl-protein thioesterase 1; PQC: protein quality control; SBP: streptavidin binding protein; SGT: small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide repeat; shRNA: short hairpin RNA; SLC3A2/CD98hc: solute carrier family 3 member 2; SNCA/α-synuclein: synuclein alpha; TMED10: transmembrane p24 trafficking protein 10; UV: ultraviolet; VPS4: vacuolar protein sorting 4 homolog; WT: wild type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhyung Lee
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yue Xu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Layla Saidi
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Miao Xu
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Konrad Zinsmaier
- Departments of Neuroscience and Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Yihong Ye
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA,CONTACT Yihong Ye Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD20892, USA
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20
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Braun JE. Extracellular chaperone networks and the export of J-domain proteins. J Biol Chem 2022; 299:102840. [PMID: 36581212 PMCID: PMC9867986 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
An extracellular network of molecular chaperones protects a diverse array of proteins that reside in or pass through extracellular spaces. Proteins in the extracellular milieu face numerous challenges that can lead to protein misfolding and aggregation. As a checkpoint for proteins that move between cells, extracellular chaperone networks are of growing clinical relevance. J-domain proteins (JDPs) are ubiquitous molecular chaperones that are known for their essential roles in a wide array of fundamental cellular processes through their regulation of heat shock protein 70s. As the largest molecular chaperone family, JDPs have long been recognized for their diverse functions within cells. Some JDPs are elegantly selective for their "client proteins," some do not discriminate among substrates and others act cooperatively on the same target. The realization that JDPs are exported through both classical and unconventional secretory pathways has fueled investigation into the roles that JDPs play in protein quality control and intercellular communication. The proposed functions of exported JDPs are diverse. Studies suggest that export of DnaJB11 enhances extracellular proteostasis, that intercellular movement of DnaJB1 or DnaJB6 enhances the proteostasis capacity in recipient cells, whereas the import of DnaJB8 increases resistance to chemotherapy in recipient cancer cells. In addition, the export of DnaJC5 and concurrent DnaJC5-dependent ejection of dysfunctional and aggregation-prone proteins are implicated in the prevention of neurodegeneration. This review provides a brief overview of the current understanding of the extracellular chaperone networks and outlines the first wave of studies describing the cellular export of JDPs.
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21
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Huang L, Zhang Z. CSPα in neurodegenerative diseases. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1043384. [DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1043384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult-onset neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (ANCL) is a rare neurodegenerative disease characterized by epilepsy, cognitive degeneration, and motor disorders caused by mutations in the DNAJC5 gene. In addition to being associated with ANCL disease, the cysteine string proteins α (CSPα) encoded by the DNAJC5 gene have been implicated in several neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Huntington's disease. However, the pathogenic mechanism responsible for these neurodegenerative diseases has not yet been elucidated. Therefore, this study examines the functional properties of the CSPα protein and the related mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases.
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22
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Lysosomal exocytosis releases pathogenic α-synuclein species from neurons in synucleinopathy models. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4918. [PMID: 35995799 PMCID: PMC9395532 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32625-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Considerable evidence supports the release of pathogenic aggregates of the neuronal protein α-Synuclein (αSyn) into the extracellular space. While this release is proposed to instigate the neuron-to-neuron transmission and spread of αSyn pathology in synucleinopathies including Parkinson’s disease, the molecular-cellular mechanism(s) remain unclear. To study this, we generated a new mouse model to specifically immunoisolate neuronal lysosomes, and established a long-term culture model where αSyn aggregates are produced within neurons without the addition of exogenous fibrils. We show that neuronally generated pathogenic species of αSyn accumulate within neuronal lysosomes in mouse brains and primary neurons. We then find that neurons release these pathogenic αSyn species via SNARE-dependent lysosomal exocytosis. The released aggregates are non-membrane enveloped and seeding-competent. Additionally, we find that this release is dependent on neuronal activity and cytosolic Ca2+. These results propose lysosomal exocytosis as a central mechanism for the release of aggregated and degradation-resistant proteins from neurons. Release of α-synuclein aggregates by neurons instigates spread of pathology in synucleinopathies, but the mechanism remains unclear. Here the authors show that neuronally generated α-synuclein aggregates accumulate within neuronal lysosomes and are released via SNARE-dependent lysosomal exocytosis.
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23
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Wang Y, Cao X, Liu P, Zeng W, Peng R, Shi Q, Feng K, Zhang P, Sun H, Wang C, Wang H. KCTD7 mutations impair the trafficking of lysosomal enzymes through CLN5 accumulation to cause neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabm5578. [PMID: 35921411 PMCID: PMC9348797 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abm5578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lysosomes are central organelles for cellular degradation and energy metabolism. Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) are a group of the most common neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorders characterized by intracellular accumulation of ceroid in neurons. Mutations in KCTD7, a gene encoding an adaptor of the CUL3-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase (CRL3) complex, are categorized as a unique NCL subtype. However, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we report various lysosomal and autophagic defects in KCTD7-deficient cells. Mechanistically, the CRL3-KCTD7 complex degrades CLN5, whereas patient-derived KCTD7 mutations disrupt the interaction between KCTD7-CUL3 or KCTD7-CLN5 and ultimately lead to excessive accumulation of CLN5. The accumulated CLN5 disrupts the interaction between CLN6/8 and lysosomal enzymes at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), subsequently impairing ER-to-Golgi trafficking of lysosomal enzymes. Our findings reveal previously unrecognized roles of KCTD7-mediated CLN5 proteolysis in lysosomal homeostasis and demonstrate that KCTD7 and CLN5 are biochemically linked and function in a common neurodegenerative pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalan Wang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Children’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaotong Cao
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Children’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei Liu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Children’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weijia Zeng
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Children’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Peng
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Children’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Shi
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Children’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Feng
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Children’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pingzhao Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiru Sun
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Children’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenji Wang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Children’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Children’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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24
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Rupawala H, Shah K, Davies C, Rose J, Colom-Cadena M, Peng X, Granat L, Aljuhani M, Mizuno K, Troakes C, Perez-Nievas BG, Morgan A, So PW, Hortobagyi T, Spires-Jones TL, Noble W, Giese KP. Cysteine string protein alpha accumulates with early pre-synaptic dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease. Brain Commun 2022; 4:fcac192. [PMID: 35928052 PMCID: PMC9345313 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcac192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In Alzheimer’s disease, synapse loss causes memory and cognitive impairment. However, the mechanisms underlying synaptic degeneration in Alzheimer’s disease are not well understood. In the hippocampus, alterations in the level of cysteine string protein alpha, a molecular co-chaperone at the pre-synaptic terminal, occur prior to reductions in synaptophysin, suggesting that it is a very sensitive marker of synapse degeneration in Alzheimer’s. Here, we identify putative extracellular accumulations of cysteine string alpha protein, which are proximal to beta-amyloid deposits in post-mortem human Alzheimer’s brain and in the brain of a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease. Cysteine string protein alpha, at least some of which is phosphorylated at serine 10, accumulates near the core of beta-amyloid deposits and does not co-localize with hyperphosphorylated tau, dystrophic neurites or glial cells. Using super-resolution microscopy and array tomography, cysteine string protein alpha was found to accumulate to a greater extent than other pre-synaptic proteins and at a comparatively great distance from the plaque core. This indicates that cysteine string protein alpha is most sensitive to being released from pre-synapses at low concentrations of beta-amyloid oligomers. Cysteine string protein alpha accumulations were also evident in other neurodegenerative diseases, including some fronto-temporal lobar dementias and Lewy body diseases, but only in the presence of amyloid plaques. Our findings are consistent with suggestions that pre-synapses are affected early in Alzheimer’s disease, and they demonstrate that cysteine string protein alpha is a more sensitive marker for early pre-synaptic dysfunction than traditional synaptic markers. We suggest that cysteine string protein alpha should be used as a pathological marker for early synaptic disruption caused by beta-amyloid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huzefa Rupawala
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience , 5 Cutcombe Road, London SE5 9RX , UK
| | - Keshvi Shah
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience , 5 Cutcombe Road, London SE5 9RX , UK
| | - Caitlin Davies
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences and the UK Dementia Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh , 1 George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ , UK
| | - Jamie Rose
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences and the UK Dementia Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh , 1 George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ , UK
| | - Marti Colom-Cadena
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences and the UK Dementia Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh , 1 George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ , UK
| | - Xianhui Peng
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience , 5 Cutcombe Road, London SE5 9RX , UK
| | - Lucy Granat
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience , 5 Cutcombe Road, London SE5 9RX , UK
| | - Manal Aljuhani
- Department of Neuroimaging, King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience , 5 Cutcombe Road, London SE5 9RX , UK
| | - Keiko Mizuno
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience , 5 Cutcombe Road, London SE5 9RX , UK
| | - Claire Troakes
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience , 5 Cutcombe Road, London SE5 9RX , UK
| | - Beatriz Gomez Perez-Nievas
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience , 5 Cutcombe Road, London SE5 9RX , UK
| | - Alan Morgan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool , Liverpool L69 3BX , UK
| | - Po-Wah So
- Department of Neuroimaging, King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience , 5 Cutcombe Road, London SE5 9RX , UK
| | - Tibor Hortobagyi
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience , 5 Cutcombe Road, London SE5 9RX , UK
- Department of Neurology, ELKH-DE Cerebrovascular and Neurodegenerative Research Group, University of Debrecen , 4032 Debrecen , Hungary
| | - Tara L Spires-Jones
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences and the UK Dementia Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh , 1 George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ , UK
| | - Wendy Noble
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience , 5 Cutcombe Road, London SE5 9RX , UK
| | - Karl Peter Giese
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience , 5 Cutcombe Road, London SE5 9RX , UK
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25
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Lee J, Xu Y, Ye Y. Safeguarding Lysosomal Homeostasis by DNAJC5/CSPα-Mediated Unconventional Protein Secretion and Endosomal Microautophagy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:906453. [PMID: 35620055 PMCID: PMC9127312 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.906453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL) is a collection of genetically inherited neurological disorders characterized by vision loss, seizure, brain death, and premature lethality. At the cellular level, a key pathologic hallmark of NCL is the build-up of autofluorescent storage materials (AFSM) in lysosomes of both neurons and non-neuronal cells. Molecular dissection of the genetic lesions underlying NCLs has shed significant insights into how disruption of lysosomal homeostasis may lead to lipofuscin accumulation and NCLs. Intriguingly, recent studies on DNAJC5/CSPα, a membrane associated HSC70 co-chaperone, have unexpectedly linked lipofuscin accumulation to two intimately coupled protein quality control processes at endolysosomes. This review discusses how deregulation of unconventional protein secretion and endosomal microautophagy (eMI) contributes to lipofuscin accumulation and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhyung Lee
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Yue Xu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Yihong Ye
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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26
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Li W, Cologna SM. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics in neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorders. Mol Omics 2022; 18:256-278. [PMID: 35343995 PMCID: PMC9098683 DOI: 10.1039/d2mo00004k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The major function of the lysosome is to degrade unwanted materials such as lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids; therefore, deficits of the lysosomal system can result in improper degradation and trafficking of these biomolecules. Diseases associated with lysosomal failure can be lethal and are termed lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs), which affect 1 in 5000 live births collectively. LSDs are inherited metabolic diseases caused by mutations in single lysosomal and non-lysosomal proteins and resulting in the subsequent accumulation of macromolecules within. Most LSD patients present with neurodegenerative clinical symptoms, as well as damage in other organs. The discovery of new biomarkers is necessary to understand and monitor these diseases and to track therapeutic progress. Over the past ten years, mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics has flourished in the biomarker studies in many diseases, including neurodegenerative, and more specifically, LSDs. In this review, biomarkers of disease pathophysiology and monitoring of LSDs revealed by MS-based proteomics are discussed, including examples from Niemann-Pick disease type C, Fabry disease, neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinoses, mucopolysaccharidosis, Krabbe disease, mucolipidosis, and Gaucher disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenping Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA.
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27
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Rus CM, Weissensteiner T, Pereira C, Susnea I, Danquah BD, Morales Torres G, Rocha ME, Cozma C, Saravanakumar D, Mannepalli S, Kandaswamy KK, Di Bucchianico S, Zimmermann R, Rolfs A, Bauer P, Beetz C. Clinical and genetic characterization of a cohort of 97 CLN6 patients tested at a single center. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2022; 17:179. [PMID: 35505348 PMCID: PMC9066917 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-022-02288-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ceroid lipofuscinoses neuronal 6 (CLN6) disease belongs to the neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs), complex and genetically heterogeneous disorders with wide geographical and phenotypic variation. The first clinical signs usually appear between 18 months and 8 years, but examples of later-onset have also been reported. Common manifestations include ataxia, seizures, vision impairment, and developmental regression. Because these are shared by other neurological diseases, identification of CLN6 genetic variants is imperative for early diagnosis. Results We present one of the largest cohorts to date of genetically diagnosed CLN6 patients screened at a single center. In total 97 subjects, originating from 20 countries were screened between 2010 and 2020. They comprised 86 late-infantile, eight juvenile, and three adult-onset cases (two patients with Kufs disease type A, and one with teenage progressive myoclonic epilepsy). The male to female ratio was 1.06: 1.00. The age at referral was between six months and 33 years. The time from disease onset to referral ranged from less than 1 month to 8.3 years. The clinical phenotype consisted of a combination of symptoms, as reported before. We characterized a total of 45 distinct variants defining 45 distinct genotypes. Twenty-four were novel variants, some with distinct geographic associations. Remarkably, c.257A > G (p.H86R) was present in five out of 23 unrelated Egyptian individuals but in no patients from other countries. The most common genotype was homozygosity for the c.794_796del in-frame deletion. It was present in about one-third of CLN6 patients (28 unrelated cases, and 2 familial cases), all with late-infantile onset. Variants with a high likelihood of causing loss of CLN6 function were found in 21% of cases and made up 33% of all distinct variants. Forty-four percent of variants were classified as pathogenic or likely pathogenic. Conclusions Our study significantly expands the number of published clinical cases and the mutational spectrum of disease-associated CLN6 variants, especially for the Middle Eastern and North African regions. We confirm previous observations regarding the most prevalent symptoms and recommend including CLN6 in the genetic diagnosis of patients presenting with early-onset abnormalities of the nervous system, musculoskeletal system, and eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina-Marcela Rus
- Centogene GmbH, Am Strande 7, 18057, Rostock, Germany. .,Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock, Dr.-Lorenz-Weg 2, 18059, Rostock, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Claudia Cozma
- Centogene GmbH, Am Strande 7, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Ralf Zimmermann
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock, Dr.-Lorenz-Weg 2, 18059, Rostock, Germany.,Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Arndt Rolfs
- Centogene GmbH, Am Strande 7, 18057, Rostock, Germany.,Arcensus GmbH, Goethestrasse 20, 18055, Rostock, Germany
| | - Peter Bauer
- Centogene GmbH, Am Strande 7, 18057, Rostock, Germany.,Department of Medicine, Clinic III, Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Medicine, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
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28
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Simonati A, Williams RE. Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis: The Multifaceted Approach to the Clinical Issues, an Overview. Front Neurol 2022; 13:811686. [PMID: 35359645 PMCID: PMC8961688 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.811686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The main aim of this review is to summarize the current state-of-art in the field of childhood Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis (NCL), a group of rare neurodegenerative disorders. These are genetic diseases associated with the formation of toxic endo-lysosomal storage. Following a brief historical review of the evolution of NCL definition, a clinically-oriented approach is used describing how the early symptoms and signs affecting motor, visual, cognitive domains, and including seizures, may lead clinicians to a rapid molecular diagnosis, avoiding the long diagnostic odyssey commonly observed. We go on to focus on recent advances in NCL research and summarize contributions to knowledge of the pathogenic mechanisms underlying NCL. We describe the large variety of experimental models which have aided this research, as well as the most recent technological developments which have shed light on the main mechanisms involved in the cellular pathology, such as apoptosis and autophagy. The search for innovative therapies is described. Translation of experimental data into therapeutic approaches is being established for several of the NCLs, and one drug is now commercially available. Lastly, we show the importance of palliative care and symptomatic treatments which are still the main therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Simonati
- Departments of Surgery, Dentistry, Paediatrics, and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, AOUI-VR, Verona, Italy
- *Correspondence: Alessandro Simonati
| | - Ruth E. Williams
- Department of Children's Neuroscience, Evelina London Children's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- Ruth E. Williams
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29
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Storey CL, Williams RSB, Fisher PR, Annesley SJ. Dictyostelium discoideum: A Model System for Neurological Disorders. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030463. [PMID: 35159273 PMCID: PMC8833889 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The incidence of neurological disorders is increasing due to population growth and extended life expectancy. Despite advances in the understanding of these disorders, curative strategies for treatment have not yet eventuated. In part, this is due to the complexities of the disorders and a lack of identification of their specific underlying pathologies. Dictyostelium discoideum has provided a useful, simple model to aid in unraveling the complex pathological characteristics of neurological disorders including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses and lissencephaly. In addition, D. discoideum has proven to be an innovative model for pharmaceutical research in the neurological field. Scope of review: This review describes the contributions of D. discoideum in the field of neurological research. The continued exploration of proteins implicated in neurological disorders in D. discoideum may elucidate their pathological roles and fast-track curative therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Louise Storey
- Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, La Trobe University, Bundoora 3086, Australia; (C.L.S.); (P.R.F.)
| | - Robin Simon Brooke Williams
- Centre for Biomedical Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham TW20 0EX, UK;
| | - Paul Robert Fisher
- Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, La Trobe University, Bundoora 3086, Australia; (C.L.S.); (P.R.F.)
| | - Sarah Jane Annesley
- Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, La Trobe University, Bundoora 3086, Australia; (C.L.S.); (P.R.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-394-791-412
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30
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Lewis PA. Vesicular dysfunction and pathways to neurodegeneration. Essays Biochem 2021; 65:941-948. [PMID: 34897416 PMCID: PMC8709888 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20210034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cellular control of vesicle biology and trafficking is critical for cell viability, with disruption of these pathways within the cells of the central nervous system resulting in neurodegeneration and disease. The past two decades have provided important insights into both the genetic and biological links between vesicle trafficking and neurodegeneration. In this essay, the pathways that have emerged as being critical for neuronal survival in the human brain will be discussed - illustrating the diversity of proteins and cellular events with three molecular case studies drawn from different neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick A Lewis
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, United States of America
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31
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Wang Y, Zeng W, Lin B, Yao Y, Li C, Hu W, Wu H, Huang J, Zhang M, Xue T, Ren D, Qu L, Cang C. CLN7 is an organellar chloride channel regulating lysosomal function. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabj9608. [PMID: 34910516 PMCID: PMC8673761 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj9608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) are a group of autosomal recessive lysosomal storage diseases. One variant form of late-infantile NCL (vLINCL) is caused by mutations of a lysosomal membrane protein CLN7, the function of which has remained unknown. Here, we identified CLN7 as a novel endolysosomal chloride channel. Overexpression of CLN7 increases endolysosomal chloride currents and enlarges endolysosomes through a Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent way. Human CLN7 and its yeast homolog exhibit characteristics of chloride channels and are sensitive to chloride channel blockers. Moreover, CLN7 regulates lysosomal chloride conductance, luminal pH, and lysosomal membrane potential and promotes the release of lysosomal Ca2+ through transient receptor potential mucolipin 1 (TRPML1). Knocking out CLN7 causes pathological features that are similar to those of patients with vLINCL, including retinal degeneration and autofluorescent lipofuscin. The pathogenic mutations in CLN7 lead to a decrease in chloride permeability, suggesting that reconstitution of lysosomal Cl− homeostasis may be an effective strategy for the treatment of vLINCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayu Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Neurodegenerative Disorder Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Wenping Zeng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Neurodegenerative Disorder Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Bingqian Lin
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Neurodegenerative Disorder Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yichuan Yao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Canjun Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Neurodegenerative Disorder Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Wenqi Hu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Neurodegenerative Disorder Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Haotian Wu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Neurodegenerative Disorder Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jiamin Huang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Neurodegenerative Disorder Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Mei Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Tian Xue
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Neurodegenerative Disorder Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Dejian Ren
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Lili Qu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Neurodegenerative Disorder Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Corresponding author. (L.Q.); (C.C.)
| | - Chunlei Cang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Neurodegenerative Disorder Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Corresponding author. (L.Q.); (C.C.)
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32
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Petropavlovskiy A, Kogut J, Leekha A, Townsend C, Sanders S. A sticky situation: regulation and function of protein palmitoylation with a spotlight on the axon and axon initial segment. Neuronal Signal 2021; 5:NS20210005. [PMID: 34659801 PMCID: PMC8495546 DOI: 10.1042/ns20210005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In neurons, the axon and axon initial segment (AIS) are critical structures for action potential initiation and propagation. Their formation and function rely on tight compartmentalisation, a process where specific proteins are trafficked to and retained at distinct subcellular locations. One mechanism which regulates protein trafficking and association with lipid membranes is the modification of protein cysteine residues with the 16-carbon palmitic acid, known as S-acylation or palmitoylation. Palmitoylation, akin to phosphorylation, is reversible, with palmitate cycling being mediated by substrate-specific enzymes. Palmitoylation is well-known to be highly prevalent among neuronal proteins and is well studied in the context of the synapse. Comparatively, how palmitoylation regulates trafficking and clustering of axonal and AIS proteins remains less understood. This review provides an overview of the current understanding of the biochemical regulation of palmitoylation, its involvement in various neurological diseases, and the most up-to-date perspective on axonal palmitoylation. Through a palmitoylation analysis of the AIS proteome, we also report that an overwhelming proportion of AIS proteins are likely palmitoylated. Overall, our review and analysis confirm a central role for palmitoylation in the formation and function of the axon and AIS and provide a resource for further exploration of palmitoylation-dependent protein targeting to and function at the AIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey A. Petropavlovskiy
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd E, Guelph N1G 2W1, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jordan A. Kogut
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd E, Guelph N1G 2W1, Ontario, Canada
| | - Arshia Leekha
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd E, Guelph N1G 2W1, Ontario, Canada
| | - Charlotte A. Townsend
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd E, Guelph N1G 2W1, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shaun S. Sanders
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd E, Guelph N1G 2W1, Ontario, Canada
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With or without You: Co-Chaperones Mediate Health and Disease by Modifying Chaperone Function and Protein Triage. Cells 2021; 10:cells10113121. [PMID: 34831344 PMCID: PMC8619055 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are a family of molecular chaperones that regulate essential protein refolding and triage decisions to maintain protein homeostasis. Numerous co-chaperone proteins directly interact and modify the function of HSPs, and these interactions impact the outcome of protein triage, impacting everything from structural proteins to cell signaling mediators. The chaperone/co-chaperone machinery protects against various stressors to ensure cellular function in the face of stress. However, coding mutations, expression changes, and post-translational modifications of the chaperone/co-chaperone machinery can alter the cellular stress response. Importantly, these dysfunctions appear to contribute to numerous human diseases. Therapeutic targeting of chaperones is an attractive but challenging approach due to the vast functions of HSPs, likely contributing to the off-target effects of these therapies. Current efforts focus on targeting co-chaperones to develop precise treatments for numerous diseases caused by defects in protein quality control. This review focuses on the recent developments regarding selected HSP70/HSP90 co-chaperones, with a concentration on cardioprotection, neuroprotection, cancer, and autoimmune diseases. We also discuss therapeutic approaches that highlight both the utility and challenges of targeting co-chaperones.
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Gardner E, Mole SE. The Genetic Basis of Phenotypic Heterogeneity in the Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinoses. Front Neurol 2021; 12:754045. [PMID: 34733232 PMCID: PMC8558747 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.754045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) are a group of inherited neurodegenerative disorders that affect children and adults. They share some similar clinical features and the accumulation of autofluorescent storage material. Since the discovery of the first causative genes, more than 530 mutations have been identified across 13 genes in cases diagnosed with NCL. These genes encode a variety of proteins whose functions have not been fully defined; most are lysosomal enzymes, or transmembrane proteins of the lysosome or other organelles. Many mutations in these genes are associated with a typical NCL disease phenotype. However, increasing numbers of variant disease phenotypes are being described, affecting age of onset, severity or progression, and including some distinct clinical phenotypes. This data is collated by the NCL Mutation Database which allows analysis from many perspectives. This article will summarise and interpret current knowledge and understanding of their genetic basis and phenotypic heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Gardner
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology and Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sara E Mole
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology and Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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Matinyan N, Karkhanis MS, Gonzalez Y, Jain A, Saltzman A, Malovannaya A, Sarrion-Perdigones A, Dierick HA, Venken KJT. Multiplexed drug-based selection and counterselection genetic manipulations in Drosophila. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109700. [PMID: 34525356 PMCID: PMC8480232 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The power of Drosophila melanogaster as a model system relies on tractable germline genetic manipulations. Despite Drosophila's expansive genetics toolbox, such manipulations are still accomplished one change at a time and depend predominantly on phenotypic screening. We describe a drug-based genetic platform consisting of four selection and two counterselection markers, eliminating the need to screen for modified progeny. These markers work reliably individually or in combination to produce specific genetic outcomes. We demonstrate three example applications of multiplexed drug-based genetics by generating (1) transgenic animals, expressing both components of binary overexpression systems in a single transgenesis step; (2) dual selectable and counterselectable balancer chromosomes; and (3) selectable, fluorescently tagged P[acman] bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) strains. We perform immunoprecipitation followed by proteomic analysis on one tagged BAC line, demonstrating our platform's applicability to biological discovery. Lastly, we provide a plasmid library resource to facilitate custom transgene design and technology transfer to other model systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick Matinyan
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Integrative Molecular Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mansi S Karkhanis
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yezabel Gonzalez
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Antrix Jain
- Advanced Technology Cores, Mass Spectrometry Proteomics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Alexander Saltzman
- Advanced Technology Cores, Mass Spectrometry Proteomics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Anna Malovannaya
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Advanced Technology Cores, Mass Spectrometry Proteomics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Alejandro Sarrion-Perdigones
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Herman A Dierick
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Koen J T Venken
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Integrative Molecular Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; McNair Medical Institute at The Robert and Janice McNair Foundation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Tuermer A, Mausbach S, Kaade E, Damme M, Sylvester M, Gieselmann V, Thelen M. CLN6 deficiency causes selective changes in the lysosomal protein composition. Proteomics 2021; 21:e2100043. [PMID: 34432360 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202100043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) collectively account for the highest prevalence of inherited neurodegenerative diseases in childhood. This disease group is classified by the deposition of similar autofluorescence storage material in lysosomes that is accompanied by seizures, blindness and premature mortality in later disease stages. Defects in several genes affecting various proteins lead to NCL, one of them being CLN6, a transmembrane protein resident in the endoplasmic reticulum. Dysfunctionality of CLN6 causes variant late infantile NCL (vLINCL). The function of CLN6 and how its deficiency affects lysosomal integrity remains unknown. In this work, we performed a comparative proteomic analysis of isolated lysosomal fractions from liver tissue of nclf mice, a natural mouse model displaying a similar disease course than its human counterpart. We could identify a drastic reduction in the protein amounts of selected lysosomal proteins, amongst them several members of the NCL protein family. Most of these proteins were N-glycosylated, soluble hydrolases and their reduction in protein levels was verified by western blotting and enzymatic assays. Hereby we could directly link Cln6 dysfunction to changes in the lysosomal compartment and to other NCL forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Tuermer
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rheinische-Friedrich-Wilhelms-University, Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Simone Mausbach
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rheinische-Friedrich-Wilhelms-University, Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Edgar Kaade
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rheinische-Friedrich-Wilhelms-University, Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Markus Damme
- Institute of Biochemistry, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Marc Sylvester
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rheinische-Friedrich-Wilhelms-University, Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Volkmar Gieselmann
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rheinische-Friedrich-Wilhelms-University, Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Melanie Thelen
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rheinische-Friedrich-Wilhelms-University, Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
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The bacterial toxin ExoU requires a host trafficking chaperone for transportation and to induce necrosis. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4024. [PMID: 34188051 PMCID: PMC8241856 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24337-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa can cause nosocomial infections, especially in ventilated or cystic fibrosis patients. Highly pathogenic isolates express the phospholipase ExoU, an effector of the type III secretion system that acts on plasma membrane lipids, causing membrane rupture and host cell necrosis. Here, we use a genome-wide screen to discover that ExoU requires DNAJC5, a host chaperone, for its necrotic activity. DNAJC5 is known to participate in an unconventional secretory pathway for misfolded proteins involving anterograde vesicular trafficking. We show that DNAJC5-deficient human cells, or Drosophila flies knocked-down for the DNAJC5 orthologue, are largely resistant to ExoU-dependent virulence. ExoU colocalizes with DNAJC5-positive vesicles in the host cytoplasm. DNAJC5 mutations preventing vesicle trafficking (previously identified in adult neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis, a human congenital disease) inhibit ExoU-dependent cell lysis. Our results suggest that, once injected into the host cytoplasm, ExoU docks to DNAJC5-positive secretory vesicles to reach the plasma membrane, where it can exert its phospholipase activity Phospholipase ExoU from Pseudomonas aeruginosa acts on plasma membrane lipids in infected cells, causing membrane rupture and host cell necrosis. Here, Deruelle et al. show that once injected into the host cytoplasm, ExoU requires a host chaperone found on secretory vesicles to reach the plasma membrane and exerts its phospholipase activity.
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Singh RB, Gupta P, Kartik A, Farooqui N, Singhal S, Shergill S, Singh KP, Agarwal A. Ocular Manifestations of Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinoses. Semin Ophthalmol 2021; 36:582-595. [PMID: 34106804 DOI: 10.1080/08820538.2021.1936571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) are a group of rare neurodegenerative storage disorders associated with devastating visual prognosis, with an incidence of 1/1,000,000 in the United States and comparatively higher incidence in European countries. The pathophysiological mechanisms causing NCLs occur due to enzymatic or transmembrane defects in various sub-cellular organelles including lysosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, and cytoplasmic vesicles. NCLs are categorized into different types depending upon the underlying cause i.e., soluble lysosomal enzyme deficiencies or non-enzymatic deficiencies (functions of identified proteins), which are sub-divided based on an axial classification system. In this review, we have evaluated the current evidence in the literature and reported the incidence rates, underlying mechanisms and currently available management protocols for these rare set of neuroophthalmological disorders. Additionally, we also highlighted the potential therapies under development that can expand the treatment of these rare disorders beyond symptomatic relief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Bir Singh
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Prakash Gupta
- Department of Internal Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Akash Kartik
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Naba Farooqui
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Sachi Singhal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Sukhman Shergill
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kanwar Partap Singh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dayanand Medical College & Hospital, Ludhiana, India
| | - Aniruddha Agarwal
- Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Marshall JN, Lopez AI, Pfaff AL, Koks S, Quinn JP, Bubb VJ. Variable number tandem repeats - Their emerging role in sickness and health. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2021; 246:1368-1376. [PMID: 33794697 PMCID: PMC8239992 DOI: 10.1177/15353702211003511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms regulating tissue specific and stimulus inducible
regulation is at the heart of understanding human biology and how this
translates to wellbeing, the ageing process, and disease progression.
Polymorphic DNA variation is superimposed as an extra layer of complexity in
such processes which underpin our individuality and are the focus of
personalized medicine. This review focuses on the role and action of repetitive
DNA, specifically variable number tandem repeats and
SINE-VNTR-Alu domains, highlighting their role in
modification of gene structure and gene expression in addition to their
polymorphic nature being a genetic modifier of disease risk and progression.
Although the literature focuses on their role in disease, it illustrates their
potential to be major contributors to normal physiological function. To date,
these elements have been under-reported in genomic analysis due to the
difficulties in their characterization with short read DNA sequencing methods.
However, recent advances in long read sequencing methods should resolve these
problems allowing for a greater understanding of their contribution to a host of
genomic and functional mechanisms underlying physiology and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Ng Marshall
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - Ana Illera Lopez
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - Abigail L Pfaff
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.,Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Sulev Koks
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.,Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - John P Quinn
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - Vivien J Bubb
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
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Abstract
Epidemiological studies have reported an inverse correlation between cancer and neurodegenerative disorders, and increasing evidence shows that similar genes and pathways are dysregulated in both diseases but in a contrasting manner. Given the genetic convergence of the neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs), a family of rare neurodegenerative disorders commonly known as Batten disease, and other neurodegenerative diseases, we sought to explore the relationship between cancer and the NCLs. In this review, we survey data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and available literature on the roles of NCL genes in different oncogenic processes to reveal links between all the NCL genes and cancer-related processes. We also discuss the potential contributions of NCL genes to cancer immunology. Based on our findings, we propose that further research on the relationship between cancer and the NCLs may help shed light on the roles of NCL genes in both diseases and possibly guide therapy development.
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Rigon L, De Filippis C, Napoli B, Tomanin R, Orso G. Exploiting the Potential of Drosophila Models in Lysosomal Storage Disorders: Pathological Mechanisms and Drug Discovery. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9030268. [PMID: 33800050 PMCID: PMC8000850 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9030268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) represent a complex and heterogeneous group of rare genetic diseases due to mutations in genes coding for lysosomal enzymes, membrane proteins or transporters. This leads to the accumulation of undegraded materials within lysosomes and a broad range of severe clinical features, often including the impairment of central nervous system (CNS). When available, enzyme replacement therapy slows the disease progression although it is not curative; also, most recombinant enzymes cannot cross the blood-brain barrier, leaving the CNS untreated. The inefficient degradative capability of the lysosomes has a negative impact on the flux through the endolysosomal and autophagic pathways; therefore, dysregulation of these pathways is increasingly emerging as a relevant disease mechanism in LSDs. In the last twenty years, different LSD Drosophila models have been generated, mainly for diseases presenting with neurological involvement. The fruit fly provides a large selection of tools to investigate lysosomes, autophagy and endocytic pathways in vivo, as well as to analyse neuronal and glial cells. The possibility to use Drosophila in drug repurposing and discovery makes it an attractive model for LSDs lacking effective therapies. Here, ee describe the major cellular pathways implicated in LSDs pathogenesis, the approaches available for their study and the Drosophila models developed for these diseases. Finally, we highlight a possible use of LSDs Drosophila models for drug screening studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Rigon
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica “Città della Speranza”, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy; (C.D.F.); (R.T.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Concetta De Filippis
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica “Città della Speranza”, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy; (C.D.F.); (R.T.)
- Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Lysosomal Disorders, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Barbara Napoli
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Via Don Luigi Monza 20, Bosisio Parini, 23842 Lecco, Italy;
| | - Rosella Tomanin
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica “Città della Speranza”, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy; (C.D.F.); (R.T.)
- Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Lysosomal Disorders, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Genny Orso
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy;
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Wang H, Luo J, Tian X, Xu L, Zhai Z, Cheng M, Chen L, Luo S. DNAJC5 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma cells proliferation though regulating SKP2 mediated p27 degradation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2021; 1868:118994. [PMID: 33662413 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2021.118994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
DNAJC5 (DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member C5), also known as cysteine tandem protein (CSPα), is important for maintaining the normal function of nerve tissues, but its oncogenic function remains unknown. Here, we report a unique mechanism underlying the oncogenic function of DNAJC5. DNAJC5 protein expression is highly detectable in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and is strongly related to a poor prognosis among HCC patients. DNAJC5 overexpression promotes HCC cell proliferation and reduced the ratio of cells in G1 phase of the cell cycle. Furthermore, DNAJC5 interacts with SKP2 and enhances the degradation of p27 (a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor1B) by promoting formation of the SKP2-p27 complex. In contrast, DNAJC5 knockdown rescues the SKP2-mediated decrease in p27 protein levels. These results reveal that the DNAJC5-SKP2-p27 pathway is a novel mechanism for the oncogenic function of DNAJC5 in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Wang
- Center for Experimental Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jiayu Luo
- Center for Experimental Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xuesi Tian
- Center for Experimental Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Linlin Xu
- Center for Experimental Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhai
- Center for Experimental Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Minzhang Cheng
- Center for Experimental Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Limin Chen
- Center for Experimental Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shiwen Luo
- Center for Experimental Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
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The Neurochaperonopathies: Anomalies of the Chaperone System with Pathogenic Effects in Neurodegenerative and Neuromuscular Disorders. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11030898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The chaperone (or chaperoning) system (CS) constitutes molecular chaperones, co-chaperones, and chaperone co-factors, interactors and receptors, and its canonical role is protein quality control. A malfunction of the CS may cause diseases, known as the chaperonopathies. These are caused by qualitatively and/or quantitatively abnormal molecular chaperones. Since the CS is ubiquitous, chaperonopathies are systemic, affecting various tissues and organs, playing an etiologic-pathogenic role in diverse conditions. In this review, we focus on chaperonopathies involved in the pathogenic mechanisms of diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems: the neurochaperonopathies (NCPs). Genetic NCPs are linked to pathogenic variants of chaperone genes encoding, for example, the small Hsp, Hsp10, Hsp40, Hsp60, and CCT-BBS (chaperonin-containing TCP-1- Bardet–Biedl syndrome) chaperones. Instead, the acquired NCPs are associated with malfunctional chaperones, such as Hsp70, Hsp90, and VCP/p97 with aberrant post-translational modifications. Awareness of the chaperonopathies as the underlying primary or secondary causes of disease will improve diagnosis and patient management and open the possibility of investigating and developing chaperonotherapy, namely treatment with the abnormal chaperone as the main target. Positive chaperonotherapy would apply in chaperonopathies by defect, i.e., chaperone insufficiency, and consist of chaperone replacement or boosting, whereas negative chaperonotherapy would be pertinent when a chaperone actively participates in the initiation and progression of the disease and must be blocked and eliminated.
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Pesaola F, Guelbert G, Venier AC, Cismondi IA, Becerra A, Vazquez JCG, Fernandez E, De Paul AL, Guelbert N, Noher I. “Atypical” Phenotypes of Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis: The Argentine Experience in the Genomic Era. JOURNAL OF INBORN ERRORS OF METABOLISM AND SCREENING 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/2326-4594-jiems-2021-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Favio Pesaola
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud, Argentina
| | - Guillermo Guelbert
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina; Hospital de Niños de la Provincia de Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ana Clara Venier
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud, Argentina
| | - Inés Adriana Cismondi
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Adriana Becerra
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina; Hospital de Niños de la Provincia de Córdoba, Argentina
| | | | | | - Ana Lucia De Paul
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Norberto Guelbert
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina; Clínica Universitaria Reina Fabiola, Argentina
| | - Inés Noher
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina
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Demontis GC, Pezzini F, Margari E, Bianchi M, Longoni B, Doccini S, Lalowski MM, Santorelli FM, Simonati A. Electrophysiological Profile Remodeling via Selective Suppression of Voltage-Gated Currents by CLN1/PPT1 Overexpression in Human Neuronal-Like Cells. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:569598. [PMID: 33390903 PMCID: PMC7772423 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.569598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
CLN1 disease (OMIM #256730) is an inherited neurological disorder of early childhood with epileptic seizures and premature death. It is associated with mutations in CLN1 coding for Palmitoyl-Protein Thioesterase 1 (PPT1), a lysosomal enzyme which affects the recycling and degradation of lipid-modified (S-acylated) proteins by removing palmitate residues. Transcriptomic evidence from a neuronal-like cellular model derived from differentiated SH-SY5Y cells disclosed the potential negative roles of CLN1 overexpression, affecting the elongation of neuronal processes and the expression of selected proteins of the synaptic region. Bioinformatic inquiries of transcriptomic data pinpointed a dysregulated expression of several genes coding for proteins related to voltage-gated ion channels, including subunits of calcium and potassium channels (VGCC and VGKC). In SH-SY5Y cells overexpressing CLN1 (SH-CLN1 cells), the resting potential and the membrane conductance in the range of voltages close to the resting potential were not affected. However, patch-clamp recordings indicated a reduction of Ba2+ currents through VGCC of SH-CLN1 cells; Ca2+ imaging revealed reduced Ca2+ influx in the same cellular setting. The results of the biochemical and morphological investigations of CACNA2D2/α2δ-2, an accessory subunit of VGCC, were in accordance with the downregulation of the corresponding gene and consistent with the hypothesis that a lower number of functional channels may reach the plasma membrane. The combined use of 4-AP and NS-1643, two drugs with opposing effects on Kv11 and Kv12 subfamilies of VGKC coded by the KCNH gene family, provides evidence for reduced functional Kv12 channels in SH-CLN1 cells, consistent with transcriptomic data indicating the downregulation of KCNH4. The lack of compelling evidence supporting the palmitoylation of many ion channels subunits investigated in this study stimulates inquiries about the role of PPT1 in the trafficking of channels to the plasma membrane. Altogether, these results indicate a reduction of functional voltage-gated ion channels in response to CLN1/PPT1 overexpression in differentiated SH-SY5Y cells and provide new insights into the altered neuronal excitability which may underlie the severe epileptic phenotype of CLN1 disease. It remains to be shown if remodeling of such functional channels on plasma membrane can occur as a downstream effect of CLN1 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesco Pezzini
- Neurology (Child Neurology and Neuropathology), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Elisa Margari
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marzia Bianchi
- Research Unit for Multi-factorial Diseases, Obesity and Diabetes, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Biancamaria Longoni
- Department of Translational Research and New Technology in Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Doccini
- Molecular Medicine for Neurodegenerative and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maciej Maurycy Lalowski
- Medicum, Biochemistry/Developmental Biology and HiLIFE-Helsinki Institute of Life Science, Meilahti Clinical Proteomics Core Facility, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Filippo Maria Santorelli
- Molecular Medicine for Neurodegenerative and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Simonati
- Neurology (Child Neurology and Neuropathology), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Rossi M, van der Veen S, Merello M, Tijssen MAJ, van de Warrenburg B. Myoclonus-Ataxia Syndromes: A Diagnostic Approach. Mov Disord Clin Pract 2020; 8:9-24. [PMID: 33426154 DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.13106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A myriad of disorders combine myoclonus and ataxia. Most causes are genetic and an increasing number of genes are being associated with myoclonus-ataxia syndromes (MAS), due to recent advances in genetic techniques. A proper etiologic diagnosis of MAS is clinically relevant, given the consequences for genetic counseling, treatment, and prognosis. Objectives To review the causes of MAS and to propose a diagnostic algorithm. Methods A comprehensive and structured literature search following PRISMA criteria was conducted to identify those disorders that may combine myoclonus with ataxia. Results A total of 135 causes of combined myoclonus and ataxia were identified, of which 30 were charted as the main causes of MAS. These include four acquired entities: opsoclonus-myoclonus-ataxia syndrome, celiac disease, multiple system atrophy, and sporadic prion diseases. The distinction between progressive myoclonus epilepsy and progressive myoclonus ataxia poses one of the main diagnostic dilemmas. Conclusions Diagnostic algorithms for pediatric and adult patients, based on clinical manifestations including epilepsy, are proposed to guide the differential diagnosis and corresponding work-up of the most important and frequent causes of MAS. A list of genes associated with MAS to guide genetic testing strategies is provided. Priority should be given to diagnose or exclude acquired or treatable disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malco Rossi
- Movement Disorders Section Neuroscience Department Buenos Aires Argentina.,Argentine National Scientific and Technological Research Council (CONICET) Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Sterre van der Veen
- Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina (UCA) Buenos Aires Argentina.,Department of Neurology University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Marcelo Merello
- Movement Disorders Section Neuroscience Department Buenos Aires Argentina.,Argentine National Scientific and Technological Research Council (CONICET) Buenos Aires Argentina.,Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina (UCA) Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Marina A J Tijssen
- Department of Neurology University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen Groningen The Netherlands.,Expertise Center Movement Disorders Groningen University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG) Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Bart van de Warrenburg
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition & Behaviour Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen The Netherlands
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Crain AM, Kitchen DL, Godiyal N, Pfeifer CM. MRI findings in neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis. Radiol Case Rep 2020; 15:2375-2377. [PMID: 32994845 PMCID: PMC7515973 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2020.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis is a rare cause for developmental delay and seizures that results in neurodegeneration. Presented here is a case of a 5-year-old male who presented for MRI following a delay in achieving developmental milestones and epilepsy. MRI was performed demonstrating a thinned corpus callosum and generalized low parenchymal volume with periventricular gliosis. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy showed glutamate/glutamine accumulation and diminished N-acetylaspartate. The diagnosis of neuronal ceroid lipofusciosis was revealed following genetic testing. This case is useful in showing findings of this rare disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M. Crain
- University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W Campbell Rd, Richardson, TX 75080
| | - Deanna L. Kitchen
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center,5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Nikhil Godiyal
- University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W Campbell Rd, Richardson, TX 75080
| | - Cory M. Pfeifer
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center,5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390
- Corresponding author. (C.M. Pfeifer)
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Melland H, Carr EM, Gordon SL. Disorders of synaptic vesicle fusion machinery. J Neurochem 2020; 157:130-164. [PMID: 32916768 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The revolution in genetic technology has ushered in a new age for our understanding of the underlying causes of neurodevelopmental, neuromuscular and neurodegenerative disorders, revealing that the presynaptic machinery governing synaptic vesicle fusion is compromised in many of these neurological disorders. This builds upon decades of research showing that disturbance to neurotransmitter release via toxins can cause acute neurological dysfunction. In this review, we focus on disorders of synaptic vesicle fusion caused either by toxic insult to the presynapse or alterations to genes encoding the key proteins that control and regulate fusion: the SNARE proteins (synaptobrevin, syntaxin-1 and SNAP-25), Munc18, Munc13, synaptotagmin, complexin, CSPα, α-synuclein, PRRT2 and tomosyn. We discuss the roles of these proteins and the cellular and molecular mechanisms underpinning neurological deficits in these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly Melland
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Dementia Research Centre, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Elysa M Carr
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Dementia Research Centre, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Sarah L Gordon
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Dementia Research Centre, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
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Butz ES, Chandrachud U, Mole SE, Cotman SL. Moving towards a new era of genomics in the neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165571. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.165571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Naseri N, Sharma M, Velinov M. Autosomal dominant neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis: Clinical features and molecular basis. Clin Genet 2020; 99:111-118. [PMID: 32783189 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) are at least 13 distinct progressive neurodegenerative disorders unified by the accumulation of lysosomal auto-fluorescent material called lipofuscin. The only form that occurs via autosomal-dominant inheritance exhibits adult onset and is sometimes referred to as Parry type NCL. The manifestations may include behavioral symptoms followed by seizures, ataxia, dementia, and early death. Mutations in the gene DNAJC5 that codes for the presynaptic co-chaperone cysteine string protein-α (CSPα) were recently reported in sporadic adult-onset cases and in families with dominant inheritance. The mutant CSPα protein may lead to disease progression by both loss and gain of function mechanisms. Iron chelation therapy may be considered as a possible pharmaceutical intervention based on our recent mechanism-based proposal of CSPα oligomerization via ectopic Fe-S cluster-binding, summarized in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nima Naseri
- Appel Institute for Alzheimer's Disease Research, and Brain & Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Manu Sharma
- Appel Institute for Alzheimer's Disease Research, and Brain & Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Milen Velinov
- New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York, USA
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