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Yan F, Feng J, Yang L, Shi C. The effect induced by alternated mechanical loading on Notch-1 in mandibular condylar cartilage of growing rabbits. Bone Joint Res 2021; 10:437-444. [PMID: 34311570 PMCID: PMC8333037 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.107.bjr-2020-0234.r2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims The aim of our study is to investigate the effect induced by alternated mechanical loading on Notch-1 in mandibular condylar cartilage (MCC) of growing rabbits. Methods A total of 64 ten-day-old rabbits were randomly divided into two groups according to dietary hardness: normal diet group (pellet) and soft diet group (powder). In each group, the rabbits were further divided into four subgroups by feeding time: two weeks, four weeks, six weeks, and eight weeks. Animals would be injected 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU) every day for one week before sacrificing. Histomorphometric analysis of MCC thickness was performed through haematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. Immunochemical analysis was done to test BrdU and Notch-1. The quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot were used to measure expression of Notch-1, Jagged-1, and Delta-like 1 (Dll-1). Results The thickness of MCC in the soft diet group was thinner than the one in normal diet group. Notch-1 was restricted in fibrous layer, proliferative layer, and hypertrophic layer. The expression of Notch-1 increased from two weeks to six weeks and then fell down. Notch-1 in normal diet group was higher than that in soft diet group in anterior part of MCC. The statistical differences of Notch-1 were shown at two, four, and six weeks (p < 0.05). The result of western blot and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) showed the expression of Dll-1 and Jagged-1 rose from two to four weeks and started to decrease at four weeks. BrdU distributed in all layers of cartilage and subchondral bone. The number of BrdU-positive cells, which were less in soft diet group, was decreasing along with the experiment period. The significant difference was found at four, six, and eight weeks in anterior and posterior parts (p < 0.05). Conclusion The structure and proliferation of MCC in rabbits were sensitive to dietary loading changes. The proper mechanical loading was essential for transduction of Notch signalling pathway and development of mandibular condylar cartilage. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2021;10(7):437–444.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yan
- School of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianying Feng
- School of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liu Yang
- School of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Changjin Shi
- School of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Longitudinal evaluation of the association between Insulin-like growth factor-1, Bone specific alkaline phosphatase and changes in mandibular length. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11582. [PMID: 31399639 PMCID: PMC6689053 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48067-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current longitudinal study was to assess the levels of serum Bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP) and serum Insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in different cervical vertebral maturation index (CVMI) stages and observe their association with the mandibular growth. Blood samples and lateral cephalograms of 63 subjects (age group of 11–17 years) were obtained at two time points, 12 months apart. On the basis of CVMI, all subjects were divided into six groups based on whether the subjects remained in same CVMI stage or transitioned to the next CVMI stage. Annual mandibular length was related with serum BALP and serum IGF-1 levels estimated using ELISA. Serum IGF-1 and BALP attained highest levels at CVMI stage 3 with peak BALP levels observed earlier than IGF-1. Although a positive correlation was determined between IGF-1 and BALP but BALP followed skeletal growth pattern more precisely. Overall IGF-1 and BALP were negatively correlated with mandibular length with notable growth in CVMI groups 3–3 (P < 0.01), 3-4 (P < 0.01), 4-4 (P < 0.001) and 5-5 (P < 0.001). In conclusion, BALP is a potential biomarker for skeletal growth assessment. However, the mandibular growth pattern was independent of changes in IGF-1 and BALP.
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Mandibular condyle bone density in adolescents with varying skeletal patterns evaluated using cone-beam computed tomography: A potential predictive tool. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2018; 154:382-389. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2017.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Scheidegger R, Koletsi D, Eliades T. The impact of dietary consistency on structural craniofacial components: Temporomandibular joint/condyle, condylar cartilage, alveolar bone and periodontal ligament. A systematic review and meta-analysis in experimental in vivo research. Arch Oral Biol 2018; 94:33-47. [PMID: 29957455 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this systematic review was to provide a comprehensive synthesis of available evidence evaluating the effect of dietary loading on temporomandibular joint/condyle, condylar cartilage, alveolar bone of the mandible and the periodontal ligament in healthy mice and rats. DESIGN Medline via PubMed, EMBASE and Open Grey databases were searched for published and unpublished literature. Search terms included "mandiblular condyle", "alveolar bone", "temporomandibular joint", "condylar cartilage", "periodontal ligament", "rat", "mice". After data extraction, risk of bias (SYRCLE) and reporting quality (ARRIVE) were assessed. Random effects meta-analyses were performed for the outcomes of interest where applicable. RESULTS A total of 33 relevant articles were considered in the systematic review, while only 6 studies were included in the quantitative synthesis. Risk of Bias in all studies was judged to be unclear to high overall, while reporting quality was suboptimal. Comparing soft to hard diet animals, significantly reduced anteroposterior condylar length (4 studies, weighted mean difference: -0.40 mm; 95% CI: -0.47, -0.32; p < 0.001) and width (4 studies, weighted mean difference: -0.043 mm; 95% CI: -0.51, -0.36; p < 0.001) were found in rats. Decreased anteroposterior condylar dimensions were detected for mice as well (2 studies, weighted mean difference: -0.049; 95% CI: -0.56, -0.43; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Overall, there was strong evidence to suggest a significant effect of soft diet on reduced condylar dimensions in rodents; however, there is need for further high quality experimental studies to inform current knowledge on condylar cartilage, alveolar bone and periodontal ligament related outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolf Scheidegger
- Clinic of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Despina Koletsi
- Clinic of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Theodore Eliades
- Clinic of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland.
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Valerio P, Perfeito F, Moura LP, Ribeiro DN, Fernandes SOA, Martins AS, Leite MF. Mandible protraction alters Type I collagen, osteocalcin and osteonectin gene expression in adult mice condyle. ANNALI DI STOMATOLOGIA 2018; 8:95-103. [PMID: 29682221 DOI: 10.11138/ads/2017.8.3.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Mandible condyle remodeling is a great challenge on craniofacial growth studies. The great majority of the reports deals with growing period. However, there is a great necessity to clarify the importance of functional stimulation on adult mandible condyle remodeling. By using an adult mouse model, we investigated the influence of mandible forwarding on condyle remodeling and gene expression by bone forming cells. Tomographic and scintigraphic evaluations showed sagittal growth and cell activity enhancement. RT-PCR showed that Type I collagen, osteocalcin and osteonectin expression level can be altered. We showed that functional stimulation is necessary to maintain the regular gene expression by condyle bone forming cells in adult mice. It opens new frame for further investigations aiming new clinical approaches to temporomandibular joint problems treatment, as well as mandible retrusion treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Valerio
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Filipi Perfeito
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Livia P Moura
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Deborah N Ribeiro
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Almir S Martins
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Maria F Leite
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Karamesinis K, Basdra EK. The biological basis of treating jaw discrepancies: An interplay of mechanical forces and skeletal configuration. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:1675-1683. [PMID: 29454076 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Jaw discrepancies and malrelations affect a large proportion of the general population and their treatment is of utmost significance for individuals' health and quality of life. The aim of their therapy is the modification of aberrant jaw development mainly by targeting the growth potential of the mandibular condyle through its cartilage, and the architectural shape of alveolar bone through a suture type of structure, the periodontal ligament. This targeted treatment is achieved via external mechanical force application by using a wide variety of intraoral and extraoral appliances. Condylar cartilage and sutures exhibit a remarkable plasticity due to the mechano-responsiveness of the chondrocytes and the multipotent mesenchymal cells of the sutures. The tissues respond biologically and adapt to mechanical force application by a variety of signaling pathways and a final interplay between the proliferative activity and the differentiation status of the cells involved. These targeted therapeutic functional alterations within temporo-mandibular joint ultimately result in the enhancement or restriction of mandibular growth, while within the periodontal ligament lead to bone remodeling and change of its architectural structure. Depending on the form of the malrelation presented, the above treatment approaches, in conjunction or separately, lead to the total correction of jaw discrepancies and the achievement of facial harmony and function. Overall, the treatment of craniofacial and jaw anomalies can be seen as an interplay of mechanical forces and adaptations occurring within temporo-mandibular joint and alveolar bone. The aim of the present review is to present up-to-date knowledge on the mechano-biology behind jaw growth modification and alveolar bone remodeling. Furthermore, future molecular targeted therapeutic strategies are discussed aiming at the improvement of mechanically-driven chondrogenesis and osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Karamesinis
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biomechanics Unit, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Efthimia K Basdra
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biomechanics Unit, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
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Ibrová A, Dupej J, Stránská P, Velemínský P, Poláček L, Velemínská J. Facial skeleton asymmetry and its relationship to mastication in the Early Medieval period (Great Moravian Empire, Mikulčice, 9th–10th century). Arch Oral Biol 2017; 84:64-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Fan Y, Jianying F, Chenyan L, Pan W, Zhe S, Changjing S. [Influence on Indian hedgehog-parathyroid hormone-like related protein pathway induced by altered masticatory loading in the condylar cartilage of growing rabbits]. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2017; 35:127-132. [PMID: 28682540 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the influence of altered masticatory loading on Indian hedgehog (Ihh)-parathyroid hormone-like related protein (PThrP) pathway in the condylar cartilage of growing rabbits. METHODS A total of 48 10-day-old rabbits were randomly divided into two groups and fed different kinds of food, such as solid diet and soft diet. The animals were sacrificed after 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks. Difference of Ihh and PThrP expression levels induced by altered masticatory loading was tested by hematoxylin-eosin (HE), immunohistochemistry, Western blot, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS The thickness of condylar cartilage and expression levels of Ihh and PThrP proteins and mRNA of the solid diet groups exceeded those of the soft diet groups. The decreasing tendencies of the expression levels of Ihh and PThrP proteins and mRNA were observed at 2, 4, 6, 8 weeks. CONCLUSIONS Low masticatory loading may delay or inhibit the development of condylar cartilage and its growing factors Ihh and PThrP. Therefore, masticatory loading plays an important role in the development of condylar cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Fan
- College of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Feng Jianying
- College of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Liu Chenyan
- College of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Wang Pan
- College of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Sun Zhe
- College of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Shi Changjing
- College of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
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Jiang L, Xie Y, Wei L, Zhou Q, Li N, Jiang X, Gao Y. iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic analysis on differentially expressed proteins of rat mandibular condylar cartilage induced by reducing dietary loading. Front Med 2017; 11:97-109. [DOI: 10.1007/s11684-016-0496-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Kufley S, Scott JE, Ramirez-Yanez G. The effect of the physical consistency of the diet on the bone quality of the mandibular condyle in rats. Arch Oral Biol 2017; 77:23-26. [PMID: 28160737 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 11/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to analyze how the physical consistency of the diet affects the bone quality at the mandibular condyle. DESIGN Sixty-three Wistar rats were randomly assigned to three groups. Twenty-two animals composed each group and they were fed with either a liquid, soft or hard diet. Seven animals were sacrificed from each group at days 7, 20, and 40 respectively. Their mandibles were removed and scanned at the postero-superior area of the condyle with a micro-CT scan. RESULTS showed a statistically significant difference for the bone mineral density (p<0.01) and total mineral density (p<0.01), when comparing the hard against the liquid group after seven days. After 20days both, the soft and the liquid diet groups, computed a statistically significant difference demonstrating a significant decrease in the measured values for bone mineral density, bone mineral content, total mineral density, and total mineral content. At day 40, the values stayed lower for the soft and liquid diets, even though they did not reach a significant difference. CONCLUSIONS This study supports the idea that a soft or liquid diet has a negative impact on the bone quality of the mandible, particularly during the periods of more active growing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawna Kufley
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Manitoba, D33-800 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3E0W2, Canada
| | - James Elliot Scott
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Manitoba, D33-800 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3E0W2, Canada
| | - German Ramirez-Yanez
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Manitoba, D33-800 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3E0W2, Canada.
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Donovan TE, Marzola R, Becker W, Cagna DR, Eichmiller F, McKee JR, Metz JE, Albouy JP. Annual review of selected scientific literature: Report of the Committee on Scientific Investigation of the American Academy of Restorative Dentistry. J Prosthet Dent 2015; 114:756-809. [PMID: 26611624 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2015.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Terence E Donovan
- Chair, Committee on Scientific Investigation, American Academy of Restorative Dentistry (AARD); and Professor and Chair for Biomaterials, Department of Operative Dentistry, University of North Carolina School of Dentistry at Chapel Hill, NC.
| | - Riccardo Marzola
- Adjunct Professor, Fixed Implant Prosthodontics, University of Bologna; and Private practice, Ferrara, Italy
| | - William Becker
- Clinical Professor, Advanced Education in Prosthodontics, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - David R Cagna
- Associate Dean, Professor and Director, Advanced Prosthodontics, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, Tenn
| | - Frederick Eichmiller
- Vice President and Dental Director, Delta Dental of Wisconsin, Stevens Point, Wisc
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Brunt LH, Norton JL, Bright JA, Rayfield EJ, Hammond CL. Finite element modelling predicts changes in joint shape and cell behaviour due to loss of muscle strain in jaw development. J Biomech 2015; 48:3112-22. [PMID: 26253758 PMCID: PMC4601018 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal joint morphogenesis is linked to clinical conditions such as Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH) and to osteoarthritis (OA). Muscle activity is known to be important during the developmental process of joint morphogenesis. However, less is known about how this mechanical stimulus affects the behaviour of joint cells to generate altered morphology. Using zebrafish, in which we can image all joint musculoskeletal tissues at high resolution, we show that removal of muscle activity through anaesthetisation or genetic manipulation causes a change to the shape of the joint between the Meckel's cartilage and Palatoquadrate (the jaw joint), such that the joint develops asymmetrically leading to an overlap of the cartilage elements on the medial side which inhibits normal joint function. We identify the time during which muscle activity is critical to produce a normal joint. Using Finite Element Analysis (FEA), to model the strains exerted by muscle on the skeletal elements, we identify that minimum principal strains are located at the medial region of the joint and interzone during mouth opening. Then, by studying the cells immediately proximal to the joint, we demonstrate that biomechanical strain regulates cell orientation within the developing joint, such that when muscle-induced strain is removed, cells on the medial side of the joint notably change their orientation. Together, these data show that biomechanical forces are required to establish symmetry in the joint during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy H Brunt
- Schools of Physiology and Pharmacology and of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, BS8 1TD Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Joanna L Norton
- Schools of Physiology and Pharmacology and of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, BS8 1TD Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Jen A Bright
- School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, BS8 1RJ Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Emily J Rayfield
- School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, BS8 1RJ Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Chrissy L Hammond
- Schools of Physiology and Pharmacology and of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, BS8 1TD Bristol, United Kingdom.
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