Orthodontic treatment with miniscrew anchorage: Analysis of quality of information on YouTube

Evolutionary Trend of Dental Health Care Information on Chinese Social Media Platforms During 2018-2022: Retrospective Observational Study

BACKGROUND

Social media holds an increasingly significant position in contemporary society, wherein evolving public perspectives are mirrored by changing information. However, there remains a lack of comprehensive analysis regarding the nature and evolution of dental health care information on Chinese social media platforms (SMPs) despite extensive user engagement and voluminous content.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to probe into the nature and evolution of dental health care information on Chinese SMPs from 2018 to 2022, providing valuable insights into the evolving digital public perception of dental health for dental practitioners, investigators, and educators.

METHODS

This study was conducted on 3 major Chinese SMPs: Weibo, WeChat, and Zhihu. Data from March 1 to 31 in 2018, 2020, and 2022 were sampled to construct a social media original database (ODB), from which the most popular long-text posts (N=180) were selected to create an analysis database (ADB). Natural language processing (NLP) tools were used to assist tracking topic trends, and word frequencies were analyzed. The DISCERN health information quality assessment questionnaire was used for information quality evaluation.

RESULTS

The number of Weibo posts in the ODB increased approximately fourfold during the observation period, with discussion of orthodontic topics showing the fastest growth, surpassing that of general dentistry after 2020. In the ADB, the engagement of content on Weibo and Zhihu also displayed an upward trend. The overall information quality of long-text posts on the 3 platforms was moderate or low. Of the long-text posts, 143 (79.4%) were written by nonprofessionals, and 105 (58.3%) shared personal medical experiences. On Weibo and WeChat, long-text posts authored by health care professionals had higher DISCERN scores (Weibo P=.04; WeChat P=.02), but there was a negative correlation between engagement and DISCERN scores (Weibo tau-b [τb]=-0.45, P=.01; WeChat τb=-0.30, P=.02).

CONCLUSIONS

There was a significant increase in the dissemination and evolution of public interest in dental health care information on Chinese social media during 2018-2022. However, the quality of the most popular long-text posts was rated as moderate or low, which may mislead patients and the public.

Occlusal device therapy for sleep bruxism: Analysis of educational value, clarity, reliability, understandability, and actionability of information of content on YouTube

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

Sleep bruxism, characterized by teeth grinding during sleep, is often managed with an occlusal device. Despite the abundance of YouTube videos discussing occlusal device therapy, their educational quality remains unclear.

PURPOSE

The purpose of this process-based audit was to assess the educational value (EV), clarity (COI), reliability (ROI), understandability (UOI), and actionability (AOI) of information regarding occlusal device therapy for sleep bruxism in YouTube videos provided by dental professionals.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

YouTube was searched systematically using 4 search terms. A total of 19 videos were identified using predetermined criteria. EV was assessed using a 4-point scoring system across 10 predetermined domains. A 3-point scoring system was applied to evaluate COI. Journal of American Medical Association (JAMA) Benchmark Criteria was applied to evaluate ROI. Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool for audio-visual material (PEMAT-A/V) was used to determine UOI and AOI. Descriptive statistics, interrater and intrarater reliability tests were conducted using a statistical software program.

RESULTS

Most videos had been uploaded by general dental practitioners (95%) followed by orthodontists (5%). The mean number of reported domains was 4.68 ±2.73 (out of 10), with the highest scoring domain being "Indications of occlusal device" (1.24 ±0.87), and the lowest being "Cost of occlusal device" (0.00 ±0.00). Overall, the EV score per video was 5.61 ±5.10 (out of 30), while the COI score was 0.55 ±0.50 (out of 2). The ROI averaged 1.95 ±0.40 (out of 4), with "Attribution" scoring lowest (0.026 ±0.11) and "Currency" highest (1). Overall, the videos had a mean understandability of 66.6% and actionability of 45.6%.

CONCLUSIONS

Videos uploaded by dental professionals lack sufficient educational value pertaining to the cost of occlusal devices. The videos demonstrated low reliability regarding the credibility of sources and poor understandability and actionability.

Is the quality of the orthodontic information in social media platforms reliable?: A systematic review

BACKGROUND

Social networks have become a widely used and accessible source of health-related information for patients, but this material is not always accurate or appropriate. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality of orthodontic information available on 2 of the most popular social media platforms.

STUDIES REVIEWED

The authors conducted a systematic search of the literature that analyzed the quality of information regarding orthodontics on social networks and used recognized quality-evaluation methods, such as DISCERN, modified DISCERN, and the Quality Global Scale or the Video Information Quality Index, in the electronic databases of PubMed, Embase, and Scopus and through a manual search of gray literature.

RESULTS

The authors identified a total of 534 potentially eligible articles, of which 22 eventually were included in the qualitative analysis. The application of the scales revealed that most of the content was of insufficient quality and lacked scientific rigor, precision, and support from reliable sources. The authors observed marked heterogeneity in the nature of the publications analyzed, with the most recurrent topics being general orthodontic treatment and the use of clear aligners.

PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS

Social media platforms provide low-quality information to patients, which potentially can be harmful. These findings underscore the need to offer alternative ways to resolve patient queries before and during treatment and highlight the importance of promoting informed and responsible education regarding online information on orthodontic treatments.

The performance of artificial intelligence models in generating responses to general orthodontic questions: ChatGPT vs Google Bard

INTRODUCTION

This study aimed to evaluate and compare the performance of 2 artificial intelligence (AI) models, Chat Generative Pretrained Transformer-3.5 (ChatGPT-3.5; OpenAI, San Francisco, Calif) and Google Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (Google Bard; Bard Experiment, Google, Mountain View, Calif), in terms of response accuracy, completeness, generation time, and response length when answering general orthodontic questions.

METHODS

A team of orthodontic specialists developed a set of 100 questions in 10 orthodontic domains. One author submitted the questions to both ChatGPT and Google Bard. The AI-generated responses from both models were randomly assigned into 2 forms and sent to 5 blinded and independent assessors. The quality of AI-generated responses was evaluated using a newly developed tool for accuracy of information and completeness. In addition, response generation time and length were recorded.

RESULTS

The accuracy and completeness of responses were high in both AI models. The median accuracy score was 9 (interquartile range [IQR]: 8-9) for ChatGPT and 8 (IQR: 8-9) for Google Bard (Median difference: 1; P <0.001). The median completeness score was similar in both models, with 8 (IQR: 8-9) for ChatGPT and 8 (IQR: 7-9) for Google Bard. The odds of accuracy and completeness were higher by 31% and 23% in ChatGPT than in Google Bard. Google Bard's response generation time was significantly shorter than that of ChatGPT by 10.4 second/question. However, both models were similar in terms of response length generation.

CONCLUSIONS

Both ChatGPT and Google Bard generated responses were rated with a high level of accuracy and completeness to the posed general orthodontic questions. However, acquiring answers was generally faster using the Google Bard model.

Evaluation of stress and displacement of maxillary canine during the single canine retraction in the maxillary first premolar extraction cases- A finite element study

OBJECTIVES

This finite element study aimed to simulate maxillary canine movement during anterior teeth retraction.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Three methods of maxillary canine movement including miniscrew sliding with high hooks (MSH), miniscrew sliding with low hooks (MSL), and the traditional sliding method (TS) without using miniscrews were simulated using three-dimensional finite element analysis. The initial displacement of the maxillary canine, the maximum principal stress of the periodontal ligament and the Von Mises stress were calculated.

RESULTS

The distolingual tipping movements of the canine were shown in three movement modes. MSH showed a small tendency to lingual tipping movement and a extrusion movement while MSL had the largest lingual inclination. TS demonstrated a tendency toward distolingual torsion displacement. Compressive stress values were mainly concentrated in the range - 0.003 to -0.006 MPa. For tensile stress, the distribution of MSH and MSL was concentrated in the range 0.005 to 0.009 MPa, TS was mainly distributed about 0.003 MPa. Von Mises equivalent stress distribution showed no significant difference.

CONCLUSIONS

The loss of tooth torque was inevitable, irrespective of which method was used to close the extraction space. However, miniscrew application and higher hooks reduced the loss of torque and avoided lingual rotation.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

This study shows that miniscrew implants with different hooks can better control the movement of the maxillary canines. The non-invasive nature of the finite element analysis and its good simulation of dental stress and instantaneous motion trend have a clinical advantage in the analysis of tooth movement.

Decoding early childhood caries: an in-depth analysis of YouTube videos for effective parental education

PURPOSE

To assess the coverage of information about early childhood caries (ECC) available on YouTube videos in three different languages, regarding technical characteristics of videos and interaction metrics.

METHODS

Search strategies were developed in English, Spanish, and Portuguese to make a comprehensive collection of videos from YouTube, encompassing 60 samples for each language, regarding all video types. The videos were assessed by a thematic checklist regarding 17 items on ECC. Videos were dichotomized according to the median of the thematic score and the nature of their authorship (health and non-health authors) to compare groups. The statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (version 25.0), applying Spearman's rank correlation coefficient and Mann-Whitney U test. P < 0.05 values were considered significant.

RESULTS

Among 120 videos meeting inclusion criteria, ECC aetiology and prevention information proved incomplete, with a median score of 5 (Q1-Q3 = 3-7). No correlation emerged between this score and other video characteristics. However, interaction metrics like views, likes, dislikes, and viewing rates displayed significant correlations. Health authors primarily created these videos, yet non-health author channels had more subscribers. Surprisingly, videos focused on the impact of regular sugary food and beverage consumption on ECC progression received the most attention.

CONCLUSIONS

Videos that presented information about the aetiology and prevention of ECC invariably focused on partial aspects of the disease. This highlights the need for better-quality educational videos and the importance of dental professionals in guiding patients toward reliable sources of information.