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Nardelli AE, Visch W, Farrington G, Sanderson JC, Bellgrove A, Wright JT, Macleod C, Hurd CL. Primary production of the kelp Lessonia corrugata varies with season and water motion: Implications for coastal carbon cycling. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2024; 60:102-115. [PMID: 37966712 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Kelp forests provide vital ecosystem services such as carbon storage and cycling, and understanding primary production dynamics regarding seasonal and spatial variations is essential. We conducted surveys at three sites in southeast Tasmania, Australia, that had different levels of water motion, across four seasons to determine seasonal primary production and carbon storage as living biomass for kelp beds of Lessonia corrugata (Order Laminariales). We quantified blade growth, erosion rates, and the variation in population density and estimated both the net biomass accumulation (NBA) per square meter and the carbon standing stock. We observed a significant difference in blade growth and erosion rates between seasons and sites. Spring had the highest growth rate (0.02 g C · blade-1 · d-1 ) and NBA (1.62 g C · m-2 · d-1 ), while summer had the highest blade erosion (0.01 g C · blade-1 · d-1 ), with a negative NBA (-1.18 g C · m-2 · d-1 ). Sites exhibiting lower blade erosion rates demonstrated notably greater NBA than sites with elevated erosion rates. The sites with the highest water motion had the slowest erosion rates. Moreover, the most wave-exposed site had the densest populations, resulting in the highest NBA and a greater standing stock. Our results reveal a strong seasonal and water motion influence on carbon dynamics in L. corrugata populations. This knowledge is important for understanding the dynamics of the carbon cycle in coastal regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allyson E Nardelli
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies (IMAS), Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Wouter Visch
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies (IMAS), Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Glenn Farrington
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies (IMAS), Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | | | - Alecia Bellgrove
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin Marine Research and Innovation Centre, Deakin University, Warrnambool, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jeffrey T Wright
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies (IMAS), Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Catriona Macleod
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies (IMAS), Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Catriona L Hurd
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies (IMAS), Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
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Čmiková N, Galovičová L, Miškeje M, Borotová P, Kluz M, Kačániová M. Determination of Antioxidant, Antimicrobial Activity, Heavy Metals and Elements Content of Seaweed Extracts. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11111493. [PMID: 35684266 PMCID: PMC9183077 DOI: 10.3390/plants11111493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the research was to determine the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity, determination of chemical elements and heavy metals in seaweed extracts of wakame, arame, dulse, laminaria, kombu, and hijiki. Antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH method and the activity ranged from 0.00 to 2641.34 TEAC. The highest antioxidant activity was observed in kombu (2641.34 TEAC) and arame (2457.5 TEAC). Antimicrobial activity was analyzed by disk diffusion method and MIC method. Three G+ bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis), three G- bacteria (Salmonella enterica, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Yersinia enterocolitica), and four yeasts (Candida tropicalis, C. krusei, C. glabrata, C. albicans) were used as model organisms. The size of inhibition zones ranged from 0.00 to 8.67 mm. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of the selected seaweeds ranged from MIC50 98.46 (MIC90 100.25) to MIC50 3.43 µL/mL (MIC90 5.26 µL/mL). The content of selected elements was determined in seaweed samples by ICP-OES. The chemical composition of the algae showed differences between species and the presence of heavy metals. Arsenic, cadmium, and aluminum were confirmed. All seaweed samples contained arsenic ranging from 6.6546 to 76.48 mg/kg. Further investigation of seaweeds is needed to identify the active substances present in the algae that are responsible for antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. This study was carried out to evaluate the antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of extracts from five commonly consumed seaweeds for their ability to inhibit selected microorganisms and to determine the health risk due to heavy metals content. Our study contributes to the evidence that seaweeds have antimicrobial and antioxidant activity and seaweed extracts have for pharmacological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália Čmiková
- Institute of Horticulture, Faculty of Horticulture, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia; (N.Č.); (L.G.)
| | - Lucia Galovičová
- Institute of Horticulture, Faculty of Horticulture, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia; (N.Č.); (L.G.)
| | - Michal Miškeje
- AgroBioTech Research Centre, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia; (M.M.); (P.B.)
| | - Petra Borotová
- AgroBioTech Research Centre, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia; (M.M.); (P.B.)
| | - Maciej Kluz
- Department of Bioenergy, Food Technology and Microbiology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Rzeszow, 4 Zelwerowicza St, 35601 Rzeszow, Poland;
| | - Miroslava Kačániová
- Institute of Horticulture, Faculty of Horticulture, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia; (N.Č.); (L.G.)
- Department of Bioenergy, Food Technology and Microbiology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Rzeszow, 4 Zelwerowicza St, 35601 Rzeszow, Poland;
- Correspondence:
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Variation in biochemical composition of wild-harvested Macrocystis pyrifera (Ochrophyta) from sites proximal and distal to salmon farms in Tasmania, Australia. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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