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Sharma M, Lee LK, Carson MD, Park DS, An SW, Bovenkamp MG, Cayetano JJ, Berude IA, Nelson LY, Xu Z, Sadr A, Patel SN, Seibel EJ. O-pH: Optical pH Monitor to Measure Oral Biofilm Acidity and Assist in Enamel Health Monitoring. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2022; 69:2776-2786. [PMID: 35196222 PMCID: PMC9509691 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2022.3153659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bacteria in the oral biofilm produce acid after consumption of carbohydrates which if left unmonitored leads to caries formation. We present O-pH, a device that ca measure oral biofilm acidity and provide quantitative feedback to assist in oral health monitoring. METHOD O-pH utilizes a ratiometric pH sensing method by capturing fluorescence of Sodium Fluorescein, an FDA approved chemical dye. The device was calibrated to a lab pH meter using buffered fluorescein solution with a correlation coefficient of 0.97. The calibration was further verified in vitro on additional buffered solution, artificial, and extracted teeth. An in vivo study on 30 pediatric subjects was performed to measure pH before (rest pH) and after a sugar rinse (drop pH), and the resultant difference in pH (diff pH) was calculated. The study enrolled subjects with low (Post-Cleaning) and heavy (Pre-Cleaning) biofilm load, having both unhealthy/healthy surfaces. Further, we modified point-based O-pH to an image-based device using a multimode-scanning fiber endoscope (mm-SFE) and tested in vivo on one subject. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION We found significant difference between Post-Cleaning and Pre-Cleaning group using drop pH and diff pH. Additionally, in Pre-Cleaning group, the rest and drop pH is lower at the caries surfaces compared to healthy surfaces. Similar trend was not noticed in the Post-Cleaning group. mm-SFE pH scope recorded image-based pH heatmap of a subject with an average average diff pH of 1.5. SIGNIFICANCE This work builds an optical pH prototype and presents a pioneering study for non-invasively measuring pH of oral biofilm clinically.
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Tabata M, Ratanaporncharoen C, Ishihara N, Masu K, Sriyudthsak M, Kitasako Y, Ikeda M, Tagami J, Miyahara Y. Surface analysis of dental caries using a wireless pH sensor and Raman spectroscopy for chairside diagnosis. Talanta 2021; 235:122718. [PMID: 34517586 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A chairside tool for quantitative analysis of dental caries would improve clinical dental inspections. The wireless caries sensing tool with dental-explorer size has been developed comparing two sensing methods, Raman reading and pH reading for evaluating dental caries. The Raman spectra at 575 cm-1 and 960 cm-1 for in inorganic compounds, as well as 1450 cm-1 and 2940 cm-1 for organic compounds reinforced and supported the pH results. An Iridium/Iridium oxide (Ir/IrOx) pH sensing probe and wireless pH sensor (comprising an ESP8266 ESP-01 wireless module and ADS1115 analog digital converter) has been developed to quantitatively evaluate dental caries. All the operations of the wireless pH sensor were performed with a developed LabVIEW-based real-time data monitoring program. The slope and the linear fitting regression value (R2) of the wireless pH sensor using seven standards were -54.9 mV/pH and 0.999, respectively, showing high accuracy and stability for the pH measurements. The pH on the dental caries surface was measured with the wireless pH sensor, and the pH mapping results in the non-caries and caries areas were 6.9 and 5.7, respectively. The developed wireless pH sensor would be useful to understand the condition of dental caries and support dentists' inspection to remove only the caries part while keeping the non-caries structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miyuki Tabata
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, 101-0062, Japan
| | | | - Noboru Ishihara
- Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, 226-8503, Japan
| | - Kazuya Masu
- Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, 226-8503, Japan
| | - Mana Sriyudthsak
- Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Yuichi Kitasako
- Faculty of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Masaomi Ikeda
- Faculty of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Junji Tagami
- Faculty of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Yuji Miyahara
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, 101-0062, Japan.
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Basic A, Enerbäck H, Waldenström S, Östgärd E, Suksuart N, Dahlen G. Presence of Helicobacter pylori and Campylobacter ureolyticus in the oral cavity of a Northern Thailand population that experiences stomach pain. J Oral Microbiol 2018; 10:1527655. [PMID: 30357014 PMCID: PMC6197023 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2018.1527655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To investigate oral diseases and microbiological conditions, such as the presence of ureolytic bacteria in dental plaque, in relation to experience of stomach pain in a remote adult Asian population. Methods: Ninety-three adults, 40-60-years old, from the Karen Hill tribe in Northern Thailand with no regular access to dental care were examined. Clinical registrations were performed and interproximal gingival plaque samples were collected and analyzed with the checkerboard (CKB) method for the presence of 14 oral bacterial species. Results: A number of 61 subjects reported daily stomach pain while 32 subjects had no symptoms from the stomach. The subjects with stomach pain had fewer remaining teeth (p < 0.05), higher caries experience (p < 0.05) and less BoP (p < 0.01). Most of the bacterial species were clustered statistically in three factors in a factor analysis, which together explained 65% of the microbiological variance. Factor 1, explaining 43.0% of the variance, was statistically associated with stomach pain (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The interproximal plaque/biofilm in adults of the study population showed a common presence of two gastrointestinal pathogens H. pylori and C. ureolyticus. The study also indicates for the first time a potential association between C. ureolyticus and stomach pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Basic
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hanna Enerbäck
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sara Waldenström
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Emma Östgärd
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Narong Suksuart
- Princess Mother Medical Voluntary Foundation, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Gunnar Dahlen
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Bapat S, Asawa K, Bhat N, Tak M, Gupta VV, Chaturvedi P, Daryani H, Shinde K. Assessment of Dental Nutrition Knowledge among Nutrition/Dietetics Students. J Clin Diagn Res 2016; 10:ZC37-ZC40. [PMID: 28050501 PMCID: PMC5198454 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2016/20851.8889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diet and nutrition plays an important role in signifying the health of an individual. Oral health is the most important aspect of the body when it comes to food intake and its health benefits. It is important for the nutrition/dietetics students to be aware of the health modalities related to oral aspect. AIM The aim of the present study was to assess knowledge towards the effect of diet and nutrition on oral health among nutrition/dietetics students of Udaipur city, Rajasthan, India. MATERIALS AND METHODS A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among all the nutrition and dietetics students of Udaipur city. A self-administered, pretested 14 item questionnaire was given to 180 students to assess their knowledge about dietary factors related to caries, anti-cariogenic foods, frequency and duration of sugar intake etc. One-way analysis of variance and independent sample t-test were utilized for statistical analysis. Confidence level and level of significance were set at 95% and 5%, respectively. RESULTS The mean score for knowledge was 28.92±1.72. Mean knowledge scores for III, II and I year students were 29.91±1.94, 29.56±1.27 and 27.30±1.66 respectively. When post-hoc Bonferroni test was applied, mean knowledge score was found to be at a higher end among III year as compared to I year (p=0.03) students. CONCLUSION This study highlights about low dental nutrition knowledge among nutrition/dietetics students. Health profess-ionals should have more information outside their immediate fields. Inter-professional team members should work in collaboration with each other to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salil Bapat
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Public Health Dentistry, SMBT Dental College, Sangamner, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kailash Asawa
- Reader, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Pacific Dental College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Nagesh Bhat
- Professor and Head, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Pacific Dental College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Mridula Tak
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Pacific Dental College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Vivek V Gupta
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Maharaja Ganga Singh Dental College and Research Centre, Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan, India
| | - Pulkit Chaturvedi
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Public Health Dentistry, R R Dental College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Hemasha Daryani
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Hitkarni Dental College, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Kushal Shinde
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Pacific Dental College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
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Koopman JE, Hoogenkamp MA, Buijs MJ, Brandt BW, Keijser BJF, Crielaard W, Ten Cate JM, Zaura E. Changes in the oral ecosystem induced by the use of 8% arginine toothpaste. Arch Oral Biol 2016; 73:79-87. [PMID: 27697693 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2016.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bacterial metabolism of arginine in the oral cavity has a pH-raising and thus, potential anti-caries effect. However, the influence of arginine on the oral microbial ecosystem remains largely unresolved. DESIGN In this pilot study, nine healthy individuals used toothpaste containing 8% arginine for eight weeks. Saliva was collected to determine arginolytic potential and sucrose metabolic activity at the Baseline, Week 4, Week 8 and after a two weeks Wash-out period. To follow the effects on microbial ecology, 16S rDNA sequencing on saliva and plaque samples at Baseline and Week 8 and metagenome sequencing on selected saliva samples of the same time-points was performed. RESULTS During the study period, the arginolytic potential of saliva increased, while the sucrose metabolism in saliva decreased. These effects were reversed during the Wash-out period. Although a few operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in plaque changed in abundance during the study period, there was no real shift in the plaque microbiome. In the saliva microbiome there was a significant compositional shift, specifically the genus Veillonella had increased significantly in abundance at Week 8. CONCLUSION Indeed, the presence of arginine in toothpaste affects the arginolytic capacity of saliva and reduces its sucrose metabolic activity. Additionally, it leads to a shift in the salivary microbiome composition towards a healthy ecology from a caries point of view. Therefore, arginine can be regarded as a genuine oral prebiotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica E Koopman
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michel A Hoogenkamp
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mark J Buijs
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bernd W Brandt
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bart J F Keijser
- Research Group Microbiology and Systems Biology, TNO Earth, Life and Social Sciences, Utrechtseweg 48, 3704 HE Zeist, The Netherlands
| | - Wim Crielaard
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jacob M Ten Cate
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Egija Zaura
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Yang TY, Zhou WJ, Du Y, Wu ST, Yuan WW, Yu Y, Su L, Luo Y, Zhang JH, Lu WL, Wang XQ, Chen J, Feng Y, Zhou XD, Zhang P. Role of saliva proteinase 3 in dental caries. Int J Oral Sci 2016; 7:174-8. [PMID: 26756046 PMCID: PMC4582561 DOI: 10.1038/ijos.2015.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Salivary analysis can be used to assess the severity of caries. Of the known salivary proteins, a paucity of information exists concerning the role of proteinase 3 (PR3), a serine protease of the chymotrypsin family, in dental caries. Whole, unstimulated saliva was collected from children with varying degrees of active caries and tested using a Human Protease Array Kit and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A significantly decreased concentration of salivary PR3 was noted with increasing severity of dental caries (P<0.01); a positive correlation (r=0.87; P<0.01; Pearson's correlation analysis) was also observed between salivary pH and PR3 concentration. In an antibacterial test, a PR3 concentration of 250 ng·mL⁻¹ or higher significantly inhibited Streptococcus mutans UA159 growth after 12 h of incubation (P<0.05). These studies indicate that PR3 is a salivary factor associated with the severity of dental caries, as suggested by the negative relationship between salivary PR3 concentration and the severity of caries as well as the susceptibility of S. mutans to PR3.
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Vinnichenko YA, Krikotina DV. [Criteria for the choice of manual pediatric toothbrush]. STOMATOLOGII︠A︡ 2015; 94:58-64. [PMID: 26171548 DOI: 10.17116/stomat201594258-64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu A Vinnichenko
- Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery; First Sechenov Moscow State Medical named after I.M. Sechenov
| | - D V Krikotina
- First Sechenov Moscow State Medical named after I.M. Sechenov
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Piwat S, Hassan H, Kjeang T, Lindehag J, Wedin H, Teanpaisan R, Dahlén G. Site-specific dental plaque pH in 13-year-old Thai schoolchildren. Clin Oral Investig 2015; 19:2179-86. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-015-1454-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Basic A, Dahlén G. Hydrogen sulfide production from subgingival plaque samples. Anaerobe 2014; 35:21-7. [PMID: 25280920 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2014.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a polymicrobial anaerobe infection. Little is known about the dysbiotic microbiota and the role of bacterial metabolites in the disease process. It is suggested that the production of certain waste products in the proteolytic metabolism may work as markers for disease severity. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gas produced by degradation of proteins in the subgingival pocket. It is highly toxic and believed to have pro-inflammatory properties. We aimed to study H2S production from subgingival plaque samples in relation to disease severity in subjects with natural development of the disease, using a colorimetric method based on bismuth precipitation. In remote areas of northern Thailand, adults with poor oral hygiene habits and a natural development of periodontal disease were examined for their oral health status. H2S production was measured with the bismuth method and subgingival plaque samples were analyzed for the presence of 20 bacterial species with the checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization technique. In total, 43 subjects were examined (age 40-60 years, mean PI 95 ± 6.6%). Fifty-six percent had moderate periodontal breakdown (CAL > 3 < 7 mm) and 35% had severe periodontal breakdown (CAL > 7 mm) on at least one site. Parvimonas micra, Filifactor alocis, Porphyromonas endodontalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum were frequently detected. H2S production could not be correlated to periodontal disease severity (PPD or CAL at sampled sites) or to a specific bacterial composition. Site 21 had statistically lower production of H2S (p = 0.02) compared to 16 and 46. Betel nut chewers had statistically significant lower H2S production (p = 0.01) than non-chewers. Rapid detection and estimation of subgingival H2S production capacity was easily and reliably tested by the colorimetric bismuth sulfide precipitation method. H2S may be a valuable clinical marker for degradation of proteins in the subgingival pocket.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Basic
- Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - G Dahlén
- Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
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