1
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Zeil J. Views from 'crabworld': the spatial distribution of light in a tropical mudflat. J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol 2023; 209:859-876. [PMID: 37460846 PMCID: PMC10643439 DOI: 10.1007/s00359-023-01653-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Natural scene analysis has been extensively used to understand how the invariant structure of the visual environment may have shaped biological image processing strategies. This paper deals with four crucial, but hitherto largely neglected aspects of natural scenes: (1) the viewpoint of specific animals; (2) the fact that image statistics are not independent of the position within the visual field; (3) the influence of the direction of illumination on luminance, spectral and polarization contrast in a scene; and (4) the biologically relevant information content of natural scenes. To address these issues, I recorded the spatial distribution of light in a tropical mudflat with a spectrographic imager equipped with a polarizing filter in an attempt to describe quantitatively the visual environment of fiddler crabs. The environment viewed by the crabs has a distinct structure. Depending on the position of the sun, the luminance, the spectral composition, and the polarization characteristics of horizontal light distribution are not uniform. This is true for both skylight and for reflections from the mudflat surface. The high-contrast feature of the line of horizon dominates the vertical distribution of light and is a discontinuity in terms of luminance, spectral distribution and of image statistics. On a clear day, skylight intensity increases towards the horizon due to multiple scattering, and its spectral composition increasingly resembles that of sunlight. Sky-substratum contrast is highest at short wavelengths. I discuss the consequences of this extreme example of the topography of vision for extracting biologically relevant information from natural scenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Zeil
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, P.O. Box 475, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.
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2
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Goerge TM, Miles DB. Habitat use and body temperature influence push-up display rate in the tree lizard, Urosaurus ornatus. BEHAVIOUR 2022. [DOI: 10.1163/1568539x-bja10193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Lizards engage in push-up displays to signal dominance and to secure access to important resources. The rate and patterns of push-up displays have been shown to vary based on both biotic and abiotic factors. We investigated push-up display rate in tree lizards, Urosaurus ornatus, to determine contributions from potentially conflicting factors including sex, throat colour, microhabitat usage, social context, and thermal traits. We found that display rate was best described by an interaction between microhabitat and body temperature (Tb). The relationship between display rate and Tb was significantly different between three microhabitats: sunny dead trees, the inner branches of trees, and tree trunks. We suggest that this variation in display rate is driven by shifts in microhabitat temperature over the course of the day and spatial and temporal adjustments being made depending on the probabilities of being detected by both conspecifics and predators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler M. Goerge
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Donald B. Miles
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
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3
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Tina FW, Muramatsu D. Males signal their breeding burrow characteristics to females in the fiddler crab Austruca perplexa. BEHAVIOUR 2022. [DOI: 10.1163/1568539x-bja10165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Females often choose mates based on their courtship signals. Males may signal their heritable genetic quality, defended resources, or parental care efforts; however, the reasons why females choose males based on their signals are often not clear. Here, we show that, in the fiddler crab Austruca perplexa, male signals (major-claw waving rates) were correlated with important characteristics of their defended resources (width and depth of breeding burrows). By using the male signals, females may be able to roughly predict the burrow quality and decide whether to enter and check the burrow characteristics. The signals are predicted to be honest because the female’s final decision is based on burrow quality. Since females can reject males if their burrow quality is insufficient for breeding, the courtship efforts of deceptive males will be dismissed. The honesty of the signals is beneficial for both sexes and thus easily evolved in their signalling system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahmida Wazed Tina
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Nakhon Si Thammarat Rajabhat University, Tha Ngio, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80280, Thailand
| | - Daisuke Muramatsu
- , Nara University of Education, Takabatake-cho, Nara, 630-8528, Japan
- Wildlife Research Center, Kyoto University, 2-24 Sekiden, Tanaka, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8203, Japan
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4
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Dickerson AL, Hall ML, Jones TM. The effect of natural and artificial light at night on nocturnal song in the diurnal willie wagtail. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 808:151986. [PMID: 34843784 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Artificial light at night (ALAN) has rapidly and drastically changed the global nocturnal environment. Evidence for the effect of ALAN on animal behaviour is mounting and animals are exposed to both point sources of light (street and other surrounding light sources) and broadscale illuminance in the form of skyglow. Research has typically taken a simplified approach to assessing the presence of ALAN, yet to fully understand the ecological impact requires consideration of the different scales and sources of light concurrently. Bird song has previously been well studied for its relationship with light, offering an opportunity to examine the relative impact of different sources of light on behaviour. In this study, we combine correlational and experimental approaches to examine how light at night affects the nocturnal song behaviour of the largely diurnal willie wagtail (Rhipidura leucophrys). Observations of willie wagtails across urban and rural locations in southeastern Australia demonstrated that nocturnal song behaviour increased with the intensity of moonlight in darker rural areas but decreased in areas with high sky glow. In addition, willie wagtails were half as likely to sing at night in the presence of localized light sources such as streetlights in urban and rural areas. Experimental introduction of streetlights to a previously dark area confirmed this relationship: willie wagtail song rates declined when lights were turned on and returned to their original rates following streetlight removal. Our findings show that scale, as well as intensity, are important when considering the impact of light at night as moonlight, sky glow, and localized sources of artificial light have different effects on nocturnal song behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashton L Dickerson
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Michelle L Hall
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; Bush Heritage Australia, 395 Collins Street, Melbourne, Vic 3000, Australia; School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Therésa M Jones
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
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5
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Properties of an attention-grabbing motion signal: a comparison of tail and body movements in a lizard. J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol 2022; 208:373-385. [PMID: 35113201 PMCID: PMC9123084 DOI: 10.1007/s00359-022-01544-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Animals signals must be detected by receiver sensory systems, and overcome a variety of local ecological factors that could otherwise affect their transmission and reception. Habitat structure, competition, avoidance of unintended receivers and varying environmental conditions have all been shown to influence how animals signal. Environmental noise is also crucial, and animals modify their behavior in response to it. Animals generating movement-based visual signals have to contend with wind-blown plants that generate motion noise and can affect the detection of salient movements. The lizard Amphibolurus muricatus uses tail flicking at the start of displays to attract attention, and we hypothesized that tail movements are ideally suited to this function. We compared visual amplitudes generated by tail movements with push-ups, which are a key component of the rest of the display. We show that tail movement amplitudes are highly variable over the course of the display but consistently greater than amplitudes generated by push-ups and not constrained by viewing position. We suggest that these features, combined with the tail being a light structure that does not compromise other activities, provide an ideal introductory component for attracting attention in the ecological setting in which they are generated.
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6
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Sand-bubbler crabs distinguish fiddler crab signals to predict intruders. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-021-03066-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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7
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Small males of the fiddler crab Austruca perplexa court more in the off-peak breeding period when large males court less. J ETHOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10164-021-00703-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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8
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Tobiansky DJ, Fuxjager MJ. Sex Steroids as Regulators of Gestural Communication. Endocrinology 2020; 161:5822602. [PMID: 32307535 PMCID: PMC7316366 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqaa064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Gestural communication is ubiquitous throughout the animal kingdom, occurring in species that range from humans to arthropods. Individuals produce gestural signals when their nervous system triggers the production of limb and body movement, which in turn functions to help mediate communication between or among individuals. Like many stereotyped motor patterns, the probability of a gestural display in a given social context can be modulated by sex steroid hormones. Here, we review how steroid hormones mediate the neural mechanisms that underly gestural communication in humans and nonhumans alike. This is a growing area of research, and thus we explore how sex steroids mediate brain areas involved in language production, social behavior, and motor performance. We also examine the way that sex steroids can regulate behavioral output by acting in the periphery via skeletal muscle. Altogether, we outline a new avenue of behavioral endocrinology research that aims to uncover the hormonal basis for one of the most common modes of communication among animals on Earth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Tobiansky
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
- Correspondence: Daniel J. Tobiansky, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912.
| | - Matthew J Fuxjager
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
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9
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela M. Perez
- Research School of Biology The Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia
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10
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Tina FW, Muramatsu D. Size‐dependent mating preference of the male fiddler crab Austruca perplexa. Ethology 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/eth.12961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fahmida Wazed Tina
- Faculty of Science and Technology Nakhon Si Thammarat Rajabhat University Nakhon Si Thammarat Thailand
| | - Daisuke Muramatsu
- Center for Natural Environment Education Nara University of Education Nara Japan
- Wildlife Research Center of Kyoto University Kyoto Japan
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11
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Stirman R, Pfennig KS. Competitively mediated changes in male toad calls can depend on call structure. Behav Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arz085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Males of many species aggregate in large groups where they signal to attract females. These large aggregations create intense competition for mates, and the simultaneous signaling by many individuals can impair any given male’s ability to attract females. In response to this situation, male signals can be modified, either evolutionarily or facultatively, such that the detectability of the signal is enhanced. The way in which signals are modified varies among even closely related species, yet few studies have evaluated what causes such variation. Here, we address this issue using male spadefoot toads (Spea multiplicata and Spea bombifrons), which call to attract females. Using data from natural populations, we examined if, and how, male calls of 3 different call types (S. multiplicata with a slow call, S. bombifrons with a slow call, and S. bombifrons with a fast call) varied depending on competition with other males. We found that in both call types consisting of slow calls, call pulse rate decreased with increasing competition. By contrast, in the call type consisting of fast calls, call rate decreased with increasing competition. Moreover, we found that the relationship between competition and male call effort—a measure of the energy that males expend in calling––differed between the call types. Such variation in male signals in response to competition can have important implications for explaining diversity in male signals and patterns of sexual selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Stirman
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Karin S Pfennig
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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12
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Perez DM, Backwell PRY. Selection for conspicuous visual signals in a fiddler crab. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-019-2670-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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13
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Darden SK, May MK, Boyland NK, Dabelsteen T. Territorial defense in a network: audiences only matter to male fiddler crabs primed for confrontation. Behav Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/ary169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Safi K Darden
- Centre for Research in Animal Behaviour, Department of Psychology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Washington Singer Laboratories, Exeter, UK
| | - Maggie K May
- Centre for Research in Animal Behaviour, Department of Psychology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Washington Singer Laboratories, Exeter, UK
| | - Natasha K Boyland
- Centre for Research in Animal Behaviour, Department of Psychology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Washington Singer Laboratories, Exeter, UK
- Compassion in World Farming, River Court, Godalming, Surrey, UK
| | - Torben Dabelsteen
- Behavioural Ecology Group, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, København Ø, Denmark
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14
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Miles MC, Fuxjager MJ. Social context modulates how the winner effect restructures territorial behaviour in free-living woodpeckers. Anim Behav 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2019.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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15
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Bywater CL, Wilson RS, Monro K, White CR. Legs of male fiddler crabs evolved to compensate for claw exaggeration and enhance claw functionality during waving displays. Evolution 2018; 72:2491-2502. [PMID: 30284733 DOI: 10.1111/evo.13617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Many exaggerated morphological traits evolve under sexual selection. However, the optimal level of exaggeration is dictated by a trade-off between natural and sexual selection, representing a balance between its benefits and associated costs. Male fiddler crabs wave an enlarged major claw during behavioural displays that eliminates the need for direct combat, and determines courtship outcomes. The outcomes of these displays often depend on claw size, exposing males to selection for larger claws to improve mating and combat success. Applying phylogenetic comparative methods to 27 fiddler crab species, we examined the evolution of major claw morphologies, leg morphologies, and waving displays to determine whether these traits coevolved to optimise functioning of the exaggerated claw, or to mitigate potential metabolic or locomotor costs. We found legs to be sexually dimorphic, with males having longer legs than females. Legs were also longer in species that waved laterally rather than vertically, in species with larger major claws, and in species whose major claws were relatively elongate. These results suggest that leg morphology has coevolved with claw enlargement to enhance functionality of the major claw during waving displays, in addition to compensating for any negative effects of claw size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candice L Bywater
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.,School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Robbie S Wilson
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Keyne Monro
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.,Centre for Geometric Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Craig R White
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.,School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.,Centre for Geometric Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
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16
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Simpson RK, McGraw KJ. It's not just what you have, but how you use it: solar-positional and behavioural effects on hummingbird colour appearance during courtship. Ecol Lett 2018; 21:1413-1422. [DOI: 10.1111/ele.13125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard K. Simpson
- School of Life Sciences; Arizona State University; Tempe AZ 85287-4501 USA
| | - Kevin J. McGraw
- School of Life Sciences; Arizona State University; Tempe AZ 85287-4501 USA
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17
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Thurman CL, Hopkins MJ, Brase AL, Shih HT. The unusual case of the widely distributed fiddler crab Minuca rapax (Smith, 1870) from the western Atlantic: an exemplary polytypic species. INVERTEBR SYST 2018. [DOI: 10.1071/is18029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A classic dilemma in taxonomy is distinguishing intraspecific from interspecific variation. In order to better comprehend the process of divergence and speciation, we examine morphological, genetic, developmental and behavioural variation among related fiddler crab populations from eastern North America, the Caribbean and South America. We chose geographically remote populations that appear related to Minuca rapax (Smith, 1870). First, using females from across the range of the species, we use geometric morphometric techniques to identify regional differences in carapace shape. Second, in the northern portion of the range, the Caribbean into the Gulf of Mexico, we report variation in the relationship between corporal size and cheliped length in males. Third, we examine the major components of the courtship waves produced by males from several locations in the western Gulf of Mexico. Fourth, we compare the structure of the gastric mill between different populations in the Gulf of Mexico, the Caribbean and the Atlantic Ocean. And, fifth, we use mitochondrial 16S rDNA and cytochrome oxidase subunit I as genetic markers to define the phylogeographic relationship among specimens from more than 20 populations. From these studies, we find discrete, distinct populations across the original range of the species. In particular, populations in the northern Gulf of Mexico appear to represent a lineage that has resulted from limited gene flow and sustained selection pressures. On the basis of the observed degree of divergence, it is apparent that some separated populations in M. rapax should be recognised as evolutionary significant units. The geographic range of these populations is consistent with the historical range for Minuca virens (Salmon & Atsaides, 1968), a putative species that otherwise cannot be consistently distinguished from M. rapax based on discrete external morphological characters. This study provides evidence for M. virens as an emergent but possibly not completely isolated subclade of the M. rapax species complex.
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18
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Tina FW, Jaroensutasinee M, Jaroensutasinee K. Receiver female body size and distances affect the claw-waving rate of signaller males in fiddler crabs (Brachyura, Ocypodidae). BEHAVIOUR 2018. [DOI: 10.1163/1568539x-00003510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
We tested for the first time how Austruca bengali Crane, 1975 signaller males adjusted their waving rates based on receiver female body sizes and their distances. We video recorded the waving display of 46 males (9–12 mm carapace width) for 30 s, and counted their waving rate. Receiver females were categorised as small (8–10 mm carapace width) and large (>10 mm). Distances between males and females were categorised as short (⩽12 cm) and long (>12 cm) distances. Our results indicate that males are able to measure distances and female sizes, and adjust their waving display by actively reducing waving rate (1) towards small females, as usually small females have lower fecundity compared to large ones and (2) towards females at very close distance because at this point, the females would make their mating decision, and thus males start to lead/hit the females towards their burrow rather than waving vigorously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahmida W. Tina
- Centre of Excellence for Ecoinformatics, School of Science, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand
| | - M. Jaroensutasinee
- Centre of Excellence for Ecoinformatics, School of Science, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand
| | - K. Jaroensutasinee
- Centre of Excellence for Ecoinformatics, School of Science, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand
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19
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Echeverri SA, Morehouse NI, Zurek DB. Control of signaling alignment during the dynamic courtship display of a jumping spider. Behav Ecol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arx107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian A Echeverri
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, 4249 5th Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Nathan I Morehouse
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, 4249 5th Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, 7148 Edwards One, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | - Daniel B Zurek
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, 4249 5th Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, 7148 Edwards One, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
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20
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Ord TJ, Stamps JA. Why does the rate of signal production in ectotherms vary with temperature? Behav Ecol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arx089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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21
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22
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Faster male displays and less complex choice are more attractive to female fiddler crabs as they reduce search costs. Anim Behav 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2016.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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23
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Coppinger B, Cannistraci RA, Karaman F, Kyle SC, Hobson EA, Freeberg TM, Hay JF. Studying audience effects in animals: what we can learn from human language research. Anim Behav 2017. [PMID: 29527016 DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2016.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ferhat Karaman
- Department of Psychology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, U.S.A
| | - Steven C Kyle
- Department of Psychology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, U.S.A
| | - Elizabeth A Hobson
- National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, U.S.A.,ASU-SFI Center for Biosocial Complex Systems, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, U.S.A.,Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM, U.S.A
| | - Todd M Freeberg
- Department of Psychology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, U.S.A.,Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, U.S.A.,NeuroNET Research Center, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, U.S.A
| | - Jessica F Hay
- Department of Psychology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, U.S.A.,NeuroNET Research Center, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, U.S.A
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24
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Izumi D, Kawano Y, Henmi Y. Experiments with claw models explain the function of the waving display of Ilyoplax pusilla (Brachyura: Dotillidae). J ETHOL 2016; 34:9-14. [PMID: 27829697 PMCID: PMC5080308 DOI: 10.1007/s10164-015-0438-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Males of the dotillid crab, Ilyoplax pusilla, perform waving displays during the reproductive season. Unlike many fiddler crabs (genus Uca), however, the function of the waving display is unclear for this species. Experiments using waving and static claw models over short (10 cm) and long (25 cm) distances were conducted to investigate responses by wandering females to artificial waving signals. In long-distance choice experiments, presuming undirected waving to unseen females as broadcast waving, females were equally likely to approach the waving and static claw sections during the non-reproductive season, but significantly more females (65 %) chose the waving claw section during the reproductive season. In short-distance choice experiments, presuming directed courtship waving toward a particular female, there was no significant difference between the waving and static claw models during the non-reproductive season, but significantly more females (88 %) chose the waving claw during the reproductive season. These results suggest that one function of the waving display of I. pusilla is mate attraction and that waving from a short distance is more effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daichi Izumi
- grid.274841.c0000000106606749Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kurokami, Kumamoto 860-8555 Japan
| | - Yoko Kawano
- grid.274841.c0000000106606749Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kurokami, Kumamoto 860-8555 Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Henmi
- grid.274841.c0000000106606749Aitsu Marine Station, Center for Marine Environment Studies, Kumamoto University, Matsushima, Kami-Amakusa, Kumamoto 861-6102 Japan
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25
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Perez DM, Christy JH, Backwell PRY. Choosing a mate in a high predation environment: Female preference in the fiddler crab Uca terpsichores. Ecol Evol 2016; 6:7443-7450. [PMID: 28725411 PMCID: PMC5513263 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The interplay between a receiver's sensory system and a sender's courtship signals is fundamental to the operation of sexual selection. Male courtship signals that match a female receiver's preexisting perceptual biases can be favored yet the message they communicate is not always clear. Do they simply beacon the male's location or also indicate his quality? We explored this question in a species of fiddler crab Uca terpsichores that courts under elevated predation risk and that mates and breeds underground in the safety of males' burrows. Sexually receptive females leave their own burrows and are thereby exposed to avian predators as they sequentially approach several courting males before they choose one. Males court by waving their single greatly enlarge claw and sometimes by building a sand hood next to their burrow entrance. Hoods are attractive because they elicit a risk-reducing orientation behavior in females, and it has been suggested that claw waving may also serve primarily to orient the female to the male. If the wave communicates male quality, then females should discriminate mates on the basis of variation in elements of the wave, as has been shown for other fiddler crabs. Alternatively, variation in elements of the claw waving display may have little effect on the display's utility as a beacon of the location of the male and his burrow. We filmed courting males and females under natural conditions as females responded to claw waving and chose mates. Analysis of the fine-scale courtship elements between the males that females rejected and those they chose revealed no differences. When predation risk during courtship is high, males' courtship displays may serve primarily to guide females to safe mating and breeding sites and not as indicators of male quality apart from their roles as beacons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela M. Perez
- Research School of BiologyThe Australian National UniversityCanberraACTAustralia
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Kuczynski MC, Gering E, Getty T. Context and condition dependent plasticity in sexual signaling in gray treefrogs. Behav Processes 2016; 124:74-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2015.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Ravignani A. Evolving perceptual biases for antisynchrony: a form of temporal coordination beyond synchrony. Front Neurosci 2015; 9:339. [PMID: 26483622 PMCID: PMC4588693 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2015.00339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ravignani
- Artificial Intelligence Lab, Vrije Universiteit BrusselBrussels, Belgium
- Sensory and Cognitive Ecology Group, Universität RostockRostock, Germany
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Fuxjager MJ, Eaton J, Lindsay WR, Salwiczek LH, Rensel MA, Barske J, Sorenson L, Day LB, Schlinger BA. Evolutionary patterns of adaptive acrobatics and physical performance predict expression profiles of androgen receptor - but not oestrogen receptor - in the forelimb musculature. Funct Ecol 2015; 29:1197-1208. [PMID: 26538789 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.12438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
1. Superior physical competence is vital to the adaptive behavioral routines of many animals, particularly those that engage in elaborate socio-sexual displays. How such traits evolve across species remains unclear. 2. Recent work suggests that activation of sex steroid receptors in neuromuscular systems is necessary for the fine motor skills needed to execute physically elaborate displays. Thus, using passerine birds as models, we test whether interspecific variation in display complexity predicts species differences in the abundance of androgen and estrogen receptors (AR and ERα) expressed in the forelimb musculature and spinal cord. 3. We find that small-scale evolutionary patterns in physical display complexity positively predict expression of the AR in the main muscles that lift and retract the wings. No such relationship is detected in the spinal cord, and we do not find a correlation between display behavior and neuromuscular expression of ERα. Also, we find that AR expression levels in different androgen targets throughout the body - namely the wing muscles, spinal cord, and testes - are not necessarily correlated, providing evidence that evolutionary forces may drive AR expression in a tissue-specific manner. 4. These results suggest co-evolution between the physical prowess necessary for display performance and levels of AR expression in avian forelimb muscles. Moreover, this relationship appears to be specific to muscle and AR-mediated, but not ERα-mediated, signaling. 5. Given that prior work suggests that activation of muscular AR is a necessary component of physical display performance, our current data support the hypothesis that sexual selection shapes levels of AR expressed in the forelimb skeletal muscles to help drive the evolution of adaptive motor abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Fuxjager
- Department of Biology, Wake Forest University, 228 Winston Hall, Winston-Salem, NC 27109, USA ; Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA ; Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Joy Eaton
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Willow R Lindsay
- Department of Biology, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Lucie H Salwiczek
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA ; Department of Behavioral Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Seewiesen, Germany
| | - Michelle A Rensel
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Julia Barske
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Laurie Sorenson
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Lainy B Day
- Department of Biology, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Barney A Schlinger
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA ; Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA ; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA ; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado Postal 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancón, Panama
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Steinberg DS, Losos JB, Schoener TW, Spiller DA, Kolbe JJ, Leal M. Predation-associated modulation of movement-based signals by a Bahamian lizard. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:9187-92. [PMID: 24843163 PMCID: PMC4078856 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1407190111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Signaling individuals must effectively capture and hold the attention of intended conspecific receivers while limiting eavesdropping by potential predators. A possible mechanism for achieving this balance is for individuals to modulate the physical properties of their signals or to alter the proportion of time spent signaling, depending upon local levels of predation pressure. We test the hypothesis that prey can alter their visual signaling behavior to decrease conspicuousness and potentially limit predation risk via modulation of signal properties or display rate. To do so, we conducted a manipulative experiment in nature to evaluate the possible effect of predation pressure on the physical properties of movement-based signals and on the proportion of time spent signaling by using a well-understood predator-prey system in the Bahamas, the semiarboreal lizard Anolis sagrei, and one of its main predators, the curly-tailed lizard Leiocephalus carinatus. We find that on islands onto which the predator was introduced, male anoles reduce the maximum amplitude of head-bob displays but not the proportion of time spent signaling, in comparison with control islands lacking the predator. This reduction of amplitude also decreases signal active space, which might alter the reproductive success of signaling individuals. We suggest that future studies of predator-prey interactions consider the risk effects generated by changes in signals or signaling behavior to fully determine the influence of predation pressure on the dynamics of prey populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jonathan B Losos
- Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138
| | - Thomas W Schoener
- Section of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616; and
| | - David A Spiller
- Section of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616; and
| | - Jason J Kolbe
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881
| | - Manuel Leal
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708
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Holman L, Kahn AT, Backwell PRY. Fiddlers on the roof: elevation muddles mate choice in fiddler crabs. Behav Ecol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/art125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Nava SS, Moreno L, Wang D. Receiver sex differences in visual response to dynamic motion signals in Sceloporus lizards. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-012-1392-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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How MJ, Pignatelli V, Temple SE, Marshall NJ, Hemmi JM. High e-vector acuity in the polarisation vision system of the fiddler crab Uca vomeris. J Exp Biol 2012; 215:2128-34. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.068544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
Polarisation vision is used by a variety of species in many important tasks, including navigation and orientation (e.g. desert ant), communication and signalling (e.g. stomatopod crustaceans), and as a possible substitute for colour vision (e.g. cephalopod molluscs). Fiddler crabs are thought to possess the anatomical structures necessary to detect polarised light, and occupy environments rich in polarisation cues. Yet little is known about the capabilities of their polarisation sense. A modified polarisation-only liquid crystal display and a spherical rotating treadmill were combined to test the responses of fiddler crabs to moving polarisation stimuli. The species Uca vomeris was found to be highly sensitive to polarised light and detected stimuli differing in e-vector angle by as little as 3.2 deg. This represents the most acute behavioural sensitivity to polarised light yet measured for a crustacean. The occurrence of null points in their discrimination curve indicates that this species employs an orthogonal (horizontal/vertical) receptor array for the detection of polarised light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin J. How
- Sensory Neurobiology Group, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Vincenzo Pignatelli
- Sensory Neurobiology Group, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Shelby E. Temple
- School of Biomedical Science, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Woodland Road, Bristol, BS8 1UG, UK
| | - N. Justin Marshall
- Sensory Neurobiology Group, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Jan M. Hemmi
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Vision Science and Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, ACT 0200, Australia
- School of Animal Biology and The UWA Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
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PEREZ DANIELAM, ROSENBERG MICHAELS, PIE MARCIOR. The evolution of waving displays in fiddler crabs (Uca spp., Crustacea: Ocypodidae). Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2012.01860.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Akre KL, Ryan MJ. Female túngara frogs elicit more complex mating signals from males. Behav Ecol 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arr065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Rajkumar P, Rollmann SM, Cook TA, Layne JE. Molecular evidence for color discrimination in the Atlantic sand fiddler crab, Uca pugilator. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 213:4240-8. [PMID: 21113005 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.051011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Fiddler crabs are intertidal brachyuran crabs that belong to the genus Uca. Approximately 97 different species have been identified, and several of these live sympatrically. Many have species-specific body color patterns that may act as signals for intra- and interspecific communication. To understand the behavioral and ecological role of this coloration we must know whether fiddler crabs have the physiological capacity to perceive color cues. Using a molecular approach, we identified the opsin-encoding genes and determined their expression patterns across the eye of the sand fiddler crab, Uca pugilator. We identified three different opsin-encoding genes (UpRh1, UpRh2 and UpRh3). UpRh1 and UpRh2 are highly related and have similarities in their amino acid sequences to other arthropod long- and medium-wavelength-sensitive opsins, whereas UpRh3 is similar to other arthropod UV-sensitive opsins. All three opsins are expressed in each ommatidium, in an opsin-specific pattern. UpRh3 is present only in the R8 photoreceptor cell, whereas UpRh1 and UpRh2 are present in the R1-7 cells, with UpRh1 expression restricted to five cells and UpRh2 expression present in three cells. Thus, one photoreceptor in every ommatidium expresses both UpRh1 and UpRh2, providing another example of sensory receptor coexpression. These results show that U. pugilator has the basic molecular machinery for color perception, perhaps even trichromatic vision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Premraj Rajkumar
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
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Muramatsu D. The Function of the Four Types of Waving Display in Uca lactea: Effects of Audience, Sand Structure, and Body Size. Ethology 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0310.2011.01884.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Akre KL, Ryan MJ. Proximity-dependent Response to Variably Complex Mating Signals in Túngara Frogs (Physalaemus pustulosus
). Ethology 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0310.2010.01825.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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For whom the male waves: four types of claw-waving display and their audiences in the fiddler crab, Uca lactea. J ETHOL 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10164-010-0216-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Patricelli GL, Krakauer AH. Tactical allocation of effort among multiple signals in sage grouse: an experiment with a robotic female. Behav Ecol 2009. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arp155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Peters RA, Allen SJ. Movement signal choreography unaffected by receiver distance in the Australian Jacky lizard, Amphibolurus muricatus. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-009-0754-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Booksmythe I, Detto T, Backwell PR. Female fiddler crabs settle for less: the travel costs of mate choice. Anim Behav 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2008.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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How MJ, Zeil J, Hemmi JM. Variability of a dynamic visual signal: the fiddler crab claw-waving display. J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol 2008; 195:55-67. [PMID: 19002693 DOI: 10.1007/s00359-008-0382-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2008] [Revised: 10/16/2008] [Accepted: 10/19/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Fiddler crabs use elaborate, species-specific claw-waving displays to communicate with rivals and mates. However, detailed comparative studies of fiddler crab signal structure and structural variations are lacking. This paper provides an analysis of the claw-waving displays of seven Australian species of fiddler crab, Uca mjoebergi, U. perplexa, U. polita, U. seismella, U. signata, U. elegans and U. vomeris. We used digital video to record and analyse the fine-scale spatiotemporal properties of these movement-based visual signals. We found that the structure and timing of the displays is species-specific, exhibiting inter-specific differences that follow phylogenetic relationships. The displays showed intra-specific variation according to individual identity, geographic location and fine-scale behavioural context. The observed differences and variations are discussed in the light of the evolutionary forces that may shape their design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin J How
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Vision Science and Centre for Visual Sciences, Research School of Biological Sciences, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
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How MJ, Hemmi JM. Courtship herding in the fiddler crab Uca elegans. J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol 2008; 194:1053-61. [DOI: 10.1007/s00359-008-0376-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2008] [Revised: 09/09/2008] [Accepted: 09/19/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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