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Riehle E, Beach DG, Multrus S, Parmar TP, Martin-Creuzburg D, Dietrich DR. Fate of Planktothrix-derived toxins in aquatic food webs: A case study in Lake Mindelsee (Germany). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 273:116154. [PMID: 38422789 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Blooms of the red, filamentous cyanobacterium Planktothrix rubescens occur frequently in pre-alpine lakes in Europe, often with concomitant toxic microcystin (MC) production. Trophic transfer of MCs has been observed in bivalves, fish, and zooplankton species, while uptake of MCs into Diptera species could facilitate distribution of MCs into terrestrial food webs and habitats. In this study, we characterized a Planktothrix bloom in summer 2019 in Lake Mindelsee and tracked possible trophic transfer and/or bioaccumulation of MCs via analysis of phytoplankton, zooplankton (Daphnia) and emergent aquatic insects (Chaoborus, Chironomidae and Trichoptera). Using 16 S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, we found that five sequence variants of Planktothrix spp. were responsible for bloom formation in September and October of 2019, and these MC-producing variants, provisionally identified as P. isothrix and/or P. serta, occurred exclusively in Lake Mindelsee (Germany), while other variants were also detected in nearby Lake Constance. The remaining cyanobacterial community was dominated by Cyanobiaceae species with high species overlap with Lake Constance, suggesting a well-established exchange of cyanobacteria species between the adjacent lakes. With targeted LC-HRMS/MS we identified two MC-congeners, MC-LR and [Asp3]MC-RR with maximum concentrations of 45 ng [Asp3]MC-RR/L in lake water in September. Both MC congeners displayed different predominance patterns, suggesting that two different MC-producing species occurred in a time-dependent manner, whereby [Asp3]MC-RR was clearly associated with the Planktothrix spp. bloom. We demonstrate an exclusive transfer of MC-LR, but not [Asp3]MC-RR, from phytoplankton into zooplankton reaching a 10-fold bioconcentration, yet complete absence of these MC congeners or their conjugates in aquatic insects. The latter demonstrated a limited trophic transfer of MCs from zooplankton to zooplanktivorous insect larvae (e.g., Chaoborus), or direct transfer into other aquatic insects (e.g. Chironomidae and Trichoptera), whether due to avoidance or limited uptake and/or rapid excretion of MCs by higher trophic emergent aquatic insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Riehle
- University of Konstanz, Human and Environmental Toxicology Research Group, Universitaetsstrasse 10, Konstanz 78464, Germany.
| | - Daniel G Beach
- National Research Council Canada, Biotoxin Metrology, 1411 Oxford St., Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3Z1, Canada
| | - Selina Multrus
- University of Konstanz, Human and Environmental Toxicology Research Group, Universitaetsstrasse 10, Konstanz 78464, Germany
| | - Tarn Preet Parmar
- Brandenburg Technical University (BTU), Cottbus-Senftenberg, Department of Aquatic Ecology, Seestrasse 45, Bad Saarow 15526, Germany
| | - Dominik Martin-Creuzburg
- Brandenburg Technical University (BTU), Cottbus-Senftenberg, Department of Aquatic Ecology, Seestrasse 45, Bad Saarow 15526, Germany
| | - Daniel R Dietrich
- University of Konstanz, Human and Environmental Toxicology Research Group, Universitaetsstrasse 10, Konstanz 78464, Germany.
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Lu N, Sun Y, Wei J, Gu L, Zhang L, Yang Z, Huang Y. Toxic Microcystis aeruginosa alters the resource allocation in Daphnia mitsukuri responding to fish predation cues. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 278:116918. [PMID: 33743270 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Many prey organisms adaptively respond to predation risk by inducible defenses with underlying tradeoffs in resource allocation. Cyanobacterial blooms expose zooplankton to poor food conditions, affecting the herbivores' fitness. Given the interferences on resources allocation and life history traits, poor-quality cyanobacteria are predicted to affect the adaptive predator-induced responses in zooplankton. Here, we exposed two clones (i.e., clones SH and ZJ) of the cladoceran Daphnia mitsukuri to different combinations of fish predation cues and diets containing toxic Microcystis aeruginosa (0%-30%). D. mitsukuri matured at a small size and had elongated relative tail spine as adaptive responses to fish cues. Despite the comparable tail spine defense, fish cue-induced changes in growth and reproduction in the clone SH were more pronounced than those in the clone ZJ under no M. aeruginosa. Animals accumulated microcystin in the whole body with increasing abundance of M. aeruginosa. However, the inducible enhanced tail spine allometry was not affected, resulting in unchanged tail spine defense by Daphnia under all M. aeruginosa treatments. By contrast, M. aeruginosa remarkably decreased the adaptive maturation size and the offspring number in all animals. However, the inducible reproductive effort tended to increase or remain unchanged depending on clones associated with the constant or decreased responses of the somatic growth effort under increasing M. aeruginosa. Our results suggested that toxic M. aeruginosa did not alter the resource allocation to antipredator morphological defense but affected the somatic growth and reproduction in D. mitsukuri under fish cues. The present study highlights the different effects of toxic cyanobacteria on adaptive predator-induced responses in zooplankton, promoting the understanding for the morphological defense-mediated predator-prey interactions in eutrophic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yunfei Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Junjun Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lei Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhou Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Zhang L, Wang Z, Wang N, Gu L, Sun Y, Huang Y, Chen Y, Yang Z. Mixotrophic Ochromonas Addition Improves the Harmful Microcystis-Dominated Phytoplankton Community in In Situ Microcosms. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:4609-4620. [PMID: 32126758 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b06438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Driven by global warming and eutrophication, outbreaks of cyanobacterial blooms have severely impacted ecosystem stability and water safety. Of the organisms used to control cyanobacteria, protozoa can highly resist cyanotoxins, efficiently control cyanobacterial populations, and show considerably different feeding strategies from those of metazoans. Thus, protozoa have great potential to control harmful cyanobacteria and improve phytoplankton composition in eutrophic waters. To evaluate the actual effects of protozoa in controlling cyanobacteria and improving the phytoplankton community structure in the field, an in situ microcosm study was performed using a flagellate Ochromonas gloeopara that ingests Microcystis. Results showed that adding Ochromonas reduced the cyanobacterial populations and increased the chlorophyte and diatom proportions. Furthermore, the species richness and diversity of the phytoplankton community were enhanced in microcosms with Ochromonas. Additionally, there was a gradual increase in the chlorophyte population in the unicellular Microcystis control, while Ochromonas addition significantly accelerated the replacement of dominant species. This study was the first to show the practical effects of protozoa on controlling cyanobacteria in the field, highlighting that a reduction in in situ cyanobacteria via protozoa can improve the phytoplankton community structure, dredge the toxic cyanobacteria-dominated microbial food web, and mitigate harmful cyanobacteria risks in fresh waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zeshuang Wang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Na Wang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lei Gu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yunfei Sun
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yafen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Lake and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 73 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Zhou Yang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
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Salmaso N, Cerasino L, Boscaini A, Capelli C. PlankticTychonema(Cyanobacteria) in the large lakes south of the Alps: phylogenetic assessment and toxigenic potential. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2016; 92:fiw155. [DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiw155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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Mazur-Marzec H, Sutryk K, Hebel A, Hohlfeld N, Pietrasik A, Błaszczyk A. Nodularia spumigena peptides--accumulation and effect on aquatic invertebrates. Toxins (Basel) 2015; 7:4404-20. [PMID: 26529012 PMCID: PMC4663510 DOI: 10.3390/toxins7114404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Thus far, the negative effects of Nodularia spumigena blooms on aquatic organisms have been mainly attributed to the production of the hepatotoxic nodularin (NOD). In the current work, the accumulation of other N. spumigena metabolites in blue mussels and crustaceans, and their effect on Thamnocephalus platyurus and Artemia franciscana, were examined. The liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analyses provided evidence that both blue mussels collected after a cyanobacterial bloom in the Baltic Sea and the crustaceans exposed under laboratory conditions to N. spumigena extract accumulated the cyclic anabaenopeptins (APs). In the crustaceans, the linear peptides, spumigins (SPUs) and aeruginosins (AERs), were additionally detected. Exposure of T. platyurus and A. franciscana to N. spumigena extract confirmed the negative effect of nodularin on the organisms. However, high numbers of dead crustaceans were also recorded in the nodularin-free fraction, which contained protease inhibitors classified to spumigins and aeruginosins. These findings indicate that cyanobacterial toxicity to aquatic organisms is a complex phenomenon and the induced effects can be attributed to diverse metabolites, not only to the known hepatotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Mazur-Marzec
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdańsk, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Sutryk
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdańsk, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Hebel
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdańsk, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland.
| | - Natalia Hohlfeld
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdańsk, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland.
| | - Anna Pietrasik
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdańsk, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland.
| | - Agata Błaszczyk
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdańsk, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland.
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