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Leet JK, Greer JB, Richter CA, Iwanowicz LR, Spinard E, McDonald J, Conway C, Gale RW, Tillitt DE, Hansen JD. Exposure to 17α-Ethinylestradiol Results in Differential Susceptibility of Largemouth Bass ( Micropterus salmoides) to Bacterial Infection. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:14375-14386. [PMID: 36197672 PMCID: PMC9583602 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c02250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Disease outbreaks, skin lesions, mortality events, and reproductive abnormalities have been observed in wild populations of centrarchids. The presence of estrogenic endocrine disrupting compounds (EEDCs) has been implicated as a potential causal factor for these effects. The effects of prior EEDC exposure on immune response were examined in juvenile largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) exposed to a potent synthetic estrogen (17α-ethinylestradiol, EE2) at a low (EE2Low, 0.87 ng/L) or high (EE2High, 9.08 ng/L) dose for 4 weeks, followed by transfer to clean water and injection with an LD40 dose of the Gram-negative bacteria Edwardsiella piscicida. Unexpectedly, this prior exposure to EE2High significantly increased survivorship at 10 d post-infection compared to solvent control or EE2Low-exposed, infected fish. Both prior exposure and infection with E. piscicida led to significantly reduced hepatic glycogen levels, indicating a stress response resulting in depletion of energy stores. Additionally, pathway analysis for liver and spleen indicated differentially expressed genes associated with immunometabolic processes in the mock-injected EE2High treatment that could underlie the observed protective effect and metabolic shift in EE2High-infected fish. Our results demonstrate that exposure to a model EEDC alters metabolism and immune function in a fish species that is ecologically and economically important in North America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica K. Leet
- U.S.
Geological Survey, Columbia Environmental
Research Center, 4200
New Haven Road, Columbia, Missouri 65201, United
States
| | - Justin B. Greer
- U.S.
Geological Survey, Western Fisheries Research
Center, 6505 NE 65th Street, Seattle, Washington 98115, United States
| | - Catherine A. Richter
- U.S.
Geological Survey, Columbia Environmental
Research Center, 4200
New Haven Road, Columbia, Missouri 65201, United
States
| | - Luke R. Iwanowicz
- U.S.
Geological Survey, Eastern Ecological Science
Center, 11649 Leetown
Road, Kearneysville, West
Virginia 25430, United
States
| | - Edward Spinard
- U.S.
Geological Survey, Western Fisheries Research
Center, 6505 NE 65th Street, Seattle, Washington 98115, United States
| | - Jacquelyn McDonald
- U.S.
Geological Survey, Western Fisheries Research
Center, 6505 NE 65th Street, Seattle, Washington 98115, United States
| | - Carla Conway
- U.S.
Geological Survey, Western Fisheries Research
Center, 6505 NE 65th Street, Seattle, Washington 98115, United States
| | - Robert W. Gale
- U.S.
Geological Survey, Columbia Environmental
Research Center, 4200
New Haven Road, Columbia, Missouri 65201, United
States
| | - Donald E. Tillitt
- U.S.
Geological Survey, Columbia Environmental
Research Center, 4200
New Haven Road, Columbia, Missouri 65201, United
States
| | - John D. Hansen
- U.S.
Geological Survey, Western Fisheries Research
Center, 6505 NE 65th Street, Seattle, Washington 98115, United States
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Delbes G, Blázquez M, Fernandino JI, Grigorova P, Hales BF, Metcalfe C, Navarro-Martín L, Parent L, Robaire B, Rwigemera A, Van Der Kraak G, Wade M, Marlatt V. Effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals on gonad development: Mechanistic insights from fish and mammals. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 204:112040. [PMID: 34509487 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Over the past century, evidence has emerged that endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) have an impact on reproductive health. An increased frequency of reproductive disorders has been observed worldwide in both wildlife and humans that is correlated with accidental exposures to EDCs and their increased production. Epidemiological and experimental studies have highlighted the consequences of early exposures and the existence of key windows of sensitivity during development. Such early in life exposures can have an immediate impact on gonadal and reproductive tract development, as well as on long-term reproductive health in both males and females. Traditionally, EDCs were thought to exert their effects by modifying the endocrine pathways controlling reproduction. Advances in knowledge of the mechanisms regulating sex determination, differentiation and gonadal development in fish and rodents have led to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of early exposure to EDCs on reproduction. In this manuscript, we review the key developmental stages sensitive to EDCs and the state of knowledge on the mechanisms by which model EDCs affect these processes, based on the roadmap of gonad development specific to fish and mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Delbes
- Centre Armand Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Laval, Canada.
| | - M Blázquez
- Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - J I Fernandino
- Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (CONICET-UNSAM), Chascomús, Argentina
| | | | - B F Hales
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - C Metcalfe
- School of Environment, Trent University, Trent, Canada
| | - L Navarro-Martín
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Parent
- Université TELUQ, Montréal, Canada
| | - B Robaire
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - A Rwigemera
- Centre Armand Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Laval, Canada
| | - G Van Der Kraak
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
| | - M Wade
- Environmental Health Science & Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - V Marlatt
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada
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3
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Mittal K, Henry PFP, Cornman RS, Maddox C, Basu N, Karouna-Renier NK. Sex- and Developmental Stage-Related Differences in the Hepatic Transcriptome of Japanese Quail (Coturnix japonica) Exposed to 17β-Trenbolone. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2021; 40:2559-2570. [PMID: 34157788 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals can cause transcriptomic changes that may disrupt biological processes associated with reproductive function including metabolism, transport, and cell growth. We investigated effects from in ovo and dietary exposure to 17β-trenbolone (at 0, 1, and 10 ppm) on the Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) hepatic transcriptome. Our objectives were to identify differentially expressed hepatic genes, assess perturbations of biological pathways, and examine sex- and developmental stage-related differences. The number of significantly differentially expressed genes was higher in embryos than in adults. Male embryos exhibited greater differential gene expression than female embryos, whereas in adults, males and females exhibited similar numbers of differentially expressed genes (>2-fold). Vitellogenin and apovitellenin-1 were up-regulated in male adults exposed to 10 ppm 17β-trenbolone, and these birds also exhibited indications of immunomodulation. Functional grouping of differentially expressed genes identified processes including metabolism and transport of biomolecules, enzyme activity, and extracellular matrix interactions. Pathway enrichment analyses identified as perturbed peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor pathway, cardiac muscle contraction, gluconeogenesis, growth factor signaling, focal adhesion, and bile acid biosynthesis. One of the primary uses of 17β-trenbolone is that of a growth promoter, and these results identify effects on mechanistic pathways related to steroidogenesis, cell proliferation, differentiation, growth, and metabolism of lipids and proteins. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:2559-2570. © 2021 SETAC. This article has been contributed to by US Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krittika Mittal
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Paula F P Henry
- US Geological Survey, Eastern Ecological Science Center, Patuxent Research Refuge, Laurel, Maryland, USA
| | - Robert S Cornman
- US Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center, Fort Collins, Colorado, US
| | - Catherine Maddox
- US Geological Survey, Eastern Ecological Science Center, Patuxent Research Refuge, Beltsville, Maryland, USA
| | - Niladri Basu
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Natalie K Karouna-Renier
- US Geological Survey, Eastern Ecological Science Center, Patuxent Research Refuge, Beltsville, Maryland, USA
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4
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Capillary electrophoresis and liquid chromatography for determining steroids in concentrates of purified water from Päijänne Lake. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1649:462233. [PMID: 34038782 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The research was done with partial filling micellar electrokinetic chromatography, microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography, and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography. The study focuses on determination of male and female steroids from cold and hot tap water of households in Helsinki City. The district´s raw water is made run from Päijänne Lake through a water tunnel to the purification plants in Helsinki area. The effluents delivered from the plants to households as tap water were sampled and used for the study. They were concentrated with solid phase extraction to exceed the detection limits of the three methods. With partial filling method the limits were 0.50, 0.48, 0.33, and 0.50 mg/L for androsterone, testosterone, progesterone, and testosterone-glucuronide, respectively. In microemulsion method the limit values were 1.33, 1.11, and 0.40 mg/L for androsterone, testosterone, and progesterone, respectively, and 0.83, 0.45, and 0.50 mg/L for hydrocortisone, 17-α-hydroxyprogesterone, and 17-α-methyltestosterone, respectively. In the tap water samples, progesterone concentrations represented the highest values being 0.22 and 1.18 ng/L in cold and hot water, respectively. They also contained testosterone (in all samples), its glucuronide metabolite (in 25% of the samples), and androstenedione (in 75% of the samples). The ultra-high liquid chromatographic method with mass spectrometric detection was used for identification of the steroids at µg/L level.
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DeCourten BM, Forbes JP, Roark HK, Burns NP, Major KM, White JW, Li J, Mehinto AC, Connon RE, Brander SM. Multigenerational and Transgenerational Effects of Environmentally Relevant Concentrations of Endocrine Disruptors in an Estuarine Fish Model. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:13849-13860. [PMID: 32989987 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c02892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Many pollutants cause endocrine disruption in aquatic organisms. While studies of the direct effects of toxicants on exposed organisms are commonplace, little is known about the potential for toxicant exposures in a parental (F0) generation to affect unexposed F1 or F2 generations (multigenerational and transgenerational effects, respectively), particularly in estuarine fishes. To investigate this possibility, we exposed inland silversides (Menidia beryllina) to environmentally relevant (low ng/L) concentrations of ethinylestradiol, bifenthrin, trenbolone, and levonorgestrel from 8 hpf to 21 dph. We then measured development, immune response, reproduction, gene expression, and DNA methylation for two subsequent generations following the exposure. Larval exposure (F0) to each compound resulted in negative effects in the F0 and F1 generations, and for ethinylestradiol and levonorgestrel, the F2 also. The specific endpoints that were responsive to exposure in each generation varied, but included increased incidence of larval deformities, reduced larval growth and survival, impaired immune function, skewed sex ratios, ovarian atresia, reduced egg production, and altered gene expression. Additionally, exposed fish exhibited differences in DNA methylation in selected genes, across all three generations, indicating epigenetic transfer of effects. These findings suggest that assessments across multiple generations are key to determining the full magnitude of adverse effects from contaminant exposure in early life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany M DeCourten
- Department of Biology and Marine Biology, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina 28403, United States
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Joshua P Forbes
- Department of Biology and Marine Biology, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina 28403, United States
| | - Hunter K Roark
- Department of Biology and Marine Biology, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina 28403, United States
| | - Nathan P Burns
- Department of Biology and Marine Biology, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina 28403, United States
| | - Kaley M Major
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - J Wilson White
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Coastal Oregon Marine Experiment Station, Oregon State University, Newport, Oregon 97365, United States
| | - Jie Li
- Bioinformatics Core, Genome Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Alvine C Mehinto
- Southern California Coastal Water Research Project Authority, Costa Mesa, California 92626, United States
| | - Richard E Connon
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Susanne M Brander
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Coastal Oregon Marine Experiment Station, Oregon State University, Newport, Oregon 97365, United States
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6
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Leet JK, Richter CA, Cornman RS, Berninger JP, Bhandari RK, Nicks DK, Zajicek JL, Blazer VS, Tillitt DE. Effects of early life stage exposure of largemouth bass to atrazine or a model estrogen (17α-ethinylestradiol). PeerJ 2020; 8:e9614. [PMID: 33072434 PMCID: PMC7537618 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting contaminants are of continuing concern for potentially contributing to reproductive dysfunction in largemouth and smallmouth bass in the Chesapeake Bay watershed (CBW) and elsewhere. Exposures to atrazine (ATR) have been hypothesized to have estrogenic effects on vertebrate endocrine systems. The incidence of intersex in male smallmouth bass from some regions of CBW has been correlated with ATR concentrations in water. Fish early life stages may be particularly vulnerable to ATR exposure in agricultural areas, as a spring influx of pesticides coincides with spawning and early development. Our objectives were to investigate the effects of early life stage exposure to ATR or the model estrogen 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) on sexual differentiation and gene expression in gonad tissue. We exposed newly hatched largemouth bass (LMB, Micropterus salmoides) from 7 to 80 days post-spawn to nominal concentrations of 1, 10, or 100 µg ATR/L or 1 or 10 ng EE2/L and monitored histological development and transcriptomic changes in gonad tissue. We observed a nearly 100% female sex ratio in LMB exposed to EE2 at 10 ng/L, presumably due to sex reversal of males. Many gonad genes were differentially expressed between sexes. Multidimensional scaling revealed clustering by gene expression of the 1 ng EE2/L and 100 µg ATR/L-treated male fish. Some pathways responsive to EE2 exposure were not sex-specific. We observed differential expression in male gonad in LMB exposed to EE2 at 1 ng/L of several genes involved in reproductive development and function, including star, cyp11a2, ddx4 (previously vasa), wnt5b, cyp1a and samhd1. Expression of star, cyp11a2 and cyp1a in males was also responsive to ATR exposure. Overall, our results confirm that early development is a sensitive window for estrogenic endocrine disruption in LMB and are consistent with the hypothesis that ATR exposure induces some estrogenic responses in the developing gonad. However, ATR-specific and EE2-specific responses were also observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica K Leet
- Columbia Environmental Research Center, United States Geological Survey, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Catherine A Richter
- Columbia Environmental Research Center, United States Geological Survey, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Robert S Cornman
- Fort Collins Science Center, United States Geological Survey, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Jason P Berninger
- Columbia Environmental Research Center, United States Geological Survey, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Ramji K Bhandari
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Diane K Nicks
- Columbia Environmental Research Center, United States Geological Survey, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - James L Zajicek
- Columbia Environmental Research Center, United States Geological Survey, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Vicki S Blazer
- Leetown Science Center, United States Geological Survey, Kearneysville, WV, USA
| | - Donald E Tillitt
- Columbia Environmental Research Center, United States Geological Survey, Columbia, MO, USA
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7
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Tapper MA, Kolanczyk RC, LaLone CA, Denny JS, Ankley GT. Conversion of Estrone to 17β-Estradiol: A Potential Confounding Factor in Assessing Risks of Environmental Estrogens to Fish. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2020; 39:2028-2040. [PMID: 33448467 PMCID: PMC8015245 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Feminization of male fish and the role of endocrine-active chemicals in this phenomenon has been an area of intense study for many years. Estrone (E1), a natural steroid, is found in aquatic environments sometimes at high concentrations relative to the estrogenic steroids 17β-estradiol (E2) and 17α-ethynylestradiol. However, E1 has been less thoroughly studied than E2 or 17α-ethynylestradiol due in part to a relatively lower potency in metabolically limited estrogen receptor (ER) binding/activation assays. Recent evidence suggests that in vivo biotransformation of E1 to E2 may occur in fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) residing in environments with high concentrations of E1, such as near wastewater treatment plants. The enzymes likely responsible for this biotransformation, 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (17βHSDs), have been well characterized in mammals but to a lesser extent in fish species. In the present study, a novel systematic analysis of amino acid sequence data from the National Center for Biotechnology Information database demonstrated that multiple 17βHSD isoforms are conserved across different fish species. Experimentally, we showed that metabolically active hepatic cytosolic preparations from 2 commercially important salmonid species, rainbow trout and lake trout, biotransformed E1 to E2 to a degree sufficient to alter results of competitive ER binding assays. These results from in silico and in vitro analyses indicate that E1 and biotransformation may play a significant role in adverse effects on development and reproduction of a variety of fish species in contaminated aquatic environments. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:2028-2040. Published 2020. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Tapper
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| | - Richard C Kolanczyk
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| | - Carlie A LaLone
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Denny
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| | - Gerald T Ankley
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
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8
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D'Alvise NP, Richard S, Aublanc P, Bunet R, Bonnefont JL. When male seahorses take the female contraceptive pill .. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:16528-16538. [PMID: 32128727 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08152-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2), the female contraceptive pill, has been detected in mediterranean coasts where seahorse populations, Hippocampus guttulatus, live. Low environmental concentrations have the potential to disrupt growth but also endocrine metabolism, and this imbalance is all the more critical in early life stage. To investigate the impact of EE2 in reared seahorses, we exposed aged 2 months and sexually undifferentiated seahorses to an environmental concentration of 21 ng/L of EE2 for a period of 30 days. EE2 exposure led to a 19% reduction in weight, but also a mortality rate of 27%. This exposure predicted demasculinization of male individuals with a late onset of secondary sexual characteristics. EE2 exposure led to an increase of the free androgen index, but significant reductions of estradiol and testosterone in males were observed. This low estrogen concentration seemed to impact the positive feedback on luteinizing hormone (LH) with a decrease in LH production. Added to this, synthetic estrogen had a negative impact on the production and the release of follicle-stimulating hormone. Contrary to all expectations, females demonstrated a significant decrease in vitellogenin, following exposure to EE2 at 21 ng/L, while no changes were detected in males. This first study on the European long-snouted seahorses confirmed the deleterious impact of the female contraceptive pill with a real impact on growth, sexual differentiation, and maturation in young immature seahorses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Prévot D'Alvise
- Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO) - UMR 7294, Équipe EMBIO, Université de Toulon, CS 60584, 83 041, Toulon Cedex 9, France.
| | - Simone Richard
- Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO) - UMR 7294, Équipe EMBIO, Université de Toulon, CS 60584, 83 041, Toulon Cedex 9, France
| | - Philippe Aublanc
- Institut Océanographique Paul Ricard (IOPR), Ile des Embiez, 83140, Six Fours Les Plages, France
| | - Robert Bunet
- Institut Océanographique Paul Ricard (IOPR), Ile des Embiez, 83140, Six Fours Les Plages, France
| | - Jean-Luc Bonnefont
- Institut Océanographique Paul Ricard (IOPR), Ile des Embiez, 83140, Six Fours Les Plages, France
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9
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Rutherford R, Lister A, Bosker T, Blewett T, Gillio Meina E, Chehade I, Kanagasabesan T, MacLatchy D. Mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus) are less sensitive to 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE 2) than other common model teleosts: A comparative review of reproductive effects. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2020; 289:113378. [PMID: 31899193 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2019.113378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The environmental estrogen 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) will depress or completely inhibit egg production in many common model teleosts at low concentrations (≤0.5 ng/L; Runnalls et al., 2015). This inhibition is not seen in the estuarine killifish, or mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus), even when exposed to 100 ng/L EE2. This relative insensitivity to EE2 exposure indicates species-specific mechanisms for compensating for exogenous estrogenic exposure. This review compares various reproductive responses elicited by EE2 in mummichog to other common model teleosts, such as zebrafish (Danio rerio) and fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas), identifying key endpoints where mummichog differ from other studied fish. For example, EE2 accumulates primarily in the liver/gall bladder of mummichog, which is different than zebrafish and fathead minnow in which accumulation is predominantly in the carcass. Despite causing species-specific differences in fecundity, EE2 has been shown to consistently induce hepatic vitellogenin in males and cause feminization/sex reversal during gonadal differentiation in larval mummichog, similar to other species. In addition, while gonadal steroidogenesis and plasma steroid levels respond to exogenous EE2, it is generally at higher concentrations than observed in other species. In mummichog, production of 17β-estradiol (E2) by full grown ovarian follicles remains high; unlike other teleost models where E2 synthesis decreases as 17α,20β-dihydroxy-4-prenen-3-on levels increase to induce oocyte maturation. New evidence in mummichog indicates some dissimilarity in gonadal steroidogenic gene expression responses compared to gene expression responses in zebrafish and fathead minnow exposed to EE2. The role of ovarian physiology continues to warrant investigation regarding the tolerance of mummichog to exogenous EE2 exposure. Here we present a comprehensive review, highlighting key biological differences in response to EE2 exposure between mummichog and other commonly used model teleosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Rutherford
- Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada.
| | - Andrea Lister
- Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada.
| | - Thijs Bosker
- Leiden University College/Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, P.O. Box 13228, 2501 EE, The Hague, the Netherlands.
| | - Tamzin Blewett
- University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, 116 St & 85 Ave, T6G 2R3, Canada.
| | | | - Ibrahim Chehade
- New York University Abu Dhabi, Saadiyat Island, P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | | | - Deborah MacLatchy
- Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada.
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10
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Sacdal R, Madriaga J, Espino MP. Overview of the analysis, occurrence and ecological effects of hormones in lake waters in Asia. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 182:109091. [PMID: 31927242 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.109091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Hormones are natural and synthetic compounds that are now being detected in the aquatic environment. Many lakes in Asia are important water sources that may be affected by these emerging contaminants. Lakes are drains and reservoirs of watersheds that are altered by changing land use and environmental conditions. While there are several studies on the detection of hormones in lakes, these studies were mostly done in China. Limited information is available on the presence of these contaminants in the lakes in other Asian countries. Hormones in the lake water come from discharge waters in urban areas, farm runoffs, and effluents of wastewater and sewage treatment plants. Hormones contamination in water has been shown to affect the reproduction and growth of certain aquatic organisms. In this review, a background on the chemical nature and physiological functions of hormones is provided and the existing knowledge on the occurrence and ecological impacts of hormones in lakes is described. The available analytical methods for sampling, analyte extraction and instrumental analysis are outlined. This overview provides insights on the current conditions of lakes that may be impacted by hormones contamination. Understanding the levels and possible ecological consequences will address the issues on these emerging contaminants especially in the Asian environment. This will elicit discussions on improving guidelines on wastewater discharges and will drive future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosselle Sacdal
- Institute of Chemistry, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, 1101, Philippines
| | - Jonalyn Madriaga
- Institute of Chemistry, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, 1101, Philippines
| | - Maria Pythias Espino
- Institute of Chemistry, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, 1101, Philippines.
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11
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Jerome FC, Hassan A, Chukwuka AV. Metalloestrogen uptake, antioxidant modulation and ovotestes development in Callinectes amnicola (blue crab): A first report of crustacea intersex in the Lagos lagoon (Nigeria). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 704:135235. [PMID: 31831227 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fisayo Christie Jerome
- Fisheries Resources Department, Marine Biology Section, Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | | | - Azubuike Victor Chukwuka
- Conservation Unit, Environmental Quality Control Department, National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency (NESREA), Osun State Field-Office, Osun State Field-Office, Osogbo-Nigeria, Nigeria.
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12
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Campos JM, Queiroz SCN, Roston DM. Removal of the endocrine disruptors ethinyl estradiol, bisphenol A, and levonorgestrel by subsurface constructed wetlands. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 693:133514. [PMID: 31369896 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The present work aimed to evaluate the removal efficiency of the endocrine disruptors ethinyl estradiol (EE2), the progestin levonorgestrel (LNG), and bisphenol A (BPA), considered to be contaminants of major concern, by using four laboratory scale constructed wetlands (CW) - three containing gravel as support media, one cultivated with Cyperus isocladus (WL1), other with Eichhornia crassipes (WL3), and one without macrophyte (WL2). The fourth unit contained gravel and bamboo charcoal as support medium, also cultivated with Cyperus isocladus (WLC). Two hydraulic retention times (HRT) were tested, 2 and 4 days. Average removals ranged from 9.0 to 95.6% for EE2, from 29.5 to 91.2% for BPA and from 39.1 to 100.0% for LNG. The results showed that the most efficient CW for removal of EE2 and BPA was WLC, and for LNG removal was WL3. The 2 days HRT was statistically more efficient in removing EE2, and the 4 days HRT was more efficient in the LNG removal. The other endocrine disruptors and concentration ranges were not influenced by HRT. It was concluded that WLC was the most suitable CW for removal of these three compounds, and it possibly is efficient also for the removal of other endocrine disruptors with similar physical-chemical characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julyenne Meneghetti Campos
- School of Agricultural Engineering, University of Campinas, Candido Rondon Avenue, 501, 13083-875 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | - Sonia C N Queiroz
- Embrapa Meio Ambiente, Laboratory of Residues and Contaminants, SP 340 Road, Km 127.5, 13918-110, Tanquinho Velho, Jaguariúna, SP, Brazil.
| | - Denis M Roston
- School of Agricultural Engineering, University of Campinas, Candido Rondon Avenue, 501, 13083-875 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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13
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Bertram MG, Martin JM, Saaristo M, Ecker TE, Michelangeli M, Deal NDS, Lim SL, O'Bryan MK, Wong BBM. Context-specific behavioural changes induced by exposure to an androgenic endocrine disruptor. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 664:177-187. [PMID: 30743111 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical contaminants are being detected with increased frequency in organisms and ecosystems worldwide. This represents a major environmental concern given that various pharmaceuticals act on drug targets that are evolutionarily conserved across diverse taxa, are often persistent in the environment, and can bioconcentrate in organisms and bioaccumulate in food chains. Despite this, relatively little is known about the potential for pharmaceutical contaminants to affect animal behaviour, especially across multiple fitness-related contexts. Here, we investigated impacts of 21-day exposure of wild-caught male eastern mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki) to a field-realistic level of the veterinary pharmaceutical 17β-trenbolone-a growth-promoting steroid used extensively in beef production worldwide and a potent androgenic endocrine disruptor repeatedly detected in surface waters affected by livestock effluent run-off. First, we examined male boldness, activity, and exploratory behaviour in a novel environment (maze arena) and found no significant effect of 17β-trenbolone exposure. Second, the same males were tested in a reproductive assay for their tendency to associate with a stimulus (unexposed) female behind a partition. Exposed males exhibited reduced association behaviour, taking longer to first associate with, and spending less time within close proximity to, a female. Third, all males were assayed for sperm function (computer-assisted sperm analysis, sperm viability) or quantity (total sperm count) and, although no significant main effects of 17β-trenbolone were seen on sperm traits, exposure altered the relationship between male morphology and sperm function. Lastly, morphological traits were assessed and exposed males were found to have, on average, increased mass relative to length. In combination, these results demonstrate that exposure to a field-realistic level of 17β-trenbolone can produce subtle but important trait alterations in male fish-including context-specific behavioural changes, disruption of key sperm function trade-offs, and altered morphology-with potential impacts on exposed wildlife.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G Bertram
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Jake M Martin
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Minna Saaristo
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia; Department of Biosciences, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Tiarne E Ecker
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Marcus Michelangeli
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia; Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - Nicholas D S Deal
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shu Ly Lim
- The Development and Stem Cells Program of Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and the Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Moira K O'Bryan
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia; The Development and Stem Cells Program of Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and the Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bob B M Wong
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
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14
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Rutherford R, Lister A, MacLatchy D. Comparison of steroidogenic gene expression in mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus) testis tissue following exposure to aromatizable or non-aromatizable androgens. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 227:39-49. [PMID: 30218714 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Androgens are a recognized class of endocrine disrupting compounds with the ability to impact reproductive status in aquatic organisms. The current study utilized in vitro exposure of mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus) testis tissue to either the aromatizable androgen 17α-methyltestosterone (MT) or the non-aromatizable androgen 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) over the course of 24 h to determine if there were differential effects on steroidogenic gene expression. Testis tissue was exposed to androgen concentrations of 10-12 M, 10-9 M and 10-6 M for 6, 12, 18 or 24 h, after which a suite of steroidogenic genes, including steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3βhsd) and cytochrome P450 17A1 (cyp17a1), were quantified using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Both androgens affected steroidogenic gene expression, with most alterations occurring at the 24-hour time point. The gene with the highest fold-change, and shortest interval to expression alteration, was 3βhsd for both androgens. Potential differences between the two model androgens were observed in increased expression of cyp17a1 and 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11βhsd), which were only altered after exposure to DHT and in expression levels of cytochrome P450 11A1 (cyp11a1), which was upregulated by MT but not altered by DHT. Results from this study show both androgens interact at the gonadal level of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis and may possess some distinct gene expression impacts. These data strengthen the current research initiatives of establishing in vitro test systems that allow toxic potential of untested chemicals to be predicted from molecular perturbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Rutherford
- Department of Biology, Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada.
| | - Andrea Lister
- Department of Biology, Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada
| | - Deborah MacLatchy
- Department of Biology, Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada
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15
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Kramer RD, Filippe TC, Prado MR, de Azevedo JCR. The influence of solid-liquid coefficient in the fate of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in aerobic wastewater treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:25515-25525. [PMID: 29956261 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2609-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are considered to be a source of environmental contamination by micropollutants, especially from pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PCPs). The pathway of those compounds during sewage treatment has been investigated, but data from real-scale WWTPs is still missing (for example, the values of the solid-liquid coefficient (Kd) during treatment). This paper uses the Kd values for some pharmaceuticals and PCPs (fenofibrate, gemfibrozil, propranolol, metoprolol, salicylic acid, acetylsalicylic acid, ibuprofen, diclofenac, naproxen, fenoprofen, caffeine, triclosan, methylparaben, ethylparaben, propylparaben, butylparaben, and benzylparaben) to describe the micropollutants' behavior in the treatment process. In order to attain this data, an aerobic wastewater treatment plant located in Brazil was studied. Six samplings were carried out and a mass balance was performed, associating the concentrations of the micropollutants in the liquid phase with the solid phase (sludge and suspended solids). Of all the compounds analyzed, caffeine was the most biodegradable pollutant, as almost 98% of its mass was biodegraded. In contrast, triclosan had the highest load in sludge (median of 163.0 mg day-1) and adsorbed in SS (median of 0.593 mg day-1) at the output. Summing up, each micropollutant had a specific way to be removed during wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael D Kramer
- Hydraulic and Sanitation Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.
- Chemistry and Biology Department, Federal Technological University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.
| | - Tais C Filippe
- Chemistry and Biology Department, Federal Technological University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Marcelo R Prado
- Chemistry and Biology Department, Federal Technological University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Júlio César R de Azevedo
- Hydraulic and Sanitation Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
- Chemistry and Biology Department, Federal Technological University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
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16
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Ankley GT, Coady KK, Gross M, Holbech H, Levine SL, Maack G, Williams M. A critical review of the environmental occurrence and potential effects in aquatic vertebrates of the potent androgen receptor agonist 17β-trenbolone. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2018; 37:2064-2078. [PMID: 29701261 PMCID: PMC6129983 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Trenbolone acetate is widely used in some parts of the world for its desirable anabolic effects on livestock. Several metabolites of the acetate, including 17β-trenbolone, have been detected at low nanograms per liter concentrations in surface waters associated with animal feedlots. The 17β-trenbolone isomer can affect androgen receptor signaling pathways in various vertebrate species at comparatively low concentrations/doses. The present article provides a comprehensive review and synthesis of the existing literature concerning exposure to and biological effects of 17β-trenbolone, with an emphasis on potential risks to aquatic animals. In vitro studies indicate that, although 17β-trenbolone can activate several nuclear hormone receptors, its highest affinity is for the androgen receptor in all vertebrate taxa examined, including fish. Exposure of fish to nanograms per liter water concentrations of 17β-trenbolone can cause changes in endocrine function in the short term, and adverse apical effects in longer exposures during development and reproduction. Impacts on endocrine function typically are indicative of inappropriate androgen receptor signaling, such as changes in sex steroid metabolism, impacts on gonadal stage, and masculinization of females. Exposure of fish to 17β-trenbolone during sexual differentiation in early development can greatly skew sex ratios, whereas adult exposures can adversely impact fertility and fecundity. To fully assess ecosystem-level risks, additional research is warranted to address uncertainties as to the degree/breadth of environmental exposures and potential population-level effects of 17β-trenbolone in sensitive species. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:2064-2078. Published 2018 Wiley Periodicals Inc. on behalf of SETAC. This article is a US government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald T. Ankley
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Office or Research and Development, Duluth, MN, USA
| | - Katherine K. Coady
- The Dow Chemical Company, Toxicology and Environmental Research and Consulting, Midland, MI, USA
| | | | - Henrik Holbech
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
| | | | - Gerd Maack
- German Environment Agency (UBA), Dessau-Roβlau, Germany
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17
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Ali JM, Sangster JL, Snow DD, Bartelt-Hunt SL, Kolok AS. Compensatory response of fathead minnow larvae following a pulsed in-situ exposure to a seasonal agricultural runoff event. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 603-604:817-826. [PMID: 28385422 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.03.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Agriculturally-dominated waterways such as those found throughout the Midwestern United States often experience seasonal pulses of agrichemical contaminants which pose a potential hazard to aquatic organisms at varying life stages. The objective of this study was to characterize the developmental plasticity of fathead minnow larvae in a natural environment subject to a seasonal episodic perturbation in the form of a complex mixture of agricultural stressors. Fathead minnow larvae were maintained at the Elkhorn River Research Station for a 28-d in situ exposure to an agrichemical pulse event. Minnow larvae were sampled after 14 and 28days to characterize developmental plasticity through growth measures and relative gene expression. Concentrations of agrichemical contaminants measured in water using polar organic chemical integrative samplers and composite sediment samples throughout the 28-d exposure were quantified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Elevated concentrations of acetochlor, atrazine, and metolachlor were indicative of inputs from agricultural sources and were associated with reductions in body mass, condition factor, and androgenic gene expression in river exposed fathead minnow larvae. However, following a 14-d in situ depuration during the post-pulse period, river exposed larvae overcompensated in previously suppressed biological endpoints. These results indicate that fathead minnow larvae are capable of compensatory responses following episodic exposure to agrichemical stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan M Ali
- Department of Environmental, Agricultural and Occupational Health, University of Nebraska - Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6805, United States
| | - Jodi L Sangster
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Peter Kiewit Institute, Omaha, NE 68182-0178, United States; USDA-ARS, U.S. Salinity Laboratory, Riverside, CA 92507-4617, United States
| | - Daniel D Snow
- Nebraska Water Center and School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0844, United States
| | - Shannon L Bartelt-Hunt
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Peter Kiewit Institute, Omaha, NE 68182-0178, United States
| | - Alan S Kolok
- Department of Environmental, Agricultural and Occupational Health, University of Nebraska - Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6805, United States; Department of Biology, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182-0040, United States.
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18
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Thornton LM, Path EM, Nystrom GS, Venables BJ, Sellin Jeffries MK. Early Life Stage Exposure to BDE-47 Causes Adverse Effects on Reproductive Success and Sexual Differentiation in Fathead Minnows (Pimephales promelas). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:7834-41. [PMID: 27326452 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b02147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
2,2',4,4'-Tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47), a compound manufactured for use as a flame retardant, is a ubiquitous environmental contaminant and suspected endocrine disruptor. Though several studies have explored the reproductive effects of BDE-47 in adult fish, there is a paucity of data regarding the reproductive effects of early life stage exposure. The goal of this study was to assess the reproductive effects of early life stage BDE-47 exposure in fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas). To achieve this, minnows were exposed to either a low (57.68 μg BDE-47/g Artemia) or high (392.59 μg BDE-47/g Artemia) dose of BDE-47 from fertilization to 34 days postfertilization (dpf) via a combination of maternal transfer and dietary exposure. Larvae were then raised on a clean diet until sexual maturity (∼184 dpf) when reproductive function was evaluated using a 21 day breeding study. Fish exposed to BDE-47 had significantly reduced clutch size and fecundity relative to controls. BDE-47 exposed groups also had female-biased sex ratios and exposed males had fewer tubercles. Overall, this study demonstrates that exposure to BDE-47 during early life stages can alter both sexual differentiation and reproductive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah M Thornton
- Department of Biology, Texas Christian University , Fort Worth, Texas 76129, United States
| | - Elise M Path
- Department of Biology, Texas Christian University , Fort Worth, Texas 76129, United States
| | - Gunnar S Nystrom
- Department of Biology, Texas Christian University , Fort Worth, Texas 76129, United States
| | - Barney J Venables
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas , Denton, Texas 76203, United States
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19
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Wang C, Zhang S, Zhou Y, Huang C, Mu D, Giesy JP, Hu J. Equol Induces Gonadal Intersex in Japanese Medaka (Oryzias latipes) at Environmentally Relevant Concentrations: Comparison with 17β-Estradiol. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:7852-60. [PMID: 27305592 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b02211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Equol is present in the aquatic environment via livestock waste and runoff discharge; however, it remains unclear whether it can induce gonadal intersex in fish at environmentally relevant concentrations. This study evaluated adverse effects of equol on gonadal development by exposing transgenic Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) from hatching for 100 days. Equol induced intersex incidence in male medaka in a dose-dependent manner, and the benchmark dose corresponding to 10% intersex incidence (BMD10) was 11.5 ng/L (95% confidence interval (CI): 5.8 ng/L, 19.8 ng/L), which was comparable to the required dose of 17β-estradiol (E2β) (9.0 ng/L, 95% CI: 6.6 ng/L, 11.0 ng/L). Equol exposure resulted in reduced plasma 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) concentrations in male medaka at 1.3 ng/L, while reduced plasma 11-KT concentrations were observed at a relatively high concentration (6.4 ng/L) of E2β. Such antiandrogenic property could partly explain the comparable potency of equol with that of E2β to induce intersex at relatively low concentrations, although the binding affinity of equol to medaka estrogen receptor α (EC50 939.4 nM) was 230-fold lower than that (4.07 nM) of E2β. This study for the first time demonstrated that equol could induce intersex in medaka fish at environmentally relevant concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University , Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Shiyi Zhang
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University , Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yuyin Zhou
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University , Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Chong Huang
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University , Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Di Mu
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University , Beijing, 100871, China
| | - John P Giesy
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences and Toxicology Center, University of Saskatchewan , 44 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - Jianying Hu
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University , Beijing, 100871, China
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20
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Ali JM, Farhat YA, Kolok AS. Biological Impacts in Fathead Minnow Larvae Following a 7-Day Exposure to Agricultural Runoff: A Microcosm Study. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2016; 96:432-437. [PMID: 26932228 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-016-1762-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of agricultural runoff on growth and development in fathead minnow larvae. Identifying these impacts in the field is difficult due to the complexity of pulsatile events and the challenge of maintaining larval fish under environmental conditions. This paper presents evidence of sublethal impacts on minnow larvae, maintained in microcosms, following a 7-day exposure to agricultural runoff. Fathead minnow larvae (5-12 dph) were exposed to agricultural runoff in the Elkhorn River, NE, USA. At 28 dph, 16 days after the field exposure, river exposed larvae showed reductions in body mass and length compared to controls. Female larvae exposed to river water also showed a reduction in the expression of cyp19a compared to controls. Further research will be necessary to separate the impact of agrichemicals from that of other stressors, such as suspended sediment and daily oscillation in water temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan M Ali
- Department of Environmental, Agricultural and Occupational Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Yasmine A Farhat
- Department of Biology, University of Nebraska at Omaha, 6001 Dodge St, Omaha, NE, 68182-0040, USA
| | - Alan S Kolok
- Department of Environmental, Agricultural and Occupational Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
- Department of Biology, University of Nebraska at Omaha, 6001 Dodge St, Omaha, NE, 68182-0040, USA.
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21
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Casey JA, Kim BF, Larsen J, Price LB, Nachman KE. Industrial Food Animal Production and Community Health. Curr Environ Health Rep 2016; 2:259-71. [PMID: 26231503 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-015-0061-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Industrial food animal production (IFAP) is a source of environmental microbial and chemical hazards. A growing body of literature suggests that populations living near these operations and manure-applied crop fields are at elevated risk for several health outcomes. We reviewed the literature published since 2000 and identified four health outcomes consistently and positively associated with living near IFAP: respiratory outcomes, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Q fever, and stress/mood. We found moderate evidence of an association of IFAP with quality of life and limited evidence of an association with cognitive impairment, Clostridium difficile, Enterococcus, birth outcomes, and hypertension. Distance-based exposure metrics were used by 17/33 studies reviewed. Future work should investigate exposure through drinking water and must improve exposure assessment with direct environmental sampling, modeling, and high-resolution DNA typing methods. Investigators should not limit study to high-profile pathogens like MRSA but include a broader range of pathogens, as well as other disease outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan A Casey
- Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Health and Society Scholars Program, UC San Francisco and UC Berkeley, 50 University Hall, Room 583, Berkeley, CA, 94720-7360, USA,
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22
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Sun J, Wang C, Peng H, Zheng G, Zhang S, Hu J. p,p'-DDE Induces Gonadal Intersex in Japanese Medaka (Oryzias latipes) at Environmentally Relevant Concentrations: Comparison with o,p'-DDT. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:462-469. [PMID: 26606134 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b05042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have reported high body burdens of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and its metabolites in wild fishes worldwide. This study evaluated the adverse effects of 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl)-ethylene (p,p'-DDE) and o,p'-DDT on gonadal development and reproduction by exposing transgenic Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) from hatch for 100 days. While both p,p'-DDE and o,p'-DDT induced intersex in male medaka, the lowest observable effective concentration (LOEC) of o,p'-DDT was 57.7 ng/g ww, about 5-fold lower than that (272 ng/g ww) of p,p'-DDE. Since LOECs of both chemicals were comparable to the body concentrations in wild fish, DDT contamination would likely contribute to the occurrence of intersex observed in wild fish. Exposure to o,p'-DDT resulted in much higher expression of vitellogenin in liver of males than p,p'-DDE, accordant with the higher potency of o,p'-DDT than p,p'-DDE to induce intersex. This phenomenon could be partly explained by the significantly elevated levels of 17β-estradiol in plasma of males exposed to o,p'-DDT, in addition to its estrogenic activity via the estrogen receptor. Significantly lower fertilization (p = 0.006) and hatchability (p = 0.019) were observed in the 13 intersex males. This study for the first time demonstrated the induction of intersex and reproductive effects of p,p'-DDE and o,p'-DDT at environmentally relevant concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxian Sun
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University , Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Wang
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University , Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Peng
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University , Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Guomao Zheng
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University , Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiyi Zhang
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University , Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianying Hu
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University , Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
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23
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Karapinar I, Ertaş FN, Şahintürk B, Aftafa C, Kiliç E. LC-MS/MS signal enhancement for estrogenic hormones in water samples using experimental design. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra06526k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Present paper describes the optimization of LC-MS/MS conditions by using experimental design for selective and sensitive determination of estrogenic hormones namely estradiol (E2), estrone (E1), estriol (E3) and ethinyl estradiol (EE2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilgi Karapinar
- Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Engineering
- Department of Environmental Engineering
- Izmir
- Turkey
| | - F. Nil Ertaş
- Ege University
- Faculty of Science
- Department of Chemistry
- Izmir
- Turkey
| | - Binnaz Şahintürk
- Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Engineering
- Department of Environmental Engineering
- Izmir
- Turkey
| | - Can Aftafa
- Ege University
- Faculty of Science
- Department of Chemistry
- Izmir
- Turkey
| | - Ela Kiliç
- Ege University
- Faculty of Science
- Department of Chemistry
- Izmir
- Turkey
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Ozone treatment prevents the toxicity of an environmental mixture of estrogens on rat fetal testicular development. Reprod Toxicol 2015; 58:85-92. [PMID: 26370920 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Effluents from wastewater treatment plants contain a mixture of estrogens (MIX: 17β-estradiol: E2, estrone: E1, estriol: E3 and 17α-ethinylestradiol EE2). High doses of estrogens have been shown to negatively impact fetal testicular development, but the impact of low doses of estrogens in mixture have yet to be elucidated. Using an organ culture system in which embryonic 15.5 day-old rat testes were grown ex vivo, we showed that exposure to the MIX at environmentally relevant concentrations reduces testis growth. No effect was observed on testosterone secretion, but we quantified a significant decrease in the number of Sertoli cells and gonocytes because of higher rates of apoptosis. As ozone (O3) can be used as a disinfectant during wastewater treatment, we confirmed by HPLC-MS analysis that it removes the four parent compounds. Interestingly, the negative effects of the MIX were not observed when testes were exposed to the MIX treated with O3.
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25
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Abdel-moneim A, Coulter DP, Mahapatra CT, Sepúlveda MS. Intersex in fishes and amphibians: population implications, prevalence, mechanisms and molecular biomarkers. J Appl Toxicol 2015. [PMID: 26211897 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abdel-moneim
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources; Purdue University; West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
- Department of Veterinary Forensic Medicine & Toxicology; Assiut University; Assiut 71526 Egypt
| | - David P. Coulter
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources; Purdue University; West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - Cecon T. Mahapatra
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources; Purdue University; West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - Maria S. Sepúlveda
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources; Purdue University; West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
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