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Kim SK, Avila JJ, Massett MP. Interaction of genetic background and exercise training intensity on endothelial function in mouse aorta. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 24:53-68. [PMID: 31908575 PMCID: PMC6940500 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2020.24.1.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to characterize the genetic contribution to endothelial adaptation to exercise training. Vasoreactivity was assessed in aortas from four inbred mouse strains (129S1, B6, NON, and SJL) after 4 weeks of moderate intensity continuous exercise training (MOD), high intensity interval training (HIT) or in sedentary controls (SED). Intrinsic variations in endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation (EDR) to acetylcholine (ACh) as well as vasocontractile responses were observed across SED groups. For responses to exercise training, there was a significant interaction between mouse strain and training intensity on EDR. Exercise training had no effect on EDR in aortas from 129S1 and B6 mice. In NON, EDR was improved in aortas from MOD and HIT compared with respective SED, accompanied by diminished responses to PE in those groups. Interestingly, EDR was impaired in aorta from SJL HIT compared with SED. The transcriptional activation of endothelial genes was also influenced by the interaction between mouse strain and training intensity. The number of genes altered by HIT was greater than MOD, and there was little overlap between genes altered by HIT and MOD. HIT was associated with gene pathways for inflammatory responses. NON MOD genes showed enrichment for vessel growth pathways. These findings indicate that exercise training has non-uniform effects on endothelial function and transcriptional activation of endothelial genes depending on the interaction between genetic background and training intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Kyum Kim
- Department of Sports Science, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Korea
| | - Joshua J Avila
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Michael P Massett
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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2
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Dörr M, Hamburg NM, Müller C, Smith NL, Gustafsson S, Lehtimäki T, Teumer A, Zeller T, Li X, Lind L, Raitakari OT, Völker U, Blankenberg S, McKnight B, Morris AP, Kähönen M, Lemaitre RN, Wild PS, Nauck M, Völzke H, Münzel T, Mitchell GF, Psaty BM, Lindgren CM, Larson MG, Felix SB, Ingelsson E, Lyytikäinen LP, Herrington D, Benjamin EJ, Schnabel RB. Common Genetic Variation in Relation to Brachial Vascular Dimensions and Flow-Mediated Vasodilation. CIRCULATION-GENOMIC AND PRECISION MEDICINE 2020; 12:e002409. [PMID: 30779634 DOI: 10.1161/circgen.118.002409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Dörr
- Department of Internal Medicine (M.D., S.B.F.), University of Medicine Greifswald, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Germany (M.D., A.T., U.V., M.N., H.V., S.B.F.)
| | - Naomi M Hamburg
- Department of Medicine, Sections of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, MA (N.M.H.)
| | - Christian Müller
- Department of General & Interventional Cardiology, University of Heart Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (C.M., T.Z., S.B., R.B.S.).,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany (C.M., T.Z., S.B., R.B.S.)
| | - Nicholas L Smith
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Epidemiology, & Health Services (N.L.S., B.M.P.), University of Washington, WA.,Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute (N.L.S., B.M.P.).,Seattle Epidemiologic Research and Information Center, Department of Veteran Affairs Office of Research and Development, WA (N.L.S.)
| | - Stefan Gustafsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Sweden (S.G., L.L., E.I.)
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland (T.L., L.-P.L.)
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Department SHIP/Clinical-Epidemiological Research, Institute for Community Medicine (A.T., H.V.), University of Medicine Greifswald, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Germany (M.D., A.T., U.V., M.N., H.V., S.B.F.)
| | - Tanja Zeller
- Department of General & Interventional Cardiology, University of Heart Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (C.M., T.Z., S.B., R.B.S.).,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany (C.M., T.Z., S.B., R.B.S.)
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, CA (X.L.)
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Sweden (S.G., L.L., E.I.)
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Department of Clinical Physiology & Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Finland (O.T.R.).,Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Finland (O.T.R.)
| | - Uwe Völker
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics & Functional Genomics (U.V.), University of Medicine Greifswald, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Germany (M.D., A.T., U.V., M.N., H.V., S.B.F.)
| | - Stefan Blankenberg
- Department of General & Interventional Cardiology, University of Heart Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (C.M., T.Z., S.B., R.B.S.).,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany (C.M., T.Z., S.B., R.B.S.)
| | - Barbara McKnight
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Biostatistics (B.M.), University of Washington, WA
| | - Andrew P Morris
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom (A.P.M.)
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland (M.K.).,Department of Clinical Physiology, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Finland (M.K.)
| | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine (R.N.L.), University of Washington, WA
| | - Philipp S Wild
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Center for Cardiology (P.S.W.), Department of Internal Medicine 2, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany.,Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (P.S.W.), Department of Internal Medicine 2, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany (P.S.W., T.M.)
| | - Matthias Nauck
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry & Laboratory Medicine (M.N.), University of Medicine Greifswald, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Germany (M.D., A.T., U.V., M.N., H.V., S.B.F.)
| | - Henry Völzke
- Department SHIP/Clinical-Epidemiological Research, Institute for Community Medicine (A.T., H.V.), University of Medicine Greifswald, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Germany (M.D., A.T., U.V., M.N., H.V., S.B.F.)
| | - Thomas Münzel
- Center for Cardiology (T.M.), Department of Internal Medicine 2, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany (P.S.W., T.M.)
| | - Gary F Mitchell
- Department of Research, Cardiovascular Engineering Inc., Norwood, MA (G.F.M.)
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Epidemiology, & Health Services (N.L.S., B.M.P.), University of Washington, WA.,Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute (N.L.S., B.M.P.)
| | - Cecilia M Lindgren
- Department of Research, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, The Big Data Institute (C.M.L.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom.,Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine (C.M.L.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom.,Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology & Harvard University, Cambridge, MA (C.M.L.)
| | - Martin G Larson
- Boston University and the NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study, MA (M.G.L., E.J.B.).,Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (M.G.L.)
| | - Stephan B Felix
- Department of Internal Medicine (M.D., S.B.F.), University of Medicine Greifswald, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Germany (M.D., A.T., U.V., M.N., H.V., S.B.F.)
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Sweden (S.G., L.L., E.I.).,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA (E.I.).,Stanford Cardiovascular Institute (E.I.), Stanford University, CA.,Stanford Diabetes Research Center (E.I.), Stanford University, CA
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland (T.L., L.-P.L.)
| | - David Herrington
- Cardiovascular Medicine Department, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC (D.H.)
| | - Emelia J Benjamin
- Boston University and the NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study, MA (M.G.L., E.J.B.).,Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine and Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (E.J.B.)
| | - Renate B Schnabel
- Department of General & Interventional Cardiology, University of Heart Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (C.M., T.Z., S.B., R.B.S.).,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany (C.M., T.Z., S.B., R.B.S.)
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Fetterman JL, Liu C, Mitchell GF, Vasan RS, Benjamin EJ, Vita JA, Hamburg NM, Levy D. Relations of mitochondrial genetic variants to measures of vascular function. Mitochondrion 2017; 40:51-57. [PMID: 28993255 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial genetic variation with resultant alterations in oxidative phosphorylation may influence vascular function and contribute to cardiovascular disease susceptibility. We assessed relations of peptide-encoding variants in the mitochondrial genome with measures of vascular function in Framingham Heart Study participants. Of 258 variants assessed, 40 were predicted to have functional consequences by bioinformatics programs. A maternal pattern of heritability was estimated to contribute to the variability of aortic stiffness. A putative association with a microvascular function measure was identified that requires replication. The methods we have developed can be applied to assess the relations of mitochondrial genetic variation to other phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Fetterman
- Vascular Biology Section, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Chunyu Liu
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States; Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MA, United States
| | - Gary F Mitchell
- Cardiovascular Engineering, Inc., Norwood, MA, United States
| | - Ramachandran S Vasan
- Vascular Biology Section, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States; Preventive Medicine Section, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Emelia J Benjamin
- Vascular Biology Section, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States; Preventive Medicine Section, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Joseph A Vita
- Vascular Biology Section, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Naomi M Hamburg
- Vascular Biology Section, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Daniel Levy
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States; Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MA, United States
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4
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Amorim Belo Nunes R, Pereira Barroso L, da Costa Pereira A, Pinto Brandão Rondon MU, Negrão CE, Krieger JE, Mansur AJ. Alpha2A-adrenergic receptor and eNOS genetic polymorphisms are associated with exercise muscle vasodilatation in apparently healthy individuals. IJC HEART & VASCULATURE 2016; 13:14-18. [PMID: 28616554 PMCID: PMC5454168 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Muscle vasodilatation during exercise has been associated with cardiovascular health and may be influenced by genetic variability. The purpose of this study was to evaluate functional genetic polymorphisms of physiologic pathways related to the regulation of the cardiovascular function (alpha-adrenergic receptors, endothelial nitric oxide synthase and bradykinin B2 receptor) and exercise muscle vasodilatation in apparently healthy men and women. METHODS We enrolled 689 individuals without established cardiovascular disease that had attended a check-up program. The vasodilatation was studied with venous occlusion plethysmography and determined by the increase of vascular conductance during handgrip exercise. Genotypes for ADRA1A Arg347Cys (rs1048101), ADRA2A 1780 C > T (rs553668), ADRA2B Del 301-303 (rs28365031), eNOS 786 T > C (rs2070744), eNOS Glu298Asp (rs1799983) and BDKRB2 (rs5810761) polymorphisms were assessed by polymerase chain reaction followed by high resolution melting analysis. RESULTS The eNOS rs2070744 polymorphism was significantly associated with forearm vascular conductance during exercise in women. Women with CC genotype showed higher vasodilatation than carriers of TC and TT genotypes (p = 0.043). The ADRA2A rs553668 polymorphism was significantly associated with forearm vascular conductance during exercise in men. Men with TT genotype had higher vasodilatation than carriers of CT and CC genotypes (p = 0.025). CONCLUSIONS eNOS rs207074 polymorphism in women and ADRA2A rs553668 polymorphism in men were associated with the increase of forearm vascular conductance during handgrip exercise. These findings suggest that eNOS and ADRA2A genetic polymorphisms may be potential markers of exercise muscle vasodilatation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Amorim Belo Nunes
- Unidade Clínica de Ambulatório Geral, Instituto do Coração (InCor) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44, São Paulo, Brazil
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5
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Kim SK, Massett MP. Genetic Regulation of Endothelial Vasomotor Function. Front Physiol 2016; 7:571. [PMID: 27932996 PMCID: PMC5122706 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The endothelium plays an important role in the regulation of vasomotor tone and the maintenance of vascular integrity. Endothelial dysfunction, i.e., impaired endothelial dependent dilation, is a fundamental component of the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Although endothelial dysfunction is associated with a number of cardiovascular disease risk factors, those risk factors are not the only determinants of endothelial dysfunction. Despite knowing many molecules involved in endothelial signaling pathways, the genetic contribution to endothelial function has yet to be fully elucidated. This mini-review summarizes current evidence supporting the genetic contribution to endothelial vasomotor function. Findings from population-based studies, association studies for candidate genes, and unbiased large genomic scale studies in humans and rodent models are discussed. A brief synopsis of the current studies addressing the genetic regulation of endothelial responses to exercise training is also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Kyum Kim
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station, TX, USA
- Tufts Medical Center, Molecular Cardiology Research InstituteBoston, MA, USA
| | - Michael P. Massett
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station, TX, USA
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6
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Kim SK, Avila JJ, Massett MP. Strain survey and genetic analysis of vasoreactivity in mouse aorta. Physiol Genomics 2016; 48:861-873. [PMID: 27764765 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00054.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the genetic influence on vascular reactivity is important for identifying genes underlying impaired vascular function. The purpose of this study was to characterize the genetic contribution to intrinsic vascular function and to identify loci associated with phenotypic variation in vascular reactivity in mice. Concentration response curves to phenylephrine (PE), potassium chloride (KCl), acetylcholine (ACh), and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) were generated in aortic rings from male mice (12 wk old) from 27 inbred mouse strains. Significant strain-dependent differences were found for both maximal responses and sensitivity for each agent, except for SNP Max (%). Strain differences for maximal responses to ACh, PE, and KCl varied by two- to fivefold. On the basis of these large strain differences, we performed genome-wide association mapping (GWAS) to identify loci associated with variation in responses to these agents. GWAS for responses to ACh identified four significant and 19 suggestive loci. Several suggestive loci for responses to SNP, PE, and KCl (including one significant locus for KCl EC50) were also identified. These results demonstrate that intrinsic endothelial function, and more generally vascular function, is genetically determined and associated with multiple genomic loci. Furthermore, these results are supported by the finding that several genes residing in significant and suggestive loci for responses to ACh were previously identified in rat and/or human quantitative trait loci/GWAS for cardiovascular disease. This study represents the first step toward the unbiased comprehensive discovery of genetic determinants that regulate intrinsic vascular function, particularly endothelial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Kyum Kim
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Joshua J Avila
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Michael P Massett
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
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7
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Fisch AS, Yerges-Armstrong LM, Backman JD, Wang H, Donnelly P, Ryan KA, Parihar A, Pavlovich MA, Mitchell BD, O’Connell JR, Herzog W, Harman CR, Wren JD, Lewis JP. Genetic Variation in the Platelet Endothelial Aggregation Receptor 1 Gene Results in Endothelial Dysfunction. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0138795. [PMID: 26406321 PMCID: PMC4583223 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet Endothelial Aggregation Receptor 1 (PEAR1) is a newly identified membrane protein reported to be involved in multiple vascular and thrombotic processes. While most studies to date have focused on the effects of this receptor in platelets, PEAR1 is located in multiple tissues including the endothelium, where it is most highly expressed. Our first objective was to evaluate the role of PEAR1 in endothelial function by examining flow-mediated dilation of the brachial artery in 641 participants from the Heredity and Phenotype Intervention Heart Study. Our second objective was to further define the impact of PEAR1 on cardiovascular disease computationally through meta-analysis of 75,000 microarrays, yielding insights regarding PEAR1 function, and predictions of phenotypes and diseases affected by PEAR1 dysregulation. Based on the results of this meta-analysis we examined whether genetic variation in PEAR1 influences endothelial function using an ex vivo assay of endothelial cell migration. We observed a significant association between rs12041331 and flow-mediated dilation in participants of the Heredity and Phenotype Intervention Heart Study (P = 0.02). Meta-analysis results revealed that PEAR1 expression is highly correlated with several genes (e.g. ANG2, ACVRL1, ENG) and phenotypes (e.g. endothelial cell migration, angiogenesis) that are integral to endothelial function. Functional validation of these results revealed that PEAR1 rs12041331 is significantly associated with endothelial migration (P = 0.04). Our results suggest for the first time that genetic variation of PEAR1 is a significant determinant of endothelial function through pathways implicated in cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam S. Fisch
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, and Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Laura M. Yerges-Armstrong
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, and Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Joshua D. Backman
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, and Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Hong Wang
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, and Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Patrick Donnelly
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, and Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kathleen A. Ryan
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, and Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ankita Parihar
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, and Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Mary A. Pavlovich
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, and Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Braxton D. Mitchell
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, and Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey R. O’Connell
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, and Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - William Herzog
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Christopher R. Harman
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jonathan D. Wren
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
- Program in Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Research, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Joshua P. Lewis
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, and Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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8
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Carrelli AL, Walker MD, Di Tullio MR, Homma S, Zhang C, McMahon DJ, Silverberg SJ. Endothelial function in mild primary hyperparathyroidism. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2013; 78:204-9. [PMID: 22757971 PMCID: PMC3479355 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2012.04485.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Revised: 03/30/2012] [Accepted: 06/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is not known if endothelial dysfunction, an important early event in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, is present in mild primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) and if so, whether it improves following parathyroidectomy. DESIGN We measured flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD), which estimates endothelial function by ultrasound imaging, in patients prior to and 6 and 12 months after parathyroidectomy. RESULTS Forty-five patients with mild PHPT [80% female, 61 ± 1 (mean ± SE) years, serum calcium 2·65 ± 0·03 mm (10·6 ± 0·1 mg/dl), PTH 10·5 ± 0·7 pm (99 ± 7 pg/ml), 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) 70·3 ± 3·7 nm (28·2 ± 1·5 ng/ml)] were studied. Baseline FMD was normal (4·63 ± 0·51%; reference mean: 4·4 ± 0·1%) and was not associated with serum calcium, PTH or 25OHD levels. In the group as a whole, FMD did not change after surgery (6 months: 4·38 ± 0·83%, P = 0·72; 12 months: 5·07 ± 0·74%, P = 0·49). However, in those with abnormal baseline FMD (<2·2%; n = 15), FMD increased by 350%, normalizing by 6 months after surgery (baseline: 0·81± 0·19%; 6 months: 3·18 ± 0·79%, P = 0·02 vs baseline; 12months: 3·68 ± 1·22%, P = 0·04 vs baseline). Baseline calcium, PTH and 25OHD levels did not differ between those with abnormal vs normal FMD, nor did these indices predict postoperative change in FMD. CONCLUSIONS FMD is generally normal in patients with mild PHPT and is unchanged 1 year after parathyroidectomy. Although FMD may normalize after surgery in patients with baseline abnormalities, data do not support using endothelial dysfunction as an indicator for parathyroidectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Carrelli
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
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9
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Gender differences in vascular function and insulin sensitivity in young adults. Clin Sci (Lond) 2011; 120:153-60. [PMID: 20815810 DOI: 10.1042/cs20100223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
To examine influence of insulin resistance and other clinical risk factors for the MetS (metabolic syndrome) on vascular structure and function in young adults. This cross-sectional study was conducted in a cohort of young adults (mean age 22 years) and their siblings participating in a longitudinal study of cardiovascular risk (n=370). Insulin sensitivity was determined by euglycaemic insulin clamp. EDD (endothelium-dependent dilation) was determined by flow-mediated dilation using high-resolution ultrasound imaging of the brachial artery. EID (endothelium-independent dilation) was determined by NTG (nitroglycerine)-mediated dilation. The diameter and cIMT (intima-media thickness) of the carotid artery were also measured. There was no significant difference between males and females for age or body mass index. However, males had significantly higher glucose and triacylglycerol (triglyceride) levels, while the females had significantly higher HDL-C (high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol) and insulin sensitivity (13.00 ± 0.33 compared with 10.71 ± 0.31 mg·kg-1 of lean body mass·min-1, P<0.0001). Although peak EDD was significantly lower (6.28 ± 0.26 compared with 8.50 ± 0.28%, P<0.0001) in males than females, this difference was largely explained by adjustment for brachial artery diameter (P=0.15). Peak EID also was significantly lower in males than females (20.26 ± 0.44 compared with 28.64 ± 0.47%, P<0.0001), a difference that remained significantly lower after adjustment for brachial artery diameter. Males had a significantly greater cIMT compared with females (females 0.420 ± 0.004 compared with males 0.444 ± 0.004 mm, P=0.01), but when adjusted for carotid diameter, there was no significant difference (P=0.163). Although there were gender differences in vascular function and structure in the young adult population examined in this study, many of the differences were eliminated simply by adjusting for artery diameter. However, the lower EID observed in males could not be explained by artery diameter. Future studies need to continue to examine influence of gender on EID and other measures of vascular function.
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Heritability of arterial function, fitness, and physical activity in youth: a study of monozygotic and dizygotic twins. J Pediatr 2010; 157:943-8. [PMID: 20638076 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2010.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2010] [Revised: 04/30/2010] [Accepted: 06/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the role of heredity in determining flow-mediated dilation in young people by comparing conduit artery endothelial function in monozygotic and dizygotic twins. We also determined relationships between physical activity and fitness in each twin subset. STUDY DESIGN Flow-mediated dilation was assessed with high-resolution ultrasonography of the brachial artery in 22 twin pairs (11 monozygotic pairs 13.3 ± 1.6 years, 11 dizygotic pairs 13.6 ± 1.6 years). Fitness was assessed as peak oxygen uptake during an incremental treadmill test. Physical activity was measured with accelerometry. Twin versus twin intraclass correlations were performed for both groups. RESULTS Flow-mediated dilation was significantly correlated in monozygotic twins only (r = 0.60, P = .02). Heritability of flow-mediated dilation was estimated at 0.44. Total PA time (monozygotic r = 0.77, dizygotic r = 0.60, P < .05) and light physical activity time (monozygotic r = 0.67, dizygotic r = 0.63, P < .05) correlated significantly in both groups. The peak oxygen uptake (r = 0.84, P < .01) was correlated only in monozygotic twins. CONCLUSION Genetic factors appear to be responsible for a modest portion of the flow-mediated dilation response, suggesting that flow-mediated dilation can be influenced by environmental factors.
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